This document summarizes a study on the effect of fibers on hybrid matrix composites. The study examined the impact strength, frictional coefficient, dielectric strength, and chemical resistance of bamboo/glass fiber reinforced epoxy hybrid composites. It found that impact strength and frictional coefficient increased with higher glass fiber content. Properties were also higher when alkali-treated bamboo fibers were used. Dielectric strength was found to increase for all composites except those exposed to carbon tetrachloride. Scanning electron microscopy revealed improved bonding between fibers for alkali-treated composites compared to untreated ones. The removal of hemicellulose through alkali treatment led to higher fiber crystallinity and better fiber-matrix bonding.
Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Bamboo/Glass Fibers Reinforced Polyeste...IJERA Editor
The chemical resistance of Bamboo/Glass reinforced Polyester hybrid composites to acetic acid, Nitric acid, Hydrochloric acid, Sodium hydroxide, Sodium carbonate, Benzene, Toluene, Carbon tetrachloride and Water was studied. The tensile and impact properties of these composites were also studied. The effect of alkali treatment of bamboo fibers on these properties was studied. It was observed that the tensile and impact properties of the hybrid composites increase with glass fiber content. The author investigated the interfacial bonding between Glsss/Bamboo fiber composites by SEM. These properties found to be higher when alkali treated bamboo fibers were used in hybrid composites. The hybrid fiber composites showed better resistance to the chemicals mentioned above. The elimination of amorphous hemi-cellulose with alkali treatment leading to higher crystallinity of the bamboo fibers with alkali treatment may be responsible for these observations.
An Experimental Study on Mechanical Characteristics of Treated Bamboo Reinfor...ijtsrd
Recently, in the attention in response to global warming issues and sustainable society, the manufacturing using natural materials has become actively. Bamboo, low cost, fast growing, and broad distribution of growth, is expected to contribute significantly to earthquake resistant construction and seismic retrofit technology in the developing countries. This paper investigates the mechanical properties of bamboo reinforced concrete beams. It compares these experimental results of bamboo reinforced concrete beams with the experimental ones of reinforced concrete beams and the mechanical property of the bamboo reinforced concrete beams is studied. From these experimental works, the possibility of effective using of ‘Bamboo is discussed. Gowtham M | A. Alex Rajesh "An Experimental Study on Mechanical Characteristics of Treated Bamboo Reinforced Concrete Beams" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42316.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comengineering/civil-engineering/42316/an-experimental-study-on-mechanical-characteristics-of-treated-bamboo-reinforced-concrete-beams/gowtham-m
Experimental Investigation on Properties Concrete Paver Block with the Inclus...IJERA Editor
In this experimental investigation the compressive strength, water absorption and flexural strength of paver
blocks were determined by adding Coconut fibers in the top 20mm thickness. Coconut fibers were added in
proportions of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5% in volume of concrete. The compressive strength, flexural
strength and water absorption were determined at the end of 7 and 28 days. Test results indicate that addition of
coconut fiber by 0.3% paver block attains maximum compressive strength. Test results indicate that addition of
coconut fiber gradually increases flexural strengths and water absorption at 7 and 28 days. In this investigation
at 0.3% of coconut fiber content effect of top layer thickness on compressive strength and flexural strength is
also determined. Results show that inclusion of fibers even up to 50% of top layer thickness compressive and
flexural strengths are increasing. The paper also shows the cost comparison per each block.
Analysis The Mechanical Behaviour Of Jute Fiber Composite An Integrated ApproachIJSRD
In this project work, the jute fiber and glass fiber composite laminate specimens are prepared as per ASTM standards. The composite laminate with the jute and glass fiber are fabricated by simple hand layup technique. The composite laminate undergoes various mechanical testing as tensile test, impact test, water absorption test and the mechanical properties are analyzed. In general the jute fiber composites are great strength, low cost and low density and it’s have enough potential for reinforcing agent.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND SEM ANALYSIS OF GLASS/NYLON/JUTE REINFORCED EPOXY H...IAEME Publication
Now-a-days, the natural fibres from renewable natural resources offer the potential to act as a reinforcing material for polymer composites alternative to the use of glass, carbon and other man-made fibres. Attempts have been made in this project work to study the effect of fibre loading on the physical, mechanical and water absorption behavior of glass/nylon/jute fibre reinforced epoxy based hybrid composites and it’s fabricated by hydraulic press technique. Work has been carried out to investigate the flexural properties, tensile strength, hardness, impact strength and water absorption test of the composites and compared with glass and epoxy composite. It has been observed that the tensile properties, flexural properties and hardness increase with the increase in the weight fraction of natural fibers to certain extent. The morphology of composites is studied by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
A perfect PPT for jute fiber.
No need to edit again on this.
An executed project by own for final year project in B.Tech. and we got 100% result on this.
Try this for your review
Enhancing Mechanical Properties of Jute Fibre/Glass Fiber and Epoxy Combined ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that enhanced the mechanical properties of jute fiber and glass fiber composites by mixing them with epoxy resin. Four different composite laminates were fabricated using jute and glass fibers in different layer arrangements. The composites were tested for tensile strength, impact strength, hardness, and their microstructure was analyzed using SEM and EDS. The JGGJ laminate composite showed the highest tensile strength at 76.22 MPa while the GJJG laminate had the highest impact strength. SEM images revealed better bonding between jute fibers and epoxy than glass fibers. Overall, incorporating epoxy resin improved the mechanical properties of jute and glass fiber composites and made them more
Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Glass and Jute Fiber Hybrid Reinforced Epoxy Com...IJERD Editor
Glass Fiber reinforced composites are emerging as a potential material for a wide variety of
industrial applications owing to their good combination of physical and mechanical properties. In recent
decades, glass fiber composites parts are widely used as sliding components in different engineering
applications. Due to the legitimate theoretical and practical importance, the study of tribological performance of
these emerging materials becomes highly decisive. In the present research initiative, two type of reinforcements
are selected there are Glass and jute fibers with matrix of epoxy 551 was used for composite specimen
preparation. The frictional and wear characteristics of the developed composites have been studied under
different sliding conditions. From the results it is conclude that jute is more efficient in improving the
tribological Performance of glass-epoxy composites than the raw glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites.
Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Bamboo/Glass Fibers Reinforced Polyeste...IJERA Editor
The chemical resistance of Bamboo/Glass reinforced Polyester hybrid composites to acetic acid, Nitric acid, Hydrochloric acid, Sodium hydroxide, Sodium carbonate, Benzene, Toluene, Carbon tetrachloride and Water was studied. The tensile and impact properties of these composites were also studied. The effect of alkali treatment of bamboo fibers on these properties was studied. It was observed that the tensile and impact properties of the hybrid composites increase with glass fiber content. The author investigated the interfacial bonding between Glsss/Bamboo fiber composites by SEM. These properties found to be higher when alkali treated bamboo fibers were used in hybrid composites. The hybrid fiber composites showed better resistance to the chemicals mentioned above. The elimination of amorphous hemi-cellulose with alkali treatment leading to higher crystallinity of the bamboo fibers with alkali treatment may be responsible for these observations.
An Experimental Study on Mechanical Characteristics of Treated Bamboo Reinfor...ijtsrd
Recently, in the attention in response to global warming issues and sustainable society, the manufacturing using natural materials has become actively. Bamboo, low cost, fast growing, and broad distribution of growth, is expected to contribute significantly to earthquake resistant construction and seismic retrofit technology in the developing countries. This paper investigates the mechanical properties of bamboo reinforced concrete beams. It compares these experimental results of bamboo reinforced concrete beams with the experimental ones of reinforced concrete beams and the mechanical property of the bamboo reinforced concrete beams is studied. From these experimental works, the possibility of effective using of ‘Bamboo is discussed. Gowtham M | A. Alex Rajesh "An Experimental Study on Mechanical Characteristics of Treated Bamboo Reinforced Concrete Beams" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42316.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comengineering/civil-engineering/42316/an-experimental-study-on-mechanical-characteristics-of-treated-bamboo-reinforced-concrete-beams/gowtham-m
Experimental Investigation on Properties Concrete Paver Block with the Inclus...IJERA Editor
In this experimental investigation the compressive strength, water absorption and flexural strength of paver
blocks were determined by adding Coconut fibers in the top 20mm thickness. Coconut fibers were added in
proportions of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5% in volume of concrete. The compressive strength, flexural
strength and water absorption were determined at the end of 7 and 28 days. Test results indicate that addition of
coconut fiber by 0.3% paver block attains maximum compressive strength. Test results indicate that addition of
coconut fiber gradually increases flexural strengths and water absorption at 7 and 28 days. In this investigation
at 0.3% of coconut fiber content effect of top layer thickness on compressive strength and flexural strength is
also determined. Results show that inclusion of fibers even up to 50% of top layer thickness compressive and
flexural strengths are increasing. The paper also shows the cost comparison per each block.
