The document contains 14 code snippets demonstrating various Python programming concepts: 1) Arithmetic and relational operators on integers 2) List methods like insert, remove, append etc. 3) Temperature conversion between Celsius and Fahrenheit 4) Calculating student marks percentage and grade 5) Printing Fibonacci series 6) Matrix addition and multiplication 7) Function to check if character is a vowel 8) Reading last 5 lines of a file 9) Importing and using math and random modules 10) Multithreading concept 11) Creating a 3D object plot 12) Creating and displaying a histogram 13) Plotting sine, cosine and polynomial curves 14) Creating a pulse vs height graph

1. 1. Python program to demonstrate Arithmetic and Relational operators.
x = 15
y = 4
print('x + y =',x+y)
print('x - y =',x-y)
print('x * y =',x*y)
print('x / y =',x/y)
print('x // y =',x//y)
print('x ** y =',x**y)
print('x > y is',x>y)
print('x < y is',x<y)
print('x == y is',x==y)
print('x != y is',x!=y)
print('x >= y is',x>=y)
print('x <= y is',x<=y)

2. OUTPUT

3. 2. Python program to Create a list and perform the following methods 1) insert()
2) remove() 3) append() 4) len() 5) pop() 6) clear()
a=[1,3,5,6,7,[3,4,5],"hello"]
print(a)
a.insert(3,20)
print(a)
a.remove(7)
print(a)
a.append("hi")
print(a)
len(a)
print(a)
a.pop()
print(a)
a.pop(6)
print(a)
a.clear()
print(a)

4. OUTPUT

5. 3. Write a Python program to convert temperatures to and from Celsius and
Fahrenheit.
temp = input("Input the temperature you like to convert? (e.g., 45F, 102C etc.) : ")
degree = int(temp[:-1])
i_convention = temp[-1]
if i_convention.upper() == "C":
result = int(round((9 * degree) / 5 + 32))
o_convention = "Fahrenheit"
elif i_convention.upper() == "F":
result = int(round((degree - 32) * 5 / 9))
o_convention = "Celsius"
else:
print("Input proper convention.")
quit()
print("The temperature in", o_convention, "is", result, "degrees.")
OUTPUT

6. 4. Python Program to Calculate Total Marks Percentage and Grade of a Student
print("Enter the marks of five subjects::")
subject_1 = float (input ())
subject_2 = float (input ())
subject_3 = float (input ())
subject_4 = float (input ())
subject_5 = float (input ())
total, average, percentage, grade = None, None, None, None
# It will calculate the Total, Average and Percentage
total = subject_1 + subject_2 + subject_3 + subject_4 + subject_5
average = total / 5.0
percentage = (total / 500.0) * 100
if average >= 90:
grade = 'A'
elif average >= 80 and average < 90:
grade = 'B'
elif average >= 70 and average < 80:
grade = 'C'
elif average >= 60 and average < 70:
grade = 'D'
else:
grade = 'E'
# It will produce the final output
print ("nThe Total marks is: t", total, "/ 500.00")

7. print ("nThe Average marks is: t", average)
print ("nThe Percentage is: t", percentage, "%")
print ("nThe Grade is: t", grade)
OUTPUT

8. 5. Write a program to print Fibonacci series up to n terms in python
num = 10
n1, n2 = 0, 1
print("Fibonacci Series:", n1, n2, end=" ")
for i in range(2, num):
n3 = n1 + n2
n1 = n2
n2 = n3
print(n3, end=" ")
print()
OUTPUT

9. 6. Write a Python program to calculate the sum and product of two compatible
Matrices
X = [[1,2,3],
[4 ,5,6],
[7 ,8,9]]
Y = [[9,8,7],
[6,5,4],
[3,2,1]]
print("Addition of two matrices")
result = [[X[i][j] + Y[i][j] for j in range
(len(X[0]))] for i in range(len(X))]
for r in result:
print(r)
# 3x3 matrix
X = [[12,7,3],
[4 ,5,6],
[7 ,8,9]]
# 3x4 matrix
Y = [[5,8,1,2],
[6,7,3,0],
[4,5,9,1]]
print("Multiplication of two matrices")

10. # result is 3x4
result = [[0,0,0,0],
[0,0,0,0],
[0,0,0,0]]
# iterate through rows of X
for i in range(len(X)):
# iterate through columns of Y
for j in range(len(Y[0])):
# iterate through rows of Y
for k in range(len(Y)):
result[i][j] += X[i][k] * Y[k][j]
for r in result:
print(r)
OUTPUT

