EMBA - From Firmware to Exploit - BHEU22
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See also https://www.blackhat.com/eu-22/arsenal/schedule/index.html#emba--from-firmware-to-exploit-29185
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This document introduces EMBA, a free and open-source firmware analysis tool. It describes EMBA's extraction and analysis modules that can extract firmware components like Linux filesystems, decrypt images, and analyze the firmware using tools like binwalk and Yara rules. EMBA aims to automate common firmware analysis tasks and identify security issues like outdated components, weak configurations, and potential 0-day vulnerabilities through static and dynamic analysis techniques.
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ATF(ARM Trusted Firmware)は、ARMv8では重要なソフトウェア。
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This document explains how to do when using BL31 (EL3 Runtime Firmware) alone, for example, with Xilinx's Zynq UltraScale + MPSoC.
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In this talk we focus on software and hardware attacks that may be carried on against Secure Boot implementations. We leverage our decade long experience in reviewing and attacking secure boot on embedded devices from different industries
After a brief introduction, an overview of common attack patterns is provided, by discussing real vulnerabilities, exploits and attacks as case studies.
We then discuss two new attacks, not discussed or demonstrated before, with the purpose of bringing new insights.
The first one, takes place before CPU is even started, showing that a larger attack surface than usually explored is available.
This also shows that FI can affect pure HW implementations, with no SW involved.
The second one is an Encrypted Secure Boot bypass, yielding direct code execution. It is performed by using Fault Injection only and with a single glitch.
Contrary to common beliefs, we show that FI-only attacks are possible against an Encrypted Secure Boot implementation, without requiring any encryption key.
This shows that the need of reconsidering FI attacks impact and that encrypting boot stages alone is not a sufficient FI countermeasure.
We also discuss countermeasures and possible mitigations throughout the whole presentation.
With this talk, we hope to bring innovative and fresh material to a topic, which is a cornerstone of modern Product Security.
The presentation at BlueHat IL 2019 featured the live demo of an Encrypted Secure Boot bypass attack.
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The document discusses various techniques attackers can use to launch executables remotely on Windows systems by leveraging compromised credentials and built-in OS functionality. It describes how to detect remotely launched executables using Windows Event and Sysmon logs. Specific techniques covered include remote file copy over SMB, remote execution via WMI, WinRM, Powershell Remoting, scheduled tasks, services, the registry, and WMI subscriptions. The document provides the event sequences and most interesting events to look for when hunting for evidence of each technique.
Malware forensics
This document discusses keyloggers, malware detection, and forensic investigation of infected systems. It defines keyloggers as hardware or software that captures keystrokes and malware as malicious software like viruses and Trojans. It provides tips for detecting keyloggers and malware through artifacts in the system, registry, prefetch files, and suspicious files and entries. It outlines methods for determining the infection source and timeline, and identifying captured data, attacker information, and next steps for investigators.
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The document provides an overview of kernel crash dump analysis including:
- The tools and data required such as the crash utility, kernel symbol files, vmcore files
- How to install and use these components
- Basic crash commands to analyze system, memory, storage, and network subsystems
- How to dynamically load crash extension modules to add custom commands
VERİTABANI SIZMA TESTLERİ
Sızma testi çalışmaları için BGA Bilgi Güvenliği A.Ş olarak hazırladığımız uygulama kitabı
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Talk for USENIX/LISA2014 by Brendan Gregg, Netflix. At Netflix performance is crucial, and we use many high to low level tools to analyze our stack in different ways. In this talk, I will introduce new system observability tools we are using at Netflix, which I've ported from my DTraceToolkit, and are intended for our Linux 3.2 cloud instances. These show that Linux can do more than you may think, by using creative hacks and workarounds with existing kernel features (ftrace, perf_events). While these are solving issues on current versions of Linux, I'll also briefly summarize the future in this space: eBPF, ktap, SystemTap, sysdig, etc.
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1. The document discusses various techniques for confining untrusted code, including chroot jails, virtual machines, and system call interposition.
2. System call interposition monitors applications' system calls and blocks unauthorized ones, implementing fine-grained access control policies. However, specifying the right policy for each application can be difficult.
3. Virtual machines isolate applications by running them within isolated guest operating systems. However, covert channels still allow some information to leak between virtual machines.
