EDM for sounds

EDM for Europeana Sounds
Cécile Devarenne
Operations Officer
Metadata training, Europeana Sounds project
Athens, 23rd/24th of October 2014

Content
• What is the Europeana Data Model (EDM)?
• What is the EDM profile for sounds?
• Classes in EDM: edm:ProvidedCHO, ore:Aggregation,
edm:WebResource, contextual classes
• edm:Collection, a subclass specified by the EDM profile for sounds
• Connections in EDM
• Representation of sounds cultural heritage objects in EDM
• What is data quality in EDM: mandatory elements, rich
contextualized data and rich digital representations modeled in the
best possible way from the source data
Most of the examples shown in the coming slides are descriptions of
sounds or audio-related content

What is the Europeana Data Model?
• The EDM is a theoretical data model that allows data to be
presented in different ways according to the practices of the various
domains who contribute data to Europeana
• Before EDM, ESE: flat data model, data on real object and digital
object mixed together, no links between objects and context (e.g
agents and concepts and places)
• EDM was implemented to enable enhanced descriptive metadata

What is the EDM profile for sounds?
• The EDM profile for sounds is a set of recommendations for the
adaptation of the current Europeana Data Model (EDM) for audio
and audio-related objects
• It is the result of a consultation among participants of the Sounds
project and its outcome is described in the report of the Task Force
EDM profile for sounds
• It includes additional specific properties enabling a better
description of sounds and audio-related objects
• It also includes two additional sub classes to EDM: edm:Collection
and mo:MusicalGroup

What is the Europeana Data Model?
• All documentation on EDM is available on the Europeana
Professional website: http://pro.europeana.eu/edm-documentation
• The main document to refer to to get a full understanding on the
present implementation of the EDM schema is the EDM guidelines
is downloadable here
• Main reference for guidance in mapping: all the properties
described in the EDM guidelines are also listed as an Annex to the
EDM profile for sounds
https://basecamp.com/1936492/projects/4984360/
uploads/16914642?
enlarge=111488668#attachment_111488668

EDM classes enabling the description of
cultural heritage objects
• Three core classes:
• edm:ProvidedCHO - the provided cultural heritage object
A music score
• edm:WebResource - the web resource that is the digital
representation
One digitization of the music score
• ore:Aggregation - the aggregation that groups the classes together
• Four contextual classes:
• edm:Agent – who
The creator of the work shown on the music score
• edm:Place – where
• edm:TimeSpan - when
• skos:Concept - what
The genre of the work shown on the music score

EDM classes enabling the description of
cultural heritage objects
• Visualization of the three core classes

EDM classes - edm:ProvidedCHO
• The provided cultural heritage object (PCHO) is the cultural
heritage object that you provide to Europeana
• A PCHO can be analog or digital born
• Examples of PCHOs related to sounds: a music score, a musical
work, the broadcast of an interview on the radio, a nature sound,
etc.

• The edm:ProvidedCHO class includes descriptive metadata
properties applying to the PCHO: title, description, contributor
(literal or reference), creator (literal or reference), format (literal or
reference), type of object (literal or reference), etc.
• Most of the properties available in the edm:ProvidedCHO class are
Dublin Core properties; some EDM properties are also available
• The edm:ProvidedCHO class has as an identifier the identifier of
the PCHO you provide to Europeana: this value needs to be unique
and persistent!

• A few examples of additional properties for edm:ProvidedCHO
specified by the EDM profile for sounds
• ebucore:hasGenre (subproperty of dc:subject) to capture
the genre of a resource
• ebucore:duration (subproperty of dcterms:extent) to capture
duration information

