Europeana is a digital platform containing over 58 million digitized cultural heritage objects from 3,700 institutions across 44 countries. The document discusses Europeana's efforts to improve semantic interoperability between these diverse datasets by developing the Europeana Data Model, enriching metadata by linking to external vocabularies, and building an Entity Collection and API to provide centralized access to contextual information about places, people, concepts, and organizations. The goal is to enable richer discovery, exploration, and reuse of Europeana's cultural heritage data on the web.
Designing a multilingual knowledge graph - DCMI2018Antoine Isaac
Presentation for the paper "Designing a multilingual knowledge graph as service for cultural heritage" at the DCMI2018 conference https://www.dublincore.org/conferences/2018/abstracts/#559
Exploiting vocabularies and Linked Data: in practiceCARARE
Presentation by Kate Fernie about how controlled vocabularies and linked data can be used in systems and services, with demonstrations of the Share3D metadata capture tool tool, the Europeana Archaeology Vocabulary service and how the data looks in Europeana's EDM format and on the Europeana Collections portal.
Wikidata, a target for Europeana's semantic strategy - GLAM-WIKI 2015Antoine Isaac
"Wikidata, a target for Europeana's semantic strategy"/ Presentation at the GLAM-Wiki conference with Valentine Charles, Hugo Manguinhas, Antoine Isaac, Vladimir Alexiev http://nl.wikimedia.org/wiki/GLAM-WIKI_2015/
Slides for Culture Hack panel @SXSW2013 : http://schedule.sxsw.com/2013/events/event_IAP4580
Some slides re-used from Harry Verwayen (http://www.slideshare.net/hverwayen/business-model-innovation-open-data) and Julia Fallon
Designing a multilingual knowledge graph - DCMI2018Antoine Isaac
Presentation for the paper "Designing a multilingual knowledge graph as service for cultural heritage" at the DCMI2018 conference https://www.dublincore.org/conferences/2018/abstracts/#559
Exploiting vocabularies and Linked Data: in practiceCARARE
Presentation by Kate Fernie about how controlled vocabularies and linked data can be used in systems and services, with demonstrations of the Share3D metadata capture tool tool, the Europeana Archaeology Vocabulary service and how the data looks in Europeana's EDM format and on the Europeana Collections portal.
Wikidata, a target for Europeana's semantic strategy - GLAM-WIKI 2015Antoine Isaac
"Wikidata, a target for Europeana's semantic strategy"/ Presentation at the GLAM-Wiki conference with Valentine Charles, Hugo Manguinhas, Antoine Isaac, Vladimir Alexiev http://nl.wikimedia.org/wiki/GLAM-WIKI_2015/
Slides for Culture Hack panel @SXSW2013 : http://schedule.sxsw.com/2013/events/event_IAP4580
Some slides re-used from Harry Verwayen (http://www.slideshare.net/hverwayen/business-model-innovation-open-data) and Julia Fallon
Presentation at the Education Session of the American Art Collaborative (AAC) Linked Open Data Initiative, 31 March 2015. http://americanartcollaborative.org/
Europeana - American Art Collaborative LOD MeetingAntoine Isaac
Presentation at a seminar on linked data and art museums at the Smithsonian Institute, April 29 2013.
Other presentations at http://lodlam.net/2013/05/07/linked-open-data-in-art/
EuropeanaTech update - Europeana AGM 2015Antoine Isaac
Update on the EuropeanaTech community activities. Presentation with Greg Markus, Sound and Vision. Europeana general Assembly Meeting 2015, November 2-4 2015. http://pro.europeana.eu/event/europeana-annual-general-meeting-2015
Europeana and the relevance of the DM2E resultsAntoine Isaac
Presentation on the value of results of the DM2E project, from the Europeana perspective.
Presented at the DM2E final event, Pisa, Dec 11 2014
http://dm2e.eu/dm2e-final-event-registration-and-agenda/
Data modelling at Europeana and DM2E - SMW13Antoine Isaac
Presentation on how the Eduorpeana Data Model is used and extended in the Europeana and DM2E projects.
Made for the Semantic Media Web innovation day, Berlin, Sept 27, 2013: http://semantic-media-web.de/innovationsforum/metadaten/
EDM - American Art Collaborative LOD MeetingAntoine Isaac
Presentation at a seminar on linked data and art museums at the Smithsonian Institute, April 29 2013.
