This document outlines the rules for pronouncing the past tense '-ed' based on the final sound of the infinitive verb. It details that '-ed' is pronounced as /d/ after voiced sounds, /t/ after unvoiced sounds, and as /id/ when the verb ends in /t/ or /d/. Examples of each pronunciation rule are provided.

1. Pronunciation -ED
When the infinitive ends in a Voiced Sound > / d /:
Voiced sounds are :
g, v, b, n, r, m, dz and all vowels
arrived argued loved annoyed begged
compared longed grabbed lied
bombed complained crawled decribed
changed

2. When the infinitive ends in an
unvoiced sound > /t /
Unvoiced sounds are:
p, f, s, th, k, sh, ch, h
Cooked watched helped jumped crashed
Introduced walked worked looked risked
washed confessed

3. Pronunciation /id/
When the verb in the infinitive ends
in sound /t/ (exist) or /d/ (flood) we pronounce:
/id/
Ended wanted arrested admitted afforded
expected decorated included interrupted
reported pretended
(C) A ppt. By Dulce