<edm:ProvidedCHO rdf:about="/2022104/
urn_axmedis_00000_obj_55845aa3_2689_4fc9_95c1_2162a1ac7df7">
<dc:creator xml:lang="fr">Le Cifas - Centre inernational de formation en arts du
spectacle, La Bellone - Maison du Spectacle à Bruxelles.</dc:creator>
<dc:description xml:lang="fr">Enregistrement du Colloque et de la Table ronde
"L'Apocalypse ici et maintenant", donné le Vendredi 6 juin 2008 à La Bellne, Maison du
Spectacle à Bruxelles.
Organisation : Cifas. En coréalisation avec La Bellone.</dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="fr">
Effondrement des idéologies, catastrophes naturelles et technologiques, épidémies
et famines, négation des valeurs morales et extrémismes font partie de notre actualité
quotidienne. Nos sources d’énergie s’épuisent, la planète se réchauffe : la peur de
l’avenir se répand. Nous nous intéressons aux échos et retombées que trouvent ces
questionnements sur la scène contemporaine. L’interrogation sur l’Apocalypse, sur la «fin
des temps » comme moment, acte et réalités en tant que thématique du théâtre contemporain
sera donc au centre de cette journée d’étude qui proposera un aperçu et un état des lieux
– aléatoire et subjectif – de l’Apocalypse sur la scène théâtrale contemporaine à travers
écritures, mises en scène et esthétiques. </dc:description>
<dc:language xml:lang="fr">fr</dc:language>
<dc:title xml:lang="fr">L'Apocalypse ici et maintenant - 14</dc:title>
<dc:type xml:lang="fr">audio</dc:type>
<dc:type rdf:resource="http://www.eclap.eu/Classification/PerformingArtsType/501"/>
<dcterms:extent>00:10:01.0</dcterms:extent>
<dcterms:temporal rdf:resource="http://www.eclap.eu/Classification/HistoricalPeriod/
566"/>
<dcterms:temporal rdf:resource="http://www.eclap.eu/Classification/HistoricalPeriod/
675"/>
<edm:type>SOUND</edm:type>
</edm:ProvideCHO>

EDM classes - edm:WebResource
• A web resource is a digital representation of the PCHO you provide
to Europeana
• A web resource can be a link to a downloadable file (direct link) or a
link to a web page showing the PCHO in context on your website
• Examples of web resources related to sounds: one digitization of a
music score, a recording of a musical work, a link to a page
showing a stream of the broadcast of an interview on the radio with
additional context data, a recording of a nature sound, etc.

• The edm:WebResource class is not mandatory: the links to digital
representations can be provided only as single links in the
ore:Aggregation class
• The edm:WebResource class includes descriptive metadata
properties applying to the digital representation: description, creator
(literal or reference), format (literal or reference), specific rights
• Most of the properties available in the edm:WebResource class are
Dublin Core properties; some EDM properties - especially
edm:rights - are also available
• The edm:WebResource class has as an identifier the URL where
the digital representation can be accessed: this value needs to be
persistent!

• An example of additional properties for edm:ProvidedCHO
specified by the EDM profile for sounds:
• Technical metadata about the digital representation
ebucore:hasAudioEncodingFormatebucore:bitrate,
ebucore:audioTrackConfiguration,
ebucore:audioChannelNumber,ebucore:hasMimeType,
ebucore:fileSize, ebucore:sampleRate, ebucore:sampleSize

<edm:WebResource rdf:about="http://biocase.zfmk.de/sounds?guid=BIAVCIFAFATI-GRATHYM005C001A20110421T051501-
S015291E035753ID1-q9c9e9f9F.mp3">
<dc:description>O. Jahn (Creator)</dc:description>
<dc:description>Recorder: Song Meter SM2, Firmware v.2.3.0; Microphone: SMX-II
Microphones; Tape no.: ; Filter: edited and/or filtered</dc:description>
<dc:format>audio/mpeg</dc:format>
<dcterms:created>2011-04-21</dcterms:created>
<edm:rights rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"/>
</edm:WebResource>
is a edm:WebResource class for

EDM classes - ore:Aggregation
• The aggregation links the digital representations (web resources)
and the PCHO together in a bundle
• In other words: the ore:Aggregation class is the class that groups
the other classes together
• The ore:Aggregation class references the links provided as digital
representations of the PCHO (edm:isShownBy, edm:isShownAt,
edm:object, edm:hasView)
• The ore:Aggregation class includes metadata properties that apply
to both the PCHO and the web resources:
• edm:dataProvider and edm:Provider
• edm:rights
• The ore:Aggregation class has its own identifier; this value also
needs to be unique and persistent!