Analysis The Mechanical Behaviour Of Jute Fiber Composite An Integrated ApproachIJSRD
In this project work, the jute fiber and glass fiber composite laminate specimens are prepared as per ASTM standards. The composite laminate with the jute and glass fiber are fabricated by simple hand layup technique. The composite laminate undergoes various mechanical testing as tensile test, impact test, water absorption test and the mechanical properties are analyzed. In general the jute fiber composites are great strength, low cost and low density and it’s have enough potential for reinforcing agent.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND SEM ANALYSIS OF GLASS/NYLON/JUTE REINFORCED EPOXY H...IAEME Publication
Now-a-days, the natural fibres from renewable natural resources offer the potential to act as a reinforcing material for polymer composites alternative to the use of glass, carbon and other man-made fibres. Attempts have been made in this project work to study the effect of fibre loading on the physical, mechanical and water absorption behavior of glass/nylon/jute fibre reinforced epoxy based hybrid composites and it’s fabricated by hydraulic press technique. Work has been carried out to investigate the flexural properties, tensile strength, hardness, impact strength and water absorption test of the composites and compared with glass and epoxy composite. It has been observed that the tensile properties, flexural properties and hardness increase with the increase in the weight fraction of natural fibers to certain extent. The morphology of composites is studied by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
A perfect PPT for jute fiber.
No need to edit again on this.
An executed project by own for final year project in B.Tech. and we got 100% result on this.
Try this for your review
Enhancing Mechanical Properties of Jute Fibre/Glass Fiber and Epoxy Combined ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that enhanced the mechanical properties of jute fiber and glass fiber composites by mixing them with epoxy resin. Four different composite laminates were fabricated using jute and glass fibers in different layer arrangements. The composites were tested for tensile strength, impact strength, hardness, and their microstructure was analyzed using SEM and EDS. The JGGJ laminate composite showed the highest tensile strength at 76.22 MPa while the GJJG laminate had the highest impact strength. SEM images revealed better bonding between jute fibers and epoxy than glass fibers. Overall, incorporating epoxy resin improved the mechanical properties of jute and glass fiber composites and made them more
Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Glass and Jute Fiber Hybrid Reinforced Epoxy Com...IJERD Editor
Glass Fiber reinforced composites are emerging as a potential material for a wide variety of
industrial applications owing to their good combination of physical and mechanical properties. In recent
decades, glass fiber composites parts are widely used as sliding components in different engineering
applications. Due to the legitimate theoretical and practical importance, the study of tribological performance of
these emerging materials becomes highly decisive. In the present research initiative, two type of reinforcements
are selected there are Glass and jute fibers with matrix of epoxy 551 was used for composite specimen
preparation. The frictional and wear characteristics of the developed composites have been studied under
different sliding conditions. From the results it is conclude that jute is more efficient in improving the
tribological Performance of glass-epoxy composites than the raw glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites.
Flexural, Impact Properties and Sem Analysis of Bamboo and Glass Fiber Reinfo...IJERA Editor
The Flexural, Impact properties and Scanning electron microscope analysis of Bamboo/glass fibers Reinforced polyester Hybrid composites were studied. The effect of alkali treatment of the bamboo fibers on these properties was also studied. It was observed that the Flexural, impact properties of the hybrid composite increase with glass fiber content. These properties found to be higher when alkali treated bamboo fibers were used in the hybrid composites. The elimination of amorphous hemi-cellulose with alkali treated leading to higher crystallinity of the bamboo fibers with alkali treatment may be responsible for these observations. The author investigated the interfacial bonding between Glass/Bamboo reinforced polyester composites. The effect of alkali treatment on the bonding between Glass/Bamboo composites was also studied.
IRJET - Mechanical Characterisation of Glass Fibre Composites by using Recycl...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using recycled plastics to produce glass fiber composites. Plastics are widely used but not biodegradable, leading to pollution. They can be recycled mechanically by grinding into chips, heating to form yarn, and weaving into fabric. Glass fiber composites are strong but expensive. The study produced composites using epoxy resin with layers of recycled plastic fabric and glass fiber. Testing found the composites had densities from 0.94-1.17 g/cm3, tensile strengths around 50 MPa similar to thermoplastics, hardness increased with more fiber, and impact absorption increased up to 40% fiber content. The composites showed mechanical properties comparable to virgin glass
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON WEAR BEHAVIOUR OF SIC FILLED HYBRID COMPOSITES USING TA...IAEME Publication
The document presents an experimental study on the wear behavior of silicon carbide (SiC) filled hybrid composites using the Taguchi method. Three types of hybrid composites with 10% SiC by weight were tested - glass fiber reinforced with epoxy and jute, sisal, or rubber. Pin-on-disk testing was conducted according to a Taguchi L9 orthogonal array, with speed, load, material, and distance as factors. Material was found to be the most influential factor on wear rate, followed by load. The 10% SiC glass fiber-rubber-epoxy composite showed the lowest wear rate at 300 rpm speed, 40N load, and 75m distance. SEM images showed wear of
STUDY OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NATURAL FIBRE COMPOSITEIAEME Publication
In the present work an attempt has been made to fabricate a natural fibre reinforced plastic composite using sisal and jute fibres. 20% sisal,10% jute,10% starch,40% epoxy (araldite AY-103) and 20% hardener is used to fabricated
FRP composite. The composite is fabricated by simple hand lay method. Mechanical properties are tested and found satisfactory. Water absorption test of the composite is tested as per ASTM standard. It is observed that material is light in weight with sufficient strength and of low cost which
make it suitable for many engineering applications
Natural Fibre Sandwich Composite Panels-Analysis, Testing and CharacterisationIOSR Journals
The paper deals about the development, comparison, testing and analysis of composite materials and
sandwich composite panels. In this paper we have carried out testing of mechanical and physical properties of
coir composites, SMC laminate, Bamboo Composite, Cement bonded wooden particle composite. Then we have
used SMC Laminate on coir composite so as to increase its strength. Also we have carried out tensile test for
bamboo composite, coir composite, cement bonded composite. Then we have compared the values of these
composites. Water absorption test and flame test of coir composite, Bamboo composite has been carried out, so
as to find out the mechanical and physical properties of composite materials. Finally, Bending test and Analysis
of sandwich composite panels has been carried out for bamboo-EPS sandwich panel and Bison-EPS sandwich
panel to understand the characteristics of sandwich composite panels.
Two body abrasive wear behavior of short glass fiber and particulate filled p...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes the results of an investigation into the two-body abrasive wear behavior of different polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) composites. Three composites were tested: PMMA with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and short glass fiber (1P); 1P with silicon carbide (SiC) microparticles (2P); and 2P with molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoparticles (3P). Two-body abrasive wear tests were conducted using varying loads, abrasive paper grit sizes, and abrading distances. The results showed that wear loss and specific wear rate increased with grit size and load, and decreased with abrading distance
Here the composite material was fabricated using sugarcane bagasse, jute fibre & with glass fibre as a hybrid material and the mechanical properties of this material was studied.
This document summarizes research comparing the physico-mechanical properties of jute-polypropylene (J-PP) composites and wood stock-polypropylene (WS-PP) composites fabricated using compression molding. Specimens of both composites containing 50% fiber by weight were tested according to various ASTM standards to evaluate properties such as tensile strength, impact strength, flexural strength, heat deflection temperature, and flammability. The results showed that the J-PP composites exhibited better mechanical properties than the WS-PP composites in most tests, with higher tensile strength, impact strength, heat deflection temperature, and flammability. Flexural testing found the J
Investigation on The Mechanical Properties of Banana Fiber Reinforced Polyest...IJERA Editor
This document discusses an investigation into the mechanical properties of banana fiber reinforced polyester composites with and without sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment. The composites were tested for tensile, impact, and bending strengths according to ASTM standards. The tensile, impact, and bending strengths of the composites increased when banana fibers were treated with a 5% NaOH solution compared to untreated fibers, as fiber content was varied from 0.5 to 2 grams. Mechanical properties were evaluated through testing and results were presented in tables and graphs.
IRJET - An Experimental Investigation of Paver Block by using Coconut Fib...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental investigation on using coconut fiber as a partial replacement for cement in paver blocks. Coconut fiber was added at 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4% replacement by weight of cement. Paver blocks were cast and tested for compressive strength after 7, 14, and 28 days of curing. The results showed that compressive strength increased with the addition of coconut fiber up to 0.3% replacement, with the highest strength achieved at 0.4% replacement. Literature on previous studies on using natural fibers like coconut fiber in concrete was also reviewed, showing improvements to properties like compressive strength and flexural strength with fiber addition.
This document investigates the abrasive wear behavior of coir fiber reinforced epoxy composites using the Taguchi method. Composites were made with 10%, 20%, and 30% treated and untreated coir fiber. Abrasion tests were conducted at loads of 10-30N, speeds of 300-500rpm. Treated fiber composites showed better wear resistance than untreated. Wear rate decreased with increasing fiber content and increased with increasing load and speed. The Taguchi method was used to optimize parameters and minimize experiments. Analysis found treated fiber composites had the lowest wear rate.
Experimentation of Jute Fiber Supplemented with E-Glass in Various Layers Al...IJMER
Composites fiber are moving into the crucial stream of the automobile industry, with
manufacturers and suppliers finding different blends of bio composites, glass fibers and places to use
them. It has been observed that natural fibers such as flax, hemp, kneaf, jute and sisal help reducing in
weight, cost, and CO2, less dependence on other oil sources, and reusability. Also Fibers like flax, hemp
or jute are cheap, have better stiffness per unit weight, corrosion resistance, electrical insulation,
reduction in tooling and assembly costs, low thermal expansion, higher stiffness and strength, fatigue
resistance and have a lower impact on the environment. [1]
The present study/research focuses on exploring the possibility of using jute fiber, E-Glass and
embedding these in a biopolymer matrix system – epoxy – the task of which is to hold the fibers
together. This epoxy stabilizes the shape of the composite structure, transmits the shear forces between
the mechanically high-quality fibers, and protects them against radiation and other aggressive media.
