The document provides an overview of various photography composition techniques to create effective photos, including the rule of thirds, leading lines, symmetry and patterns, viewpoint, depth of field, framing, cropping, simplicity, isolating the subject, color combinations, camera shots and angles, and white balance. It describes techniques such as positioning important elements along the thirds lines, incorporating foreground and background elements to add depth, using a shallow depth of field to isolate the subject, and adjusting white balance settings to accurately portray colors.

1. EFFCTIVE PHOTOGRAPHY
WITH COMPOSITION
Composition refers to the way the
various elements in a scene are
arranged within the frame.

2. The rule of third says that you
should position the most
important elements in your
scene along these lines, or at
the points where they intersect
Rule of Third

4. Balancing elements
Secondary subject of lesser
importance or size on the
other side of the frame.

5. Leading lines
Leading lines help lead the
viewer through the image and
focus attention on important
elements.

6. Incorporating patterns into your photographs is always a good way to
create a pleasing composition.
Symmetry and Patterns

7. Viewpoint
Photographing from high above, down at
ground level, from the side, from the
back, from a long way away, from very
close up, and so on is view point

8. The plain background in this
composition ensures nothing
distracts from the subject.
Background

9. Depth can create in a photo by including objects in
the foreground, middle ground and background.
Including some foreground interest in a scene is a
great way of adding a sense of depth to the scene
Depth

10. Framing
Look for horizontal and
vertical lines in the frame
The rule of thirds
"Headroom", "looking
room", and "leading
room". Headroom is
the amount of space
between the top of
the subject's head and
the top of the frame.

11. Cropping
By cropping tight around the subject you
eliminate the background "noise“ ensuring the
subject gets the viewer's undivided attention.

12. FULL FRAME MODERATE LY TIGHT CROP
EXTREMELY TIGHT CROP
CROPPING

13. Simplicity and Minimalism
Minimalism means ‘less” and sometime ‘less is more’.
Simplicity often means taking photos with
uncomplicated backgrounds that don’t distract from
the main subject.

14. Isolate the Subject
Using a shallow depth of field +wide aperture make background blur: result is
subject isolated in a very effective way. This is a particularly useful technique for
shooting portraits

15. Color Combinations
Colors that are
opposite each other on
the color wheel are
said to be
‘complimentary
colors’. Incorporate
complimentary colors
in scenes is a better
way of creating
attractive and striking
compositions.

16. Camera
shots
and
angles

17. Establishing Shot
Usually the first shot of a scene, this is used
to establish the location and environment

18. Wide Shots (WS)
Show the entire person or area. This category includes the FULL SHOT showing
the entire human body, with the head near the top of the frame and the feet
near the bottom

19. Medium Shot (MS)
Shows part of the subject in more detail. For a person, a medium
shot typically frames the subject from the waste up

20. Medium Close-Up (MCU)
Falls between a Medium Shot and a Close-Up, generally
framing the subject from chest or shoulder up

21. Close-Up (CU)
Shows a particular part of your subject. A close up of a person
usually means a close up of their face.

22. Extreme Close Ups (ECU)
Extreme Close Up are much tighter close-up shots in which you get detail
greater than the human eye might be able to normally perceive

24. Extreme Long (wide) Shot
• Used to show the subject from a
distance, or the area in which the
scene is taking place
• very little detail visible in the shot, it's
meant to give a general impression
rather than specific information
• It normally shows an EXTERIOR

25. Two Shot

26. Over-the-Shoulder Shot (OSS)
A popular shot where a subject is shot from behind the shoulder of
another, framing the subject anywhere from a Medium to Close-Up.

27. A high-angle shot that’s taken from directly overhead and from a distance
Bird’s-eye view (Top Shot)

28. Shot taken with the
camera
approximately at
human eye level,
resulting in a neutral
effect on the
audience.
Eye Level

29. low-angle shot, is a shot from a camera angle positioned low on the
vertical axis, anywhere below the eye line, looking up
Low Angle

30. Panning is when you move your camera horizontally; either
left to right or right to left, while its base is fixated on a certain
point. You are not moving the position of the camera itself, just
the direction it faces. These types of shots are great for
establishing a sense of location within your story.

31. Tilting is when you move the camera vertically, up to down
or down to up, while its base is fixated to a certain point.
Again, like panning, this move typically involves the use of a
tripod where the camera is stationary but you move the
angle it points to. These shots are popular when introducing
a character, especially one of grandeur, in a movie.

32. White balance
White balance in digital photography means adjusting colors accurately so that the
image looks more natural. In other words, white balance (WB) is the process of
removing unrealistic color casts, so that objects which appear white in person are
rendered white in your photo .

33. Pre-set White Balance Settings
Auto (A) ---- Default WB setting. The camera automatically guesses
the WB depending on ambient light and use of flash.
Daylight is for a clear and sunny day.
Cloudy warms natural light in an overcast situation.
Shade setting accounts for a natural blue hue and warms up the image
accordingly.
Tungsten will be used for indoor settings and electric light to cool down
yellow tones.
Fluorescent setting is great for balancing out strip lighting’s green and
blue tones
The flash setting will add a blue tinge to your images so use with
caution!

34. Auto white balance Daylight white balanceTungsten white balance
Shade white balanceFluorescent white balanceCloudy white balance

35. Manual White Balance Adjustments
what you do is to tell your camera
what white looks like in a shot so
that it has something as a reference
point for deciding how other colors
should look.

36. Automatic White Balance/Custom White Balance
Custom white
balance uses an
18% gray card
as a neutral
reference.)