Elf文件解析
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The document discusses the ELF file format structure used for object files in embedded systems. It describes the ELF file header, section headers, string table, symbol table entries, and relocation entries. It also provides details on using makefiles and various commands like nm to generate symbol tables from object files during compilation.
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Similar to Elf文件解析
selection_sort..c#include stdio.hheader file input output func.pdf
selection_sort..c
#include //header file input output function
#define N 10//default value N=10
void selection_sort(int a[], int n);//function declaration
int *find_largest(int a[], int n);//function declaration
void swap(int *p, int *q);//function declaration
int main(void)
{//main function
int i;
int a[N];//variable declaration
int x,y;
printf(\"Enter %d numbers to be sorted: \", N);
for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
scanf(\"%d\", &a[i]);//keyboard inputting
selection_sort(a, N);//calling method
printf(\"In sorted order:\");
for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
printf(\" %d\", a[i]);
printf(\"\ \");
printf(\"largest element in the array :\");
*find_largest(a,N);//calling method
printf(\"\ Enter two variables for swapping :\");
scanf(\"%d\",&x);
scanf(\"%d\",&y);
swap(&x,&y);
return 0;
}
void selection_sort(int a[], int n)
{//function definition
int i, largest = 0, temp;
if (n == 1)
return;
for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
if (a[i] > a[largest])
largest = i;//selection sort logic
if (largest < n - 1) {
temp = a[n-1];
a[n-1] = a[largest];
a[largest] = temp;
}
selection_sort(a, n - 1);
}
int *find_largest(int *a, int n)
{//function definition
for(int i=1;i if you want to find smallest element*/
*a=*(a+i);
}
printf(\"%d\",*a);
}
void swap(int *p, int *q)
{//function definition
*p = *p + *q; // x now becomes 15
*q = *p - *q; // y becomes 10
*p = *p - *q; // x becomes 5
printf(\"After swapping of values :\");
printf(\"%d %d\ \",*p,*q);
}
output
Enter 10 numbers to be sorted: 562 1 344 6 4 3 2 4 67 8
In sorted order: 1 2 3 4 4 6 8 67 344 562
largest element in the array :562
Enter two variables for swapping :10 20
After swapping of
values :20 10
Solution
selection_sort..c
#include //header file input output function
#define N 10//default value N=10
void selection_sort(int a[], int n);//function declaration
int *find_largest(int a[], int n);//function declaration
void swap(int *p, int *q);//function declaration
int main(void)
{//main function
int i;
int a[N];//variable declaration
int x,y;
printf(\"Enter %d numbers to be sorted: \", N);
for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
scanf(\"%d\", &a[i]);//keyboard inputting
selection_sort(a, N);//calling method
printf(\"In sorted order:\");
for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
printf(\" %d\", a[i]);
printf(\"\ \");
printf(\"largest element in the array :\");
*find_largest(a,N);//calling method
printf(\"\ Enter two variables for swapping :\");
scanf(\"%d\",&x);
scanf(\"%d\",&y);
swap(&x,&y);
return 0;
}
void selection_sort(int a[], int n)
{//function definition
int i, largest = 0, temp;
if (n == 1)
return;
for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
if (a[i] > a[largest])
largest = i;//selection sort logic
if (largest < n - 1) {
temp = a[n-1];
a[n-1] = a[largest];
a[largest] = temp;
}
selection_sort(a, n - 1);
}
int *find_largest(int *a, int n)
{//function definition
for(int i=1;i if you want to find smallest element*/
*a=*(a+i);
}
printf(\"%d\",*a);
}
void swap(int *p, int *q)
{//function definition
*p = *p + *q; // x now becomes 15
*q = *p - *q; // y becomes 10
*p = *p - *q; // x bec.
VTU Data Structures Lab Manual
The document contains programs for various data structures and algorithms concepts in C language. It includes programs for 1) array operations using menu driven program, 2) string operations like pattern matching, 3) stack operations using array implementation, 4) infix to postfix conversion, 5) evaluation of postfix expression and tower of Hanoi problem using stack, 6) circular queue operations using array, 7) linked list operations on student data, and 8) doubly linked list operations on employee data. Each section provides the full code for a menu driven program to perform various operations on the given data structure.
1sequences and sampling. Suppose we went to sample the x-axis from X.pdf
1sequences and sampling. Suppose we went to sample the x-axis from Xmin to Xmax using a
step size of step
A)Draw a picture of what is going on.
