This document provides an overview of the Europeana Data Model (EDM) and how it can be used to represent audio and sound cultural heritage objects within Europeana. It describes the key EDM classes - ProvidedCHO, WebResource, Aggregation, and contextual classes like Agent, Place, TimeSpan and Concept. It also outlines the EDM profile for sounds, which specifies additional properties and subclasses to better describe audio objects and their relationships in EDM. The document aims to help providers understand how to represent sound objects and their associated metadata and digital resources using the EDM framework.
The document discusses the Europeana Data Model (EDM) and its profile for sounds. It describes the key EDM classes used to represent cultural heritage objects, including edm:ProvidedCHO for the object itself, edm:WebResource for digital representations, and ore:Aggregation to group them. It provides examples of using EDM properties to describe audiovisual content and highlights additional classes and properties specified in the EDM profile for sounds.
The document discusses the basics of sound and music capabilities in MIDP 2.0, including the Media API subset called the Audio Building Block. It describes playing audio files of different content types like WAV, MP3, and MIDI. The relationship between classes like Manager, DataSource and Player for controlling audio playback is also covered at a high level.
This document discusses data storage formats for different types of multimedia files. It begins by explaining that sound, pictures, video, text and numbers are stored digitally in different formats. It then discusses various file formats for storing audio like MIDI, MP3, WAV and lossy/lossless compression techniques. For images, it covers JPEG, GIF and vector/bitmap formats. Video compression techniques like MPEG and MP4 are also summarized. The document concludes by covering text/number representation using ASCII and error detection methods like parity checks and checksums.
This document provides a glossary of terms related to sound design and production for computer games. It defines terms such as foley artistry, sound libraries, file formats like .wav and .aiff, compression types, audio hardware limitations, and audio configurations like mono, stereo, and surround sound. For each term, it provides a short definition and links to external sources, as well as describing the relevance of the term to the document author's own production practice. The glossary is intended to research and gather definitions for provided terms as part of a BTEC course assignment on sound design for computer games.
Publication of Europeana Sounds data in EuropeanaEuropeana_Sounds
The document discusses the publication of sound recordings from the Europeana Sounds project in Europeana. Over 26,000 sound records were published in May 2015 with more to be added in June. It provides information on the processes for new submissions, updates, and feedback. Guidelines are given on metadata quality like mandatory properties and direct links. Enriching data with sound vocabularies is also discussed to improve presentation in the Europeana Music channel. Help and guidance resources are listed for working with Europeana Professional and the Content inbox.
EDM - American Art Collaborative LOD MeetingAntoine Isaac
Presentation at a seminar on linked data and art museums at the Smithsonian Institute, April 29 2013.
Other presentations at http://lodlam.net/2013/05/07/linked-open-data-in-art/
An introduction to the Europeana Data Model and services in the context of creating benchmarks for a cultural heritage data set. Presented at the Linked Data Benchmark Council Technical User Committee in London in November 2013.
Fondly Collisions: Archival hierarchy and the Europeana Data Model Valentine Charles
This document discusses representing archival hierarchies in Europeana using the Europeana Data Model (EDM). It provides an example of converting a finding aid encoded in EAD to EDM to represent the hierarchical structure. Remaining challenges include representing hierarchies when metadata or digital representations are missing for certain levels. Publishing hierarchical data for both developers and end users is discussed.
The document discusses the Europeana Data Model (EDM) and its profile for sounds. It describes the key EDM classes used to represent cultural heritage objects, including edm:ProvidedCHO for the object itself, edm:WebResource for digital representations, and ore:Aggregation to group them. It provides examples of using EDM properties to describe audiovisual content and highlights additional classes and properties specified in the EDM profile for sounds.
The document discusses the basics of sound and music capabilities in MIDP 2.0, including the Media API subset called the Audio Building Block. It describes playing audio files of different content types like WAV, MP3, and MIDI. The relationship between classes like Manager, DataSource and Player for controlling audio playback is also covered at a high level.
This document discusses data storage formats for different types of multimedia files. It begins by explaining that sound, pictures, video, text and numbers are stored digitally in different formats. It then discusses various file formats for storing audio like MIDI, MP3, WAV and lossy/lossless compression techniques. For images, it covers JPEG, GIF and vector/bitmap formats. Video compression techniques like MPEG and MP4 are also summarized. The document concludes by covering text/number representation using ASCII and error detection methods like parity checks and checksums.
This document provides a glossary of terms related to sound design and production for computer games. It defines terms such as foley artistry, sound libraries, file formats like .wav and .aiff, compression types, audio hardware limitations, and audio configurations like mono, stereo, and surround sound. For each term, it provides a short definition and links to external sources, as well as describing the relevance of the term to the document author's own production practice. The glossary is intended to research and gather definitions for provided terms as part of a BTEC course assignment on sound design for computer games.
Publication of Europeana Sounds data in EuropeanaEuropeana_Sounds
The document discusses the publication of sound recordings from the Europeana Sounds project in Europeana. Over 26,000 sound records were published in May 2015 with more to be added in June. It provides information on the processes for new submissions, updates, and feedback. Guidelines are given on metadata quality like mandatory properties and direct links. Enriching data with sound vocabularies is also discussed to improve presentation in the Europeana Music channel. Help and guidance resources are listed for working with Europeana Professional and the Content inbox.
EDM - American Art Collaborative LOD MeetingAntoine Isaac
Presentation at a seminar on linked data and art museums at the Smithsonian Institute, April 29 2013.
Other presentations at http://lodlam.net/2013/05/07/linked-open-data-in-art/
An introduction to the Europeana Data Model and services in the context of creating benchmarks for a cultural heritage data set. Presented at the Linked Data Benchmark Council Technical User Committee in London in November 2013.
Fondly Collisions: Archival hierarchy and the Europeana Data Model Valentine Charles
This document discusses representing archival hierarchies in Europeana using the Europeana Data Model (EDM). It provides an example of converting a finding aid encoded in EAD to EDM to represent the hierarchical structure. Remaining challenges include representing hierarchies when metadata or digital representations are missing for certain levels. Publishing hierarchical data for both developers and end users is discussed.