The component is conditioned and prepared for testing and subjected to tensile, compression, hardness
and bending test calculating the element results with ANSYS by using the test results. Promising results
have been observed and this study enables for future study in the field of natural fiber composite
materials. Main aim of this paper is to reduce the impact on the environment, by using recyclable
natural fibers[6] [7].
Experimental study was conducted to investigate the use of coir fiber as reinforcement in cement composites. Coir fiber was treated with natural latex before being added to concrete in lengths of 20mm, 25mm, and 30mm at percentages of 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%. Compressive strength tests at 7, 14, and 28 days showed that strength initially increased up to 0.75% fiber content and then decreased. The maximum compressive strength was achieved using 25mm fiber at 0.75% addition. The study concluded that coir fiber improves concrete properties and resistance to sulphate attack while reducing environmental pollution compared to synthetic fibers.
Thermal conductivity Characterization of Bamboo fiber reinforced in Epoxy ResinIOSR Journals
Over a past few decades composites, plastics, ceramics have been the dominant engineering material. The areas of applications of composites materials have grown rapidly and have even found new markets. The current challenge is to make the durable in tough conditions to replace other materials and also to make them cost effective .This has resulted in development of many new techniques currently being used in the industry. While the use of composites it is clear choice in many applications but the selection of material will depend on the factor such as working life, lifetime requirement, complexity of product shape produced, saving the term cost. The availability of natural fiber is abundances and also they are very inexpensive when compared to other advanced manmade fibers. The primary advantage of natural fibers are low density, low cost, biodegradability, acceptable specific properties, less wear during extracting as well as manufacturing composites and wide varieties of natural fibers are locally available. The main focus of this investigation is to determine the thermal conductivity of bamboo fiber reinforced in epoxy resin composites. The test samples were prepared as per ASTM standards using simple hand-layup technique at different fiber weight fractions (10%, 20%30%, 40%50%, 60%). Thermal conductivity (K) of the composites material were determined experimentally and is validated by the results obtained by rule of mixture, E-S model and also by finite element modeling
Evaluation of mechanical and water absorption behaviour of coir and rice husk...eSAT Journals
The document evaluates the mechanical and water absorption behavior of composites reinforced with coconut coir fiber and rice husk powder. Composites were prepared with untreated and NaOH-treated coir fiber at different weight fractions (5%, 10%, 15%) combined with epoxy resin and rice husk powder. Mechanical tests for impact strength and hardness were conducted according to ASTM standards. Results showed untreated composites had higher impact strength and hardness than treated composites due to better fiber-matrix bonding. However, treated composites absorbed less water than untreated composites due to the hydrophobic nature of chemically-modified fiber. In conclusion, untreated composites performed better mechanically while treated composites were more resistant to water absorption.
Tensile and Flexural Properties of Sisal/Jute Hybrid Natural Fiber CompositesIJMER
During the last two decades using natural fiber as reinforcement in polymers has increased
drastically. The present research work has been carried out to make use of sisal/jute natural fibers. The
aim of this paper is to describe the development and characterization of new set of hybrid natural fiber
composites. It is made by reinforcing sisal/ jute fibers with epoxy resin in matrix by using hand layup
technique. The natural fibers were extracted by retting and combing process manually. Hybrid
composites were prepared using sisal/jute fibers of 0/40, 10/30, 20/20, 30/10, 40/0 weight fraction ratios
while overall fiber weight fraction was fixed as 0.4 weight fraction. The tensile and flexural properties
were carried out using hybrid composite samples. The results indicated that addition of sisal fiber in
jute/epoxy composites up to 50% weight fraction results increasing the mechanical properties
20 cm x 20 cm Flat boards of wood plastic composite (WPC) of thickness size of 0.5 cm was produced from three indigenous wood species (Funtumia elastica, Brachystegia kennedy and Milicia excelsa). WPCs were produced from each of selected wood species at two different wood/rHDPE mixing ratios of 1:1 and 1:1.5 at a constant nominal board density of 1g/m3. Effect of these production variables (wood species and mixing ratio) were investigated on physical and mechanical properties of WPC boards produced. Properties such as water absorption (WA), thickness swelling (TS), abrasion (AB), modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR) and impact bending test (IB) were all carried out on the samples. Appropriate quantities of sawdust and pulverised nylon were sieved, weighed and mixed thoroughly to produce flat WPC boards from fabricated Hot-press plate machine at 1030 C with a constant pressure of 1.23N/mm2 for 20 minutes. Samples were cut into specific dimensions in accordance with British Standard (B.S D373 and D1181). Results shows that flat WPC boards produced from B. kennedy and M. excelsa were relatively low in moisture uptake but lower in wood /rHDPE mixing ratio of 1:1.5. However these wood species WPC boards were stiff and strong in strength properties but stiffer and stronger with wood /rHDPE mixing ratio of 1:1, additional abrasion values was lower in both B. kennedy and M. excelsa than F. elastica. Based on the findings that increased proportion of pulverised nylon to wood in WPC boards makes the boards to be plasticized with low strength properties, but highly dimensional stable, boards in these categories could be considered for low bearing load applications in both exterior and interior engineering materials.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation of E-Glass and Kenaf Fibre with Epoxy R...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental investigation of hybrid composites made from E-glass fibers, kenaf fibers, and epoxy resin. Specifically:
- Kenaf/fiber glass hybrid composites were manufactured using hand layup with varying fiber contents and the composites were tested for mechanical properties.
- The mechanical properties tested included compression strength, flexural strength, impact strength, hardness, and water absorption in sea water and distilled water.
- The results showed that the mechanical properties of the hybrid composites, such as compression and flexural strength, increased with fiber content up to 30% before leveling off or decreasing. Maximum impact strength was also found at 30% fiber content.
-
Gary Tschida at a glance_resume-portfolio2Gary Tschida
Gary Tschida is an experienced creative leader with many years of experience managing creative teams in advertising and marketing. He has a wide range of expertise, including shopper marketing, promotions, branding, and social media. He is a strategic thinker, mentor, and team player with excellent creative and communication skills. Throughout his career he has held various creative director and art director roles working on projects for many major brands.
Définition des rôles institutionnels, J.P. Boutonnet, Institut National de la...ExternalEvents
http://www.fao.org/in-action/quality-and-origin-program/en
Définition des rôles institutionnels, J.P. Boutonnet, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA France), H. Ilbert, Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen (IAM Montpellier), Hubert Devautour (CIRAD Montpellier)
French
Flexural, Impact Properties and Sem Analysis of Bamboo and Glass Fiber Reinfo...IJERA Editor
The Flexural, Impact properties and Scanning electron microscope analysis of Bamboo/glass fibers Reinforced polyester Hybrid composites were studied. The effect of alkali treatment of the bamboo fibers on these properties was also studied. It was observed that the Flexural, impact properties of the hybrid composite increase with glass fiber content. These properties found to be higher when alkali treated bamboo fibers were used in the hybrid composites. The elimination of amorphous hemi-cellulose with alkali treated leading to higher crystallinity of the bamboo fibers with alkali treatment may be responsible for these observations. The author investigated the interfacial bonding between Glass/Bamboo reinforced polyester composites. The effect of alkali treatment on the bonding between Glass/Bamboo composites was also studied.
IRJET - Mechanical Characterisation of Glass Fibre Composites by using Recycl...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using recycled plastics to produce glass fiber composites. Plastics are widely used but not biodegradable, leading to pollution. They can be recycled mechanically by grinding into chips, heating to form yarn, and weaving into fabric. Glass fiber composites are strong but expensive. The study produced composites using epoxy resin with layers of recycled plastic fabric and glass fiber. Testing found the composites had densities from 0.94-1.17 g/cm3, tensile strengths around 50 MPa similar to thermoplastics, hardness increased with more fiber, and impact absorption increased up to 40% fiber content. The composites showed mechanical properties comparable to virgin glass
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON WEAR BEHAVIOUR OF SIC FILLED HYBRID COMPOSITES USING TA...IAEME Publication
The document presents an experimental study on the wear behavior of silicon carbide (SiC) filled hybrid composites using the Taguchi method. Three types of hybrid composites with 10% SiC by weight were tested - glass fiber reinforced with epoxy and jute, sisal, or rubber. Pin-on-disk testing was conducted according to a Taguchi L9 orthogonal array, with speed, load, material, and distance as factors. Material was found to be the most influential factor on wear rate, followed by load. The 10% SiC glass fiber-rubber-epoxy composite showed the lowest wear rate at 300 rpm speed, 40N load, and 75m distance. SEM images showed wear of
STUDY OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NATURAL FIBRE COMPOSITEIAEME Publication
In the present work an attempt has been made to fabricate a natural fibre reinforced plastic composite using sisal and jute fibres. 20% sisal,10% jute,10% starch,40% epoxy (araldite AY-103) and 20% hardener is used to fabricated
FRP composite. The composite is fabricated by simple hand lay method. Mechanical properties are tested and found satisfactory. Water absorption test of the composite is tested as per ASTM standard. It is observed that material is light in weight with sufficient strength and of low cost which
make it suitable for many engineering applications
Natural Fibre Sandwich Composite Panels-Analysis, Testing and CharacterisationIOSR Journals
The paper deals about the development, comparison, testing and analysis of composite materials and
sandwich composite panels. In this paper we have carried out testing of mechanical and physical properties of
coir composites, SMC laminate, Bamboo Composite, Cement bonded wooden particle composite. Then we have
used SMC Laminate on coir composite so as to increase its strength. Also we have carried out tensile test for
bamboo composite, coir composite, cement bonded composite. Then we have compared the values of these
composites. Water absorption test and flame test of coir composite, Bamboo composite has been carried out, so
as to find out the mechanical and physical properties of composite materials. Finally, Bending test and Analysis
of sandwich composite panels has been carried out for bamboo-EPS sandwich panel and Bison-EPS sandwich
panel to understand the characteristics of sandwich composite panels.