Other presentations at http://lodlam.net/2013/05/07/linked-open-data-in-art/
Linked Data for EuropeanaCultural Heritage: the Europeana approachValentine Charles
Presentation given on April 28th in Paris at International Conference organised by ISSN IC
http://www.issn.org/international-conference-organised-by-issn-ic-bibliographic-metadata-getting-linked/
Slides of the presentations gives as part of the Europeana Research panel "Cultural Heritage Data for Research: A Europeana Research Panel" at DH Benelux 2017 in Utrecht.
CARARE is a non-profit association whose main objective is advancing professional practice and fostering appreciation of the digital archaeological and architectural heritage.
An introduction to the Europeana Data Model and services in the context of creating benchmarks for a cultural heritage data set. Presented at the Linked Data Benchmark Council Technical User Committee in London in November 2013.
Achieving Interoperability between the CARARE Schema for Monuments and Sites ...Antoine Isaac
Achieving Interoperability between the CARARE Schema for Monuments and Sites and the Europeana Data Model
By
Antoine Isaac, Valentine Charles, Kate Fernie, Costis Dallas, Dimitris Gavrilis & Stavros Angelis
Paper at Dublin Core conference (awarded best paper award!), September 4, 2013. Conference site: http://dcevents.dublincore.org/IntConf/dc-2013
Paper: http://dcevents.dublincore.org/IntConf/dc-2013/paper/view/171
Validation of Europeana data: application profile, OWL ontology, or else?Antoine Isaac
Validation of Europeana data:application profile, OWL ontology, or else?
Presentation at the Dublin Core conference, special session on Application Profiles as an alternative to OWL Ontologies, Sept. 4, 2013
Session page: http://dcevents.dublincore.org/IntConf/index/pages/view/APaltOO
Europeana as a Linked Data (Quality) caseAntoine Isaac
Presentation for the 3rd Workshop on Humanities in the Semantic Web (WHiSe), co-located with the 15th Extended Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2020)
June 2, 2020, online
http://whise.cc/2020/
Presentation at the Education Session of the American Art Collaborative (AAC) Linked Open Data Initiative, 31 March 2015. http://americanartcollaborative.org/
Europeana - American Art Collaborative LOD MeetingAntoine Isaac
Presentation at a seminar on linked data and art museums at the Smithsonian Institute, April 29 2013.
Other presentations at http://lodlam.net/2013/05/07/linked-open-data-in-art/
EuropeanaTech update - Europeana AGM 2015Antoine Isaac
Update on the EuropeanaTech community activities. Presentation with Greg Markus, Sound and Vision. Europeana general Assembly Meeting 2015, November 2-4 2015. http://pro.europeana.eu/event/europeana-annual-general-meeting-2015
Europeana and the relevance of the DM2E resultsAntoine Isaac
Presentation on the value of results of the DM2E project, from the Europeana perspective.
Presented at the DM2E final event, Pisa, Dec 11 2014
http://dm2e.eu/dm2e-final-event-registration-and-agenda/
Data modelling at Europeana and DM2E - SMW13Antoine Isaac
Presentation on how the Eduorpeana Data Model is used and extended in the Europeana and DM2E projects.
Made for the Semantic Media Web innovation day, Berlin, Sept 27, 2013: http://semantic-media-web.de/innovationsforum/metadaten/
EDM - American Art Collaborative LOD MeetingAntoine Isaac
Presentation at a seminar on linked data and art museums at the Smithsonian Institute, April 29 2013.
Other presentations at http://lodlam.net/2013/05/07/linked-open-data-in-art/
Linked Data for EuropeanaCultural Heritage: the Europeana approachValentine Charles
Presentation given on April 28th in Paris at International Conference organised by ISSN IC
http://www.issn.org/international-conference-organised-by-issn-ic-bibliographic-metadata-getting-linked/
Slides of the presentations gives as part of the Europeana Research panel "Cultural Heritage Data for Research: A Europeana Research Panel" at DH Benelux 2017 in Utrecht.
CARARE is a non-profit association whose main objective is advancing professional practice and fostering appreciation of the digital archaeological and architectural heritage.