December 2, 2015: NISO/NFAIS Virtual Conference: Semantic Web: What's New and...DeVonne Parks, CEM
This document discusses Europeana's use of semantic web technologies and linked data to improve access to cultural heritage collections. It summarizes that Europeana aggregates metadata from various cultural institutions to provide access to over 48 million digitized objects. It has implemented the Europeana Data Model to represent metadata in a more granular, semantically linked way using vocabularies like GeoNames, DBpedia, and AAT. This has enabled automatic enrichment of metadata as well as multilingual and conceptual searching. Linked open data approaches provide technical and strategic benefits to Europeana by facilitating data sharing and enrichment across domains.
Validation of Europeana data: application profile, OWL ontology, or else?Antoine Isaac
This document discusses validation of data submitted to Europeana using the Europeana Data Model (EDM). It analyzes expressing EDM constraints as an application profile, OWL ontology, XML Schema, or Schematron rules. While an OWL ontology adds some semantics, an application profile approach using the Dublin Core Application Profile specification and SPARQL constraints may be best. This meets Europeana's validation needs while avoiding adding unintended semantics to existing vocabularies like ORE. Further testing is needed, but application profiles show promise for expressing data constraints in a way that is understandable for both humans and machines.
Europeana is a service that aggregates metadata from cultural heritage institutions across Europe, making over 30 million objects accessible online. It uses the Europeana Data Model to standardize metadata in a way that balances granularity and compatibility with existing standards. The EDM defines classes for provided cultural works, related agents, concepts, and places to provide richer semantic descriptions. Europeana makes this metadata and links to digital objects freely available via its website and API to promote open access to cultural heritage.
Achieving Interoperability between the CARARE Schema for Monuments and Sites ...Antoine Isaac
This document discusses mapping the metadata schema for the CARARE project to the Europeana Data Model (EDM). CARARE aggregates cultural heritage content for archaeology and historic buildings and provides it to Europeana. The mapping identifies correspondences between elements in the two models so CARARE can submit good metadata to Europeana. It examines different scenarios for how CARARE heritage assets and digital resources map to EDM classes like ProvidedCulturalHeritageObject and WebResource. The mapping provides better metadata for 2 million CARARE objects in Europeana and prompted updates to schemas. It confirms EDM is relevant for aggregations and shows metadata mapping requires human supervision.
Europeana is a digital platform that aggregates over 30 million cultural heritage objects from various European institutions. It aims to make this content openly accessible online through its website, apps, and APIs. The Europeana Data Model was created to better structure metadata and link objects to related entities and multilingual descriptions. Europeana seeks to facilitate reuse of this content through its linked open data approach and by distinguishing between rights for metadata and digital objects. It also works on innovations like semantic search and annotation to help users discover and interact with the cultural heritage materials.
This document provides an overview of Europeana Sounds' metadata ingestion plan and targets. It discusses the four main stages of aggregation: content selection, metadata preparation, metadata ingestion, and metadata curation. It outlines the targets for metadata sets to be ingested by certain milestones. Progress will be measured against targets in the Description of Work. The document provides guidance on metadata quality, rights, and using controlled vocabularies to enhance discovery.
European databases in cultural heritage: making connectionsCARARE
This document summarizes information about several European databases and initiatives for sharing cultural heritage data online. It introduces CARARE, which helps institutions share digital content with Europeana. It then discusses Europeana, a platform for over 50 million digital cultural heritage items, including 1.5 million archaeology items. The document outlines challenges of aggregating data from different sources and standards into Europeana, and how CARARE and other aggregators work to map metadata into a common format. It also introduces the ARIADNE Plus research infrastructure, which aims to support archaeology researchers through an online catalogue of datasets and related services and tools.
Next Generation Research with Europeana: the Humanities and Cultural Heritage...Nuno Freire
Presentation at the DH2019 workshop 'Next Generation Research with Europeana: the Humanities and Cultural Heritage in a Digital Perspective', by Hugo Manguinhas and Nuno Freire.
Part I: General introduction of the Europeana APIs
On this part, Hugo Manguinhas and Nuno Freire - who are respectively the Europeana Product Manager API and the Europeana Senior Data Specialist - will introduce the range of APIs that make up the Europeana offer and will explain the model behind them, the Europeana Data Model (EDM). In addition, Manguinhas will make a brief tutorial on the Search and Record API taking Newspapers items as the main exploration use case.
Part II: APIs related to historical Newspapers
Behind the Europeana Newspapers Collection is a set of APIs that apply IIIF as their core technology. This part will walk the audience through the APIs and IIIF, explaining what data is available and how it is structured with a primary focus on the full-text associated with historical Newspapers. Manguinhas will also explain how large amounts of data can be accessed using the OAI-PMH service or downloaded directly as dumps.
Part III: Open discussion and feedback
We will end by asking the audience for feedback, including on how the Europeana APIs could be of use to the Research community
Mapping cross-domain metadata to the Europeana Data Model (EDM) - EDM introd...Valentine Charles
- The document introduces the Europeana Data Model (EDM), which was created to allow Europeana to ingest metadata from various sources and domains while maintaining granularity and semantics.
- EDM uses standards like Dublin Core, CIDOC-CRM, and RDF to distinguish cultural heritage objects from their representations and metadata, and to represent relationships between objects and contextual information.
- EDM profiles allow communities to build on EDM to meet their specific needs while maintaining interoperability, and it has been adopted by projects beyond Europeana seeking interoperable metadata.