Breach and attack simulation tools
With the focus on security, most organisations test the security defenses via pen-testing. But what about after the network has been compromised. Is there an Advance Persistent Threat (APT) sitting on the network? Will the defenses be able to detect this?
This talk will discuss some of the open source tools that can help simulate this threat. So as to test the security defenses if an APT makes it onto the network.
Full-System Emulation Achieving Successful Automated Dynamic Analysis of Evas...
This document discusses techniques for achieving successful automated dynamic analysis of evasive malware through full system emulation. It begins by introducing the speaker and their background in malware research. It then discusses the goals of automated malware analysis, different analysis approaches (such as system call hooking and process emulation), and how full system emulation provides the highest visibility and fidelity while maintaining good performance. The document also covers challenges posed by malware evasion techniques and ways analysis systems can work to bypass triggers and detect stalling code.
Common Pitfalls of Functional Programming and How to Avoid Them: A Mobile Gam...
This material is presented on CUFP 2013.
Functional programming is already an established technology is many areas. However, the lack of skilled developers has been a challenging hurdle in the adoption of such languages. It is easy for an inexperienced programmer to fall into the many traps of functional programming, resulting in a loss of productivity and bad software quality. Resource leaks caused by Haskell's lazy evaluation, for instance, are only the tip of the iceberg. Knowledge sharing and a mature tool-assisted development process are ways to avoid such pitfalls. At GREE, one of the largest mobile gaming companies, we use Haskell and Scala to develop major components of our platform, such as a distributed NoSQL solution, or an image storage infrastructure. However, only 11 programmers use functional programming on their daily task. In this talk, we will describe some unexpected functional programming issues we ran into, how we solved them and how we hope to avoid them in the future. We have developed a system testing framework to enhance regression testing, spent lots of time documenting pitfalls and introduced technical reviews. Recently, we even started holding lunchtime presentations about functional programming in order to attract beginners and prevent them from falling into the same traps.
Beginners guide on how to start exploring IoT 2nd session
This document discusses various aspects of cloud, API, and hardware penetration testing:
- It outlines the different types of cloud services: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Software as a Service (SaaS), and Platform as a Service (PaaS).
- It provides an overview of tools used for cloud and API penetration testing such as SOASTA CloudTest, LoadStorm, BlazeMeter, Nexpose, and AppThwack.
- It discusses firmware analysis, including extracting firmware from devices, identifying file systems and architectures, and searching for hardcoded credentials or certificates. Tools mentioned include Binwalk, Readelf, and Strings.
- It provides an overview of hardware penetration
Metasploitation part-1 (murtuja)
This document provides an overview of metasploitation and using the Metasploit framework. It discusses basics like vulnerabilities, exploits, payloads and encoders. It then covers using the msfconsole interface, exploit modules, auxiliary modules like scanners, databases integration, automation, client-side exploits, payload generation, backdooring files, Linux backdoors, Meterpreter, pivoting, and post-exploitation techniques. The document includes several screenshots and links resources for further information.
Building your macOS Baseline Requirements MacadUK 2018
Slides from 2018 MacAD.UK confernce
Synopsis: https://www.macad.uk/speaker/henry-stamerjohann/
When tasked with (re)building a security baseline for macOS clients, where do you start?
There’s obviously decisions to be made about what’s feasible in your organization (beyond if admin privileges should be the default). You need to weigh system stability and security with end-user productivity. Luckily for the macOS platform a rich ecosystem of tools exist to fill in the gaps and general guidance is available. The crucial part of making mindful and informed decisions is to first aggregate data from your IT environment. You can then decide what configurations to deploy and run recurring compliance checks based on an appropriate strategy. This session will cover fundamentals, highlight advanced considerations, and outline practical examples to apply when you’re conducting a (new) baseline for macOS clients.
[HES2013] Virtually secure, analysis to remote root 0day on an industry leadi...
Today most networks present one “gateway” to the whole network – The SSL-VPN. A vector that is often overlooked and considered “secure”, we decided to take apart an industry leading SSL-VPN appliance and analyze it to bits to thoroughly understand how secure it really is. During this talk we will examine the internals of the F5 FirePass SSL-VPN Appliance. We discover that even though many security protections are in-place, the internals of the appliance hides interesting vulnerabilities we can exploit. Through processes ranging from reverse engineering to binary planting, we decrypt the file-system and begin examining the environment. As we go down the rabbit hole, our misconceptions about “security appliances” are revealed.