An introduction to the Europeana Data Model and services in the context of creating benchmarks for a cultural heritage data set. Presented at the Linked Data Benchmark Council Technical User Committee in London in November 2013.
Achieving Interoperability between the CARARE Schema for Monuments and Sites ...Antoine Isaac
Achieving Interoperability between the CARARE Schema for Monuments and Sites and the Europeana Data Model
By
Antoine Isaac, Valentine Charles, Kate Fernie, Costis Dallas, Dimitris Gavrilis & Stavros Angelis
Paper at Dublin Core conference (awarded best paper award!), September 4, 2013. Conference site: http://dcevents.dublincore.org/IntConf/dc-2013
Paper: http://dcevents.dublincore.org/IntConf/dc-2013/paper/view/171
Validation of Europeana data: application profile, OWL ontology, or else?Antoine Isaac
Validation of Europeana data:application profile, OWL ontology, or else?
Presentation at the Dublin Core conference, special session on Application Profiles as an alternative to OWL Ontologies, Sept. 4, 2013
Session page: http://dcevents.dublincore.org/IntConf/index/pages/view/APaltOO
Europeana as a Linked Data (Quality) caseAntoine Isaac
Presentation for the 3rd Workshop on Humanities in the Semantic Web (WHiSe), co-located with the 15th Extended Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2020)
June 2, 2020, online
http://whise.cc/2020/
Evaluation of Schema.org for Aggregation of Cultural Heritage MetadataNuno Freire
In the World Wide Web, a very large number of resources is made available through digital libraries. The existence of many individual digital libraries, maintained by different organiza-tions, brings challenges to the discoverability, sharing and reuse of the resources. A widely-used approach is metadata aggregation, where centralized efforts like Europeana facilitate the discoverability and use of the resources by collecting their associated metadata. The cultural heritage domain embraced the aggregation approach while, at the same time, the technological landscape kept evolving. Nowadays, cultural heritage institutions are increas-ingly applying technologies designed for the wider interoperability on the Web. In this con-text, we have identified the Schema.org vocabulary as a potential technology for innovating metadata aggregation. We conducted two case studies that analysed Schema.org metadata from collections from cultural heritage institutions. We used the requirements of the Euro-peana Network as evaluation criteria. These include the recommendations of the Europeana Data Model, which is a collaborative effort from all the domains represented in Europeana: libraries, museums, archives, and galleries. We concluded that Schema.org poses no obstacle that cannot be overcome to allow data providers to deliver metadata in full compliance with Europeana requirements and with the desired semantic quality. However, Schema.org’s cross-domain applicability raises the need for accompanying its adoption by recommenda-tions and/or specifications regarding how data providers should create their Schema.org metadata, so that they can meet the specific requirements of Europeana or other cultural aggregation networks.
Next Generation Research with Europeana: the Humanities and Cultural Heritage...Nuno Freire
Presentation at the DH2019 workshop 'Next Generation Research with Europeana: the Humanities and Cultural Heritage in a Digital Perspective', by Hugo Manguinhas and Nuno Freire.
Part I: General introduction of the Europeana APIs
On this part, Hugo Manguinhas and Nuno Freire - who are respectively the Europeana Product Manager API and the Europeana Senior Data Specialist - will introduce the range of APIs that make up the Europeana offer and will explain the model behind them, the Europeana Data Model (EDM). In addition, Manguinhas will make a brief tutorial on the Search and Record API taking Newspapers items as the main exploration use case.
Part II: APIs related to historical Newspapers
Behind the Europeana Newspapers Collection is a set of APIs that apply IIIF as their core technology. This part will walk the audience through the APIs and IIIF, explaining what data is available and how it is structured with a primary focus on the full-text associated with historical Newspapers. Manguinhas will also explain how large amounts of data can be accessed using the OAI-PMH service or downloaded directly as dumps.
Part III: Open discussion and feedback
We will end by asking the audience for feedback, including on how the Europeana APIs could be of use to the Research community
Europeana Collections offers online access to digital collections from over 3,700 galleries, libraries, museums and archives. The transfer of metadata from these institutions is done through a number of regional, national, domain and thematic aggregators. To have their collections published online, we have developed a data model, Europeana Data Model, that brings together specifications of other metadata formats, adds contextual information to the records and contributes to their publication as linked open data.