B) Write a expression for n the total number of samples involved (in terms of Xmin, Xmax and
step)
C) Write out the sequence of x-samples
D) Write a direct and general expression for xi that captures the sequence
E) Write a recursive expression for the sequence
F) Write a program to compute and store the x-samples over the range -5x5 using a step size of
0.1 do everything in main ()
2 . We talked about the following string functions that are available in C (as long as you include
string.h):
int strlen(char str[])
void strcpy(char str1[], char str2[])
void strcat(char str1[], str2[])
Write your own versions of these functions; for example: int paul_strlen(int char str[]). Hint: for
your version of the strlen function, start at the first character in the array and keep counting until
you find the ‘\\0’ character (use a while loop for this). Note: Use your version of the strlen
function in the strcpy and strcat functions.
9. We want to insert a number into an array.
(a) Formulate the problem mathematically with two sequences: x and y. (b) Write a function of
the form:
insertNumIntoArray(int n, int array[], int num, int index)
The function inserts num into the array at the specified index. The rest of the array then follows.
For example, if num = 9 and index = 3 and array = [7 2 8 8 3 1 2] then the function will produce:
array = [7 2 8 9 8 3 1 2]
Note: assume that array is properly dimensioned to have at least 1 extra space for storage.
10. Repeat #2 by for the delete operation; that is, we want to delete a single element (at a
specified index) from an array; for example, suppose index = 3 and array = [50 70 10 90 60 20],
then the result will be
array: [50 70 10 60 20]
11. Repeat #2 by for an insert operation where we are inserting several values into the array. The
function should be of the form:
int insertArrayIntoArray(int n, int inArray[],
int nInsert, int insertArray[], int outArray[], int index)
The dimension of outArray is returned (explicitly). For example:
inArrayarray: [7 2 8 6 3 9]
insertArray: [50 60 70]
index: 2
outArray: [7 2 50 60 70 8 6 3 9]
Assume that outArray is large enough to hold all n + nInsert values.
Solution
#include
//Simulates strlen() library function
int paul_strlen(char str[])
{
int l;
for(l = 0; str[l] != \'\\0\'; l++) ;
return l;
}
//Simulates strcpy() library function
void paul_strcpy(char str1[], char str2[])
{
int c;
for(c = 0; str1[c] != \'\\0\'; c++)
str2[c] = str1[c];
str2[c] = \'\\0\';
printf(\"\ Original String: %s\", str1);
printf(\"\ Copied String: %s\", str2);
}
//Simulates strcat() library function
void paul_strcat(char str1[], char str2[])
{
int i, j;
for(i = 0; str1[i] != \'\\0\'; i++) ;
for (j = 0; str2[j] != \'\\0\'; i++, j++)
{
str1[i] = str2[j];
}
str1[i] = \'\\0\';
printf(\"\ Concatenated String: %s\", str1);
}
int main()
{
char data1[20], data2[20];
pri.
III MCS python lab (1).pdf
The document contains 14 code snippets demonstrating various Python programming concepts:
1) Arithmetic and relational operators on integers
2) List methods like insert, remove, append etc.
3) Temperature conversion between Celsius and Fahrenheit
4) Calculating student marks percentage and grade
5) Printing Fibonacci series
6) Matrix addition and multiplication
7) Function to check if character is a vowel
8) Reading last 5 lines of a file
9) Importing and using math and random modules
10) Multithreading concept
11) Creating a 3D object plot
12) Creating and displaying a histogram
13) Plotting sine, cosine and polynomial curves
14) Creating a pulse vs height graph
C lab manaual
The document contains C code snippets for various programming problems including calculating the area of shapes, finding roots of quadratic equations, sorting arrays, matrix multiplication, and more. The last problem is a program to list the names of students who scored over 60% total marks across three subjects, using a structure variable to store student data.
Basic C Programming Lab Practice
The document contains the answers to 12 tasks/problems involving C programming concepts like arrays, matrices, strings, functions, recursion, structures, files etc. Each answer provides the full code to solve the problem. The tasks include programs to sort arrays, add matrices, count characters in strings, check palindromes, find prime numbers using functions, calculate factorials and Fibonacci terms recursively, define nested structures, and read/write numbers to files.
Academy PRO: ES2015
Lecture for Binary Studio Academy PRO course about ReactJS by Nikita Semenistiy (TechLead & JS developer at Binary Studio)
Hangman Game Programming in C (coding)
My project for Programming in C during my foundation study. A very useful and simple coding for beginners.
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The document describes exercises on structures and strings in C programming. It defines a structure called _PLAYER to store details of players like name, date of birth, height and weight. It then shows how to define the structure, read and print records of multiple players from an array of _PLAYER structures. Functions are defined to find the tallest player, print names in descending order of height, check character cases, convert case of characters in a string, and compute operations on structures like distance between points.
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This document describes a C program for a train ticket reservation system. The program allows the user to select their destination, number of passengers, and ticket class (business or economy). It then calculates and displays the ticket price, meal expenses, departure time, and total cost. The program uses macros to define repeated text and switches to handle different destination and class options. It calls a menu function that allows the user to make selections and see the results.