Using a combination of web vulnerabilities, format string vulnerabilities and a bunch of frustration, we manage to overcome the multiple limitations and protections presented by the appliance to gain a remote unauthenticated root shell. Due to the magnitude of this vulnerability and the potential for impact against dozens of fortune 500 companies, we contacted F5 and received one of the best vendor responses we’ve experienced – EVER!
https://www.hackitoergosum.org
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS SYBSC IT SEM IV UNIT V Embedded Systems Integrated Developme...
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS SYBSC IT SEM IV UNIT V Embedded Systems Integrated Developme...Arti Parab Academics
Design and Development: Embedded system development Environment – IDE, types of file generated on cross compilation, disassembler/ de-compiler, simulator, emulator and debugging, embedded product development life-cycle, trends in embedded industry. XPDS14 - Zero-Footprint Guest Memory Introspection from Xen - Mihai Dontu, Bi...
XPDS14 - Zero-Footprint Guest Memory Introspection from Xen - Mihai Dontu, Bi...The Linux Foundation
This presentation will detail a practical approach to memory introspection of virtual machines running on the Xen hypervisor with no in-guest footprint. The functionality makes use of the mem-event API with a number of improvements which enable the proper tracking of guest OS activity. The technology created on top of this Xen API opens the door for several immediate applications, including: rootkit detection and prevention, detection and action on several categories of malware, and event source information for low-level post-event forensics and correlation based on real event data during events.
Computer system organization
It is comprised of the five classical components (input, output, processor, memory, and datapath). The processor is divided into an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and control unit, a method of organization that persists to the present.
NSC #2 - D3 02 - Peter Hlavaty - Attack on the Core
This document discusses kernel exploitation techniques. It begins by explaining the KernelIo technique for reading and writing kernel memory on Windows and Linux despite protections like SMAP and SMEP. It then discusses several vulnerability cases that can enable KernelIo like out of bounds writes, kmalloc overflows, and abusing KASLR. Next, it analyzes design flaws in kernels like linked lists, hidden pointers, and callback mechanisms. It evaluates the state of exploitation on modern systems and envisions future hardened operating system designs. It advocates moving to C++ for exploitation development rather than shellcoding and introduces a C++ exploitation framework. The document was presented by Peter Hlavaty of the Keen Team and encourages recruitment for vulnerability research.
Larson Macaulay apt_malware_past_present_future_out_of_band_techniques
The document discusses advanced persistent threats and techniques used by attackers both historically and currently. It covers topics like out-of-band analysis techniques to gain "perfect knowledge" of attackers through reverse engineering, using telemetry and signatures to detect malware, and challenges with scanning techniques due to polymorphism and evasion methods used by attackers.
Attacking Embedded Devices (No Axe Required)
This document discusses attacking embedded systems and analyzing firmware. It begins by explaining why embedded system vulnerabilities are important, as these devices often have weak security and are on critical network paths. It then covers techniques for detecting devices, including active scanning with Nmap and Nessus. Firmware analysis methods like strings, hexdump and grep are presented for initial examination. The document introduces tools for extracting filesystems from firmware and analyzing file contents. It emphasizes that emulation with Qemu allows debugging binaries from extracted firmware.
19-f15-mobile-security.pptx
This document provides an introduction to mobile security. It discusses how mobile security differs from traditional security due to factors like hardware architecture, device capabilities, and software ecosystems. It covers topics like processor architecture, device capabilities, malware types, software ecosystems, and case studies. The overview section summarizes that mobile security faces challenges from architectural complexity, new attack vectors, mobile operating systems, common software problems like cryptographic misuse, and current research techniques.
System-level Threats: Dangerous Assumptions in modern Product Security
Current devices are complex products: a result of an ecosystem effort, with HW and SW components provided by several manufacturers, across long supply chains.
System-level threats may materialize in the interaction of diverse sub-systems and components, due to assumptions occurring at different stages of the production chain. This encompasses not only the design phase, but also (HW & SW) development, threat modeling and even security testing.