This session will cover briefly our recommendations for metadata quality, the possibilities of enhancement of certain fields and the various data re-use opportunities.
Aggregation of Linked Data A case study in the cultural heritage domainNuno Freire
Presented at IEEE BIGDATA 2018 conference - December 2018
A very large number of online cultural heritage (CH) resources is made available through numerous digital libraries. To address the difficulties of discoverability in CH, the common practice is metadata aggregation, where centralized efforts like Europeana facilitate discoverability by collecting the resources’ metadata. In the last years, the CH domain has invested in data models for Linked Data (LD) representation of CH metadata. LD, however, also has potential for innovating metadata aggregation. We present the results of a pilot case study within the Europeana Network. In this pilot, the National Library of The Netherlands plays the role of initial data provider, with the Dutch Digital Heritage Network the one of intermediary service providing datasets to Europeana. We analysed the requirements for an LD aggregation solution and defined a workflow that fulfils the same functional requirements as Europeana’s current solution. The workflow was put into practice within the pilot and led to the development of several software components for managing datasets, harvesting LD, data analysis and integration. Our analysis of the experience discusses the effort of adopting such an LD approach for data providers and aggregators, the expertise required by CH data analysts, and the supporting tools required for semantic data.
Building an ecosystem of networked referencesHugo Manguinhas
Over the past five years, the amount of contextual entities in Europeana’s metadata has grown considerably. These entities are provided as references as part of the metadata delivered by Europeana or selected by Europeana semantic automatic enrichment. Pursuing their efforts towards the creation of a semantic network around cultural heritage objects, Europeana and its partners providers and aggregators are investigating ways to better exchange vocabulary data and manage co-references/alignments between vocabularies. In this presentation we will explore the potential of tools such as OpenSkos and Cultuurlink for supporting the building of networked references.
Presented at the 6th DBpedia Community Meeting in The Hague 2016, see http://wiki.dbpedia.org/meetings/TheHague2016
A Cultural Heritage Repository as Source for Learning MaterialsManjulaPatel
A presentation given by Manjula Patel (UKOLN) at VAST 2004: The 5th International Symposium on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Intelligent Cultural Heritage (http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/vast/vast2004.html)
Opening Digitized Newspapers Corpora: Europeana’s Full-text Data Interoperabi...Nuno Freire
Cultural heritage institutions hold collections of printed newspapers that are valuable resources for the study of history, linguistics and other Digital Humanities scientific domains. Effective retrieval of newspapers content based on metadata only is a task nearly impossible, making the retrieval based on (digitized) full-text particularly relevant. Europeana, Europe’s Digital Library, is in the position to provide access to large newspapers collections with full-text resources. Full-text corpora are also relevant for Europeana’s objective of promoting the usage of cultural heritage resources for use within research infrastructures. We have derived requirements for aggregating and publishing Europeana’s newspapers full-text corpus in an interoperable way, based on investigations into the specific characteristics of cultural data, the needs of two research infrastructures (CLARIN and EUDAT) and the practices being promoted in the International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF) community. We have then defined a ‘full-text profile’ for the Europeana Data Model, which is being applied to Europeana’s newspaper corpus.
