This document provides an overview of early Western civilizations between 4000-1000 BCE, including Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Hittites, Minoans, and Mycenaeans. It discusses the emergence of cities in Mesopotamia and the first civilization in Sumer, as well as the later empires of the Akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians. In Egypt, it outlines the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt and the rise of the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms. It also describes the Hittite kingdom in Anatolia, the Minoan palace society on Crete, and the Mycenaean commerce and culture on mainland Greece. The
The document summarizes key aspects of Eastern and Western Christendom between 500-1300 CE. It discusses how the Byzantine Empire built upon Roman traditions while diverging in religion and governance. Eastern Orthodoxy differed from Catholicism in allowing marriage of clergy and recognizing the authority of the patriarch of Constantinople. The Byzantine Empire engaged in trade and spread its culture, influencing Kievan Rus. Western Europe fragmented after the fall of Rome, adopting feudalism and experiencing economic and population changes between 1000-1300 CE. The Crusades had cultural and political impacts on Europe and the Near East. Borrowing of knowledge from other civilizations supported advances in Western Europe.
The document contains questions about the Byzantine Empire and medieval Europe between 500-1500 CE. It asks about the characteristics of western Europe after the fall of Rome, how the Byzantine Empire preserved elements of Rome, and the political authority and decline of the Byzantine Empire. It also asks about the relationship between church and state in Byzantium, the divisions in Christianity, and the influence of Byzantium on Rus. Other questions cover the development of feudalism, the role of the church in western Europe, changes after 1000 CE, the growth of towns and cities, opportunities for women, and the causes and impacts of the Crusades.
The document outlines the major developments in ancient Roman history from the origins of the Roman Republic through the rise and fall of the Roman Empire. It discusses the establishment of the Republic and its expansion throughout Italy and the Mediterranean. It also examines Roman culture, the institutions of the Empire under Augustus, the evolution of Rome's social and economic structures, the origins and spread of Christianity, and the challenges that led to Rome's eventual decline.
This document provides an overview of early civilizations in four sections:
1) Mesopotamian civilization emerged by 3000 BCE in cities along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, with complex social structures and writing developed by the Sumerians.
2) Ancient Egyptian civilization also emerged by 3200 BCE, centered around the pharaoh and bureaucracy rather than city-states. They developed hieroglyphic writing and religion.
3) Egypt and Mesopotamia had both similarities like stratified societies and differences like Egypt's centralized government versus Mesopotamian city-states.
4) Other early civilization centers included Kush in Africa, and the Minoans, Phoenicians, and
I. The document discusses the origins and spread of civilizations in ancient Mesoamerica and South America. Early hunter-gatherer societies emerged around 20,000 BCE and began cultivating crops like maize and potatoes by 5000 BCE, leading to more sedentary agricultural villages. The first complex chiefdoms and city-states emerged around 1200 BCE, most notably the Olmec civilization.
II. Between 150-900 CE, major civilizations developed across Mesoamerica, including the large city of Teotihuacan in central Mexico and the Classic Maya civilization across southern Mexico and Central America, with dozens of city-states having thousands of inhabitants each. However, these declined between 700-900 CE likely
I. The document discusses the spread of civilization in Africa, including the Bantu dispersal beginning around 3000 BCE which spread agriculture and ironworking throughout the continent by 1200 CE.
II. It examines Africa's interactions with the wider world, including the Christian kingdom of Axum in Ethiopia and the trading state of Ghana which controlled trans-Saharan trade routes.
III. Nomadic societies like the Celts, Germans, and Slavs are discussed, noting their migrations and cultural influences beginning in the 2nd millennium BCE.
In the early Middle Ages, there was very little social mobility as people were born into their social class and generally remained in it. Feudalism was a system where land was exchanged for military service. Manorialism was the economic system where land was the basis of wealth. The Roman Empire fell causing Western Europe to enter a Dark Age. The Roman Catholic Church was the central authority that provided unity and stability during the Middle Ages and could excommunicate kings or place interdicts on countries to show its political power over monarchs. Manors in the early Middle Ages were self-sufficient, providing all that people needed.
The document summarizes key aspects of Eastern and Western Christendom between 500-1300 CE. It discusses how the Byzantine Empire built upon Roman traditions while diverging in religion and governance. Eastern Orthodoxy differed from Catholicism in allowing marriage of clergy and recognizing the authority of the patriarch of Constantinople. The Byzantine Empire engaged in trade and spread its culture, influencing Kievan Rus. Western Europe fragmented after the fall of Rome, adopting feudalism and experiencing economic and population changes between 1000-1300 CE. The Crusades had cultural and political impacts on Europe and the Near East. Borrowing of knowledge from other civilizations supported advances in Western Europe.
The document contains questions about the Byzantine Empire and medieval Europe between 500-1500 CE. It asks about the characteristics of western Europe after the fall of Rome, how the Byzantine Empire preserved elements of Rome, and the political authority and decline of the Byzantine Empire. It also asks about the relationship between church and state in Byzantium, the divisions in Christianity, and the influence of Byzantium on Rus. Other questions cover the development of feudalism, the role of the church in western Europe, changes after 1000 CE, the growth of towns and cities, opportunities for women, and the causes and impacts of the Crusades.
The document outlines the major developments in ancient Roman history from the origins of the Roman Republic through the rise and fall of the Roman Empire. It discusses the establishment of the Republic and its expansion throughout Italy and the Mediterranean. It also examines Roman culture, the institutions of the Empire under Augustus, the evolution of Rome's social and economic structures, the origins and spread of Christianity, and the challenges that led to Rome's eventual decline.
This document provides an overview of early civilizations in four sections:
1) Mesopotamian civilization emerged by 3000 BCE in cities along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, with complex social structures and writing developed by the Sumerians.
2) Ancient Egyptian civilization also emerged by 3200 BCE, centered around the pharaoh and bureaucracy rather than city-states. They developed hieroglyphic writing and religion.
3) Egypt and Mesopotamia had both similarities like stratified societies and differences like Egypt's centralized government versus Mesopotamian city-states.
4) Other early civilization centers included Kush in Africa, and the Minoans, Phoenicians, and
I. The document discusses the origins and spread of civilizations in ancient Mesoamerica and South America. Early hunter-gatherer societies emerged around 20,000 BCE and began cultivating crops like maize and potatoes by 5000 BCE, leading to more sedentary agricultural villages. The first complex chiefdoms and city-states emerged around 1200 BCE, most notably the Olmec civilization.
II. Between 150-900 CE, major civilizations developed across Mesoamerica, including the large city of Teotihuacan in central Mexico and the Classic Maya civilization across southern Mexico and Central America, with dozens of city-states having thousands of inhabitants each. However, these declined between 700-900 CE likely
I. The document discusses the spread of civilization in Africa, including the Bantu dispersal beginning around 3000 BCE which spread agriculture and ironworking throughout the continent by 1200 CE.
II. It examines Africa's interactions with the wider world, including the Christian kingdom of Axum in Ethiopia and the trading state of Ghana which controlled trans-Saharan trade routes.
III. Nomadic societies like the Celts, Germans, and Slavs are discussed, noting their migrations and cultural influences beginning in the 2nd millennium BCE.
In the early Middle Ages, there was very little social mobility as people were born into their social class and generally remained in it. Feudalism was a system where land was exchanged for military service. Manorialism was the economic system where land was the basis of wealth. The Roman Empire fell causing Western Europe to enter a Dark Age. The Roman Catholic Church was the central authority that provided unity and stability during the Middle Ages and could excommunicate kings or place interdicts on countries to show its political power over monarchs. Manors in the early Middle Ages were self-sufficient, providing all that people needed.
Greece is located in Southern Europe and is considered the cradle of Western civilization. It was home to ancient Greek city-states like Athens and Sparta and was a center of philosophy, drama, and scientific principles in ancient times. After periods of rule by other powers like Rome and the Ottoman Empire, Greece gained independence in the 19th century. Some of Greece's major cities include Athens, the capital, Thessaloniki, and cities on the island of Crete. Greece is known for its mountains, islands, and Greek cuisine and culture like dances and mythology.