Metadata for web ontologies and rules: current practices and perspectivesCarlos Tejo-Alonso
The Semantic Web contains a number of dierent knowledge artifacts, including OWL ontologies, RIF rule sets and RDF datasets. Efective exchange and management of these artifacts demand the use of metadata and prompt availability of accurate reference documentation. In this paper, we analyze the current practices in metadata usage for OWL ontologies, and we propose a vocabulary for annotating RIF rules. We also introduce a software tool {Parrot{ that exploits these annotations and produces reference documentation for combinations of ontologies and rules.
http://www.springerlink.com/content/t3777727338n4233/
Searching BBC Rushes Using Semantic Web Techniques (TRECVID 2005)Bradley Allen
The document describes a faceted navigation system called the BBC Rushes Navigator that was developed to explore raw footage from the BBC archives. It represents video clips and shots as semantic metadata using ontologies and extracts visual features to generate facets for color, texture, and combinations. The system uses this semantic metadata and faceted navigation interface to allow users to browse and discover footage from the large BBC archive collection.
Multilingual challenges and ongoing work to tackle them at EuropeanaAntoine Isaac
Europeana is a digital platform that provides access to over 57 million digitized cultural heritage objects from 3,700 institutions across 44 countries. It faces challenges in being multilingual due to the large amount of metadata in over 400 languages. Europeana is working to tackle these issues through data modeling to allow for richer multilingual data, enriching metadata by linking it to external multilingual vocabularies, and exploring automatic translation of search results and content.
- Europeana is a digital library system that provides access to cultural heritage collections across Europe through APIs and a portal.
- The Europeana Semantic Elements model is currently used but the Europeana Data Model is being developed to better preserve original metadata while enabling interoperability.
- The Europeana Data Model presentation described the EDM, which is based on standards like OAI ORE, Dublin Core, and SKOS to organize object metadata from different providers in a semantic web framework. It allows distinction between objects and records while supporting complex objects and vocabularies.
This document provides an overview of the EVIA Digital Archive project which aims to digitize, annotate, and provide access to 150 hours of video from 15 ethnomusicologists. It describes the development timeline, technical tools and standards used, and interfaces for searching, browsing, and playing videos. Key phases included planning from 2001-2002, development from 2003-2005, and a 2004 summer institute where contributors segmented and annotated 10 hours of newly digitized video.
Europeana as a Linked Data (Quality) caseAntoine Isaac
Presentation for the 3rd Workshop on Humanities in the Semantic Web (WHiSe), co-located with the 15th Extended Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2020)
June 2, 2020, online
http://whise.cc/2020/
Europeana and the Mediterranean Region by Dov Winer
Presentation at the GID Parmenides Conference
Towards a Mediterranean Science Area
Mediterranean Wealth and Diversity: Biology and Culture
at the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, Alexandria 21-24 June 2010
Semantic Interoperability at Europeana - MultilingualDSIs2018Antoine Isaac
Europeana is a digital platform containing over 58 million digitized cultural heritage objects from 3,700 institutions across 44 countries. The document discusses Europeana's efforts to improve semantic interoperability between these diverse datasets by developing the Europeana Data Model, enriching metadata by linking to external vocabularies, and building an Entity Collection and API to provide centralized access to contextual information about places, people, concepts, and organizations. The goal is to enable richer discovery, exploration, and reuse of Europeana's cultural heritage data on the web.
December 2, 2015: NISO/NFAIS Virtual Conference: Semantic Web: What's New and...DeVonne Parks, CEM
This document discusses Europeana's use of semantic web technologies and linked data to improve access to cultural heritage collections. It summarizes that Europeana aggregates metadata from various cultural institutions to provide access to over 48 million digitized objects. It has implemented the Europeana Data Model to represent metadata in a more granular, semantically linked way using vocabularies like GeoNames, DBpedia, and AAT. This has enabled automatic enrichment of metadata as well as multilingual and conceptual searching. Linked open data approaches provide technical and strategic benefits to Europeana by facilitating data sharing and enrichment across domains.
Validation of Europeana data: application profile, OWL ontology, or else?Antoine Isaac
This document discusses validation of data submitted to Europeana using the Europeana Data Model (EDM). It analyzes expressing EDM constraints as an application profile, OWL ontology, XML Schema, or Schematron rules. While an OWL ontology adds some semantics, an application profile approach using the Dublin Core Application Profile specification and SPARQL constraints may be best. This meets Europeana's validation needs while avoiding adding unintended semantics to existing vocabularies like ORE. Further testing is needed, but application profiles show promise for expressing data constraints in a way that is understandable for both humans and machines.
Europeana is a service that aggregates metadata from cultural heritage institutions across Europe, making over 30 million objects accessible online. It uses the Europeana Data Model to standardize metadata in a way that balances granularity and compatibility with existing standards. The EDM defines classes for provided cultural works, related agents, concepts, and places to provide richer semantic descriptions. Europeana makes this metadata and links to digital objects freely available via its website and API to promote open access to cultural heritage.
Achieving Interoperability between the CARARE Schema for Monuments and Sites ...Antoine Isaac
This document discusses mapping the metadata schema for the CARARE project to the Europeana Data Model (EDM). CARARE aggregates cultural heritage content for archaeology and historic buildings and provides it to Europeana. The mapping identifies correspondences between elements in the two models so CARARE can submit good metadata to Europeana. It examines different scenarios for how CARARE heritage assets and digital resources map to EDM classes like ProvidedCulturalHeritageObject and WebResource. The mapping provides better metadata for 2 million CARARE objects in Europeana and prompted updates to schemas. It confirms EDM is relevant for aggregations and shows metadata mapping requires human supervision.
Europeana is a digital platform that aggregates over 30 million cultural heritage objects from various European institutions. It aims to make this content openly accessible online through its website, apps, and APIs. The Europeana Data Model was created to better structure metadata and link objects to related entities and multilingual descriptions. Europeana seeks to facilitate reuse of this content through its linked open data approach and by distinguishing between rights for metadata and digital objects. It also works on innovations like semantic search and annotation to help users discover and interact with the cultural heritage materials.
This document provides an overview of Europeana Sounds' metadata ingestion plan and targets. It discusses the four main stages of aggregation: content selection, metadata preparation, metadata ingestion, and metadata curation. It outlines the targets for metadata sets to be ingested by certain milestones. Progress will be measured against targets in the Description of Work. The document provides guidance on metadata quality, rights, and using controlled vocabularies to enhance discovery.