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Semantic Interoperability at Europeana - MultilingualDSIs2018
1. Semantic Interoperability at
Europeana
Antoine Isaac
with slides from Hugo Manguinhas, Valentine Charles, Nuno Freire,
Juliane Stiller
Workshop on Semantic Interoperability for Multilingual DSIs
Brussels, 18 October 2018
2. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Europeana is a rather big digital
culture effort
58 million digitized objects, from 3,700 institutions in 44 countries
3. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
The data Europeana holds
● Descriptive and technical metadata
● Thumbnails
As a rule, content is still served from our data partners
● Some content for specific projects
● newspapers text and images
● user-generated content (Europeana 1914-1918)
4. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
A network of data partners
● Data providers: Cultural heritage institutions providing content and metadata
to Europeana
● "Intermediate” Aggregators:
organizations or projects gathering
metadata and content for institutions
from a specific country, sector, or on a
specific domain (music, archaeology,
theater…) and making it available for
Europeana and other data consumers
5. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Title here
CC BY-SA
Quality issues
Europeana Essentials
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
6. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Europeana is diverse
58 million digitized objects, from 3,700 institutions in 44
countries
● Many different themes and types of objects
Books, newspapers, journals, letters, diaries, archival papers, paintings, maps, drawings, photographs,
music, spoken word, radio broadcasts, film, newsreels, television, fashion, sculpture, 3D objects, and
more
● Libraries, archives, museums have different ways to describe
objects. Even within a sector, big differences can be observed
● Heterogeneity makes quality issues worse
7. Title here
CC BY-SA
Multilinguism
Europeana Essentials
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
● Officially we get metadata in 44 languages
● But there are more languages used in individual
metadata fields
8. Title here
CC BY-SA
Europeana Essentials
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Work by Péter Kiraly (Göttingen Research alliance)
http://144.76.218.178/europeana-
qa/languages.php?collectionId=all&field=aggregated
9. Title here
CC BY-SA
Europeana Essentials
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Work by Péter Kiraly (Göttingen Research alliance)
http://144.76.218.178/europeana-
qa/languages.php?collectionId=all&field=aggregated
10. Title here
CC BY-SA
Multilinguism
Europeana Essentials
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
● Officially we get metadata in 44 languages
● But there are more languages used in individual
metadata fields
• Over 400 language codes
• E.g., 6 values in x-aramaic-latn - not a valid code by the way
• But the most common case is lack of language information!
11. France, Public Domain
1932, National Library of France
Agence de presse Mondial Photo-Presse.
Tournoi royal de motos à Londres :
changement d'une roue de side-car en
marche
How to make these
data work together?
1. Data Modeling for
interoperability and
richer data
12. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Metadata conversion flows
● Mappings of metadata: the metadata comes to Europeana after one or two
(expert-crafted) mappings to "interoperability formats".
13. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Following the Linked Open Data principles
http://vimeo.com/36752317
14. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SACC BY-SA
• To develop the open data ecosystem, facilitating better
communication between developers and publishers;
• To provide guidance to publishers, promoting the re-use of data;
• To foster trust in the data among developers
Data on the Web
Best Practices
Working Group
https://www.w3.org/2013/dwbp/
15. CC BY-SA
• Use terms from shared vocabularies, preferably standardized
ones
• Check that classes, properties, terms, elements or attributes
used to represent a dataset do not replicate those defined by
vocabularies used for other datasets.
• Or if you have to replicate, indicate mappings clearly
BP 15: Reuse vocabularies, preferably
standardized ones
16. CC BY-SA
• Accept that precise specs can enable automated reasoning but that
complex vocabularies require more effort to produce and hamper
reuse of data
• Minimize ontological commitment of your vocabulary – or seek to
minimize the commitment of others’ vocabularies
• Check examples of “softer” specs, e.g. Schema.org or SKOS
BP 16: Choose the right formalization
level
17. The Europeana Data Model (EDM)
CC BY-SA
An RDF-based model that reuses many vocabularies:
• DC
• SKOS
• OAI-ORE
• Web Annotation
• RDA
• FOAF
• WGS84
• ccRel
• ODRL/POE
• CIDOC CRM
• EBUcore
• DOAP
• SVCS
• DCAT
• ADMS…
W3C Data on the Web BP – Data Vocabularies
Complete list of elements at
https://github.com/europeana/corelib/wiki/EDMObjectTemplatesEuropeana
18. Title here
CC BY-SA
Title here
CC BY-SA
Europeana Essentials
CC BY-SA
A basic EDM example
CC BY-SA
Clavecin, Bartolomeo Cristofori
Cite de la Musique,
MIMO - Musical Instruments Museums Online|CC BY-NC-SA
Europeana Data Model example
19. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
A community driven model
• Involving experts from libraries, archives, museums and academics
• Adopting a collaborative, softer form of standardization
• Documenting the base model refering to community extensions
http://pro.europeana.eu/europeana-tech
Europeana Assembly General Meeting, Rijksmuseum,
Amsterdam, 2015
20. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Extension in DM2E project (Digital Manuscripts to Europeana)
http://onto.dm2e.eu/schemas/dm2e
EDM enables specialization of classes
and properties.
This allows partners to define
extensions answering the needs of
specific communities.