EDM classes - ore:Aggregation
<ore:Aggregation df:about="http://web-openup.nhm.ac.uk/oai-provider/index.php?
form=display&oaiid=ZFMKAMIBIO:ZFMK:GERMANY/ZFMKAMIBIO17&db=0">
<edm:aggregatedCHO rdf:resource="/11618/_ZFMKAMIBIO_ZFMK_GERMANY_17"/>
<edm:dataProvider>Zoological Research Museum Koenig</edm:dataProvider>
<edm:isShownAt rdf:resource="http://orthoptera.speciesfile.org/Common/
Basic/Taxa.aspx?TaxonNameID=0"/>
<edm:isShownBy rdf:resource="http://biocase.zfmk.de/sounds?
guid=BIAVCIFAFATI-GRATHYM005C001A20110421T051501-S015291E035753ID1-
q9c9e9f9F.mp3"/>
<edm:provider>OpenUp!</edm:provider>
</ore:Aggregation>

EDM classes - edm:Collection
• The edm:Collection class is part of the EDM sounds profile and is
not implemented in the current version of EDM
• A collection gathers different items of similar importance which
relate to the main collection entity as its members
• The edm:Collection class is a sub class of the edm:ProvidedCHO
class and is referenced in the ore:Aggregation class (see following
slide)
• All properties of the edm:Collection class are specified in the Task
force report

EDM classes - how is everything linked?
<edm:WebResource rdf:about="http://biocase.zfmk.de/sounds?guid=BIAVCIFAFATI-GRATHYM005C001A20110421T051501-
S015291E035753ID1-q9c9e9f9F.mp3">
<dc:description>O. Jahn (Creator)</dc:description>
<dc:description>Recorder: Song Meter SM2, Firmware v.2.3.0; Microphone: SMX-II Microphones;
Tape no.: ; Filter: edited and/or filtered</dc:description>
<dc:format>audio/mpeg</dc:format>
<dcterms:created>2011-04-21</dcterms:created>
</edm:WebResource>
<ore:Aggregation xmlns:ore="http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/" rdf:about="http://web-openup.
nhm.ac.uk/oai-provider/index.php?form=display&oaiid=ZFMKAMIBIO:ZFMK:GERMANY/
ZFMKAMIBIO17&db=0">
<edm:aggregatedCHO rdf:resource="/11618/_ZFMKAMIBIO_ZFMK_GERMANY_17"/>
<edm:dataProvider>Zoological Research Museum Koenig</edm:dataProvider>
<edm:isShownAt rdf:resource="http://orthoptera.speciesfile.org/Common/Basic/Taxa.aspx?
TaxonNameID=0"/>
<edm:isShownBy rdf:resource="http://biocase.zfmk.de/sounds?guid=BIAVCIFAFATI-GRATHYM005C001A20110421T051501-
S015291E035753ID1-q9c9e9f9F.mp3"/>
<edm:provider>OpenUp!</edm:provider>
</ore:Aggregation>
<edm:ProvidedCHO rdf:about="/11618/_ZFMKAMIBIO_ZFMK_GERMANY_17">
<dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">ZFMK - AMIBIO - 17</dc:identifier>
<dc:relation xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/
name/Falco__tinnunculus</dc:relation>
<dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Falco tinnunculus</dc:title>
<dc:type>SoundRecording</dc:type>
<edm:hasType rdf:resource="http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/dwctype/SoundRecording"/>
<edm:type>SOUND</edm:type>
</edm:ProvidedCHO>

EDM classes - edm:Agent
• Why contextual classes?
• A possible value in the edm:ProvidedCHO class for a music
work:
• dc:creator: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
• You want to increase searchability and retrievability of your item
and you have more than this to provide!
• dc:creator: Βόλφγκανγκ Αμαντέους Μότσαρτ, etc
• edm:dateOfBirth: 1765 / edm:dateOfDeath: 1791
• This additional data is related to a person and can be modeled
in EDM using the edm:Agent class

EDM classes - edm:Agent
• How to create contextual classes?
• In the edm:ProvidedCHO class, map the identifier/reference
(URI) of the Agent as described in an ontology
• dc:creator: http://viaf.org/viaf/32197206
• Map in an edm:Agent class all the data you have available from
that ontology and use as an identifier for this edm:Agent
instance the URI written below
• dc:creator preferred name in French: Wolfgang Amadeus
Mozart
• dc:creator preferred name in Greek: Βόλφγκανγκ Αμαντέους
Μότσαρτ
• edm:dateOfBirth: 1765 / edm:dateOfDeath: 1791