European databases in cultural heritage: making connectionsCARARE
This document summarizes information about several European databases and initiatives for sharing cultural heritage data online. It introduces CARARE, which helps institutions share digital content with Europeana. It then discusses Europeana, a platform for over 50 million digital cultural heritage items, including 1.5 million archaeology items. The document outlines challenges of aggregating data from different sources and standards into Europeana, and how CARARE and other aggregators work to map metadata into a common format. It also introduces the ARIADNE Plus research infrastructure, which aims to support archaeology researchers through an online catalogue of datasets and related services and tools.
Next Generation Research with Europeana: the Humanities and Cultural Heritage...Nuno Freire
Presentation at the DH2019 workshop 'Next Generation Research with Europeana: the Humanities and Cultural Heritage in a Digital Perspective', by Hugo Manguinhas and Nuno Freire.
Part I: General introduction of the Europeana APIs
On this part, Hugo Manguinhas and Nuno Freire - who are respectively the Europeana Product Manager API and the Europeana Senior Data Specialist - will introduce the range of APIs that make up the Europeana offer and will explain the model behind them, the Europeana Data Model (EDM). In addition, Manguinhas will make a brief tutorial on the Search and Record API taking Newspapers items as the main exploration use case.
Part II: APIs related to historical Newspapers
Behind the Europeana Newspapers Collection is a set of APIs that apply IIIF as their core technology. This part will walk the audience through the APIs and IIIF, explaining what data is available and how it is structured with a primary focus on the full-text associated with historical Newspapers. Manguinhas will also explain how large amounts of data can be accessed using the OAI-PMH service or downloaded directly as dumps.
Part III: Open discussion and feedback
We will end by asking the audience for feedback, including on how the Europeana APIs could be of use to the Research community
Mapping cross-domain metadata to the Europeana Data Model (EDM) - EDM introd...Valentine Charles
- The document introduces the Europeana Data Model (EDM), which was created to allow Europeana to ingest metadata from various sources and domains while maintaining granularity and semantics.
- EDM uses standards like Dublin Core, CIDOC-CRM, and RDF to distinguish cultural heritage objects from their representations and metadata, and to represent relationships between objects and contextual information.
- EDM profiles allow communities to build on EDM to meet their specific needs while maintaining interoperability, and it has been adopted by projects beyond Europeana seeking interoperable metadata.
Metadata for web ontologies and rules: current practices and perspectivesCarlos Tejo-Alonso
The Semantic Web contains a number of dierent knowledge artifacts, including OWL ontologies, RIF rule sets and RDF datasets. Efective exchange and management of these artifacts demand the use of metadata and prompt availability of accurate reference documentation. In this paper, we analyze the current practices in metadata usage for OWL ontologies, and we propose a vocabulary for annotating RIF rules. We also introduce a software tool {Parrot{ that exploits these annotations and produces reference documentation for combinations of ontologies and rules.
http://www.springerlink.com/content/t3777727338n4233/
Searching BBC Rushes Using Semantic Web Techniques (TRECVID 2005)Bradley Allen
The document describes a faceted navigation system called the BBC Rushes Navigator that was developed to explore raw footage from the BBC archives. It represents video clips and shots as semantic metadata using ontologies and extracts visual features to generate facets for color, texture, and combinations. The system uses this semantic metadata and faceted navigation interface to allow users to browse and discover footage from the large BBC archive collection.
Multilingual challenges and ongoing work to tackle them at EuropeanaAntoine Isaac
Europeana is a digital platform that provides access to over 57 million digitized cultural heritage objects from 3,700 institutions across 44 countries. It faces challenges in being multilingual due to the large amount of metadata in over 400 languages. Europeana is working to tackle these issues through data modeling to allow for richer multilingual data, enriching metadata by linking it to external multilingual vocabularies, and exploring automatic translation of search results and content.
- Europeana is a digital library system that provides access to cultural heritage collections across Europe through APIs and a portal.
- The Europeana Semantic Elements model is currently used but the Europeana Data Model is being developed to better preserve original metadata while enabling interoperability.
- The Europeana Data Model presentation described the EDM, which is based on standards like OAI ORE, Dublin Core, and SKOS to organize object metadata from different providers in a semantic web framework. It allows distinction between objects and records while supporting complex objects and vocabularies.
This document provides an overview of the EVIA Digital Archive project which aims to digitize, annotate, and provide access to 150 hours of video from 15 ethnomusicologists. It describes the development timeline, technical tools and standards used, and interfaces for searching, browsing, and playing videos. Key phases included planning from 2001-2002, development from 2003-2005, and a 2004 summer institute where contributors segmented and annotated 10 hours of newly digitized video.
Europeana as a Linked Data (Quality) caseAntoine Isaac
Presentation for the 3rd Workshop on Humanities in the Semantic Web (WHiSe), co-located with the 15th Extended Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2020)
June 2, 2020, online
http://whise.cc/2020/
Europeana and the Mediterranean Region by Dov Winer
Presentation at the GID Parmenides Conference
Towards a Mediterranean Science Area
Mediterranean Wealth and Diversity: Biology and Culture
at the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, Alexandria 21-24 June 2010
Semantic Interoperability at Europeana - MultilingualDSIs2018Antoine Isaac
Europeana is a digital platform containing over 58 million digitized cultural heritage objects from 3,700 institutions across 44 countries. The document discusses Europeana's efforts to improve semantic interoperability between these diverse datasets by developing the Europeana Data Model, enriching metadata by linking to external vocabularies, and building an Entity Collection and API to provide centralized access to contextual information about places, people, concepts, and organizations. The goal is to enable richer discovery, exploration, and reuse of Europeana's cultural heritage data on the web.