Different semantic grains
21. (Some of) what it takes
CC BY-SA
• Re-using is easier when one has a cool-head approach to semantics
• Flexibility is required: we sometimes changed definitions because we
had some semantic overcommitment
22. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Semantic interoperability also
requires a general effort on quality
We have set up a Data Quality Committee working on
recommendations for the community on:
○ Mandatory metadata elements for ingestion of EDM data
○ Metadata checking and normalization
○ Meaningful metadata values (in the context of use)
○ Coordination with other quality-related initiatives
http://pro.europeana.eu/get-involved/europeana-tech/data-quality-committee
23. How to make these data
work together?
2. Enriching metadata
France, Public Domain
1914, National Library of France
Agence de presse Meurisse
Concours de cycles nautiques sur le lac
d’Enghien : Berregent piloté par Austerling
24. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Europeana Linked Data Strategy
Our lines of work
CC BY-SA
• The Europeana Data Model (EDM) offers a base for linking
metadata
• Aims at providing data as resources (with URIs!), not only strings
• Enables the development of a multilingual data environment
• We apply automatic enrichment to link object metadata to
reference datasets
• We encourage data providers to contribute their own links to
vocabularies
Designing a Multilingual Knowledge Graph as a Service for Cultural Heritage
25. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
CC BY-SA
Thumbnail
Descriptive Metadata
Link to data
provider
Rights
27. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Warning: multilingual enrichment is not
easy
Poisonous India or the Importance of a Semantic and Multilingual
Enrichment Strategy
Marlies Olensky, Juliane Stiller, Evelyn Dröge, MTSR 2012
http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-642-35233-
1_25
28. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Building a network of contextual
information
Europeana grows a “Semantic Layer” linking to contextual resources (e.g.
concepts, persons, places).
Diagram by Stefan Gradmann
29. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Contextual entities in EDM
edm:Agent
foaf:name
skos:altLabel
rdaGr2:biographicalInformation
rdaGr2:dateOfBirth
skos:Concept
skos:prefLabel
skos:altLabel
skos:broader
skos:related
skos:definition….
edm:TimeSpan
skos:prefLabel
dcterms:isPartOf
edm:begin
edm:end
….
edm:Place
wgs84_pos:lat
wgs84_pos:long
skos:prefLabel
skos:note
dcterms:isPartOf….
Representing (real-world) entities related to an object
as fully fledged resources, not just strings
30. Europeana Essentials
CC BY-SA
Example: a concept from a
specialized thesaurus (MIMO)
CC BY-SA
Clavecin, Bartolomeo Cristofori
Cite de la Musique,
MIMO - Musical Instruments Museums Online|CC BY-NC-SA
31. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Example: an AAT concept in EDM
edm:ProvidedCHO
Hourglass
urn:imss:instrument:401058
dc:type
skos:Concept
http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/3
00198626
skos:prefLabel
skos:prefLabel
skos:prefLabel
hourglasses@en
uurglazen@nl
reloj de las
horas@es
skos:broader
http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300206197
=sandglasses
32. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Europeana Linked Data Strategy
LOD Vocabularies currently recognized by Europeana in providers'
metadata
CC BY-SA
Designing a Multilingual Knowledge Graph as a Service for Cultural Heritage
Vocabulary URL
MIMO Concepts http://www.mimo-db.eu/
MIMO Instrument makers http://www.mimo-db.eu/
The Getty - Art & Architecture Thesaurus (AAT) http://vocab.getty.edu/
The Getty - Union List of Artist Names (ULAN) http://vocab.getty.edu/
Virtual International Authority File (VIAF) http://viaf.org/viaf/
Geonames http://sws.geonames.org/
IconClass http://iconclass.org/
Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) http://d-nb.info/gnd
Israel Museum Jerusalem Concepts http://www.imj.org.il/imagine/thesaurus/objects/
Partage Plus concepts http://partage.vocnet.org/
data.europeana.eu WWI Concepts from Library of Congress
Subject Headings (LCSH) http://data.europeana.eu/concept/loc
Europeana Sounds Genres http://data.europeana.eu/concept/soundgenres/
EAGLE Material & Object Type http://www.eagle-network.eu/voc/
DISMARC Formats & Genres http://purl.org/dismarc/ns/
UDC http://udcdata.info/rdf/
UNESCO Thesaurus http://vocabularies.unesco.org/thesaurus/
33. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Europeana Linked Data Strategy
Our lines of work
CC BY-SA
• The Europeana Data Model (EDM) offers a base for linking
metadata
• We apply automatic enrichment to link object metadata to
reference datasets
• We encourage data providers to contribute their own links to
vocabularies
• We encourage alignment activities between domain
vocabularies
Designing a Multilingual Knowledge Graph as a Service for Cultural Heritage
34. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Encouraging (semi-) automatic vocabulary alignment
CC BY-SA
http://cultuurlink.beeldengeluid.nl
35. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
The Europeana Entity
Collection and API
Netherlands, Public Domain
1660 - 1625, Rijksmuseum
Anonymous
Arrival of a Portuguese ship
36. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Europeana Linked Data Strategy
A strategy for Entities
CC BY-SA
We are building an "Entity Collection"
• A service that acts as a centralized point of reference and access to
data about contextual entities: places, agents (persons and
organizations), concepts...