The document discusses the Classical period in world history, which ran from around 1000/800 BCE to 500/600 CE. Some key developments during this period included the formation and expansion of major civilizations like China, India, Persia, and the Mediterranean. These classical civilizations established population centers with tens of millions of people, utilized iron technology, and had more contacts with each other than earlier river valley societies through entities like the Phoenicians. The classical period thus saw the emergence of larger, more interconnected civilizations that built upon earlier achievements.
The document provides an overview of Chinese history from the Later Zhou dynasty to the Han dynasty. It discusses the philosophical teachings of Confucius that emphasized moral rectitude and education. It then describes the unification of China under the Qin dynasty and the emperor Qin Shi Huang. Finally, it outlines the establishment of the Han dynasty, including the dominance of Confucianism, the role of the scholar-gentry class, and the development of cities, commerce, arts, and sciences.
The document summarizes the history of India from the Age of Brahmin Dominance to the Gupta Empire. It describes the rise of Brahmin power in early India and the development of the caste system. It then discusses the era of social change and religious ferment, including the rise of Buddhism under Ashoka during the Mauryan Empire. Finally, it outlines the Gupta Empire's Hindu renaissance and recovery of Brahmin influence, before its decline in the 5th century CE.
The Etruscans originated from modern-day Turkey and immigrated to Italy in 1200 BCE, settling in the region of Etruria. They had a significant influence on early Roman culture and society. The Etruscans transformed Rome from a village into a well-designed city with sewer systems and organized the cities into independent states ruled by kings. They introduced gladiator fights, religious beliefs involving demons, and advanced urban planning concepts to the Romans. Their culture had a more equal view of gender relations compared to the Greeks.
The document provides discussion questions about the Byzantine Empire, including the regions it influenced, groups that attacked it, knowledge it preserved, and continuities with the Roman Empire. It also compares Orthodox and Catholic Christianity. Additional prompts guide essays on how two empires used religion to govern and how political transformations impacted Mediterranean cultures from 200-1000CE. Further questions compare the Byzantine Empire politically to Tang/Song China and the Islamic Umayyad and Abbasid empires, as well as their cultures from the 8th to 12th centuries.
The document provides an overview of key concepts from the First Feudal Age (300-1000 AD) in Europe. It summarizes the rise of the Byzantine Empire after the fall of Rome, the founding and spread of Islam, and the establishment of feudal systems and manorialism across Europe. Feudalism involved lords providing military protection to vassals in exchange for service and taxes. Manorialism formed the economic foundation, with serfs bound to manors and obligated to pay taxes to lords. Daily life for peasants on manors revolved around agriculture, village communities, and the church.
This presentation is done by Cherisse Adlawan as one of her projects on ITALIAN REGIONS in her Italian 10 class (AY 2013-2014) at the University of the Philippines under Prof. Emanuela Adesini.
The document provides an overview of Greek and Hellenistic history and culture from 550 BCE to the 4th century BCE. It summarizes the rise of the Persian Empire and the political development of the Greek city-states. It then discusses the conquests of Philip II and Alexander the Great that spread Greek rule and culture across the Mediterranean world and Near East, forming the Hellenistic period. The document also outlines creativity in religion, philosophy, science, literature and the arts during these eras as well as social and economic patterns, including the roles of aristocracy, merchants, slaves, and gender divisions.
- Ancient Egypt encompassed around 10,000 square miles along the fertile Nile river valley, which was much narrower than neighboring Mesopotamia.
- Egyptian civilization was already highly distinctive by the time of unification around 3000 BC under King Menes, with a theocratic government and religion centered around the pharaoh.
- Key aspects of early Egyptian civilization included its centralized administration, highly skilled art and architecture like the pyramids, and its solar calendar and belief in an afterlife that gave Egyptian culture great stability and continuity.
The document summarizes the history of ancient Rome from 753 BC to AD 476. It describes Rome's transition from kingdom to republic as it expanded across the Italian peninsula and dominated the Mediterranean. This was followed by the establishment of the Roman Empire under Augustus Caesar after the civil wars weakened the republic. The empire reached its greatest extent in the 2nd century AD but gradually declined as the frontier was breached by invasions and the economy was disrupted. By the 5th century, the western half of the empire had fractured into smaller barbarian kingdoms.
What is culture?
Where did western culture come from?
How is it different from Chinese culture?
How should I deal with these differences at work?
See more on www.randomwire.com
I. The document discusses upheavals in Eastern and Southern Asia including the decline of the Han dynasty in China and the Gupta dynasty in India.
II. It also covers the decline and fall of the Roman Empire from the 2nd century CE due to challenges such as declining population and tax revenues.
III. The development and spread of major world religions such as Christianity and Buddhism are examined. Christianity gained prominence in the Roman Empire after Constantine's conversion in the 4th century CE.
The Romans connected the Mediterranean world through military conquest and cultural assimilation between 752 BCE to 284 CE. They established a republic that expanded through the Punic Wars against Carthage. Dissatisfaction with the republic led to civil war and the rise of the Roman Empire under Augustus, who brought stability through the Pax Romana. The empire reached its peak between the 1st and 2nd centuries CE, but later faced challenges from within such as economic problems and invasions by Germanic tribes. Christianity also grew within the empire despite early persecution. By 284 CE, the empire was divided and entering a period of disarray.
Rome was an important civilization that served as a political model for later European states. It had a long history, beginning as a monarchy and evolving into a republic and then empire. Rome expanded greatly through military conquests across the Mediterranean region and Western Europe over centuries. Its culture was influenced by those of earlier civilizations like Greece but Rome also made many contributions to architecture, law, and other areas that still influence Western society today.
The document provides an overview of the Early Middle Ages in Europe, focusing on the Byzantine Empire and Germanic Kingdoms. It can be summarized as follows:
1) The Byzantine Empire emerged from the eastern half of the Roman Empire after the fall of Rome in 476 AD. It survived for over 1000 years with its capital in Constantinople, becoming a center of culture and learning.
2) Various Germanic tribes invaded the western Roman Empire between the 3rd-5th centuries, establishing kingdoms like the Franks and Visigoths. Charlemagne later united much of Western Europe under the Carolingian Empire in the 8th century.
3) The Slavs also migrated during
This document contains a group project report on ancient Greece. It includes research on Greece's history from the Bronze Age to modern times. Key events and eras are summarized such as the Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations, Ancient Greece and the influence of Greek culture. The report also outlines a script for a play about the Trojan War, detailing the main characters and scenes from the golden apple judgement to the fall of Troy.
The document provides an overview of life in medieval Europe between the 5th and 15th centuries. It describes this era as complex and vibrant, not a "dark age" as previously portrayed. Key developments included the rise of the Catholic Church as the most powerful institution, the expansion of Islam and its contributions to science, and the Crusades launched by the Church. Architecture like Romanesque and Gothic cathedrals expressed religious devotion, while feudal systems and growing trade in cities began transforming rural economies and societies. An outbreak of plague in the 14th century killed around 30% of Europe's population and helped usher in the Renaissance.
The Byzantine Empire prospered as a blending of Greek, Roman, Christian, and other cultures while the Western Roman Empire declined. Christianity was influential but divisions grew between the Orthodox Byzantine church and Catholic Roman church, resulting in a schism in 1054. The Hagia Sophia was completed in just six years and served as a church, mosque, and now museum, showcasing the Byzantine blend of architectural styles. For over 1000 years the Byzantines advanced culture through preserving classical knowledge, iconography, mosaics, and blending architectural influences.
Carybé foi um pintor argentino que se mudou para o Brasil e se estabeleceu na Bahia, onde se tornou conhecido por suas pinturas retratando as tradições, crenças e costumes do povo baiano, especialmente do candomblé. Ele produziu cerca de 5.000 obras ao longo de sua vida e foi muito respeitado por sua representação fiel da cultura baiana.