This presentation explores some classes of such assumptions, as distilled by presenter’s experience.
Relevant attacks such as "Timing Attacks against IoT devices" or "Bypassing an encrypted Secure Boot with Fault Injection" are also discussed.
If you are involved in securing modern digital products, as a Developer, HW or SW System Architect, Product Security Manager or as a Security Researcher, you may find them interesting
This talk has been presented at HITB Dubai 2018 security conference.
L27
This lecture discusses principles of secure coding and lessons learned from past security incidents. It covers topics like:
- Design principles like least privilege and complete mediation.
- Common coding errors that led to vulnerabilities like buffer overflows.
- The importance of input validation, logging, and avoiding risky functions.
- Lessons from fuzz testing programs and the need for secure development practices.
- Authentication techniques like hashing passwords and limiting privileges.
- The role of policy, usability, and social aspects in security.
Chromium os architecture report
explanation of chromium os Architecture ,made as Asseignment , in Os Course in iti , Dr. Ahmed Lotfy
Similar to EMBA - From Firmware to Exploit - BHEU22 (20)
Full-System Emulation Achieving Successful Automated Dynamic Analysis of Evas...
Full-System Emulation Achieving Successful Automated Dynamic Analysis of Evas...
Common Pitfalls of Functional Programming and How to Avoid Them: A Mobile Gam...
Common Pitfalls of Functional Programming and How to Avoid Them: A Mobile Gam...
Beginners guide on how to start exploring IoT 2nd session
Beginners guide on how to start exploring IoT 2nd session
Building your macOS Baseline Requirements MacadUK 2018
Building your macOS Baseline Requirements MacadUK 2018
[HES2013] Virtually secure, analysis to remote root 0day on an industry leadi...
[HES2013] Virtually secure, analysis to remote root 0day on an industry leadi...
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS SYBSC IT SEM IV UNIT V Embedded Systems Integrated Developme...
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS SYBSC IT SEM IV UNIT V Embedded Systems Integrated Developme...
XPDS14 - Zero-Footprint Guest Memory Introspection from Xen - Mihai Dontu, Bi...
XPDS14 - Zero-Footprint Guest Memory Introspection from Xen - Mihai Dontu, Bi...
NSC #2 - D3 02 - Peter Hlavaty - Attack on the Core
NSC #2 - D3 02 - Peter Hlavaty - Attack on the Core
Larson Macaulay apt_malware_past_present_future_out_of_band_techniques
Larson Macaulay apt_malware_past_present_future_out_of_band_techniques
System-level Threats: Dangerous Assumptions in modern Product Security
System-level Threats: Dangerous Assumptions in modern Product Security
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◆◆◆◆◆ — — — — — — — — 【留学教育】留学归国服务中心 — — — — — -◆◆◆◆◆
【主营项目】
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6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
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制作毕业证书(ANU毕业证)莫纳什大学毕业证成绩单官方原版办理
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留学挂科(UofM毕业证)明尼苏达大学毕业证成绩单复刻办理
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◆◆◆◆◆ — — — — — — — — 【留学教育】留学归国服务中心 — — — — — -◆◆◆◆◆
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【微信：176555708】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微信：176555708】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
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Understanding User Behavior with Google Analytics.pdf
Unlocking the full potential of Google Analytics is crucial for understanding and optimizing your website’s performance. This guide dives deep into the essential aspects of Google Analytics, from analyzing traffic sources to understanding user demographics and tracking user engagement.
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Discover where your website traffic originates. By examining the Acquisition section, you can identify whether visitors come from organic search, paid campaigns, direct visits, social media, or referral links. This knowledge helps in refining marketing strategies and optimizing resource allocation.
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Gain a comprehensive view of your audience by exploring demographic data in the Audience section. Understand age, gender, and interests to tailor your marketing strategies effectively. Leverage this information to create personalized content and improve user engagement and conversion rates.
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Conversion Rate Optimization:
Understand the importance of conversion rates and how to track them using Google Analytics. Set up Goals, analyze conversion funnels, segment your audience, and employ A/B testing to optimize your website for higher conversions. Utilize ecommerce tracking and multi-channel funnels for a detailed view of your sales performance and marketing channel contributions.