11. 7.Write a function that takes a character and returns true if it is a vowel, false
otherwise.
def vowel(x):
if x in ["a", "e", "i", "o", "u", "A", "E", "I", "O", "U"]:
return "True"
else:
return "False "
a = input ("Enter the letter :- ")
print (vowel(a))
OUTPUT

12. 8. Python program to read last 5 lines of a file
f=open('myfile.txt', 'w')
f.write('line1')
f.close()
f=open('myfile.txt','a')
f.write('nline2')
f.write('nline3')
f.write('nline4')
f.write('nline5')
f.write('nline6')
f.write('nline7')
f.write('nline8')
f.write('nline9')
f.write('nline10')
f.close()
# Python implementation to
# read last N lines of a file
# Function to read
# last N lines of the file
def LastNlines(fname, N):

13. # opening file using with() method
# so that file get closed
# after completing work
with open(fname) as file:
# loop to read iterate
# last n lines and print it
for line in (file.readlines() [-N:]):
print(line, end ='')
# Driver Code:
if __name__ == '__main__':
fname = 'myfile.txt'
N = 5
try:
LastNlines(fname, N)
except:
print('File not found')

14. OUTPUT

15. 9.Demonstration of Modules in Python
# importing built-in module math
import math
# using square root(sqrt) function contained
# in math module
print(math.sqrt(25))
# using pi function contained in math module
print(math.pi)
# 2 radians = 114.59 degrees
print(math.degrees(2))
# 60 degrees = 1.04 radians
print(math.radians(60))
# Sine of 2 radians
print(math.sin(2))
# Cosine of 0.5 radians
print(math.cos(0.5))
# Tangent of 0.23 radians
print(math.tan(0.23))
# 1 * 2 * 3 * 4 = 24
print(math.factorial(4))
# importing built in module random
import random
# printing random integer between 0 and 5

16. print(random.randint(0, 5))
# print random floating point number between 0 and 1
print(random.random())
# random number between 0 and 100
print(random.random() * 100)
List = [1, 4, True, 800, "python", 27, "hello"]
# using choice function in random module for choosing
# a random element from a set such as a list
print(random.choice(List))
# importing built in module datetime
import datetime
from datetime import date
import time
# Returns the number of seconds since the
# Unix Epoch, January 1st 1970
print(time.time())
# Converts a number of seconds to a date object
print(date.fromtimestamp(454554))

17. OUTPUT

18. 10. Multithreading in python
# Python program to illustrate the concept
# of threading
import threading
import os
def task1():
print("Task 1 assigned to thread: {}".format(threading.current_thread().name))
print("ID of process running task 1: {}".format(os.getpid()))
def task2():
print("nTask 2 assigned to thread: {}".format(threading.current_thread().name))
print("nID of process running task 2: {}".format(os.getpid()))
if __name__ == "__main__":
# print ID of current process
print("ID of process running main program: {}".format(os.getpid()))
# print name of main thread
print("Main thread name: {}".format(threading.current_thread().name))
# creating threads
t1 = threading.Thread(target=task1, name='t1')
t2 = threading.Thread(target=task2, name='t2')
# starting threads
t1.start()
t2.start()
# wait until all threads finish
t1.join()
t2.join()

19. OUTPUT

20. 11. Write a python program to create 3D object
from matplotlib import cm
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
theta1 = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 100)
r1 = np.linspace(-2, 0, 100)
t1, R1 = np.meshgrid(theta1, r1)
X1 = R1*np.cos(t1)
Y1 = R1*np.sin(t1)
Z1 = 5+R1*2.5
theta2 = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 100)
r2 = np.linspace(0, 2, 100)
t2, R2 = np.meshgrid(theta2, r2)
X2 = R2*np.cos(t2)
Y2 = R2*np.sin(t2)
Z2 = -5+R2*2.5
ax.set_xlabel('x axis')
ax.set_ylabel('y axis')
ax.set_zlabel('z axis')
# ax.set_xlim(-2.5, 2.5)
# ax.set_ylim(-2.5, 2.5)

21. # ax.set_zlim(0, 5)
ax.set_aspect('equal')
ax.plot_surface(X1, Y1, Z1, alpha=0.8, color="blue")
ax.plot_surface(X2, Y2, Z2, alpha=0.8, color="blue")
# ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, alpha=0.8)
#fig. savefig ("Cone.png", dpi=100, transparent = False)
plt.show()

22. OUTPUT

23. 12. Read n integers and display them as a histogram
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import colors
from matplotlib.ticker import PercentFormatter
# Creating dataset
np.random.seed(23685752)
N_points = 10000
n_bins = 20
# Creating distribution
x = np.random.randn(N_points)
y = .8 ** x + np.random.randn(10000) + 25
# Creating histogram
fig, axs = plt.subplots(1, 1,
figsize =(10, 7),
tight_layout = True)
axs.hist(x, bins = n_bins)
# Show plot
plt.show()