Carybé foi um artista argentino que se estabeleceu na Bahia e produziu mais de 5 mil obras celebrando a cultura afro-brasileira. Ele é conhecido por seus painéis e esculturas representando os orixás do candomblé e por murais em locais como o Memorial da América Latina em São Paulo. Carybé estudou no Rio de Janeiro e Nova York e teve sua obra exibida em museus como o Museu Afro-Brasileiro da Bahia.
A atividade interdisciplinar envolveu cinco fases: 1) o professor de educação física ensinou uma atividade; 2) os alunos praticaram e registraram a atividade; 3) a professora de português revisou os registros para correção; 4) verificaram se as regras foram mantidas; 5) os alunos coletaram dados para análise matemática posterior.
Greece is located in Southern Europe and is considered the cradle of Western civilization. It was home to ancient Greek city-states like Athens and Sparta and was a center of philosophy, drama, and scientific principles in ancient times. After periods of rule by other powers like Rome and the Ottoman Empire, Greece gained independence in the 19th century. Some of Greece's major cities include Athens, the capital, Thessaloniki, and cities on the island of Crete. Greece is known for its mountains, islands, and Greek cuisine and culture like dances and mythology.
The document discusses the Classical period in world history, which ran from around 1000/800 BCE to 500/600 CE. Some key developments during this period included the formation and expansion of major civilizations like China, India, Persia, and the Mediterranean. These classical civilizations established population centers with tens of millions of people, utilized iron technology, and had more contacts with each other than earlier river valley societies through entities like the Phoenicians. The classical period thus saw the emergence of larger, more interconnected civilizations that built upon earlier achievements.
The document provides an overview of Chinese history from the Later Zhou dynasty to the Han dynasty. It discusses the philosophical teachings of Confucius that emphasized moral rectitude and education. It then describes the unification of China under the Qin dynasty and the emperor Qin Shi Huang. Finally, it outlines the establishment of the Han dynasty, including the dominance of Confucianism, the role of the scholar-gentry class, and the development of cities, commerce, arts, and sciences.
The document summarizes the history of India from the Age of Brahmin Dominance to the Gupta Empire. It describes the rise of Brahmin power in early India and the development of the caste system. It then discusses the era of social change and religious ferment, including the rise of Buddhism under Ashoka during the Mauryan Empire. Finally, it outlines the Gupta Empire's Hindu renaissance and recovery of Brahmin influence, before its decline in the 5th century CE.
The Etruscans originated from modern-day Turkey and immigrated to Italy in 1200 BCE, settling in the region of Etruria. They had a significant influence on early Roman culture and society. The Etruscans transformed Rome from a village into a well-designed city with sewer systems and organized the cities into independent states ruled by kings. They introduced gladiator fights, religious beliefs involving demons, and advanced urban planning concepts to the Romans. Their culture had a more equal view of gender relations compared to the Greeks.
The document provides discussion questions about the Byzantine Empire, including the regions it influenced, groups that attacked it, knowledge it preserved, and continuities with the Roman Empire. It also compares Orthodox and Catholic Christianity. Additional prompts guide essays on how two empires used religion to govern and how political transformations impacted Mediterranean cultures from 200-1000CE. Further questions compare the Byzantine Empire politically to Tang/Song China and the Islamic Umayyad and Abbasid empires, as well as their cultures from the 8th to 12th centuries.
The document provides an overview of key concepts from the First Feudal Age (300-1000 AD) in Europe. It summarizes the rise of the Byzantine Empire after the fall of Rome, the founding and spread of Islam, and the establishment of feudal systems and manorialism across Europe. Feudalism involved lords providing military protection to vassals in exchange for service and taxes. Manorialism formed the economic foundation, with serfs bound to manors and obligated to pay taxes to lords. Daily life for peasants on manors revolved around agriculture, village communities, and the church.
This presentation is done by Cherisse Adlawan as one of her projects on ITALIAN REGIONS in her Italian 10 class (AY 2013-2014) at the University of the Philippines under Prof. Emanuela Adesini.
The document provides an overview of Greek and Hellenistic history and culture from 550 BCE to the 4th century BCE. It summarizes the rise of the Persian Empire and the political development of the Greek city-states. It then discusses the conquests of Philip II and Alexander the Great that spread Greek rule and culture across the Mediterranean world and Near East, forming the Hellenistic period. The document also outlines creativity in religion, philosophy, science, literature and the arts during these eras as well as social and economic patterns, including the roles of aristocracy, merchants, slaves, and gender divisions.
- Ancient Egypt encompassed around 10,000 square miles along the fertile Nile river valley, which was much narrower than neighboring Mesopotamia.
- Egyptian civilization was already highly distinctive by the time of unification around 3000 BC under King Menes, with a theocratic government and religion centered around the pharaoh.
- Key aspects of early Egyptian civilization included its centralized administration, highly skilled art and architecture like the pyramids, and its solar calendar and belief in an afterlife that gave Egyptian culture great stability and continuity.
The document summarizes the history of ancient Rome from 753 BC to AD 476. It describes Rome's transition from kingdom to republic as it expanded across the Italian peninsula and dominated the Mediterranean. This was followed by the establishment of the Roman Empire under Augustus Caesar after the civil wars weakened the republic. The empire reached its greatest extent in the 2nd century AD but gradually declined as the frontier was breached by invasions and the economy was disrupted. By the 5th century, the western half of the empire had fractured into smaller barbarian kingdoms.
What is culture?
Where did western culture come from?
How is it different from Chinese culture?
How should I deal with these differences at work?
See more on www.randomwire.com
I. The document discusses upheavals in Eastern and Southern Asia including the decline of the Han dynasty in China and the Gupta dynasty in India.
II. It also covers the decline and fall of the Roman Empire from the 2nd century CE due to challenges such as declining population and tax revenues.
III. The development and spread of major world religions such as Christianity and Buddhism are examined. Christianity gained prominence in the Roman Empire after Constantine's conversion in the 4th century CE.
The Romans connected the Mediterranean world through military conquest and cultural assimilation between 752 BCE to 284 CE. They established a republic that expanded through the Punic Wars against Carthage. Dissatisfaction with the republic led to civil war and the rise of the Roman Empire under Augustus, who brought stability through the Pax Romana. The empire reached its peak between the 1st and 2nd centuries CE, but later faced challenges from within such as economic problems and invasions by Germanic tribes. Christianity also grew within the empire despite early persecution. By 284 CE, the empire was divided and entering a period of disarray.
Rome was an important civilization that served as a political model for later European states. It had a long history, beginning as a monarchy and evolving into a republic and then empire. Rome expanded greatly through military conquests across the Mediterranean region and Western Europe over centuries. Its culture was influenced by those of earlier civilizations like Greece but Rome also made many contributions to architecture, law, and other areas that still influence Western society today.
The document provides an overview of the Early Middle Ages in Europe, focusing on the Byzantine Empire and Germanic Kingdoms. It can be summarized as follows:
1) The Byzantine Empire emerged from the eastern half of the Roman Empire after the fall of Rome in 476 AD. It survived for over 1000 years with its capital in Constantinople, becoming a center of culture and learning.
2) Various Germanic tribes invaded the western Roman Empire between the 3rd-5th centuries, establishing kingdoms like the Franks and Visigoths. Charlemagne later united much of Western Europe under the Carolingian Empire in the 8th century.
3) The Slavs also migrated during
This document contains a group project report on ancient Greece. It includes research on Greece's history from the Bronze Age to modern times. Key events and eras are summarized such as the Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations, Ancient Greece and the influence of Greek culture. The report also outlines a script for a play about the Trojan War, detailing the main characters and scenes from the golden apple judgement to the fall of Troy.