Two body abrasive wear behavior of short glass fiber and particulate filled p...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes the results of an investigation into the two-body abrasive wear behavior of different polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) composites. Three composites were tested: PMMA with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and short glass fiber (1P); 1P with silicon carbide (SiC) microparticles (2P); and 2P with molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoparticles (3P). Two-body abrasive wear tests were conducted using varying loads, abrasive paper grit sizes, and abrading distances. The results showed that wear loss and specific wear rate increased with grit size and load, and decreased with abrading distance
Here the composite material was fabricated using sugarcane bagasse, jute fibre & with glass fibre as a hybrid material and the mechanical properties of this material was studied.
This document summarizes research comparing the physico-mechanical properties of jute-polypropylene (J-PP) composites and wood stock-polypropylene (WS-PP) composites fabricated using compression molding. Specimens of both composites containing 50% fiber by weight were tested according to various ASTM standards to evaluate properties such as tensile strength, impact strength, flexural strength, heat deflection temperature, and flammability. The results showed that the J-PP composites exhibited better mechanical properties than the WS-PP composites in most tests, with higher tensile strength, impact strength, heat deflection temperature, and flammability. Flexural testing found the J
Investigation on The Mechanical Properties of Banana Fiber Reinforced Polyest...IJERA Editor
This document discusses an investigation into the mechanical properties of banana fiber reinforced polyester composites with and without sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment. The composites were tested for tensile, impact, and bending strengths according to ASTM standards. The tensile, impact, and bending strengths of the composites increased when banana fibers were treated with a 5% NaOH solution compared to untreated fibers, as fiber content was varied from 0.5 to 2 grams. Mechanical properties were evaluated through testing and results were presented in tables and graphs.
IRJET - An Experimental Investigation of Paver Block by using Coconut Fib...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental investigation on using coconut fiber as a partial replacement for cement in paver blocks. Coconut fiber was added at 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4% replacement by weight of cement. Paver blocks were cast and tested for compressive strength after 7, 14, and 28 days of curing. The results showed that compressive strength increased with the addition of coconut fiber up to 0.3% replacement, with the highest strength achieved at 0.4% replacement. Literature on previous studies on using natural fibers like coconut fiber in concrete was also reviewed, showing improvements to properties like compressive strength and flexural strength with fiber addition.
This document investigates the abrasive wear behavior of coir fiber reinforced epoxy composites using the Taguchi method. Composites were made with 10%, 20%, and 30% treated and untreated coir fiber. Abrasion tests were conducted at loads of 10-30N, speeds of 300-500rpm. Treated fiber composites showed better wear resistance than untreated. Wear rate decreased with increasing fiber content and increased with increasing load and speed. The Taguchi method was used to optimize parameters and minimize experiments. Analysis found treated fiber composites had the lowest wear rate.
Experimentation of Jute Fiber Supplemented with E-Glass in Various Layers Al...IJMER
Composites fiber are moving into the crucial stream of the automobile industry, with
manufacturers and suppliers finding different blends of bio composites, glass fibers and places to use
them. It has been observed that natural fibers such as flax, hemp, kneaf, jute and sisal help reducing in
weight, cost, and CO2, less dependence on other oil sources, and reusability. Also Fibers like flax, hemp
or jute are cheap, have better stiffness per unit weight, corrosion resistance, electrical insulation,
reduction in tooling and assembly costs, low thermal expansion, higher stiffness and strength, fatigue
resistance and have a lower impact on the environment. [1]
The present study/research focuses on exploring the possibility of using jute fiber, E-Glass and
embedding these in a biopolymer matrix system – epoxy – the task of which is to hold the fibers
together. This epoxy stabilizes the shape of the composite structure, transmits the shear forces between
the mechanically high-quality fibers, and protects them against radiation and other aggressive media.
The component is conditioned and prepared for testing and subjected to tensile, compression, hardness
and bending test calculating the element results with ANSYS by using the test results. Promising results
have been observed and this study enables for future study in the field of natural fiber composite
materials. Main aim of this paper is to reduce the impact on the environment, by using recyclable
natural fibers[6] [7].
Experimental study was conducted to investigate the use of coir fiber as reinforcement in cement composites. Coir fiber was treated with natural latex before being added to concrete in lengths of 20mm, 25mm, and 30mm at percentages of 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%. Compressive strength tests at 7, 14, and 28 days showed that strength initially increased up to 0.75% fiber content and then decreased. The maximum compressive strength was achieved using 25mm fiber at 0.75% addition. The study concluded that coir fiber improves concrete properties and resistance to sulphate attack while reducing environmental pollution compared to synthetic fibers.
Thermal conductivity Characterization of Bamboo fiber reinforced in Epoxy ResinIOSR Journals
Over a past few decades composites, plastics, ceramics have been the dominant engineering material. The areas of applications of composites materials have grown rapidly and have even found new markets. The current challenge is to make the durable in tough conditions to replace other materials and also to make them cost effective .This has resulted in development of many new techniques currently being used in the industry. While the use of composites it is clear choice in many applications but the selection of material will depend on the factor such as working life, lifetime requirement, complexity of product shape produced, saving the term cost. The availability of natural fiber is abundances and also they are very inexpensive when compared to other advanced manmade fibers. The primary advantage of natural fibers are low density, low cost, biodegradability, acceptable specific properties, less wear during extracting as well as manufacturing composites and wide varieties of natural fibers are locally available. The main focus of this investigation is to determine the thermal conductivity of bamboo fiber reinforced in epoxy resin composites. The test samples were prepared as per ASTM standards using simple hand-layup technique at different fiber weight fractions (10%, 20%30%, 40%50%, 60%). Thermal conductivity (K) of the composites material were determined experimentally and is validated by the results obtained by rule of mixture, E-S model and also by finite element modeling
Evaluation of mechanical and water absorption behaviour of coir and rice husk...eSAT Journals
The document evaluates the mechanical and water absorption behavior of composites reinforced with coconut coir fiber and rice husk powder. Composites were prepared with untreated and NaOH-treated coir fiber at different weight fractions (5%, 10%, 15%) combined with epoxy resin and rice husk powder. Mechanical tests for impact strength and hardness were conducted according to ASTM standards. Results showed untreated composites had higher impact strength and hardness than treated composites due to better fiber-matrix bonding. However, treated composites absorbed less water than untreated composites due to the hydrophobic nature of chemically-modified fiber. In conclusion, untreated composites performed better mechanically while treated composites were more resistant to water absorption.
Tensile and Flexural Properties of Sisal/Jute Hybrid Natural Fiber CompositesIJMER
During the last two decades using natural fiber as reinforcement in polymers has increased
drastically. The present research work has been carried out to make use of sisal/jute natural fibers. The
aim of this paper is to describe the development and characterization of new set of hybrid natural fiber
composites. It is made by reinforcing sisal/ jute fibers with epoxy resin in matrix by using hand layup
technique. The natural fibers were extracted by retting and combing process manually. Hybrid
composites were prepared using sisal/jute fibers of 0/40, 10/30, 20/20, 30/10, 40/0 weight fraction ratios
while overall fiber weight fraction was fixed as 0.4 weight fraction. The tensile and flexural properties
were carried out using hybrid composite samples. The results indicated that addition of sisal fiber in
jute/epoxy composites up to 50% weight fraction results increasing the mechanical properties
20 cm x 20 cm Flat boards of wood plastic composite (WPC) of thickness size of 0.5 cm was produced from three indigenous wood species (Funtumia elastica, Brachystegia kennedy and Milicia excelsa). WPCs were produced from each of selected wood species at two different wood/rHDPE mixing ratios of 1:1 and 1:1.5 at a constant nominal board density of 1g/m3. Effect of these production variables (wood species and mixing ratio) were investigated on physical and mechanical properties of WPC boards produced. Properties such as water absorption (WA), thickness swelling (TS), abrasion (AB), modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR) and impact bending test (IB) were all carried out on the samples. Appropriate quantities of sawdust and pulverised nylon were sieved, weighed and mixed thoroughly to produce flat WPC boards from fabricated Hot-press plate machine at 1030 C with a constant pressure of 1.23N/mm2 for 20 minutes. Samples were cut into specific dimensions in accordance with British Standard (B.S D373 and D1181). Results shows that flat WPC boards produced from B. kennedy and M. excelsa were relatively low in moisture uptake but lower in wood /rHDPE mixing ratio of 1:1.5. However these wood species WPC boards were stiff and strong in strength properties but stiffer and stronger with wood /rHDPE mixing ratio of 1:1, additional abrasion values was lower in both B. kennedy and M. excelsa than F. elastica. Based on the findings that increased proportion of pulverised nylon to wood in WPC boards makes the boards to be plasticized with low strength properties, but highly dimensional stable, boards in these categories could be considered for low bearing load applications in both exterior and interior engineering materials.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation of E-Glass and Kenaf Fibre with Epoxy R...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental investigation of hybrid composites made from E-glass fibers, kenaf fibers, and epoxy resin. Specifically:
- Kenaf/fiber glass hybrid composites were manufactured using hand layup with varying fiber contents and the composites were tested for mechanical properties.