EDM classes - skos:Concept
Concepts - skos:Concept class
• Subjects, types, genres can be represented
• Multilingual labels (skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel) can be provided
with their language
• Editorial notes on a subject can be specified
Europeana Sounds vocabularies:
• EuropeanaMusicGenre/FormVocabulary
• EuropeanaNon-MusicGenre/FormVocabulary
• Linked to the edm:ProvidedCHO class through ebucore:hasGenre
• Europeana Carrier Types Vocabulary
• Linked to the edm:ProvidedCHO class through dcterms:medium

EDM classes - edm:Place
Places - edm:Place class
• Place of creation, place of curation, place related to the object
(place where a musical work was recorded, etc), place related
to the creator of an object (place where the creator of a work
was born, etc) can be represented
• Multilingual labels (skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel) can be
provided with their language
• Geo-coordinates can be added

EDM classes - edm:TimeSpan
Time - em:TimeSpan class
• Date of creation, date of publication, date of recording can be
represented
• Data ranges can be provided for a specific date to increase
retrievability

EDM classes - how is everything linked?
<edm:ProvidedCHO rdf:about="http://data.europeana.eu/proxy/provider/2024913/
photography_ProvidedCHO_Parisienne_de_Photographie_988_5">
...
<dc:description xml:lang="fr">Jean Cocteau (1889-1963), écrivain français, 1934. </
dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="en">Jean Cocteau (1889-1963), French writer, 1934. </dc:description>
<dc:format rdf:resource="http://bib.arts.kuleuven.be/photoVocabulary/12003"/>
<dc:identifier>988-5</dc:identifier>
<dc:rights>© Boris Lipnitzki / Roger Viollet</dc:rights>
<dc:subject rdf:resource="http://bib.arts.kuleuven.be/photoVocabulary/30114"/>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Film</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Artiste</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Portrait</dc:subject>
<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Jean Cocteau (1889-1963), écrivain français</dc:title>
...
<edm:type>IMAGE</edm:type>
</edm:ProvidedCHO>
<skos:Concept rdf:about=« http://bib.arts.kuleuven.be/photoVocabulary/30114">
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="pl">teatr</skos:prefLabel>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="nl">Theater</skos:prefLabel>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="bg">театър</skos:prefLabel>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="fr">Théâtre</skos:prefLabel>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="uk">Театр</skos:prefLabel>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="ru">Театр</skos:prefLabel>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="ca">teatre</skos:prefLabel>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="zh">剧场</skos:prefLabel>
<skos:altLabel xml:lang="de">Schauspielhaus</skos:altLabel>
<skos:altLabel xml:lang=« de">Sprech-Bühne</skos:altLabel>
...
<skos:broader rdf:resource="http://bib.arts.kuleuven.be/photoVocabulary/30273"/>
</skos:Concept>

EDM modeling - how can I represent a
cultural heritage object using EDM?
• Thumbnails and Sound cultural heritage objects
• Recommended but not mandatory; no logo or default thumbnails can be provided

• Thumbnails and Sound cultural heritage objects
• Recommended but not mandatory; no logo or default thumbnails can be
provided
<ore:Aggregation rdf:about="#Aggregation">
<edm:aggregatedCHO rdf:resource="#PCHO"/>
<edm:dataProvider>Sächsische Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek
Dresden</edm:dataProvider>
<edm:isShownBy rdf:resource="http://media.slub-dresden.de/fon/snp/b/006697/
fon_snp_b_006697_01.mp3"/>
<edm:object rdf:resource="http://media.slub-dresden.de/fon/snp/b/006697/
fon_snp_b_006697_01.jpg"/>
<edm:provider>Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek</edm:provider>
<edm:rights rdf:resource="#rights"/>
</ore:Aggregation>