Crowdsourcing and Semantic Enrichments for European Cultural HeritageEuropeana_Sounds
Crowdsourcing and Semantic Enrichments for European Cultural Heritage, by Sergiu Gordea, Michela Vignoli and Roman Graf (Austrian Institute of Technology) - 27 September 2016
Data processing for digital libraries: the experience of the BnF with Europea...Europeana_Sounds
Presentation by Anila Angjeli, Bertrand Caron, Emmanuelle Bermes, at WLIC 2016 Satellite meeting "Data in libraries: the big picture", Chicago, 10 August 2016
Treasuring the sound heritage: the Europeana Sounds projectEuropeana_Sounds
This document summarizes the Europeana Sounds project, which aims to aggregate audio and related collections across Europe. It provides details on:
1) The Europeana platform which aggregates over 53 million digitized items from 3,500 organizations across Europe.
2) The Europeana Sounds project specifically, which has brought together 24 organizations from 12 countries to contribute over 282,000 audio records so far.
3) Events held to promote participation in the project, including "re-discovery" events in various countries and edit-a-thons to improve metadata.
Europeana Sounds: improving access to Europe’s digital audio archives Europeana_Sounds
Presentation by Bruno Sagna at the Workshop “Opening up the collection – reuse and publishing” of the LIBER Working Group “Digitial Collections”, 7 June 2016, Göttingen.
Challenges on modeling annotations in the europeana sounds projectEuropeana_Sounds
Presented at iAnnotate16 (http://iannotate.org/) by Hugo Manguinhas on 19 May 2016.
Cultural heritage institutions are looking at crowdsourcing as a new way and opportunity to improve the overall quality of their data and contribute to a better semantic description and link to the web of data. This is also the case for Europeana, as crowdsourcing under the form of annotations is envisioned and being worked on in several projects. As part of the EU Europeana Sounds project (http://www.europeanasounds.eu/), we have identified the user stories and requirements that cover the following annotation scenarios: open and controlled tagging; geotagging, enrichment of metadata; annotation of media resources; linking to other objects; moderation and general discussions.
As a central point on all the efforts around annotations is an agreement on how these should be modelled in a uniform way for all these scenarios, as it is essential to bring such information to Europeana and in a way that can also be easily exploited and shared beyond our portal. For this, we are using the recent W3C Web Annotation Data Model (WADM) supported by the Open Annotation community as it is the most promising model at the moment.
Due to its flexible design and early stage of development, at the moment, there is insufficient recommendations on how some of our user stories and requirements can be modelled. In our presentation we will make proposals on how the WADM can be applied for these scenarios and we are looking for discussion/feedback from the community in the hope that it will help cultural heritage institutions and other communities to better understand how annotations can be modelled.
Conference "Europeana Sounds 2015: the Future of Historic Sounds", Paris, 2 October 2015
Moderator: Lisette Kalshoven, Advisor on copyright, heritage and open education, Kennisland
with Isabel Bordes Cabrera, Head of the Digital Library, National Library of Spain, Dr. Krisztina Rozgonyi, Senior Regulator and Legal Advisor, Senior Lecturer, ELTE University of Budapest, and Dr. Simone Schroff, Researcher in Copyright Law, Institute for Information Law, University of Amsterdam. CC BY-SA
Presentation by Richard Ranft, Head of Sound and Vision, British Library & Project Coordinator of Europeana Sounds
Conference "Europeana Sounds 2015: the Future of Historic Sounds", Paris, 2 October 2015.
This document summarizes the Europeana Sounds project, which aims to make more audio content available online by building a network of stakeholders to aggregate and enrich audio metadata. The three-year project is funded by the European Commission and involves 24 organizations from 12 countries working to develop the Europeana Music channel. This will provide search and playback of audio recordings through Europeana's portal and API to promote open access and reuse of sound collections.
This document summarizes an aggregation workshop that took place on June 25th, 2015 in Athens. The workshop included presentations on metadata ingestion plans and progress, publishing content to Europeana, and recapping a previous training session. There was also a discussion of KPI targets for different institutions to contribute images, text, sound, and video to Europeana over the next year. Participants were asked to share updates and timelines for working on collections to help meet contribution targets.
The document describes Europeana's aggregation workflow including:
- Europeana's aggregation team handles partner relationships and technical support.
- Data is submitted according to Europeana's publication policy and on a monthly cycle with deadlines.
- The ingestion process involves validation, mapping data to EDM, and publishing on Europeana's portal and API.
- Guidance is provided to help partners meet acceptance criteria around rights, metadata quality, and the EDM schema.
- Future plans aim to open up more of the ingestion workflow for partners to do mapping and validation themselves.
This document summarizes a previous training session on using the MINT platform to transform metadata into the Europeana Data Model (EDM) format. It discusses basic EDM concepts, the EDM Sounds profile extension, how to use MINT to map provider metadata to EDM Sounds, transform the metadata, and publish it to Europeana. Upcoming topics for a second training session are also listed.
Short introduction to RDF model based on the EDM sounds profileEuropeana_Sounds
The document provides an introduction to the RDF data model and the Europeana Data Model (EDM) for describing digital cultural heritage objects such as sounds. It explains that RDF uses URIs to identify resources and describes them with properties and property values. It provides examples of how EDM represents a sound object and its related metadata and aggregation information using RDF syntax and as a graph. It also discusses two approaches for representing the grouping of objects into collections within the EDM model using RDF.
This document discusses different types of mappings that can be performed when mapping metadata between schemas, including:
- Xpath mapping by dragging xpath elements between schemas
- Enumerated mappings for elements with predefined lists of values
- Constant mappings to apply the same value to all items
- Concatenate mappings to combine multiple mappings
- Functional mappings to modify values using string manipulation functions
- Conditional mappings to set conditions on mappings
- Value mappings to align specific values between schemas
- Structural mappings to reflect complex types between schemas
- Thesaurus mappings to align terms to controlled vocabularies
This document discusses Europeana's use of unique identifiers and provides guidance on publishing and republishing metadata. It notes that Europeana uses EDM resource identifiers to distinguish items and detect duplicates. It advises ensuring unique local identifiers are used for each imported item to avoid duplicates being discarded. It also presents four cases involving publishing new or updated metadata and actions to take, such as unpublishing existing imports before publishing overlapping new ones.