- The mechanical properties tested included compression strength, flexural strength, impact strength, hardness, and water absorption in sea water and distilled water.
- The results showed that the mechanical properties of the hybrid composites, such as compression and flexural strength, increased with fiber content up to 30% before leveling off or decreasing. Maximum impact strength was also found at 30% fiber content.
-
Gary Tschida at a glance_resume-portfolio2Gary Tschida
Gary Tschida is an experienced creative leader with many years of experience managing creative teams in advertising and marketing. He has a wide range of expertise, including shopper marketing, promotions, branding, and social media. He is a strategic thinker, mentor, and team player with excellent creative and communication skills. Throughout his career he has held various creative director and art director roles working on projects for many major brands.
Définition des rôles institutionnels, J.P. Boutonnet, Institut National de la...ExternalEvents
http://www.fao.org/in-action/quality-and-origin-program/en
Définition des rôles institutionnels, J.P. Boutonnet, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA France), H. Ilbert, Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen (IAM Montpellier), Hubert Devautour (CIRAD Montpellier)
French
This document provides information about the Commscope-Andrew 1873-BCT prep tool. It can be purchased from Launch 3 Telecom for Commscope-Andrew 1873 B-Series connectors. Launch 3 Telecom offers payment options, same-day shipping, warranty, and additional services like repair for telecom equipment.
This audit examines Montana's process for collecting and using high school graduate and dropout data. The audit found inconsistencies in how schools apply status codes to students, categorizing some students differently than required by OPI guidelines. It also found that OPI guidelines do not require verification of home schooled or district approved GED students. However, OPI is implementing a new statewide student information system to improve data collection and consistency. The system will assign student identifiers and enable analysis of graduate and dropout rates over time. Educational stakeholders agree accurate data is important for decision making and program evaluation.
Este documento presenta un proyecto de gerencia de tecnología educativa dirigido por la Dirección General. El proyecto incluye documentos de diseño detallados, un informe de estudios de viabilidad, una especificación y un prototipo de trabajo. La gerencia de proyectos se define como la disciplina de organizar y administrar los recursos de un proyecto teniendo en cuenta el alcance, tiempo y costo. El documento es presentado como parte de los requisitos para obtener una maestría en gestión de tecnología educativa en el 2016.
Grâce à de nombreuses applications vous proposant de passer un simple coup de fil ou d’organiser une conférence de groupe, il est dorénavant possible de choisir la façon de communiquer la plus adaptée à vos besoins.
A travers cet article, nous vous présentons une sélection d’applications qui ont retenu notre attention.
Peg Windisch founded the non-profit We Are Coaches to empower children through fun programs at the beach. After experiencing an epiphany while her daughter was a toddler, Windisch transitioned from water chemistry to teaching parenting classes and coaching children directly. Her programs use play, art, and team-building activities to help children develop confidence while keeping them safe in the water.
Troy Elliott attended Devry University-Arizona and transferred 75 credits to Ashford University. He then completed a Bachelor of Arts in Organizational Management in 2010, graduating Magna Cum Laude. He went on to earn a Master of Arts in Organizational Management from Ashford in 2012, specializing in Supply Chain Management. The transcript details his full academic history and performance at both undergraduate and graduate levels.
Este documento proporciona información sobre las características generales de WordPress. Explica que WordPress es un potente sistema de gestión de contenidos que permite configurar muchas opciones a través de la sección de ajustes del panel de administración. Detalla algunas de las configuraciones generales como el título del blog, la dirección URL y la configuración de fecha y hora. También habla sobre la opción de permitir que cualquier usuario se registre.
i. The city corporation and power company are shifting poles frequently, causing outages as fiber cables are still attached to old poles.
ii. Road authorities are also cutting fiber cables during road work without coordination.
iii. To resolve these issues, fibers will be permanently shifted to new poles after pole shifting work is complete, and road authorities will be communicated with earlier to prevent cable cutting during their work.
Les indications géographiques comme propriété intellectuelle: protéger la rép...ExternalEvents
http://www.fao.org/in-action/quality-and-origin-program/en
Les indications géographiques comme propriété intellectuelle: protéger la réputation des produits de qualité, MP. Rizo, Organisation Mondiale de la Propriété Intellectuelle (OMPI) (french)
Mohamed Fahim Ahmed is seeking a position as a human resources and legal specialist. He has over 10 years of experience in human resources management. He is educated in law and has several certificates in human resources management, English language skills, and Microsoft software. Currently, Mohamed works as a senior HR specialist for Alkan CIT, where his responsibilities include payroll processing, benefits administration, recruitment, and developing and implementing company policies. He is skilled in areas such as business administration, organizational policies, recruitment, policy implementation, communication, and computer applications.
This document provides information about the B-Line SB-160-A-2K-YZN adjustable stringer connector, including how to purchase it, payment and shipping options, warranty information, and additional services offered by Launch 3 Telecom such as repairs, maintenance contracts, de-installation, and recycling. Launch 3 Telecom is a telecom supplier that has served customers since 2003 and offers competitive pricing, quality customer service, and telecom expertise.
This document provides information about purchasing an Emerson AA25580L circuit breaker from Launch 3 Telecom. It describes how to purchase the product through their website or by phone, details their payment and shipping policies, and outlines the warranty and additional services offered, such as repairs, maintenance contracts, and equipment deinstallation.
This document provides information about purchasing a Harger S348 grounding rod from Launch 3 Telecom. It describes the product, payment and shipping options, warranty, and additional services offered by Launch 3 such as repairs, maintenance contracts, de-installation, and recycling. Launch 3 aims to provide quality customer service and competitive pricing for telecom hardware and Harger replacement parts.
This document contains a summary of an IT specialist's personal and professional details. It includes their name, contact information, education history, certifications, skills, experience, and sample projects. The specialist has a bachelor's degree in computing and information sciences, certifications in CCNA and fiber optics, and over 3 years of experience in network installation, CCTV design, and PBX programming for various educational and commercial clients in Saudi Arabia. Their roles have included determining materials, obtaining vendor quotes, executing installation work, and being responsible for showroom operations.
Este documento compara el comercio tradicional y el comercio electrónico, destacando las ventajas y desventajas de cada uno. Explica que el comercio electrónico ofrece muchas oportunidades para los comerciantes, como tener un canal adicional de ventas y abrir nuevos mercados, pero requiere una evaluación de sus desventajas. También recomienda que cada empresa establezca su porcentaje de comercio electrónico/tradicional para mejorar sus técnicas de marketing en el futuro.
Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Bamboo/Glass Fibers Reinforced Polyeste...IJERA Editor
The chemical resistance of Bamboo/Glass reinforced Polyester hybrid composites to acetic acid, Nitric acid,
Hydrochloric acid, Sodium hydroxide, Sodium carbonate, Benzene, Toluene, Carbon tetrachloride and Water
was studied. The tensile and impact properties of these composites were also studied. The effect of alkali
treatment of bamboo fibers on these properties was studied. It was observed that the tensile and impact
properties of the hybrid composites increase with glass fiber content. The author investigated the interfacial
bonding between Glsss/Bamboo fiber composites by SEM. These properties found to be higher when alkali
treated bamboo fibers were used in hybrid composites. The hybrid fiber composites showed better resistance to
the chemicals mentioned above. The elimination of amorphous hemi-cellulose with alkali treatment leading to
higher crystallinity of the bamboo fibers with alkali treatment may be responsible for these observations.
Study on Effect of Thickness and Fibre Orientation on a Tensile and Flexural ...IJERA Editor
This project presents the study of tensile, flexural & moisture absorption properties of composites made from S-glass, Carbon and E-glass fibre. The specimens are prepared using hand lay-up techniques as per ASTM standard for different thickness 2mm and 3mm and fibre orientation of 30º, 45º and 60º, where an attempt is made to study the properties of composite materials by composing the different materials together to obtain the desired properties by increasing the thickness and fibre orientation. By the variation of thickness tensile strength of hybrid composite is observed for each thickness and is compared with the finite element analysis results. The test ready specimens were subjected to tensile and flexural loads on UTM. This research indicates that tensile strength is mainly dependent on the fiber orientation & thickness of laminated polymer composites. The moisture absorption increases with the fibre, filler content and duration of immersion in water.