2Bytesprog2 course_2014_c1_sets
This document contains program code and notes about programming concepts like procedures, functions, variables, sets, and arrays. It discusses different types of variables, set operations, reading and printing sets, and provides examples of code for inputting and outputting sets. It also provides exercises for students to practice creating programs that work with student data stored in sets and arrays.
2Bytesprog2 course_2014_c1_sets
This document contains program code and notes about programming concepts like procedures, functions, variables, sets, and arrays. It discusses different types of variables, set operations, reading and printing sets, and provides examples of code for procedures to input and output sets. It also provides exercises asking the reader to write a program to manage student enrollment in math and English classes using sets and arrays.
#include stdio.h#include stdlib.h#include string.h#inclu.pdf
#include
#include
#include
#include
/*Structure for storing words received from each thread*/
struct return_val{
char wordlist[100][100];
int count[100];
} *arr;
pthread_t *threads;
int lines;
/*Aggregates Frequency Sum of different threads*/
int aggregate(char *a)
{
int sum = 0;
int i=0;
while(1)
{
if(i==lines) break;
int count = 0;
while(1)
{
if(arr[i].count[count] == -1)
{
break;
}
if(strcmp(a,arr[i].wordlist[count]) == 0)
{
sum += arr[i].count[count];
arr[i].count[count] = 0;
}
count++;
}
i++;
}
return sum;
}
/*Function executed by each thread on separate line*/
void *word_count(void* num)
{
int *ln = num;
unsigned int line_number = *ln;
line_number++;
char cmd_p1[9] = \"sed -n \'\\0\";
char cmd_p2[2];
sprintf(cmd_p2,\"%d\",line_number);
char cmd_p3[14] = \"p\' \'file.txt\'\\0\";
char command[100];
command[0] = \'\\0\';
strcat(command,cmd_p1);
strcat(command,cmd_p2);
strcat(command,cmd_p3);
//usleep(line_number);
char cmd[100] = \" | tr [:space:] \'\\\ \' | grep -v \'^\\\\s*$\' | sort | uniq -c | sort\\0\";
strcat(command,cmd);
FILE *in;
in= popen(command, \"r\");
rewind(in);
char buff[50];
int counter = 0;
while(fgets(buff,sizeof(buff),in))
{
char c=\' \';
int i = 0;
int cnt = atoi(buff);
arr[line_number-1].count[counter] = cnt;
while(c!=\'\\0\')
{
c=buff[i];
buff[i]=buff[i+6];
i++;
}
int cnnt = 0;
while(c!=\' \')
{
c = buff[cnnt];
cnnt++;
}
i=0;
while(c!=\'\\0\')
{
c=buff[i];
buff[i]=buff[i+cnnt];
i++;
}
sprintf(arr[line_number-1].wordlist[counter],\"%s\",buff);
counter++;
}
arr[line_number-1].count[counter] = -1;
fclose(in);
return NULL;
}
int main(void)
{
FILE *fp;
fp = fopen(\"file.txt\",\"r\");
char a[200];
lines = 0;
void *status = NULL;
while(fgets(a,sizeof(a),fp) !=NULL)
{
lines++;
}
fclose(fp);
arr = (struct return_val*) calloc(lines, sizeof(struct return_val) * lines);
threads = malloc(sizeof(pthread_t)*lines);
int i;
for(i=0;i= 0)
{
if(arr[i].count[ctr] > 0)
{
strcpy(final[final_ctr],arr[i].wordlist[ctr]);
final_cnt[final_ctr] = arr[i].count[ctr];
arr[i].count[ctr] = 0;
int sum = aggregate(arr[i].wordlist[ctr]);
final_cnt[final_ctr] += sum;
printf(\"%d %s\",final_cnt[final_ctr],final[final_ctr]);
}
ctr++; final_ctr++;
}
i++;
if(i==lines)
{
break;
}
}
free(arr);
return 0;
}
#include
#include
#include
#include
/*Structure for storing words received from each thread*/
struct return_val{
char wordlist[100][100];
int count[100];
} *arr;
pthread_t *threads;
int lines;
/*Aggregates Frequency Sum of different threads*/
int aggregate(char *a)
{
int sum = 0;
int i=0;
while(1)
{
if(i==lines) break;
int count = 0;
while(1)
{
if(arr[i].count[count] == -1)
{
break;
}
if(strcmp(a,arr[i].wordlist[count]) == 0)
{
sum += arr[i].count[count];
arr[i].count[count] = 0;
}
count++;
}
i++;
}
return sum;
}
/*Function executed by each thread on separate line*/
void *word_count(void* num)
{
int *ln = num;
unsigned int line_number = *ln;
line_number++;
char cmd_p1[9] = \"sed -n \'\\0\";
char cmd_p2[2];
sprintf(cmd_p2,\"%d\",line_number);
char cmd_p3[14] .