The document provides an overview of life in medieval Europe between the 5th and 15th centuries. It describes this era as complex and vibrant, not a "dark age" as previously portrayed. Key developments included the rise of the Catholic Church as the most powerful institution, the expansion of Islam and its contributions to science, and the Crusades launched by the Church. Architecture like Romanesque and Gothic cathedrals expressed religious devotion, while feudal systems and growing trade in cities began transforming rural economies and societies. An outbreak of plague in the 14th century killed around 30% of Europe's population and helped usher in the Renaissance.
The Byzantine Empire prospered as a blending of Greek, Roman, Christian, and other cultures while the Western Roman Empire declined. Christianity was influential but divisions grew between the Orthodox Byzantine church and Catholic Roman church, resulting in a schism in 1054. The Hagia Sophia was completed in just six years and served as a church, mosque, and now museum, showcasing the Byzantine blend of architectural styles. For over 1000 years the Byzantines advanced culture through preserving classical knowledge, iconography, mosaics, and blending architectural influences.
Carybé foi um pintor argentino que se mudou para o Brasil e se estabeleceu na Bahia, onde se tornou conhecido por suas pinturas retratando as tradições, crenças e costumes do povo baiano, especialmente do candomblé. Ele produziu cerca de 5.000 obras ao longo de sua vida e foi muito respeitado por sua representação fiel da cultura baiana.
Carybé foi um artista argentino que se estabeleceu na Bahia e produziu mais de 5 mil obras celebrando a cultura afro-brasileira. Ele é conhecido por seus painéis e esculturas representando os orixás do candomblé e por murais em locais como o Memorial da América Latina em São Paulo. Carybé estudou no Rio de Janeiro e Nova York e teve sua obra exibida em museus como o Museu Afro-Brasileiro da Bahia.
A atividade interdisciplinar envolveu cinco fases: 1) o professor de educação física ensinou uma atividade; 2) os alunos praticaram e registraram a atividade; 3) a professora de português revisou os registros para correção; 4) verificaram se as regras foram mantidas; 5) os alunos coletaram dados para análise matemática posterior.
This document is a slide set from the 17th edition of the Norton Media Library for Chapter 14 of Western Civilizations. It covers religion, warfare, and sovereignty in Europe between 1540-1660. The slide set includes images and maps related to key figures and events during this period such as Charles V, Henry IV of France, the Dutch Revolt, Elizabeth I, the Thirty Years' War, the English Civil War and execution of Charles I, and Oliver Cromwell. It also features art from this era by artists like Bernini, El Greco, Velázquez, and Bruegel.
This document is a chapter from the 17th edition of the Norton Media Library textbook "Western Civilizations". It contains images and captions related to the chapter on Absolutism and Empire from 1660-1789 in Europe. The chapter discusses the rise of absolute monarchs like Louis XIV of France, conflicts between countries, expansion of colonial empires, and growth of population and trade networks in the Atlantic world during this time period.
A descendencia-do-orisa-130430184042-phpapp01Victor Lopes
O documento analisa a descendência dos Orishas e sua sobrevivência nos rituais de iniciação do Batuque do RS, mostrando que esses rituais podem ter sido fundados por descendentes reais dos Orishas, com base nas informações fornecidas por um babalawô reconhecido.
O documento descreve um projeto educacional sobre a cultura africana realizado com alunos do ensino fundamental. O projeto apresenta os princípios do Ifá, sistema de adivinhação da religião iorubá, incluindo os Orixás, os Odus e como Ifá comanda o destino dos humanos. O documento também fornece exemplos de histórias dos 16 principais Odus no estilo de "blocos de sentido" e pede aos alunos que criem uma história para um 17o Odu.
Introduction to Candomble & Orixas
Candomble is an afrobrazilean religion working with Orixas, forces of Nature.
Religion, community, music, structure. Axe.
O documento descreve as qualidades dos orixás Xangô, Obá e Ewá, fornecendo detalhes sobre suas cores, atributos e origens mitológicas. As qualidades de Xangô incluem Afonjá, Alufan, Agogo e Jacutá. Obá tem as qualidades Obá Gideo e Obá Rewá. A única qualidade de Ewá mencionada é Ewá Gebeuyin.
Este documento resume las teorías de Hegel y Gadamer sobre la evolución del arte clásico al moderno. Explica que Hegel ve el arte clásico como un equilibrio entre materia y espíritu, mientras que el arte moderno tiene un exceso de conciencia. Gadamer amplía esta idea explicando la transición entre la espontaneidad de los antiguos y la subjetividad de los modernos. El documento también discute el arte como juego, símbolo y fiesta según Gadamer.
O documento descreve vários orixás da religião candomblé, incluindo Esú, o senhor dos caminhos; Ogun, o orixá da guerra; e Nanã, a orixá da água e juíza. Também fornece informações sobre seus arquétipos e lendas associadas.
75363296 apostila-de-conhecimentos-de-candomble-um-130211132255-phpapp011-140...Silva Da Silva
O documento fornece instruções sobre como realizar diferentes ebós (oferendas) no Candomblé, incluindo Ebó Iku para afastar a morte, Ebó Egum para afastar espíritos sofredores e um Ebó Branco genérico. Detalha os materiais necessários, a sequência de passos e cantigas para cada ebó.
Este documento contém 10 orins (cânticos sagrados) dedicados a Obatalá, o orixá da criação e da paz. As orins celebram Obatalá como o pai e criador de toda a humanidade, enfatizando sua importância e pedindo suas bênçãos.
O documento lista as folhas litúrgicas utilizadas no Candomblé para cada orixá, incluindo Èsù, Ògún, Odé, Akoko, Òsánỵín, Sòngó, Oyá, Òsún, Yemonjà, Òbàlúwàiyé, Nàná, Òòsààlà e as ervas comuns a todos os orixás.
Obàtálá, o Òrìsà da criação, foi encarregado por Olódùmarè de criar o mundo com seu poder de sugerir e realizar. O mito da criação do mundo pelo Òrìsà Obàtálá é fundamental na religião ioruba e será resgatado neste trabalho através da reconstrução do poema sagrado Òrìsà Dídá Ayé.
76984106 orunko-nomes-dados-aos-filhos-de-santo-ademola-adesojiFulano Tal
A empresa de tecnologia anunciou um novo smartphone com câmera aprimorada, maior tela e melhor desempenho. O dispositivo também possui um preço mais acessível em comparação aos modelos anteriores para atrair mais consumidores. O lançamento ocorrerá no próximo mês e a empresa espera que o novo smartphone ajude a aumentar suas vendas e participação no mercado.
O documento é uma oração dirigida aos ancestrais e orixás, pedindo sua proteção e bênçãos. Contém vários pedidos de proteção contra perigos específicos e saudações a diferentes entidades espirituais associadas com a natureza, dias da semana e outros aspectos da vida e cultura.
1) Otin Lagbé é o orixá da caça e esposa de Odé. Ela amava carne e era chamada de "gorda".
2) A montagem do igba de Otin inclui ofás, búzios, chifres de boi e uma lança dourada com ponta de seta.
3) Seus principais ébós envolvem encantar pássaros e realizar sacrifícios de animais no interior da mata.
This chapter summarizes early societies in West Asia and North Africa from prehistory to around 500 BCE. It describes the emergence of complex societies like the Sumerian city-states in Mesopotamia, including innovations like writing. It then discusses the spread of Sumerian culture through empires like Akkadia, as well as other influential societies such as the early Egyptians, Hittites, Israelites, and Phoenicians. The chapter also examines northeast African kingdoms like Kush and Meroë that developed cultural connections with Egypt.
This document provides an overview of early civilizations in four sections:
1) Mesopotamian civilization emerged by 3000 BCE in cities along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, with complex social structures and writing developed by the Sumerians.
2) Ancient Egyptian civilization also emerged by 3200 BCE, centered around the pharaoh and bureaucracy rather than city-states. They developed hieroglyphic writing and religion.
3) Egypt and Mesopotamia had both similarities like stratified societies and differences like Egypt's centralized government versus Mesopotamian city-states.