This document presents a study on the effect of thickness and fiber orientation on the tensile and flexural properties of a hybrid composite made from S-glass, carbon, and E-glass fibers. Specimens of different thicknesses (2mm and 3mm) and fiber orientations (30°, 45°, 60°) were prepared and tested according to ASTM standards. The test results showed that tensile strength was dependent on fiber orientation and thickness. Specifically, tensile strength increased with thickness and was highest at a 30° fiber orientation for both the 2mm and 3mm specimens.
Investigation on 3-body abrasive behaviour of glass fiber and ramie fiber rei...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an investigation into the three-body abrasive wear behavior of glass fiber and ramie fiber reinforced epoxy hybrid composites. Hybrid composites with varying proportions of glass and ramie fibers were manufactured using hand layup and tested for three-body abrasive wear under different parameters. The optimal parameters that resulted in the lowest wear rate were found to be A3 (30% ramie), B1 (580g load), and C2 (2000m sliding distance). Sliding distance was the most significant influencing factor on wear, followed by load, while fiber proportion was the least influencing. SEM analysis showed micro-plucking, micro-cutting and micro-cracks on worn surfaces. The Ra10
Developments of nano clay particle reinforced plastics are of growing interest towards the
emergence of new materials which enhance optimal utilization of natural resources and particularly of
renewable resources. The effects of nano clay as filler in Basalt–epoxy composite systems on the
tribological properties have been discussed in this article. Basalt fiber reinforced epoxy (BE) composite
finds widespread application in erosive environment due to its several advantages like high wear
resistance, high strength-to-weight ratio and low cost. Experiments were carried out to study the effects
of impingement angle, particle velocity and filler material on the solid particle erosive wear behavior of
BE composite. The erosive wear is evaluated at different impingement angles from 30° to 90° at three
different velocities of 23, 42, & 60 m/s. The erodent used is silica sand with the size range (150 – 280 µm)
of irregular shape. The result shows semi-ductile behavior with maximum erosion rate at 60°
impingement angle. It is observed that wear rate increases with increasing particle velocity and
decreases with increases of filler percentage. The morphology of the eroded surfaces was examined by
using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Experimental Evaluation of effect of filler on tensile behaviour of E-glass/e...IJRES Journal
The present work describes the processing and tensile characterization of polymer matrix composites (PMC). Two types of E-glass laminates namely woven and chopped are used as a reinforcing materials and epoxy resin constitutes matrix system. Several works has been carried out to prove that strength of glass fibre composites progressively increased with adding fillers. Keeping this in mind the present work successeded in using wollastonite as a filler material, tensile test samples from both woven and chopped type were prepared and tests are conducted as per ASTM standards and corresponding results are tabulated and discussed. The present work also highlights the tensile strength for both woven and chopped laminates were compared. It is observed that use of wollastonite filler influences greatly on tensile properties of polymer matrix composites. And it is also cleared that woven laminates shows higher resistance to tensile loading as compared to chopped laminates.
This document discusses the design and analysis of a composite bolt made of glass fiber and epoxy resin. It begins with an abstract that outlines the objectives of creating a low-cost composite bolt using glass fiber reinforcement in an epoxy matrix. It then reviews previous literature on composite materials and bolted joints, which found that addition of glass fibers increases strength and stiffness. The document describes the materials and methods used, including hand lay-up of epoxy resin reinforced with glass fibers. It presents results of testing the composite bolts and comparing the mechanical properties of unidirectional and bidirectional fiber orientations.
Effect of Nanoparticles on E-Glass Fiber Epoxy Resin CompositesIJMER
In the present work fabrication of composite material(E-Glass Fiber Epoxy Resin +
NANO CaCO3) was carried out and their tensile properties viz tensile strength, tensile
strain(%),young's modulus, energy at maximum load and brihnall hardness number were found.
Specimens of E-Glass Fiber Epoxy Resin) hybrid composites are prepared with four different
compositions of nano-calcium carbonate (CaCO3), viz., 0,3,5 and 7%.Each specimen consisting of
40%GF. The specimens are prepared by hand lay up method.. Tests are conducted on these specimens
to determine the tensile strength, tensile strain, young's modulus energy at maximum load and
hardness number at room temperature using universal testing machine and Brihnell hardness testing
machine. The influence of the nano-CaCO3 content on the mechanical properties tensile of hybrid
composites was studied. It is found that the reinforcing and toughening effects of the E-Glass epoxy
hybrid composites are increased by adding nano-CaCO3.The tensile strength, tensile strain, young’s
modulus and energy at max load of these composites increased nonlinearly with the addition of the
nano-CaCO3
Composites are engineered materials made from two or more constituents with different physical or chemical
properties, which remain separate and distinct within the finished structure. A fiber is a material, which is made into
a long filament with diameter generally in the order of 10 microns. The aspect ratio of length to diameter can be
ranging from thousands to infinity in continuous fibers. Increasing worldwide environmental awareness is
encouraging scientific research into the development of cheaper, more environmentally friendly and more
sustainable construction and packing materials. For environment concern on synthetic fiber (such as glass, carbon,
ceramic gibers etc) natural fibers (such as flax, hemp, jute, kenai) etc are widely used. Industrial hemp fiber is one
of the strongest of the natural fibers available and possesses benefits such as low cost and low production energy
requirements. The primary objective of this research is to fabricate the natural fiber composites with suitable
processing/manufacturing methods and to examine the mechanical properties when subjected to Tension, Bending
and to compare & contrast the results with the available literature. In this research work, hemp fiber reinforced
Epoxy matrix composites have been developed by hand layup method with varying process parameters, such as
coupling agent(with and without compatibilizers) and different fiber percentages (10%,20% and 30% by weight).
The developed composites were then characterized by tensile test and flexural testing. Results show that the tensile
strength and flexural properties increases with the increase in fiber percentage. However after a certain percentage
the tensile strength decreases again. Compared to untreated hemp fiber, no significant changes in the tensile strength
have been observed for treated hemp fiber reinforcement. The flexural strength / modulus of the composite were
higher compared to pure epoxy for all filler/fiber loadings.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Influence of Carbon & Glass Fiber Reinforcements on Flexural Strength of Epox...IJERA Editor
Hybrid composite materials are more attracted by the engineers because of their properties like stiffness and high specific strength which leads to the potential application in the area of aerospace, marine and automobile sectors. In the present investigation, the flexural strength and flexural modulus of carbon and glass fibers reinforced epoxy hybrid composites were studied. The vacuum bagging technique was adopted for the fabrication of polymer hybrid composite materials. The hardness, flexural strength and flexural modulus of the hybrid composites were determined as per ASTM standards. The hardness, flexural strength and flexural modulus were improved as the fiber reinforcement contents increased in the epoxy matrix material.
The document summarizes research on developing hybrid composite materials made from aramid, onion, and glass fibers reinforced with epoxy resin. The researchers studied the flexural and tensile properties of the composites and the effect of alkali treating the fibers. They found that alkali treating the fibers improved the mechanical properties and bonding within the composites. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed that alkali treatment made the fiber surfaces rougher, improving bonding to the epoxy matrix. The chemical resistance of the composites was also evaluated.
Role of Natural and Synthetic Fillers on Erosive Wear Behavior of Basalt -Epo...IJRES Journal
An investigation was made to evaluate the effect of the incorporation of bio-based jatropha oil cake (JOC), Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and Clay on the erosive wear behavior of Basalt-epoxy (BE) hybrid composites. A Vacuum-Assisted Resin Infusion (VARI) technique was employed to obtain a filled and unfilled B-E composites. The effect of different impact velocities (20 and 40 m/s) and angle of impingement from 300 to 900 on the performance of the wear resistance of the composites were measured. The results of erosive wear losses, angle of impingement, and impact velocity and erosion rate of 3% of TiO2 and JOC filled and unfilled B-E composites are analyzed and discussed. The worn surface features of unfilled and filled B-E composites were examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
Fabrication and Experimental Study of Mechanical Properties of GFRP with Whit...IRJET Journal
The document summarizes a study on the fabrication and experimental analysis of the mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites with the addition of white cement as a filler material. GFRP samples were created with 0%, 5%, and 10% white cement filler by weight. Tensile and flexural tests according to ASTM standards found that the tensile strength decreased with increased cement content, while flexural strength increased. The study concluded that the mechanical properties of GFRP composites are influenced by the amount of cement filler added.
Experimental Study on Strength of Concrete with Addition of Chopped Glass FiberIRJET Journal
This study experimentally investigated the effect of adding chopped glass fibers on the strength properties of concrete. Glass fibers were added at 0.3%, 0.5%, and 0.7% of the total binder content. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of concrete specimens containing different amounts of glass fibers were tested at 7 and 28 days. The results showed that the strengths increased with higher glass fiber content, with the 0.7% fiber mix achieving the highest strengths. Non-destructive rebound hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests also indicated that concretes with glass fibers had better strength and quality than plain concrete without fibers.
This document summarizes research on the mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced polyester composites with varying fiber weight percentages (15-60%). Composites were produced using hand lay-up and tested for tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, and hardness. Test results showed the mechanical properties improved with increasing fiber content. Tensile strength increased from 28.25 to 78.83 MPa, flexural strength from 44.65 to 119.23 MPa, and impact energy from 3.50 to 6.50 Joules. Hardness increased from 31.5 to 47 BHN. The composite with 60% fiber content exhibited the best mechanical properties.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This document discusses a study on the fatigue analysis of glass fiber reinforced composites. It describes how glass fiber reinforced epoxy laminate composite samples were manufactured using vacuum bagging technique. The samples were then cut and tested under varying cyclic loads on a fatigue testing machine. The results showed that the glass fiber reinforced composites could withstand fatigue loads efficiently compared to aluminum and the number of cycles before failure decreased as the applied load increased. The document concludes that future work could extend these tests under different loading conditions to improve stress variation understanding and enable application in aircraft structures.