24. OUTPUT

25. 13. Display Sine, cosine & polynomial
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
def sine_curve():
Fs= 8000
f=5
sample = 8000
x=np.arange(sample)
y=np.sin(2*np.pi*f*x/Fs)
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.xlabel('voltage(V)')
plt.ylabel('sample(n)')
plt.show()
def cosine_curve():
Fs = 8000
f= 5
sample= 8000
x = np.arange(sample)
y = np.cos(2*np.pi*f*x/Fs)
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.xlabel('voltage(V)')
plt.ylabel('sample(n)')
plt.show()
def polynomial_curve():

26. x= np.arange(-5, 5, 0.25)
y= np.arange(-5, 5, 0.25)
X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y)
F= 3+2*X + 4*X*Y + 5*X*X
fig= plt.figure()
ax= fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
ax.plot_surface(X, Y, F)
plt.show()
def menu():
print('1. Sine Curve')
print('2. Cosine Curve')
print('3. Polynomial Curve')
ch = 'y'
while(ch=='y'):
menu()
choice = int(input('Enter choice...'))
if(choice ==1):
sine_curve()
elif(choice==2):
cosine_curve()
elif(choice==3):
polynomial_curve()
else:
print('Wrong choice')
ch = input('Do you want to continue (y/n)...')

27. OUTPUT
Sine

28. Cosine
Polynomial

29. 14. Pulse vs Height graph
import scipy.interpolate as inter
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
p, h = list(), list()
print("Pulse vs Height Graph:-n")
n = input("How many records? ")
print("nEnter the pulse rate values: ")
for i in range(int(n)):
pn = input()
p.append(int(pn))
x = np.array(p)
print("nEnter the height values: ")
for i in range(int(n)):
hn = input()
h.append(int(hn))
y = np.array(h)
print("nPulse vs Height graph is generated!")
z = np.arange(x.min(), x.max(), 0.01)

30. s = inter.InterpolatedUnivariateSpline(x, y)
plt.plot (x, y, 'b.')
plt.plot (z, s(z), 'g-')
plt.xlabel('Pulse')
plt.ylabel('Height')
plt.title('Pulse vs Height Graph')
plt.show()

31. OUTPUT:

32. 15. Write a Python function that takes two lists and returns True if they
have at least one common member.
def test_includes_any(nums, lsts):
for x in lsts:
if x in nums:
return True
return False
def underline(text):
print("u0332".join(text))
underline("Case - I : No Common Elements")
print(test_includes_any([10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60], [22, 42]))
def underline(text):
print("u0332".join(text))
underline("Case - II : At least one Common Element")
print(test_includes_any([10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60], [20, 80]))

33. OUTPUT

34. 16. Write a Python program to print a specified list after removing the
0th,2nd,4th and 5th elements.
color = ['Red', 'Green', 'White', 'Black', 'Pink', 'Yellow','Orange','Blue']
color = [x for (i,x) in enumerate(color) if i not in (0,2,4,5)]
print(color)
OUTPUT

35. 17. Write a python program to implement exception handling
# Program to handle multiple errors with one
# except statement
# Python 3
def fun(a):
if a < 4:
# throws ZeroDivisionError for a = 3
b = a/(a-3)
# throws NameError if a >= 4
print("Value of b = ", b)
try:
fun(3)
fun(5)
# note that braces () are necessary here for
# multiple exceptions
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("ZeroDivisionError Occurred and Handled")
except NameError:
print("NameError Occurred and Handled")

36. OUTPUT

37. 18. Write a python program to change background color of Tkinter Option Menu
widget
# Python program to change menu background
# color of Tkinter's Option Menu
# Import the library tkinter
from tkinter import *
# Create a GUI app
app = Tk()
# Give title to your GUI app
app.title("DRW App")
# Construct the label in your app
l1 = Label(app, text="Choose the week day here")
# Display the label l1
l1.grid()
# Construct the Options Menu widget in your app
text1 = StringVar()
# Set the value you wish to see by default
text1.set("Choose here")
# Create options from the Option Menu
w = OptionMenu(app, text1, "Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday",
"Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday")
# Se the background color of Options Menu to green
w.config(bg="GREEN", fg="WHITE")
# Set the background color of Displayed Options to Red
w["menu"].config(bg="RED")

38. # Display the Options Menu
w.grid(pady=20)
# Make the loop for displaying app
app.mainloop()
OUTPUT