4) Other early civilization centers included Kush in Africa, and the Minoans, Phoenicians, and
The Egyptian civilization developed along the Nile River valley over 6,000 years. Key periods included the Early Dynastic Period, Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, New Kingdom, and Late Period. Egyptian society was governed by pharaohs and centered around agriculture along the Nile. They made advances in tools, timekeeping, and developed hieroglyphic writing to preserve their history, religion, and ideas. Egyptian art and architecture included temples, tombs, and pyramids. Their golden ages occurred during the Old and Middle Kingdoms.
This document provides an overview of the origins and early civilizations of the West. It discusses the emergence of anatomically modern humans around 100,000 years ago and the agricultural revolution beginning around 10,000 BC. The first civilizations emerged between 3500-3000 BC in Mesopotamia and Egypt, which likely contained the first cities. Writing developed independently in these two regions between 3500-3100 BC. Sumerian city-states flourished in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC before being united by Sargon. Hammurabi later established one of the earliest legal codes. Egyptian civilization was based around the Nile River and invented the concept of deifying kings. Major early civilizations
Chapter 1 Before HistoryPre-human hominids are universally de.docxcravennichole326
Chapter 1: Before History
Pre-human hominids are universally deemed as the ancestors of the human race. Their occurrence is dated to be four to five million years ago, while the human race itself emerged nearly too hundred thousand years ago. Over the years, it has been keenly noted that humans share specific DNA composition with other primates. It is only a slight difference in the genetic makeup and body chemistry that makes humans have more intelligence than these other species, making them more adaptable to their environment and therefore give them a greater ability to control the natural world. This intelligence has seen the humans have greater potential for advanced and sophisticated social-cultural abilities that other species cannot measure up to. These unique and advanced abilities possessed by humans include well devised tools, technologies cooperation and communication skills.
The Paleolithic society, which is commonly known as the Old Stone Age is the longest era in the history of the human race on the planet. It is majorly characterized with hunting and gathering. It existed long before ancient agriculture emerged, and therefore it lived on looking for edible stuff from the wild life, both edible fruits and animal, hence their hunting and gathering lifestyle. Theirs was a completely liberal life, as there was nobody’s possession ever. No wealth, no private property. One very outstanding characteristic of this early man is the ability to communicate. There was a well-structured and powerful language that enabled them to communicate very important messages. For this reason, it was possible to pass information and knowledge to the next generation. The new generations would thus improve the knowledge and as it accumulated over the years, humans were able to give a good take on the various aspect of life they live. One common link between generation and creativity is the early cave paintings. This ability to communicate abstractly is the major skill that humans have banked on in realizing their present control over the natural world.
The Neolithic or the New Stone Age era proceeded the Paleolithic. It marks the transition from the hunting and gathering lifestyle of the Old Stone Age into a more civilized agricultural society. Human in this era lived in distinct communities which domesticated animals and grew crops. This is cited to have been taking place at around 9000 B.C.E. They lived together and their population grew over time. Unlike in the Old Stone Age, there was the aspect of ownership of property, hence personal wealth. The ownership of land was the major one, and it dictated the owner’s economic and political power. There were hierarchies of authority in aspects such as religion and government, a clear indication of an organized and civilized society. Just like the Old Stone Age, the New Stone Age gave interest in fertility as an important feature of their religion.
Later, within a period of four thousand years, the agricul ...
Civilizations first emerged along major river valleys, including in Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus Valley, and China. In Mesopotamia, the Sumerians established the world's first empire and city-states, developing new technologies like bronze and influencing later cultures. Egypt saw the rise of powerful pharaohs and construction of pyramids under the Old Kingdom, as well as the development of Egyptian religion, social structure, and technology. Along the Indus River, the Indus Valley civilization constructed well-planned cities and established one of the world's earliest writing systems. China's Shang and Zhou dynasties were influenced by geography and established family, religious beliefs, and ideographic
This document provides a chapter-by-chapter summary of the textbook "The Earth and Its Peoples: A Global History, 4th Edition". It covers 31 chapters organized into 8 sections that chronicle the emergence and interactions of human societies from prehistory to the present. Each chapter overview includes section titles, time periods covered, comparative perspectives, and topics related to diversity, environment/technology, and key issues in world history.
Ancient Egypt was a civilization along the lower Nile River that lasted from around 3150 BC to 30 BC. It began as independent kingdoms that eventually were united and experienced stable periods under powerful rulers, such as the Old Kingdom and New Kingdom. The civilization was able to thrive due to stable agriculture supported by annual Nile River floods. Ancient Egyptian architecture featured post and lintel construction with columns decorated to resemble plants. The major religion was polytheistic and centered around gods controlling nature and important myths like that of Osiris and Isis. Egyptians had an elaborate concept of the afterlife involving mummification and tombs to preserve the soul.
Introduces students to the use and interpretation of timelines. Then defines primary and secondary sources and tasks students through a source identification task.
Cloze sheets have been included for lower ability students and could be printed out as individual slides
Chapter 1 Before HistoryThe emergence of the human race is pre.docxtidwellveronique
The document provides an overview of early human history from 4-5 million years ago to the emergence of early civilizations. It discusses the emergence of homo sapiens around 200,000 years ago and the development of tools, language, and cooperation that distinguished humans from other primates. It then describes the Paleolithic era as the earliest and longest period of human prehistory characterized by nomadic hunting and gathering societies. The Neolithic era saw the transition to settled agricultural societies and the beginning of urbanization around 4000 BCE. Early civilizations developed along major rivers in different regions, including Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus River valley, and along the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers in East Asia. Key
This chapter discusses the expansion of Greek civilization from 2000-30 BCE. It covers the rise of Greek city-states like Athens and Sparta, the Persian Wars, and the empire of Alexander the Great, which spread Greek culture throughout Western Asia and Egypt. The chapter also examines Greek achievements in art, philosophy, drama, and the influence of Greek culture during the Hellenistic period after Alexander's death.
This lecture provides an overview of early Mesopotamian civilization between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. It discusses the geography and climate of the region, known as the Fertile Crescent, which allowed for the development of irrigation-based agriculture and urban settlements. Sumerians were the first to settle the region around 5000 BC, developing dams, canals and cities like Uruk and Ur. Writing and other innovations emerged as cities grew in size and complexity between 3500-3000 BC. Social classes and kingship developed, with temples becoming important religious and administrative centers marked by ziggurats.
- History is the science that collects, relates and interprets knowledge about humans from their origins to the present. It aims to explain past events by understanding causes and consequences.
- The earliest human ancestors lived in Africa around 7 million years ago. Early humans began making stone tools around 2 million years ago and modern humans spread worldwide by around 100,000 years ago.
- The development of farming and permanent settlements during the Neolithic Revolution beginning around 9000 BC led to the rise of early civilizations in places like Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley, Egypt, and others.
This document provides an overview of world history from 500 BCE to 500 CE, referred to as the period of second-wave civilizations. It discusses how after the collapse of early civilizations, new urban societies emerged across Afro-Eurasia, continuing the global spread of civilization. While states and empires rose and fell regularly, the basic social hierarchies and lack of economic transformation meant fundamental human organizations did not change substantially during this era. The document examines both continuities like monarchical rule and growing populations, as well as some significant developments such as larger empires and new major cultural traditions.
The.britannica.guide.to.ancient.egypt,.from.prehistory.to.the.islamic.conquestأحمد عبد القادر
This document provides an introduction to ancient Egyptian civilization. It summarizes that Egypt originated along the fertile Nile River valley, which was divided into Upper and Lower Egypt. It was unified around 3100 BC under King Menes. Key aspects of ancient Egyptian society discussed include the pharaohs and god-kings, important rulers like Hatshepsut and Tutankhamen, the role of religion and belief in an afterlife, hieroglyphic writing and the importance of literacy, and large construction projects including pyramids and temples built of stone. Overall, the introduction outlines some of the major elements that defined ancient Egyptian civilization over three millennia.
