This document outlines the components, operation, and advantages/disadvantages of an electronic voting machine (EVM) system using an 8051 microcontroller. The key components of the EVM include an 8051 microcontroller, LCD display, control switches, and input keys. It operates by displaying voting modes and counting totals, with authority switches to control the voting process. Advantages include lower cost and time requirements compared to traditional systems, while disadvantages include needing external memory chips and a continuous power supply.

1. BY
A.MANIKANTA(11621A0401)
B.PRABHU KIRAN(11621A0407)

2. OUTLINE
 Introduction
 Components list
 Block diagram
 Description
 Microcontroller 8051
 Principle of operation
 Advantages and Disadvantages
 Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION
 Traditionally, a voting machine has been defined by the
mechanism the system uses to cast votes and categorized by the
location where the system tabulates the votes. With
advancement in technology EVM came into picture.
 It ensures flawless voting and thus has become more
widespread.Retains all the characteristics of voting while
making it more expedient.
 Certain systems may be more or less accessible to all voters, or
not accessible to those voters with certain of disabilities. They
can also have an effect on the public's ability to oversee
elections types.

4. COMPONENTS LIST
 Micro controller 8051(AT89C51)
 LED
 LCD(16*2Alphanumaric)
 Power supply
 Control switches

5. Contd….
 Buzzer
 Connecting wires
 PCB or bread board

6. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

7. BLOCK DIAGRAM

8. DESCRIPTION
 The electronic voting machine consists of four blocks
 Microcontroller
 Control switches
 LCD display
 Input keys

9. MICROCONTROLLER 8051
 Microcontroller 8051 is designed in 1980’s by Intel.
 It is a computer on chip type.
 It is 40 pin dip type ic.
 It is designed for performing special type operation to do
specific jobs.

10. Contd…….
 It has four sets of i/o pins which can be used both input and
output operations.
 It contains four ports.
 Each port contains 8 pins.
 The pin configuration is shown below

11. PIN DIAGRAM OF 8051

12. Contd…..
 Pins 1-8:it is said to be port 1 and it is used for input/output
operations.
 Pin 9 is a reset pin.
 Pins 10-17: it is port 3 is also used for input/output operations
but specially it has alternate operations
1. Pin 10(RXD): - Serial asynchronous communication input or
Serial synchronous communication output.

13. Contd…..
1. Pin 11(TXD): Serial asynchronous communication output or
Serial synchronous communication clock output.
2. Pin 12(INT 0):Interrupt 0 input.
3. Pin 13(INT 1);Interrupt 1 input.
4. Pin 14(T0):Counter 0 clock input.
5. Pin 15(T1):Counter 1 clock input.
6. Pin 16(WR): Write to external (additional) RAM.
7. Pin 17(RD):Read from external RAM.
 Pin 18 to 19(X1,X2):Internal oscillator.

14. Contd….
 Pin 20(GND):Ground
 Pin 21-28(port 2): I/P or O/P port when no external memory is
used. In case external memory is used, the higher address byte.
 Pin 29 (PSEN): Program Store Enable. If external ROM is used
for storing program then a logic zero (0) appears on it every
time the microcontroller reads a byte from memory
 Pin 30 (ALE): Address Latch Enable

15. Contd…
 Pin 31 (EA): Enable Access. To use program from an ext.
memory(Logic zero), to use program from both int. as well as
ext. memory (logic 1).
 Pin 32-39 (port 0): -I/P or O/P when ALE is low and lower
order address byte when ALE is high.
 Pin 40(Vcc): +5v power supply.

16. LCD 2*16
 The Serial LCDs are very functional, liquid crystal displays
that can be easily interfaced to and controlled by a
microcontroller using an I/O pin.
 This device can be connected to a PC serial port using a
MAX232 line driver. The circuit isn't supported by us.
 The LCD displays provide basic text wrapping so that your text
looks correct on the display.
 Full control over all of their advanced LCD features allows you
to move the cursor anywhere on the display with a single
instruction and turn the display on and off in any configuration

17. LCD
16*2
display

18. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
 Power on: When supply is turned on WHITE LED glows.
VOTING MODE
-toggle switch on VCC
When toggle switch is in voting mode
“Voting mode” is displayed followed by
“Please vote”. After a vote being given,
“Please wait for authority switch” is
displayed and again enable for voting
after Control switch being pressed by
the voting Authority.
COUNTING MODE
-toggle switch on GND.
Counting Mode: When toggle switch is in
counting mode “Counting mode” in
displayed on the screen, and total number
of votes to respective candidate can be
displayed on the screen

19. Contd….
 Clear mode: Press clear switch when all entries are required to
be erased. Clear switch should be pressed before voting
procedure.
 Buzzer indication: Pressing of key in voting mode is indicated
by a buzzer sound.
 Controller switch: This switch is provided for enabling the
keypad in voting mode.
 This Switch is under the control of voting authority.

20. ADAVANTAGES
 It is economical.
 Less manpower required.
 Time conscious, as less time required for voting & counting.
 Avoids invalid voting.

 Saves transportation cost due to its compact size.
 Convenient on the part of voter.

21. DISADVANTAGES
 Security issues and unequal internet access.
 We have to use external chip to store the votes.
 We have provide continuous power supply,

22. Conclusion
 This approach allows for the easy development and
deployment of applications. For quite some time, voting
equipment vendors have maintained that their systems are
secure, and that the closed-source nature makes them even
more secure.
 In fact, we believe that an open process would result in more
careful development, as more scientists, software engineers,
political activists, and others who value their democracy would
be paying attention to the quality of the software that is used
for their elections.

23. REFRENCES
 www.ieee.com
 The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems by Mazidi
 www.microcontrollerprojects00.blogspot.in

24. THANKING YOU