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Create custom reports and dashboards to visualize and interpret data relevant to your business goals. Use advanced filters, segments, and visualization options to gain deeper insights. Incorporate custom dimensions and metrics for tailored data analysis. Integrate external data sources to enrich your analytics and make well-informed decisions.
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Internet of Things in Manufacturing: Revolutionizing Efficiency & Quality | C...
This article delves into how the Internet of Things in manufacturing is reshaping the industry, its benefits, challenges, and future prospects.
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Instagram has become one of the most popular social media platforms, allowing people to share photos, videos, and stories with their followers. Sometimes, though, you might want to view someone's story without them knowing.
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Discover the benefits of outsourcing SEO to India
"Discover the benefits of outsourcing SEO to India! From cost-effective services and expert professionals to round-the-clock work advantages, learn how your business can achieve digital success with Indian SEO solutions.
存档可查的(USC毕业证)南加利福尼亚大学毕业证成绩单制做办理
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三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微信：176555708】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
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3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
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6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
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Bridging the Digital Gap Brad Spiegel Macon, GA Initiative.pptx
Brad Spiegel Macon GA’s journey exemplifies the profound impact that one individual can have on their community. Through his unwavering dedication to digital inclusion, he’s not only bridging the gap in Macon but also setting an example for others to follow.
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一.毕业证【微信：176555708】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微信：176555708】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
学历顾问：微信：176555708
国外证书(Lincoln毕业证)新西兰林肯大学毕业证成绩单不能毕业办理
退学办理新西兰林肯大学毕业证【微信176555708】学历认证怎么做：原版仿制新西兰林肯大学电子版成绩单毕业证认证【新西兰林肯大学毕业证成绩单】、新西兰林肯大学文凭证书成绩单复刻offer录取通知书、购买Lincoln圣力嘉学院本科毕业证、【新西兰林肯大学毕业证办理Lincoln毕业证书哪里买】、新西兰林肯大学 Offer在线办理Lincoln Offer新西兰林肯大学Bachloer Degree。1客户提供办理信息：姓名生日专业学位毕业时间等（如信息不确定可以咨询顾问：微信176555708我们有专业老师帮你查询）；
2开始安排制作毕业证成绩单电子图；
3毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
5成品做好拍照或者视频给您确认；
6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快读邮寄）。
7完成交易删除客户资料
高精端提供以下服务：
一：新西兰林肯大学新西兰林肯大学毕业证文凭证书全套材料从防伪到印刷水印底纹到钢印烫金
二：真实使馆认证（留学人员回国证明）使馆存档
三：真实教育部认证教育部存档教育部留服网站可查
四：留信认证留学生信息网站可查
五：与学校颁发的相关证件1:1纸质尺寸制定（定期向各大院校毕业生购买最新版本毕,业证成绩单保证您拿到的是鲁昂大学内部最新版本毕业证成绩单微信176555708）
A.为什么留学生需要操作留信认证?
留信认证全称全国留学生信息服务网认证,隶属于北京中科院。①留信认证门槛条件更低,费用更美丽,并且包过,完单周期短,效率高②留信认证虽然不能去国企,但是一般的公司都没有问题,因为国内很多公司连基本的留学生学历认证都不了解。这对于留学生来说,这就比自己光拿一个证书更有说服力,因为留学学历可以在留信网站上进行查询!