Multiple web resources

<edm:WebResource rdf:about="http://www.mimo-db.eu/media/CM/IMAGE/CMIM000023441.jpg">
</edm:WebResource>
</edm:WebResource>
</edm:WebResource>
<edm:WebResource rdf:about="http://www.mimo-db.eu/media/CM/AUDIO/
CM0161358eCOAU900095301_01.mp3">
</edm:WebResource>
<edm:WebResource rdf:about=http://www.mimo-db.eu/media/CM/IMAGE/CMIM000015229.jpg">
</edm:WebResource>
<ore:Aggregation rdf:about="#Aggregation">
<edm:aggregatedCHO rdf:resource="#PCHO"/>
<edm:dataProvider>DataProvider</edm:dataProvider>
<edm:isShownBy rdf:resource=http://www.mimo-db.eu/media/CM/IMAGE/CMIM000023435.jpg"/>
<edm:hasView rdf:resource="http://www.mimo-db.eu/media/CM/IMAGE/CMIM000023436.jpg"/>
<edm:hasView rdf:resource="http://www.mimo-db.eu/media/CM/IMAGE/CMIM000015229.jpg"/>
<edm:hasView rdf:resource="http://www.mimo-db.eu/media/CM/AUDIO/
CM0161358eCOAU900095301_01.mp3"/>
<edm:object rdf:resource="http://www.mimo-db.eu/media/CM/IMAGE/CMIM000023441.jpg"/>
<edm:provider>Provider</edm:provider>
<edm:rights rdf:resource="#defaultRights"/>
</ore:Aggregation>

EDM modeling - how can I represent
several cultural heritage objects and
their relations using EDM?
• Connections can be created between cultural heritage objects as
well as between a cultural heritage object and a web resource
• PCHOs can be related:
• within a sequence
• within a hierarchy
• Example: an opera in three acts, one PCHO is the opera itself and
each act is also a PCHO related to the opera via a hierarchy, the
three acts also connected and form a sequence
• Web resources can also be related:
• within a sequence
• within a hierarchy

<edm:ProvideCHO rdf:about="/9200300/BibliographicResource_3000051866016">
<dc:title>Wiener Zeitung - 1855-10-19</dc:title>
<dcterms:isPartOf rdf:resource="/9200300/BibliographicResource_3000052917527"/>
…
</edm:ProvideCHO>
<edm:ProvideCHO rdf:about="/9200300/BibliographicResource_3000052917527">
<dc:title>Wiener Zeitung</dc:title>
<dcterms:hasPart rdf:resource="/9200300/BibliographicResource_3000051866016"/>
…
</edm:ProvideCHO>

• Granularity of description and data propagation: you need to decide
what you will provide to Europeana as PCHO
• How can the decision be made:
• Do I have enough data to represent an artifact as a cultural
heritage object?
• What would be useful to the end user? How do I want my
collection to be best discovered?

• Multiple edm:WebResource instances instead of one PCHO per page

EDM data quality - what minimal set of
properties is required?
Applicable class Mandatory Properties (or alternatives)
Aggregation edm:dataProvider
Aggregation edm:isShownAt or edm:isShownBy
Aggregation edm:provider
Aggregation edm:rights
Aggregation edm:aggregatedCHO
Aggregation edm:ugc (when applicable)
ProvidedCHO dc:title or dc:description
ProvidedCHO dc:language for text objects
ProvidedCHO
dc:subject or dc:type or dc:coverage or
dcterms:spatial
ProvidedCHO edm:type

EDM data quality - what does the
minimum look like?

EDM data quality - Recommended
properties for Europeana Sounds
• The manual for data providers specifies for the project
recommendations for properties to increase the quality of your
submitted data:
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cWbRS_hsEpEZXtCD-Z1Ljq2rK9Q_
PUG0WMD7Wt2tHi0/edit
• The EDM profile for sounds established ebucore:hasGenre as a
mandatory property

EDM data quality - what do we mean by
richer data?
• Depth of description in provided metadata: presence, quality and
consistency of meaningful elements

richer data?
• High quality digital representations and appropriate rights
statements, if possible the digital objects are freely re-usable

richer data?
• Multilingual linked data, rich contextual information improving
discoverability

Let’s get practical!
Agenda for day 2: Mint and
mapping your records to EDM

Thank you!
Cécile Devarenne
cecile.devarenne@europeana.eu or content@europeana.eu

EDM for sounds

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