Tensile and Impact Properties of Natural Fiber Hybrid Composite MaterialsIJMER
This paper is a review on the tensile and impact properties of natural fiber hybrid composites.
Natural fibers are having good mechanical properties, high specific strength, low cost, bio-degradable
and easily can recyclable through thermal methods. In this paper two different hybrid composites were
manufactured by compression molding and properties of tensile and impact results are conducted as per
ASTM standards. In this project three different fibers such as sisal, jute and glass with thermosets epoxy
resin used with weight ratio of fiber to resin as 15:15:70.Results showed that sisal/glass hybrid composite
has more tensile and impact strength while comparing to sisal/jute hybrid composite.
Hybrid polymer composites are the materials made by combining two or more
different type of fibers in a matrix. Hybrid polymer composite material offers the
designer to obtain the required properties in a controlled considerable extent by the
choice of fibers and matrix. The properties are tailored in the material by selecting
different kinds of fiber incorporated in the same resin matrix. They offer wide range of
properties that cannot be obtained with a single type of reinforcement. Due to its high
specific strengths, high specific modulus, low densities, light weight etc. based on its
applications. Presently they are playing a vital role in aerospace, defence, transport,
sport applications. Worldwide researches are keenly interested in finding out their
behavior in real life exposed to various environmental conditions, variety of loads etc.
In this paper, We fabricated carbon, e-glass and hybrid composites by using hand
layup technique in uni-directional orientation with epoxy as a matrix material and
conducted various tests such as tensile, compression on Universal Testing Machine
(UTM) and hardness. The results are validated with FEA and observed that Al-6061-
T6 which is used in manufacturing of military aircraft landing mats, truck bodies and
frames etc. has a tensile strength of about 310.25Mpa.The tensile strength of hybrid
fiber is 341Mpa which is higher than Al 6061-T6. We have compared the
experimental results with ansys results and found that the experimental values are
very close to the ansys results. But when compared within the fibers carbon fiber
exhibited more strength when compared to other fibers
Similar to Effect of fibers on Hybrid Matrix Composites (20)
A high-Speed Communication System is based on the Design of a Bi-NoC Router, ...DharmaBanothu
The Network on Chip (NoC) has emerged as an effective
solution for intercommunication infrastructure within System on
Chip (SoC) designs, overcoming the limitations of traditional
methods that face significant bottlenecks. However, the complexity
of NoC design presents numerous challenges related to
performance metrics such as scalability, latency, power
consumption, and signal integrity. This project addresses the
issues within the router's memory unit and proposes an enhanced
memory structure. To achieve efficient data transfer, FIFO buffers
are implemented in distributed RAM and virtual channels for
FPGA-based NoC. The project introduces advanced FIFO-based
memory units within the NoC router, assessing their performance
in a Bi-directional NoC (Bi-NoC) configuration. The primary
objective is to reduce the router's workload while enhancing the
FIFO internal structure. To further improve data transfer speed,
a Bi-NoC with a self-configurable intercommunication channel is
suggested. Simulation and synthesis results demonstrate
guaranteed throughput, predictable latency, and equitable
network access, showing significant improvement over previous
designs
Height and depth gauge linear metrology.pdfq30122000
Height gauges may also be used to measure the height of an object by using the underside of the scriber as the datum. The datum may be permanently fixed or the height gauge may have provision to adjust the scale, this is done by sliding the scale vertically along the body of the height gauge by turning a fine feed screw at the top of the gauge; then with the scriber set to the same level as the base, the scale can be matched to it. This adjustment allows different scribers or probes to be used, as well as adjusting for any errors in a damaged or resharpened probe.
Supermarket Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
Supermarket management is a stand-alone J2EE using Eclipse Juno program.
This project contains all the necessary required information about maintaining
the supermarket billing system.
The core idea of this project to minimize the paper work and centralize the
data. Here all the communication is taken in secure manner. That is, in this
application the information will be stored in client itself. For further security the
data base is stored in the back-end oracle and so no intruders can access it.
Digital Twins Computer Networking Paper Presentation.pptxaryanpankaj78
A Digital Twin in computer networking is a virtual representation of a physical network, used to simulate, analyze, and optimize network performance and reliability. It leverages real-time data to enhance network management, predict issues, and improve decision-making processes.
Open Channel Flow: fluid flow with a free surfaceIndrajeet sahu
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ISSN: 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 10, ( Part -3) October 2016, pp.26-31
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Effect of fibers on Hybrid Matrix Composites
A.Manikandan*1
, V.Mahesh Sharan 2
1 & 2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Panimalar Engineering College, Chennai-123.
ABSTRACT
Frictional co-efficient, impact quality; dielectric quality and compound resistance examination of bamboo/glass
strands strengthened epoxy half breed composites were considered. Two distinctive crossover composites, for
example, treated and untreated bamboo filaments were manufactured and impact of soluble base treatment of
the bamboo strands on these properties were additionally concentrated on. It was watched that, effect quality
and frictional co-proficient properties of the half and half composites increment with expansion in glass fiber
content. These properties observed to be higher when salt treated bamboo filaments were utilized as a part of the
half breed composites. It is watched that, concoction resistance was fundamentally increments for all chemicals
with the exception of carbon tetrachloride. The disposal of nebulous hemi-cellulose with salt treatment
prompting higher crystallinity of the bamboo filaments with antacid treatment may in charge of these
perceptions. The impact of salt treatment on the holding between glass/bamboo composites was additionally
concentrated on. Checking electron magnifying lens (SEM) were additionally directed on the cross segments of
broke surfaces with a specific end goal to rate the execution crossover composites were likewise conferred bear
natural products.
Keywords: Bamboo fiber, Glass fiber, Hybrid composites, Mechanical properties.
I. INTRODUCTION
In each car and air ship parts producing
commercial enterprises, the glass with regular
filaments are utilized in view of their flexibility to
various circumstances and the relative simplicity of
blends with different materials to fill particular need
and show craved properties. Phenomenal plastics
utilizations are inescapable in nowadays as it is
adaptable material that fits numerous employments.
The turnaround in support plastic happened not due
to shading and strength for family unit items
additionally in light of the fact that plastics as an
embellishment got to be in vogue and trailblazers.
Along these lines this is the day of plastics
(composites). Glass fiber fortified composites
because of their high particular quality and particular
firmness have gotten to be alluring auxiliary
materials in weight delicate aviation, car commercial
enterprises, as well as in marine, protective layer,
railroads, structural building structures, sports
merchandise and so forth. Epoxy sap is the most
Normally utilized polymer lattice with strengthening
strands for cutting edge composites applications.
They are being utilized broadly as a lattice to hold
the superior fiber fortification together in composite
materials, and an auxiliary glue. Among all
fortifying filaments, common strands have increased
considerable significance as fortifications in polymer
lattice composites.
A great deal of work has been finished by
numerous exploration hopefuls on these composites
in light of these filaments. In any case, little work
was investigated about the glass/bamboo half breed
strands as these offers a scope of properties that can't
be acquired with a solitary sort of support. The glass
and the bamboo filaments were joined in the same
network to create cross breed composites which
confer particular properties that can't be acquired
with a solitary sort of support. Consequently creator's
principle center is to manufacture propelled
composite materials which can good with all
conceivable commercial ventures.
Fig. 1 The variation of impact strength with the ratio
of % Glass/bamboo fibers reinforced epoxy
composites
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS
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Fig. 2 Variation of the dielectric strength as a
function of Glass/bamboo fiber reinforced epoxy
composites.
In the present work, the bamboo & glass
fiber reinforced high performance epoxy hybrid
composites were developed to identify impact
properties with fiber content (with varying ratio of
glass/bamboo fibers) were studied. In the present
work, the authors fabricated and investigated the
interfacial bonding between glass/bamboo reinforced
epoxy composites.
The effect of alkali treatment on the bonding
between glass / bamboo composites was also studied.
II. METHODOLOGY
2.1. Materials
Superior epoxy pitch LY 556 and the curing
operator hardener HY 951 framework were utilized
as the grid. Bamboo filaments were secured from
Tripura condition of India in the dried structure.
Some of these strands were absorbed 1% NaOH
answer for 30 min. to evacuate any oily material and
hemi cellulose, washed altogether in refined water
and dried under the sun for one week. The glass
slashed strand mat was utilized as a part of making
the cross breed composite rate.
2.2. Preparation of the Composite and the Test
Specimens
For making the composite, a trim box was
set up with glass with 200 mm 200 mm 3 mm mold
cavity. The mold hole was covered with a dainty
layer of watery arrangement of poly vinyl liquor
(PVA) which goes about as a decent discharging
operator. Further a slight covering of hard wax was
laid over it lastly another slim layer of PVA was
covered. Every coat was permitted to dry for 20 min.
at room temperature. A 3 mm thick plate was
produced using the epoxy and hardener taken in the
proportion of 100 and 10 sections by weight
individually. At that point the embellishment box
was stacked with the framework blend and drumstick
and glass fiber in arbitrary introduction (with
changing rate) and was set in vacuum stove which
was kept up at 1000C for 3 hours to finish the curing.