His 121 chapter 1 outline e companion (5)David Harbin
This document provides an outline for a chapter that will discuss the history of various peoples from around the world prior to 1500 CE. It is divided into multiple sections that will cover: the Cherokee creation myth; early cultures that developed in North America, Mesoamerica, South America, Africa, and Europe; transformations that occurred in Europe between 1400-1600 CE; European exploration and encounters with Native Americans beginning in 1420 CE; and the effects of contact between different populations from across the Atlantic. The conclusion notes that while differences existed, many groups in the Americas had organized societies by 1450 CE, setting the stage for both cultural sharing and conflicts upon meeting Europeans and Africans.
His 121 chapter 1 outline e companion (5)David Harbin
This document provides an outline for a chapter that will discuss the history of various peoples from around the world prior to significant contact between Europeans, Native Americans, and Africans in the Americas. The outline is divided into multiple sections that will cover: the Cherokee creation myth; early North American, Mesoamerican, South American, West African, and traditional European cultures prior to 1500; transformations within Europe from 1400-1600 including the rise of nation-states, Renaissance, and Reformation; European exploration led by the Portuguese, Columbus, Spanish conquistadors, and others from 1420-1600; and the effects of contact between native, African, and European peoples including disease epidemics, the slave trade, and cultural
The document discusses the 10 oldest civilizations in the world. It begins by defining civilization as an advanced stage of social development and organization reached by a society. It then lists the civilizations chronologically from oldest to most recent. The three oldest are the Mesopotamian civilization, Indus Valley civilization, and Ancient Egyptian civilization. It provides brief descriptions of each civilization's origins, locations, and some key aspects of their cultures and achievements.
The document provides a summary of the top 10 civilizations of the world. It describes each civilization's name, time period, original and current locations, and major highlights. The civilizations summarized are the Incan, Aztec, Roman, Persian, Ancient Greek, Chinese, Mayan, Ancient Egyptian, Indus Valley, and Mesopotamian civilizations. For each civilization there are 2-4 bullet points describing key aspects of the civilization such as important rulers, locations of power, cultural achievements, and factors in their decline.
This document provides a history of Western civilization, beginning with its origins in the Middle East around 9000 BCE as humans transitioned to agricultural societies. It then traces the development and influence of classical Greek, Roman, and early Christian civilizations on the foundations of Western thought, including democracy, intellectual inquiry, law, and Christianity. The document outlines major historical periods and events in Western history from antiquity through the modern era, including the fall of Rome, medieval era, Renaissance, Reformation, industrial revolution, world wars, and Cold War. It discusses the global spread and influence of Western empires and culture.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024Neo4j
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdfMalak Abu Hammad
Discover how MongoDB Atlas and vector search technology can revolutionize your application's search capabilities. This comprehensive presentation covers:
* What is Vector Search?
* Importance and benefits of vector search
* Practical use cases across various industries
* Step-by-step implementation guide
* Live demos with code snippets
* Enhancing LLM capabilities with vector search
* Best practices and optimization strategies
Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
2. I. The Concept of Western Civilization
A. Defining Western Civilization
1. Civilization and Simpler Ways of Life
2. Civilization and Geography
3. Ideas and Customs
3. I. The Concept of Western Civilization
A. Defining Western Civilization (cont.)
4. Social Hierarchies and Status
5. Western Civilization and Cultural Interaction
B. The Societies of Early Western Civilization
1. Mesopotamia
2. Egypt
3. Anatolia
4. II. Mesopotamia, Home of the First
Civilization, 4000–1000 B.C.E.
A. The Emergence of Cities, 4000–2350 B.C.E.
1. The Cities of Sumer
2. Kings in Sumer
3. Slaves in Sumer
4. The Invention of Writing
5. II. Mesopotamia, Home of the First
Civilization, 4000–1000 B.C.E.
A. The Emergence of Cities, 4000–2350 B.C.E. (cont.)
5. Mesopotamian Myths and Religion
6.
7.
8. II. Mesopotamia, Home of the First
Civilization, 4000–1000 B.C.E.
B. Metals and Empire-Making: The Akkadians and the Ur
Dynasty, c. 2350–c. 2000
1. Sargon and Akkadian Empire
2. The Spread of Sumerian Culture
3. The Fall of the Akkadians, c. 2200 B.C.E.
4. Ur III Rulers and Political Instability, 2112–2004 B.C.E.
9.
10. II. Mesopotamia, Home of the First
Civilization, 4000–1000 B.C.E.
C. The Achievements of the Assyrians, Babylonians, and
Canaanites, 2000–1000 B.C.E.
1. The Assyrians and Long-Distance Commerce
2. Hammurabi of Babylon and Written Law
3. Mesopotamian City Life and Learning
4. Canaanites, Commerce, and the Alphabet
11.
12. III. Egypt, the First Unified Country,
3050–1000 B.C.E.
A. From the Unification of Egypt to the Old Kingdom,
3050–2190 B.C.E.
1. King Narmer (Menes), the Unification of Upper and
Lower Egypt, and the Old Kingdom
2. Egyptian Agriculture and Demographics
3. Religion and the Authority of the King
13. III. Egypt, the First Unified Country,
3050–1000 B.C.E.
A. From the Unification of Egypt to the Old Kingdom,
3050–2190 B.C.E. (cont.)
4. Pyramids and the Afterlife
5. Hierarchy and Order in Egyptian Society
14.
15.
16.
17. III. Egypt, the First Unified Country,
3050–1000 B.C.E.
B. The Middle and New Kingdoms in Egypt, 2061–1081
B.C.E.
1. The Middle Kingdom
2. From Hyksos Rule to the New Kingdom
3. Warrior Pharaohs
18.
19. III. Egypt, the First Unified Country,
3050–1000 B.C.E.
B. The Middle and New Kingdoms in Egypt, 2061–1081
B.C.E.
4. Religious Tradition and Upheaval
5. Life and Belief in the New Kingdom
20. IV. The Hittites, Minoans, and
Mycenaeans, 2200–1000 B.C.E.
A. The Hittites, 1750–1200 B.C.E.
1. Hittite Origins, Language, and Religion
2. Building the Hittite Kingdom
21.
22. IV. The Hittites, Minoans, and
Mycenaeans, 2200–1000 B.C.E.
B. The Minoans, 2200–1400 B.C.E.
1. Palace Society on Crete
2. Mediterranean Polyculture
3. The Interdependent Minoan Economy
23. III. The Hittites, Minoans, and
Mycenaeans, 2200–1000 B.C.E.
C. The Mycenaeans, 1800–1000 B.C.E.
1. Mycenaean Commerce and Culture
2. Mycenaean Interaction with Minoan Crete
3. Mycenaean Control of Crete
4. War in Mycenaean Society
24. III. The Hittites, Minoans, and
Mycenaeans, 2200–1000 B.C.E.
D. The Violent End to Early Western Civilization, 1200–
1000 B.C.E.
1. The Sea Peoples and Upheavals in the Eastern
Mediterranean
2. Conflicts and the Weakening of Mycenaean Civilization
Editor's Notes
I. The Concept of Western CivilizationA. Defining Western Civilization1. Civilization and Simpler Ways of Life — Traditional historical definitions focus on urbanized communities, central authority, and complex social organizations of labor, trade, and religion. Civilization can be productive of prosperity and complexity, but some historians contest its effect on quality of life and equality, and the role of civilization in generating or increasing conflict.2. Civilization and Geography — The geographic notion of the West is Greek in origin (place where the sun sets), but the issue of definition always struggles with where to draw a line between East and West. Example: Modern Turkey was part of the Roman Empire, but in the twenty-first century, its “Westernness” and fitness to join the EU is much debated.3. Ideas and Customs — It is difficult to define what ideas and customs make up the culture of a civilization. The notion that cultures vary, and that some are superior to others because of particular customs or practices, is ancient. Over time Western civilization has included a wide range of cultural variation. Example: Polytheism was widely practiced in the ancient West (Mesopotamia, Egypt), but the idea of monotheism also has Western (Jewish) roots in a later era.