- Europeana Sounds was a 3-year project from 2014-2017 funded by the European Commission to make more audio content available through Europeana's online platform. It aimed to improve access to and experience of searching for sounds, music, and other audio files.
- The project established a network of 24 organizations across Europe to aggregate audio collections and provide metadata. It developed new technical infrastructure and processes to enrich audio metadata and make content available through various Europeana channels.
- By 2016-2017, Europeana Sounds had expanded Europeana's audio offerings by building out additional search, browsing, and content display features on its website and other online channels. It sought to promote reuse of audio recordings and engage various stakeholders in cultural heritage institutions
Europeana Sounds training session on intellectual property rights (24 June 2015)Europeana_Sounds
Lisette Kalshoven facilitated this training session on intellectual property rights that took place in Athens Concert Hall on June 24th, 2015 in the frame of Europeana Sounds' aggregation and mid-year meeting.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
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EDM for Europeana Sounds
1. EDM for Europeana Sounds
Cécile Devarenne
Operations Officer
Metadata training, Europeana Sounds project
Athens, 23rd/24th of October 2014
2. Content
• What is the Europeana Data Model (EDM)?
• What is the EDM profile for sounds?
• Classes in EDM: edm:ProvidedCHO, ore:Aggregation,
edm:WebResource, contextual classes
• edm:Collection, a subclass specified by the EDM profile for sounds
• Connections in EDM
• Representation of sounds cultural heritage objects in EDM
• What is data quality in EDM: mandatory elements, rich
contextualized data and rich digital representations modeled in the
best possible way from the source data
Most of the examples shown in the coming slides are descriptions of
sounds or audio-related content
4. What is the Europeana Data Model?
• The EDM is a theoretical data model that allows data to be
presented in different ways according to the practices of the various
domains who contribute data to Europeana
• Before EDM, ESE: flat data model, data on real object and digital
object mixed together, no links between objects and context (e.g
agents and concepts and places)
• EDM was implemented to enable enhanced descriptive metadata
5. What is the EDM profile for sounds?
• The EDM profile for sounds is a set of recommendations for the
adaptation of the current Europeana Data Model (EDM) for audio
and audio-related objects
• It is the result of a consultation among participants of the Sounds
project and its outcome is described in the report of the Task Force
EDM profile for sounds
• It includes additional specific properties enabling a better
description of sounds and audio-related objects
• It also includes two additional sub classes to EDM: edm:Collection
and mo:MusicalGroup
6. What is the Europeana Data Model?
• All documentation on EDM is available on the Europeana
Professional website: http://pro.europeana.eu/edm-documentation
• The main document to refer to to get a full understanding on the
present implementation of the EDM schema is the EDM guidelines
is downloadable here
• Main reference for guidance in mapping: all the properties
described in the EDM guidelines are also listed as an Annex to the
EDM profile for sounds
https://basecamp.com/1936492/projects/4984360/
uploads/16914642?
enlarge=111488668#attachment_111488668
7. EDM classes enabling the description of
cultural heritage objects
• Three core classes:
• edm:ProvidedCHO - the provided cultural heritage object
A music score
• edm:WebResource - the web resource that is the digital
representation
One digitization of the music score
• ore:Aggregation - the aggregation that groups the classes together
• Four contextual classes:
• edm:Agent – who
The creator of the work shown on the music score
• edm:Place – where
• edm:TimeSpan - when
• skos:Concept - what
The genre of the work shown on the music score
8. EDM classes enabling the description of
cultural heritage objects
• Visualization of the three core classes
9. EDM classes - edm:ProvidedCHO
• The provided cultural heritage object (PCHO) is the cultural
heritage object that you provide to Europeana
• A PCHO can be analog or digital born
• Examples of PCHOs related to sounds: a music score, a musical
work, the broadcast of an interview on the radio, a nature sound,
etc.
10. EDM classes - edm:ProvidedCHO
• The edm:ProvidedCHO class includes descriptive metadata
properties applying to the PCHO: title, description, contributor
(literal or reference), creator (literal or reference), format (literal or
reference), type of object (literal or reference), etc.
• Most of the properties available in the edm:ProvidedCHO class are
Dublin Core properties; some EDM properties are also available
• The edm:ProvidedCHO class has as an identifier the identifier of
the PCHO you provide to Europeana: this value needs to be unique
and persistent!
11. EDM classes - edm:ProvidedCHO
• A few examples of additional properties for edm:ProvidedCHO
specified by the EDM profile for sounds
• ebucore:hasGenre (subproperty of dc:subject) to capture
the genre of a resource
• ebucore:duration (subproperty of dcterms:extent) to capture
duration information
12. EDM classes - edm:ProvidedCHO
<edm:ProvidedCHO rdf:about="/2022104/
urn_axmedis_00000_obj_55845aa3_2689_4fc9_95c1_2162a1ac7df7">
<dc:creator xml:lang="fr">Le Cifas - Centre inernational de formation en arts du
spectacle, La Bellone - Maison du Spectacle à Bruxelles.</dc:creator>
<dc:description xml:lang="fr">Enregistrement du Colloque et de la Table ronde
"L'Apocalypse ici et maintenant", donné le Vendredi 6 juin 2008 à La Bellne, Maison du
Spectacle à Bruxelles.