Subsequent to curing, the plate was expelled from
the embellishment box with basic tappering and it
was cut into tests for effect test with measurements
of. 120 mm x 13mm x 3 mm are cut according to
ASTM D 256-88 particulars For examination
purpose the example for lattice material were
additionally arranged in comparative lines. For
Scanning electron magnifying lens examination the
cryogenically cooled and broke example surfaces
were gold covered and the cracks surface was
watched utilizing filtering electron magnifying lens.
2.3. Frictional Co-efficient and Impact Load
Measurement
The frictional co-efficient is obtained from
friction test (FX-7100) which is performed by sliding
a pin on a sample disc at 23ºC and 45% relative
humidity. Before each test, the surface of counterpart
pin is abraded with No. 1000 abrasive paper and
cleaned with alcohol-dipped cotton, followed by
drying. This friction test consisted of a rectangular
composite pin sliding against composite sheets.
Another friction test is also performed at sliding
velocity of 0.5 mm/s and the loads are varied from 1,
5 and 10 N during 20 cycles. Thus the friction
coefficient is measured. The impact strength is
determined using IZOD impact tester. The test
specimens with dimensions 120 mm x 13mm x 3
mm are cut as per ASTM D 256-88 specifications. In
each case five specimens are tested and average
value is recorded.
Fig. 3 Variation of frictional co-efficient as a
function of glass/bamboo fibre on untreated hybrid
composites during 20 cycles.
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Fig. 4 Variation of frictional co-efficient as a
function of glass/bamboo fibre on treated hybrid
composites during 20 cycles.
2.4. Dielectric Strength
The composite examples were made
according to the ASTM D 149 to gauge the dielectric
quality. The examples having measurements of
120mm x 120mm x 3mm are fortified with filaments
in a solitary course along 120mm length. The
dielectric separate voltage is resolved at five focuses
for every example, and normal quality was
considered for examination. The focuses chose are
sufficiently inaccessible so that there
is no flashover. The test is carried out at 50Hz
frequency and room temperature. Digital micrometer
of 0.001mm least count is used to find the thickness
of the specimen at break down point and the test was
repeated for all specimens fabricated from different
kinds of fibres.
2.5. Chemical Resistance Test
To ponder the synthetic resistance of the
composites, the test strategy ASTM D 543-87 [9]
was utilized. Three acids, three salts and four
solvents were utilized for this reason. Acidic
corrosive, nitric corrosive, hydrochloric corrosive,
ammonium hydroxide, fluid sodium carbonate,
watery sodium hydroxide, carbon tetrachloride,
benzene, toluene, and refined water were utilized
after cleansing. For every situation, the examples
(5x5x3) mm3 were pre-said something an exactness
electrical adjust and plunged in the individual
synthetic reagents for 24 hrs. They were then
evacuated and instantly washed in refined water and
dried by squeezing them on both sides with a
channel paper at room temperature as portrayed
somewhere else [7]. The treated samples were then
re-weighed and the percentage loss/gain was
determined using the equation:
2.6. Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis
A Jeol JSM-6400 Japan scanning electron
microscope (SEM) at 15 kV accelerating voltage
equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS)
to identify the clay particles in the nanocomposites.
The fractured surfaces were gold coated with a thin
film to increase the conductance for SEM for
analysis.
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1. Impact Strength Tests
The variety of effect quality with the
proportion of rate glass/bamboo fiber in these
composites is displayed in Figure 1. For this
situation additionally the half breed composites are
found to have great effect properties. On account of
most extreme quality, the qualities change between
36 to 430 MPa. The effect quality of these
composites was observed to be upgraded when
antacid treated bamboo filaments were utilized as a
part of the cross breed composites. Comparative
perception was made by Varada Rajulu et al [2 – 9]
and Srinivasulu et al [10] on account of some
bamboo composites and polymer covered bamboo
filaments.
3.2. Dielectric Strength Test
It is also worth noticing that the dielectric
strength of hybrid fibre composites (Figure 2)
increases with increase in volume fraction of fibre in
the composite in the present study. This is a very rare
phenomenon which is not observed in many of the
natural fibre composites. Dielectric strength of
hybrid fibre composites investigated in the present
research
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Fig. 5 SEM of untreated bamboo fiber (a) and (b) at two regions 100x magnification and (c) and (d) at two
regions 200x magnification
Fig. 6 SEM of treated bamboo fiber (a) and (b) at two regions 100x magnification and
(c) and (d) at two regions 200x magnification
Table 1 Effect of chemicals on neat epoxy matrix and hybrid composites at % change in weight after dipping
for 24hr.
Chemical Neat GF/Bamboo
epoxy Hybrid composite
Hydrochloric acid +1.207 +0.873
Acetic acid +1.262 +0.241
Nitric acid +2.459 +1.678
Sodium hydroxide +1.124 +0.568
Sodium Carbonate +0.295 +0.245
Ammonium Hydroxide +0.989 +0.767
Benzene +2.330 +10.426
Toluene +2.459 +4.810
Carbon tetrachloride -2.921 -2.145
Distilled water +1.634 +1.023
work of the hybrid composite can certainly be considered for electrical insulation applications.
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3.3. Frictional Co-efficient Test
For the perfect epoxy, the frictional
coefficient is expanded with an expanding of burden
power. The frictional coefficients of the composites
are unmistakably diminished, particularly at a higher
power. The bringing down of the grating, i.e., better
tribological property, is fundamentally distinguished
at 40/0 wt% of glass fiber/bamboo content. The
contact coefficients for untreated are higher when
contrasted and treated for the same filler content.
Variety of frictional co-effective after 20 cycles of
GF/bamboo fiber filled epoxy under a sliding pace of
0.5 mm/s and changing heaps of 1N, 5N and 10N, as
an element of half and half fiber are introduced in
Figure 3 and 4. It is seen that the rubbing coefficients
significantly diminished with expansion in fiber
stacking at the chose sliding rate. It is further seen
that frictional co-productive qualities enhanced
astoundingly at low load power furthermore
increment with burden power.
3.4. Chemical Resistance Test
Chemical resistance of neat epoxy and
hybrid composites are tabulated in the Table 1. It is
evident that weight is increased for matrix after
immersion. This is understandable as the matrix is
well cross linked and as a result swelling takes place
instead of dissolution. These composites proved to
be good resistance to attack on chemicals except
carbon tetrachloride.
3.5. Morphology Test on Cross Sections of
Fractured Surfaces
To probe the bonding between the
reinforcement and matrix, the scanning electron
micrograms of fractured surfaces of glass/bamboo
reinforced epoxy hybrid composites were recorded.
These micrograms were recorded at different
magnifications and regions. The analysis of the
micrograms of the composites prepared under
different conditions is presented in the following
paragraphs.
3.5.1. Untreated bamboo fiber
The micrograms of broke surfaces of
untreated bamboo fiber are displayed in Fig. 2 (a)-
(d). Figures (an) and (b) speaks to the fractograms at
two districts with an amplification of 100X. Figure 2
(c) and (d) are the fractograms at these locales at
amplification of 200X. From every one of these
micrograms, it is obvious that fiber pullout is
watched, demonstrating a poor holding between the
filaments. At the point when the interfacial holding
is poor, the mechanical properties of the composites
will be second rate. All the mechanical properties of
the glass/bamboo fiber composites concentrated on
show that these properties are the minimum for these
composites with untreated bamboo strands. Poor
people attachment is demonstrated in Fig 2
underpins this perception.
3.5.2. Treated bamboo fiber
The fractograms of alkali treated bamboo
fiber composites are presented in figures 3 (a), (b),
(c) and (d). These fractograms were recorded at two
different regions and 100X and 200 X
magnifications. From these micrograms it is clearly
evident that the surface of the fibers becomes rough
on alkali treatment. The elimination of hemi-
cellulose from the surface of the bamboo fiber may
be responsible for the roughening of the surface.
Here, though the bonding is improved, fiber pullout
is reduced. Thus the alkali treatment improved the
bonding. This is in accordance with the mechanical
properties of these composites.
IV. CONCLUSION
The cross breed composites of glass/bamboo
fiber strengthened epoxy were made keeping in mind
the end goal to assess frictional and sway properties,
dielectric quality, concoction resistance and SEM
investigation contemplated. The impact of antacid
treatment of the bamboo strands on these properties
was examined. The half and half composites with
salt treated bamboo strands were found to have
higher effect properties. Treated composites likewise
demonstrated that they have great dielectric
properties at 40/0 bamboo/glass fiber weight
proportion. These treated mixture composites were
improved great mechanical properties at
glass/bamboo: 40/0. Synthetic resistance enhanced
essentially for every one of the chemicals with the
exception of carbon tetrachloride. The disposal of
shapeless powerless hemi cellulose parts from the
bamboo strands on salt treatment might be in charge
of this conduct.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Authors would thank for both Dept. of Pharmacy and
Dept. of Polymer science and Technology at
S.V.Univesity, Anantapur for providing laboratories
and other facilities.
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