I. The Concept of Western CivilizationA. Defining Western Civilization (cont.)4. Social Hierarchies and Status — All known civilizations have established some kind of social hierarchy. Some practices, like metalworking, led to increased social differentiation as the acquisition of metals allowed individuals to display visible differences in social status. 5. Western Civilization and Cultural Interaction — Ultimately, the West is and was a story about the interaction over time of a range of cultures, including both tremendous variations within the West and with nonwestern cultures. The West can only be understood by studying the history of these interactions.B. The Societies of Early Western Civilization1. Mesopotamia — The first cities developed among the Sumerians in Mesopotamia (modern day Iraq/Iran/Middle East) by 4000–3000 B.C.E.2. Egypt — Civilization emerged along the Nile River around 3050 B.C.E. 3. Anatolia — By about 2000–1900 B.C.E., civilization appeared in Anatolia, Crete, and other islands in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, as well as Greece. All of these peoples learned from and built on the civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt.
II. Mesopotamia, Home of the First Civilization, 4000–1000 B.C.E. A. The Emergence of Cities, 4000–2350 B.C.E. 1. The Cities of Sumer — The need to irrigate the fertile but dry plains around the Euphrates and Tigris rivers produced centralized political authority and organized cities led by kings, who also controlled the surrounding regions. By 3000B.C.E., the Sumerians established twelve independent city-states, each of which expanded to 20,000 residents or more by 2500. City-states were fiercely separate and fought each other over land and resources. Cities were similar in layout, crowded, walled, and dominated by large temples (ziggurats). City-states were prosperous from agriculture and trade but unhealthy because of poor sanitation. 2. Kings in Sumer — Kings ruled with councils, and came from royal families at the top of the social hierarchy. Kings (not queens) were responsible for ensuring justice, developing laws, keeping order, and waging war, and in return they extracted taxes from the people. They lived in great palaces and enjoyed wealth, luxury, and the power of life and death over their servants.3. Slaves in Sumer — Slaves were at the bottom of the social hierarchy. They could be owned by gods (through temple officials) or individuals. People became slaves by being captured in war, being sold into slavery, or being born to slave parents. 4. The Invention of Writing —Developed in 3500 B.C.E. to track more complex economic transactions, writing evolved from pictographs that symbolized specific objects to mixed pictographs and phonetic symbols. Fully developed Sumerian cuneiform was made up of wedge marks pressed into clay tablets to record spoken language; it was only understood or used by elite scribes. Writing soon expanded to recording stories, beliefs, oral traditions, poetry, and literature.
II. Mesopotamia, Home of the First Civilization, 4000–1000 B.C.E. A. The Emergence of Cities, 4000–2350 B.C.E. (cont.)5. Mesopotamian Myths and Religion — Writing supported civilization by recording and passing down myths about the gods or origins, and written religious teachings that emphasized communal religious responsibilities and divinely ordained hierarchy. Myths and religion taught that the gods, their power, and human well-being were closely connected. The Epic of Gilgamesh, a long poem, tells the story of a hero-king of the city Uruk, his efforts to control his people and build a city, his struggles with and then alliance with a divinely created rival, Enkidu, and their conflicts with monsters and the gods. The story emphasizes the human desire for fame, power, and accomplishment, but also the vulnerability of humans in the face of the gods. Mesopotamian culture honored priestly divination, the ritual process for discovering the will of the gods and earning their favor.
II. Mesopotamia, Home of the First Civilization, 4000–1000 B.C.E. B. Metals and Empire-Making: The Akkadians and the Ur Dynasty, c. 2350–c. 20001. Sargon and Akkadian Empire — Some city-states were especially aggressive. Under King Sargon the city-state of Akkad began to build the first empire around 2350 B.C.E., as they conquered neighboring territory and cities in search of metals. 2. The Spread of Sumerian Culture — These conquests spread Mesopotamian language, art, and literature throughout the Near East; in this way war promoted cultural interaction.3. The Fall of the Akkadians, c. 2200 B.C.E. — Civil war and an attack from the Gutian “hill people” overthrew the Akkadian Empire around 2200 B.C.E.4. Ur III Rulers and Political Instability, 2112–2004 B.C.E. — Leaders of the Ur III dynasty seized power in Sumer in 2112 B.C.E. and created a centralized economy and system of laws under kings who claimed to be divine. Civil war again weakened the empire and external Amorite marauders caused its collapse after only about a century of rule.
II. Mesopotamia, Home of the First Civilization, 4000–1000 B.C.E. (cont.) C. The Achievements of the Assyrians, Babylonians, and Canaanites, 2000–1000 B.C.E. 1. The Assyrians and Long-Distance Commerce —Western civilization advanced even during a period of long-term economic instability caused by climate change and agricultural pollution. Assyrians, inhabiting an independent kingdom in northern Mesopotamia, pioneered long-distance trade by private entrepreneurs. They conveyed Anatolian products such as wood, copper, and gold throughout Mesopotamia. Privately funded donkey caravans conveyed goods over long distances, and when successful, yielded high returns for investors. Royal regulators settled complaints and supported trade.2. Hammurabi of Babylon and Written Law — Written laws helped Mesopotamian city-states maintain order, especially as commerce and trade expanded. Kings had a sacred duty to maintain order, and the Babylonia king Hammurabi (1792–1750 B.C.E.) established a famous code of laws based on earlier Mesopotamian legal traditions. Hammurabi’s code sought to maintain “truth and equity,” and gave new attention to supporting less powerful members of society. The code included severe penalties for property crimes and offered some limited legal rights to women. The organizing principle of the code was “equivalent justice.”3.Mesopotamian City Life and Learning — Mesopotamian cities included many taverns and wine shops as well as some parks. Public health was a problem because of contaminated drinking water. Intellectual life was stimulated by the close proximity of so many, and tremendous advances in mathematics and astronomy had enduring consequences.4. Canaanites, Commerce, and the Alphabet — Canaanite populations expanded as merchants from many lands were absorbed into the population. A diversity of population and practices led to innovation, especially in business. One important consequence was the emergence of an alphabet where letters stood for sounds, a system that became the basis of Greek and Roman alphabets.
III. Egypt, the First Unified Country, 3050–1000 B.C.E. A. From the Unification of Egypt to the Old Kingdom, 3050–2190 B.C.E. 1. King Narmer (Menes), the Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, and the Old Kingdom — Around 5000–4000 B.C.E., climate change forced people to migrate out of the Sahara region and eventually settle along the Nile River. By 3050 B.C.E., King Narmer united the upper and lower regions of Egypt into a large political state. By 2687 B.C.E., Egyptian kings “of the two lands” established a strong centralized state, referred to as the Old Kingdom by scholars, which had few cities but was a united country.2. Egyptian Agriculture and Demographics — A narrow strip some 700 miles long of rich farmland along the Nile River was at the heart of the Old Kingdom, with flanking deserts containing valuable metals that protected Egypt from invasion. Melting snow swelled the Nile predictably several times a year, enriching the soil and nourishing animals. All of this supported rapid population growth.3. Religion and the Authority of the King — Egyptian kings who successfully fulfilled religious obligations and maintained order were believed to keep the country powerful and rich, while other kings struggled to preserve stability. Egyptians saw their monarchs as helpful divinities in human form, who lived ordered and stable lives and ensured stability and prosperity by acting justly and thereby guaranteeing the regular flooding of the Nile. Egyptian polytheism may have had a more benign understanding of the gods because of Egyptian environmental advantages.