B.为什么我们提供的毕业证成绩单具有使用价值？
查询留服认证是国内鉴别留学生海外学历的唯一途径但认证只是个体行为不是所有留学生都操作所以没有办理认证的留学生的学历在国内也是查询不到的他们也仅仅只有一张文凭。所以这时候我们提供的和学校颁发的一模一样的毕业证成绩单就有了使用价值。
办理新西兰奥克兰大学毕业证学位证书范本原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【新西兰奥克兰大学毕业证学位证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理毕业证(UPenn毕业证)宾夕法尼亚大学毕业证成绩单快速办理
官方原版办理宾夕法尼亚大学毕业证【微信176555708】学历认证怎么做：原版仿制宾夕法尼亚大学电子版成绩单毕业证认证【宾夕法尼亚大学毕业证成绩单】、宾夕法尼亚大学文凭证书成绩单复刻offer录取通知书、购买UPenn圣力嘉学院本科毕业证、【宾夕法尼亚大学毕业证办理UPenn毕业证书哪里买】、宾夕法尼亚大学 Offer在线办理UPenn Offer宾夕法尼亚大学Bachloer Degree。（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
◆◆◆◆◆ — — — — — — — — 【留学教育】留学归国服务中心 — — — — — -◆◆◆◆◆
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【微信：176555708】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微信：176555708】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
学历顾问：微信：176555708
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EMBA - From Firmware to Exploit - BHEU22
- 2. @BlackHatEvents # whoami Michael Messner Penetration tester Firmware analysis Hardware analysis Siemens Energy AG @s3cur1ty_de https://github.com/m-1-k-3 @ michael.messner@siemens-energy.com
- 4. What the firmware analysis • Firmware is the operating system • Firmware is most exploited * • 32% of firmware has more then 10 critical KNOWN vulnerabilities ** • Firmware analysis is more important than ever * Source https://eclypsium.com/2022/06/28/know-your-enemy-and-yourself-a-deep-dive-on-cisa-kev/ ** Source https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/business/microsoft-digital-defense-report-2022
- 5. The typical workflow • Do some strings • Do some binwalk/unblob • Do some find • Do some regex • Do a lot of research (aka Google it) • Load something into IDA/Ghidra • Find weaknesses, vulnerabilities, interesting areas
- 6. EMBA to the rescue Get the firmware (vendor, hardware) Extract the firmware (e.g., Linux filesystem, Kernel) Analyze the firmware Report all the things
- 7. Get the firmware • Updates from vendor / web site • Shell access – copy the filesystem via scp, ftp, tftp, nc or to storage device • Other vulnerabilities e.g., command injection • JTAG / SWD • Communication sniffing (e.g., SPI) • Desolder Flash memory and extract the content
- 8. The well known way Binwalk/Unblob all the things
- 9. The EMBA extraction process EMBA extraction classifier Identify Linux root filesystem Ext/UFS filesystems VMWare images Encrypted images Special images Other systems Mount & copy Mount & copy Decrypt (leaked keys) Custom tool Binwalk EMBA analyzer Deep extraction Ext/UFS filesystems VMWare images Encrypted images Special images Other systems Mount & copy Mount & copy Decrypt (leaked keys) Custom tool (e.g. Freetz NG) Binwalk Identify Linux root filesystem OK Not OK Always Basic compression Extract (patool)
- 10. Finally, we have something extracted Which files and directories are there? Which binaries, configuration files, … Which architecture are we dealing with? Which binary protections are in use? Which Software versions in use? Is some outdated software in use? Which areas are from the vendor, which are open source? Where are possible weak spots or interesting functions used? Which kernel? Are there hard-coded passwords? Scripting issues (shell, python, php, …)? Insecure permissions? Weak configurations? Public exploits? Dynamic analysis? Reporting EMBA analyzer modules
- 11. @BlackHatEvents System mode emulation Fully automated
- 12. What is emulation? In computing, an emulator is hardware or software that enables one computer system (called the host) to behave like another computer system (called the guest). An emulator typically enables the host system to run software or use peripheral devices designed for the guest system.* * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emulator
- 13. Modes of emulation • User-mode emulation QEMU can launch Linux processes compiled for one CPU on another CPU, translating syscalls on the fly.
- 14. Modes of emulation • System-mode emulation QEMU emulates a full system, including a processor and various peripherals such as disk, ethernet controller etc. Challenges: • Architecture • Kernel • Filesystem • Peripherals • Furthermore
- 15. EMBA live tester modules • Full system mode emulation goes to automated firmware analysis • Based on firmadyne and FirmAE* • Both projects are not actively maintained anymore • Complete re-implementation as EMBA modules • Automated testing of emulation and basic checks as additional testing modules • Multiple improvements of emulation capabilities are already in place • NEW: Metasploit integration • NEW: Enhanced architecture support (ARM64, MIPS64, x86) • Further room for future improvements (e.g., more architectures) * https://github.com/firmadyne/firmadyne and https://github.com/pr0v3rbs/FirmAE/
- 16. EMBA live tester modules - Benchmark* * https://github.com/pr0v3rbs/FirmAE/#dataset
- 17. Focus on the real threats
- 18. Demo time