Organisation : Cifas. En coréalisation avec La Bellone.</dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="fr">
Effondrement des idéologies, catastrophes naturelles et technologiques, épidémies
et famines, négation des valeurs morales et extrémismes font partie de notre actualité
quotidienne. Nos sources d’énergie s’épuisent, la planète se réchauffe : la peur de
l’avenir se répand. Nous nous intéressons aux échos et retombées que trouvent ces
questionnements sur la scène contemporaine. L’interrogation sur l’Apocalypse, sur la «fin
des temps » comme moment, acte et réalités en tant que thématique du théâtre contemporain
sera donc au centre de cette journée d’étude qui proposera un aperçu et un état des lieux
– aléatoire et subjectif – de l’Apocalypse sur la scène théâtrale contemporaine à travers
écritures, mises en scène et esthétiques. </dc:description>
<dc:language xml:lang="fr">fr</dc:language>
<dc:title xml:lang="fr">L'Apocalypse ici et maintenant - 14</dc:title>
<dc:type xml:lang="fr">audio</dc:type>
<dc:type rdf:resource="http://www.eclap.eu/Classification/PerformingArtsType/501"/>
<dcterms:extent>00:10:01.0</dcterms:extent>
<dcterms:temporal rdf:resource="http://www.eclap.eu/Classification/HistoricalPeriod/
566"/>
<dcterms:temporal rdf:resource="http://www.eclap.eu/Classification/HistoricalPeriod/
675"/>
<edm:type>SOUND</edm:type>
</edm:ProvideCHO>
13. EDM classes - edm:WebResource
• A web resource is a digital representation of the PCHO you provide
to Europeana
• A web resource can be a link to a downloadable file (direct link) or a
link to a web page showing the PCHO in context on your website
• Examples of web resources related to sounds: one digitization of a
music score, a recording of a musical work, a link to a page
showing a stream of the broadcast of an interview on the radio with
additional context data, a recording of a nature sound, etc.
14. EDM classes - edm:WebResource
• The edm:WebResource class is not mandatory: the links to digital
representations can be provided only as single links in the
ore:Aggregation class
• The edm:WebResource class includes descriptive metadata
properties applying to the digital representation: description, creator
(literal or reference), format (literal or reference), specific rights
• Most of the properties available in the edm:WebResource class are
Dublin Core properties; some EDM properties - especially
edm:rights - are also available
• The edm:WebResource class has as an identifier the URL where
the digital representation can be accessed: this value needs to be
persistent!
15. EDM classes - edm:WebResource
• An example of additional properties for edm:ProvidedCHO
specified by the EDM profile for sounds:
• Technical metadata about the digital representation
ebucore:hasAudioEncodingFormatebucore:bitrate,
ebucore:audioTrackConfiguration,
ebucore:audioChannelNumber,ebucore:hasMimeType,
ebucore:fileSize, ebucore:sampleRate, ebucore:sampleSize
16. EDM classes - edm:WebResource
<edm:WebResource rdf:about="http://biocase.zfmk.de/sounds?guid=BIAVCIFAFATI-
GRATHYM005C001A20110421T051501-S015291E035753ID1-q9c9e9f9F.mp3">
<dc:description>O. Jahn (Creator)</dc:description>
<dc:description>Recorder: Song Meter SM2, Firmware v.2.3.0; Microphone: SMX-II
Microphones; Tape no.: ; Filter: edited and/or filtered</dc:description>
<dc:format>audio/mpeg</dc:format>
<dcterms:created>2011-04-21</dcterms:created>
<edm:rights rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"/>
</edm:WebResource>
is a edm:WebResource class for
17. EDM classes - ore:Aggregation
• The aggregation links the digital representations (web resources)
and the PCHO together in a bundle
• In other words: the ore:Aggregation class is the class that groups
the other classes together
• The ore:Aggregation class references the links provided as digital
representations of the PCHO (edm:isShownBy, edm:isShownAt,
edm:object, edm:hasView)
• The ore:Aggregation class includes metadata properties that apply
to both the PCHO and the web resources:
• edm:dataProvider and edm:Provider
• edm:rights
• The ore:Aggregation class has its own identifier; this value also
needs to be unique and persistent!
19. EDM classes - edm:Collection
• The edm:Collection class is part of the EDM sounds profile and is
not implemented in the current version of EDM
• A collection gathers different items of similar importance which
relate to the main collection entity as its members
• The edm:Collection class is a sub class of the edm:ProvidedCHO
class and is referenced in the ore:Aggregation class (see following
slide)
• All properties of the edm:Collection class are specified in the Task
force report
21. EDM classes - edm:Agent
• Why contextual classes?
• A possible value in the edm:ProvidedCHO class for a music
work:
• dc:creator: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
• You want to increase searchability and retrievability of your item
and you have more than this to provide!
• dc:creator: Βόλφγκανγκ Αµαντέους Μότσαρτ, etc
• edm:dateOfBirth: 1765 / edm:dateOfDeath: 1791
• This additional data is related to a person and can be modeled
in EDM using the edm:Agent class
22. EDM classes - edm:Agent
• How to create contextual classes?
• In the edm:ProvidedCHO class, map the identifier/reference
(URI) of the Agent as described in an ontology
• dc:creator: http://viaf.org/viaf/32197206
• Map in an edm:Agent class all the data you have available from
that ontology and use as an identifier for this edm:Agent
instance the URI written below
• dc:creator preferred name in French: Wolfgang Amadeus
Mozart
• dc:creator preferred name in Greek: Βόλφγκανγκ Αµαντέους
Μότσαρτ
• edm:dateOfBirth: 1765 / edm:dateOfDeath: 1791
23. EDM classes - skos:Concept
Concepts - skos:Concept class
• Subjects, types, genres can be represented
• Multilingual labels (skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel) can be provided
with their language
• Editorial notes on a subject can be specified
Europeana Sounds vocabularies:
• EuropeanaMusicGenre/FormVocabulary
• EuropeanaNon-MusicGenre/FormVocabulary
• Linked to the edm:ProvidedCHO class through ebucore:hasGenre
• Europeana Carrier Types Vocabulary
• Linked to the edm:ProvidedCHO class through dcterms:medium
24. EDM classes - edm:Place
Places - edm:Place class
• Place of creation, place of curation, place related to the object
(place where a musical work was recorded, etc), place related
to the creator of an object (place where the creator of a work
was born, etc) can be represented
• Multilingual labels (skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel) can be
provided with their language
• Geo-coordinates can be added
25. EDM classes - edm:TimeSpan
Time - em:TimeSpan class
• Date of creation, date of publication, date of recording can be
represented
• Data ranges can be provided for a specific date to increase
retrievability
27. EDM modeling - how can I represent a
cultural heritage object using EDM?