III. Egypt, the First Unified Country, 3050–1000 B.C.E.A. From the Unification of Egypt to the Old Kingdom, 3050–2190 B.C.E. (cont.)4. Pyramids and the Afterlife — Large building programs directed by Egyptian monarchs demonstrated piety and power. Tombs for the kings were enormous pyramids: centerpieces for networks of temples and halls for religious ceremonies. Old Kingdom rulers spent vast resources on tombs and pyramids in order to proclaim their divine status, and their burial rituals and preparation of mummified remains testified to Egyptian belief in an afterlife. 5. Hierarchy and Order in Egyptian Society — Egyptian society valued stability and order and was strongly hierarchical. Kings and queens came first, followed by priests, royal administrators, and army commanders. Free commoners worked the land and served the state as laborers on building projects. Slaves taken captive in war served in small numbers, and the army was largely a mercenary force. Women had relatively equal status to men, although their responsibilities were ordinarily domestic.
1. How does the Great Sphinx indicate a wealthy, powerful society?(Answer: Its impressive size suggests a complex society with the time and resources to spare on a massive building project; this was not necessarily a subsistence society.) 2. What does the creature itself signify, and why would these be important qualities?(Answer: The sphinx symbolizes values that were important to society: the body of a lion symbolizes physical power, while the head of a human symbolizes intelligence. The image of the sphinx was a way to communicate these values to illiterate people.)
III. Egypt, the First Unified Country, 3050–1000 B.C.E.B. The Middle and New Kingdoms in Egypt, 2061–1081 B.C.E. 1. The Middle Kingdom — After a period of disorder and social breakdown (the First Intermediate Period, 2190–2061 B.C.E.), the Egyptians kings of the Middle Kingdom (2061–1665 B.C.E.) restored order, while also expanding their territory to the south and expanding trade and diplomatic contacts with the rest of the Mediterranean region.2. From Hyksos Rule to the New Kingdom — By 1664 B.C.E., aggressive foreign invaders (termed the Hyksos) settled in Egypt and gained control of the state. The Hyksos introduced new technologies such as bronze-making and battlefield chariots, and increased cultural contact between Egypt and other Near Eastern states. After long struggle with the Hyksos, Egyptian rulers based in Thebes reunited the kingdom and founded a series of dynasties called the New Kingdom (1569–1081 B.C.E.).3. Warrior Pharaohs —The New Kingdom rulers, known as pharaohs, built a strong central state and a standing army to ward off invaders, portrayed themselves as warrior gods, and fought campaigns in lands to the south and up and down the eastern Mediterranean coast. They brought wealth and luxury goods to Egypt and built massive stone temples.
1. How would this image potentially have been one of continuity for ancient Egypt?(Answer: Hatshepsut portrays herself as a man, suggesting that she is as capable as a traditional male leader; she also performs the traditional religious duties of a pharaoh in her offerings here.) 2. Why would Hatshepsut have placed this in her personal temple?(Answer: Because the afterlife was so important in ancient Egypt, such an image could have shown the gods her respect for them.)
III. Egypt, the First Unified Country, 3050–1000 B.C.E.B. The Middle and New Kingdoms in Egypt, 2061–1081 B.C.E. (cont.) 4. Religious Tradition and Upheaval — Religion retained its central place in New Kingdom society. Egyptian temples and the cultic practices associated with them were intended to sustain public life. A religious calendar organized festivals and ceremonies. Early New Kingdom pharaohs from Thebes promoted state gods, especially Amun-Re (a combination of Thebes’s patron god and the sun god), so enthusiastically that he became more important than other gods. Despite the emphasis on Amun-Re, the Theban cult did not deny the existence of other gods or the continued importance of their priests. In contrast, the pharaoh Akhenaten (r. 1372–1355), who favored the sun god Aten, proclaimed that all official religion would concentrate solely on worshipping Aten. Akhenaten also claimed exclusive access to Aten, thereby using religion to strengthen his own rule.5. Life and Belief in the New Kingdom —Labor and the annual flood of the Nile was at the center of most Egyptian lives. Fields were worked year round except when the river flooded, during which time many Egyptians worked on the king’s construction projects. Although slavery existed, free workers did most of the labor on royal construction projects. Ordinary Egyptians worshipped many gods, especially those they hoped could protect them in their daily lives. They prepared the dead for the afterlife through the process of mummification. Magicians, herbs, and charms were also an important part of ordinary life, as they were believed to be able to provide aid in romance, curing illness, or promoting eternal salvation.
IV. The Hittites, Minoans, and Mycenaeans, 2200–1000 B.C.E. A. The Hittites, 1750–1200 B.C.E. 1. Hittite Origins, Language, and Religion — By 1750 B.C.E., the Hittites, a migrant tribe from the Caucasus who excelled in war and diplomacy, had conquered the region and become the most powerful people in Anatolia. The Hittites spoke an Indo-European language and worshipped their own gods as well as those of earlier Anatolian peoples. Hittite religion emphasized ritual purity and the role of kings as guardians of a just social order.2. Building the Hittite Kingdom — Hittite expansion, which produced conflict with the Egyptian New Kingdom pharaohs, was facilitated by the aggressive use of armies with chariots and the forging of strong personal alliances. Hittite kings controlled long-distance trade routes, especially for metals, and focused particularly on controlling the lucrative trade between the eastern Mediterranean Sea and Syria.
IV. The Hittites, Minoans, and Mycenaeans, 2200–1000 B.C.E. B. The Minoans, 2200–1400 B.C.E. 1. Palace Society on Crete — By around 2200 B.C.E., Minoans on Crete and nearby islands established sprawling palaces, some five stories high, which housed kings (who also served as priests), servants, and royal officials, as well as the political, economic, and religious administrative offices of the state. The general population clustered around the palaces, with some settlements reaching the size of small cities and serving as focal points for trade with the Egyptians and Hittites.2. Mediterranean Polyculture — The Minoans and others developed Mediterranean polyculture, an agricultural model focused on growing olives, grapes, and grains in a single interrelated agricultural system. This efficient use of labor and space provided a healthy diet, population growth, and the development of an economic surplus.3. The Interdependent Minoan Economy — The economic surplus allowed artisans to specialize and produce goods, such as storage jars, clothes, or lamps, which they traded for food. The Minoan economy thus became increasingly interdependent and focused on internal and external trade.
III. The Hittites, Minoans, and Mycenaeans, 2200–1000 B.C.E.C. The Mycenaeans, 1800–1000 B.C.E. 1. Mycenaean Commerce and Culture — Mycenaean civilizations arose in the Greek Peloponnese around 1800 B.C.E. According to palace records, the Mycenaeans operated under a redistributive economy in which rulers tightly controlled the distribution of goods to the community. The Mycenaeans spoke an Indo-European language, formed independent and competitive communities, relied on the sea for food and trade, and engaged in war to control resources and territory. 2. Mycenaean Interaction with Minoan Crete — Coastal Mycenaean trading relations with Minoan Crete prompted economic and cultural developments, including the construction of Mycenaean palaces. 3. Mycenaean Control of Crete — By about 1400 B.C.E., warlike Mycenaean rulers had come to control Crete, possibly in a war over commerce in the Mediterranean. 4. War in Mycenaean Society — The Mycenaeans were a warrior culture, their most important deities were male gods of war, and wealthy men were all buried with weapons and armor. They also made use of lightweight chariots in battle.
III. The Hittites, Minoans, and Mycenaeans, 2200–1000 B.C.E.D. The Violent End to Early Western Civilization, 1200–1000 B.C.E. 1. The Sea Peoples and Upheavals in the Eastern Mediterranean — The Sea Peoples, a loose coalition of warlike seaborne invaders, many of them probably Greeks, emerged around 1200 B.C.E. and overwhelmed the Hittite kingdoms by devastating its trade and razing its capital city. Egypt also came under sustained attack and was severely weakened; its trade was devastated and its borders reduced.2. Conflicts and the Weakening of Mycenaean Civilization — Mycenaean civilization reached the zenith of its power from 1400–c. 1250 B.C.E., but also came under pressure from the Sea Peoples. Increasingly, resources had to be dedicated to wall building and defense against the Sea Peoples and other Mycenaean powers. Earthquakes also weakened the Mycenaeans, and central authority collapsed.