• Caching and curating data from the wider Linked Open Data cloud
• A sort of Europeana "knowledge graph" with an API
• A service can be re-used by everyone in our community
37. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Uses cases for the Entity Collection (1/2)
CC BY-SA
Improve user experience on Europeana services
● Findability: users can search with and for people, places and subjects, not only objects. In many
more languages, and with less ambiguity
● Contextualization: users see contextual information about cultural heritage objects. Entity Pages
group and present all assertions about an entity
● Exploration: Browsing along relationships between objects and entities and between entities
Semantic auto-
completion
Entity Pages Entity based facets
Europeana Food & Drink
Project
38. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Uses cases for the Entity Collection (2/2)
CC BY-SA
Crowdsourcing
● Objects can be annotated with references to
entities of their context
Automatic enrichment of providers' metadata
● A controlled vocabulary to help recognize references to entities
Republication for reuse
● Entities can be republished as an open source to the community
Semantic and
Metadata annotations
Pundit Annotation Client
from Digital Manuscripts to
Euiropeana (DM2E)
39. Data currently in the Entity Collection
CC BY-SA
Mostly corresponding to a selection made for Europeana's Semantic
Enrichment
• Places
a subset of Geonames, corresponding to places which are part of European
countries and of some specific feature classes.
• Agents
a subset of DBpedia corresponding to most of the instances of dbp:Artist
with some exceptions, and integrated from 49 DBpedia language editions.
• Concepts
a subset of DBpedia corresponding to a selection concepts matching the
needs from Europeana Collections (e.g., WWI battles).
Europeana Sounds music genres (obtained from Wikidata)
Photo Consortium's photography vocabulary
• Organizations
Extracted from Europeana's CRM and aligned to Wikidata when possible
216,302
resources
1,572
resources
165,005
resources
1,077
resources
40. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
The Entity Collection
Contribution to multilingual coverage
Entities effectively used to enrich Europeana Objects
Entities present in the Entity Collection
41. Selecting data sources
CC BY-SA
An intellectual effort by data experts, leveraging the following criteria:
• Availability and access: open license, published on the web as linked
data
• Granularity, size and coverage: multilingual data, helping to answer key
user needs for Europeana's CH collections. Too generic or large datasets
can create too much ambiguity for the simple processes we have (e.g.
enrichment)
• Quality: intrinsic aspects like correctness of representation (data
structures)
• Connectivity: good data sources are well-connected internally and
externally to other datasets
42. The Entity Collection and API
DBpedia resource for “Mozart” in our data
CC BY-SA
Coreference links to 6 other
datasets
(e.g. Freebase, Wikidata)
Inter-linking information
Preferred labels for 48
languages
43. Entity API - suggest method
CC BY-SA
/entities/suggest.json?text=neo
44. The Europeana Entity Collection – Where we stand
CC BY-SA
• We've made enough progress to release a first version of the
Entity Collection and its API, used in Europeana's production
services.
• But there are still challenges and decisions to ensure
consistency and relevance over time:
• Expand data coverage with new data sources for, e.g., events
• Employ the EC to better enrich Europeana object metadata
• Enhance discoverability, especially for search engines, e.g. via
Schema.org publication
45. Title here
CC BY-SACC BY-SA
Title here
CC BY-SA
Name of image | Creator
Providing organization|
Country, licence
Name of image | Creator
Providing organization| Country, licence
antoine.isaac@europeana.eu
@antoine_isaac