• Thumbnails and Sound cultural heritage objects
• Recommended but not mandatory; no logo or default thumbnails can be provided
28. EDM modeling - how can I represent a
cultural heritage object using EDM?
• Thumbnails and Sound cultural heritage objects
• Recommended but not mandatory; no logo or default thumbnails can be
provided
<ore:Aggregation rdf:about="#Aggregation">
<edm:aggregatedCHO rdf:resource="#PCHO"/>
<edm:dataProvider>Sächsische Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek
Dresden</edm:dataProvider>
<edm:isShownBy rdf:resource="http://media.slub-dresden.de/fon/snp/b/006697/
fon_snp_b_006697_01.mp3"/>
<edm:object rdf:resource="http://media.slub-dresden.de/fon/snp/b/006697/
fon_snp_b_006697_01.jpg"/>
<edm:provider>Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek</edm:provider>
<edm:rights rdf:resource="#rights"/>
</ore:Aggregation>
29. EDM modeling - how can I represent a
cultural heritage object using EDM?
Multiple web resources
30. EDM modeling - how can I represent a
cultural heritage object using EDM?
<edm:WebResource rdf:about="http://www.mimo-db.eu/media/CM/IMAGE/CMIM000023441.jpg">
<edm:rights rdf:resource="#rights"/>
</edm:WebResource>
<edm:WebResource rdf:about="http://www.mimo-db.eu/media/CM/IMAGE/CMIM000023435.jpg">
<edm:rights rdf:resource="#rights"/>
</edm:WebResource>
<edm:WebResource rdf:about="http://www.mimo-db.eu/media/CM/IMAGE/CMIM000023436.jpg">
</edm:WebResource>
<edm:WebResource rdf:about="http://www.mimo-db.eu/media/CM/AUDIO/
CM0161358eCOAU900095301_01.mp3">
<edm:rights rdf:resource="#rights"/>
</edm:WebResource>
<edm:WebResource rdf:about=http://www.mimo-db.eu/media/CM/IMAGE/CMIM000015229.jpg">
</edm:WebResource>
<ore:Aggregation rdf:about="#Aggregation">
<edm:aggregatedCHO rdf:resource="#PCHO"/>
<edm:dataProvider>DataProvider</edm:dataProvider>
<edm:isShownBy rdf:resource=http://www.mimo-db.eu/media/CM/IMAGE/CMIM000023435.jpg"/>
<edm:hasView rdf:resource="http://www.mimo-db.eu/media/CM/IMAGE/CMIM000023436.jpg"/>
<edm:hasView rdf:resource="http://www.mimo-db.eu/media/CM/IMAGE/CMIM000015229.jpg"/>
<edm:hasView rdf:resource="http://www.mimo-db.eu/media/CM/AUDIO/
CM0161358eCOAU900095301_01.mp3"/>
<edm:object rdf:resource="http://www.mimo-db.eu/media/CM/IMAGE/CMIM000023441.jpg"/>
<edm:provider>Provider</edm:provider>
<edm:rights rdf:resource="#defaultRights"/>
</ore:Aggregation>
31. EDM modeling - how can I represent
several cultural heritage objects and
their relations using EDM?
• Connections can be created between cultural heritage objects as
well as between a cultural heritage object and a web resource
• PCHOs can be related:
• within a sequence
• within a hierarchy
• Example: an opera in three acts, one PCHO is the opera itself and
each act is also a PCHO related to the opera via a hierarchy, the
three acts also connected and form a sequence
• Web resources can also be related:
• within a sequence
• within a hierarchy
32. EDM modeling - how can I represent
several cultural heritage objects and
their relations using EDM?
33. EDM modeling - how can I represent
several cultural heritage objects and
their relations using EDM?
34. EDM modeling - how can I represent
several cultural heritage objects and
their relations using EDM?
<edm:ProvideCHO rdf:about="/9200300/BibliographicResource_3000051866016">
<dc:title>Wiener Zeitung - 1855-10-19</dc:title>
<dcterms:isPartOf rdf:resource="/9200300/BibliographicResource_3000052917527"/>
…
</edm:ProvideCHO>
<edm:ProvideCHO rdf:about="/9200300/BibliographicResource_3000052917527">
<dc:title>Wiener Zeitung</dc:title>
<dcterms:hasPart rdf:resource="/9200300/BibliographicResource_3000051866016"/>
…
</edm:ProvideCHO>
35. EDM modeling - how can I represent
several cultural heritage objects and
their relations using EDM?
• Granularity of description and data propagation: you need to decide
what you will provide to Europeana as PCHO
• How can the decision be made:
• Do I have enough data to represent an artifact as a cultural
heritage object?
• What would be useful to the end user? How do I want my
collection to be best discovered?
36. EDM modeling - how can I represent
several cultural heritage objects and
their relations using EDM?
• Multiple edm:WebResource instances instead of one PCHO per page
38. EDM data quality - what minimal set of
properties is required?
Applicable class Mandatory Properties (or alternatives)
Aggregation edm:dataProvider
Aggregation edm:isShownAt or edm:isShownBy
Aggregation edm:provider
Aggregation edm:rights
Aggregation edm:aggregatedCHO
Aggregation edm:ugc (when applicable)
ProvidedCHO dc:title or dc:description
ProvidedCHO dc:language for text objects
ProvidedCHO
dc:subject or dc:type or dc:coverage or
dcterms:spatial
ProvidedCHO edm:type
40. EDM data quality - Recommended
properties for Europeana Sounds
• The manual for data providers specifies for the project
recommendations for properties to increase the quality of your
submitted data:
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cWbRS_hsEpEZXtCD-
Z1Ljq2rK9Q_PUG0WMD7Wt2tHi0/edit
• The EDM profile for sounds established ebucore:hasGenre as a
mandatory property
41. EDM data quality - what do we mean by
richer data?
• Depth of description in provided metadata: presence, quality and
consistency of meaningful elements
42. EDM data quality - what do we mean by
richer data?
• High quality digital representations and appropriate rights
statements, if possible the digital objects are freely re-usable