week-7x
The document contains code for a C program that counts the lines, words, and characters in a given text. It prompts the user to enter text with a space between each word and press return when finished. It then counts the number of lines by checking for newline characters, words by checking for spaces, and characters by using strlen. It prints the number of lines, words, and characters in the input text.
perl_lessons
This document provides an overview of the Perl programming language. It discusses key Perl concepts like numbers, strings, variables, arrays, comparison operators, and control structures. Some key points covered include how Perl handles numeric and string data types, how to define and assign variables, how to perform basic operations on numbers and strings, and how to use common control structures like if/else, while loops, and foreach loops. The document also provides examples of working with arrays and lists in Perl.
perl_lessons
This document provides a tutorial on the Perl programming language. It covers basic Perl concepts like numbers, strings, variables, arrays, and control structures. Key points include double-precision numbers, single and double-quoted strings, scalar and array variables, comparison and logical operators, and functions for input/output, flow control and array manipulation. The document aims to teach Perl fundamentals through examples and exercises.
DAA Lab File C Programs
The document contains 10 programs related to sorting and graph algorithms. Program 1-7 implement different sorting algorithms - insertion sort, selection sort, heap sort, quick sort, counting sort, merge sort and radix sort. Program 8 implements the greedy knapsack problem. Program 9 implements the travelling salesman problem. Program 10 implements Kruskal's algorithm to find the minimum spanning tree of a graph.
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- 10. 1. Upload Sky shell with 'exec' command and symbols (requires several recompilations to generate correct symbols): > make sky-shell-exec.sky 编译内核 > make sky-shell-exec.sky CORE=sky-shell-exec.sky 生成symbols > make sky-shell-exec.upload CORE=sky-shell-exec.sky 再次编译内核 如果直接执行第二条命令，可以生成sky-shell-exec.sky ， symbols为空，
- 11. Symbols怎么生成 • Makefile.msp430中 ifdef CORE symbols.c: # @${CONTIKI}/tools/msp430-make-symbols $(CORE) $(NM) $(CORE) | awk -f $(CONTIKI)/tools/mknmlist > symbols.c else symbols.c symbols.h: @${CONTIKI}/tools/make-empty-symbols Endif
- 12. 命令 • Msp430-nm - list symbols from object files • awk [options] -f scriptfile var=value file(s) awk是一种编程语言，用于在linux/unix下对文本和数据进 行处理。数据可以来自标准输入、一个或多个文件，或其 它命令的输出。它支持用户自定义函数和动态正则表达式 等先进功能，是linux/unix下的一个强大编程工具。它在命 令行中使用，但更多是作为脚本来使用。awk的处理文本 和数据的方式是这样的，它逐行扫描文件，从第一行到最 后一行，寻找匹配的特定模式的行，并在这些行上进行你 想要的操作。如果没有指定处理动作，则把匹配的行显示 到标准输出(屏幕)，如果没有指定模式，则所有被操作所 指定的行都被处理。
- 13. mknmlist /^[0123456789abcdef]+ [ABCDGRSTUVW] / { if ($3 != "symbols" && $3 != "symbols_nelts") { name[nname] = $3; nname++; function sort(V, N, tmp, i, j) { } V[-1] = ""; # Used as a sentinel before V[0]. } for (i = 1; i < N; i++) for (j = i; V[j - 1] > V[j]; j--) { END { tmp = V[j]; sort(name, nname); V[j] = V[j - 1]; V[j - 1] = tmp; } print "#include "loader/symbols.h"n"; return; } # Must deal with compiler builtins etc. for (x = 0; x < nname; x++) { BEGIN { if (builtin[name[x]] != "") nname = 0; print builtin[name[x]] ";"; builtin["printf"] = "int printf(const char *, ...)"; else builtin["sprintf"] = "int sprintf(char *, const print "extern int " name[x]"();"; char *, ...)"; } builtin["malloc"] = "void *malloc()"; print "n"; builtin["calloc"] = "void *calloc()"; builtin["memcpy"] = "void *memcpy()"; # nname++: An { 0, 0 } entry is added at the end of the vector. builtin["memset"] = "void *memset()"; print "const int symbols_nelts = " nname+1 ";"; builtin["memmove"] = "void *memmove()"; print "const struct symbols symbols[" nname+1 "] = {"; builtin["strcpy"] = "char *strcpy()"; for (x = 0; x < nname; x++) builtin["strchr"] = "char *strchr()"; print "{ "" name[x] "", (void *)&"name[x]" },"; builtin[""] = ""; print "{ (const char *)0, (void *)0} };"; } }