The document discusses e-waste management issues in Kerala, India. It notes that e-waste generation is increasing globally by 5-10% annually due to rapid changes in technology and affordability of devices. Only 5% of e-waste is recovered. E-waste contains hazardous materials like lead, mercury, and chemicals that can damage health if improperly disposed. In India, 90% of e-waste is handled by the unauthorized sector and most ends up in landfills or being improperly recycled. The Kerala government has partnered with a company to collect e-waste from across the state to scientifically recycle it. Stricter regulations and a national organization are needed to properly manage India's large e-waste volumes.

1. E-Waste Management in Kerala:
Issues and Challenges

2. What is E-Waste ?
E-Waste stands for Electronic Waste.
Any electronic device which cannot be
further used is termed as E-waste.
Devices like computer, computer
peripherals, digital camera, television,
DVD player, mobile phones, CDs etc
which has no further use comes in this
category.

3. Rapid changes in market , instant
availability of devices and ease
affordability of electronic devices
due to its cheap cost has resulted
in the generation of a heap of used
electronics devices- E-waste

4. The US-EPA has estimated a 5 to 10%
increase in the generation of e-waste
each year globally. But the most
alarming factor accompanied with this
fact is that only 5% of this amount is
being recovered

5. According to the study of EPA
(Environmental Protection Agency) duration of
some e-devices,

6. How Hazardous?
Both organic and inorganic types of e-waste
materials are used in the production of E-
wastes. There are many hazardous
components in electronic devices and an
improper disposal of these may leads to
severe issues to human lives.

7. Electronic devices contain more than 1000 different
substances which can be categorized into “hazardous” and
“Non-hazardous” components
Hazardous Components Non-Hazardous Components
Americium Copper
Mercury Germanium:
Sulphur Gold
BFRs Aluminium
Cadmium Iron
Lead Lithium
Hexavalent chromium zinc

8. Some components used in the
production of electronic devices
are very sensitive to the nature,
such as epoxy resins, fibre glass,
PCBs, PVC (polyvinyl chlorides),
thermosetting plastics, lead, tin,
copper, silicon, beryllium, carbon,
iron and aluminium

9. Substance Danger
Lead Kidney problems, problems with reproductive
system and mental and health difficulties to the
children.
Plastics Harm reproductive and immune system.
Chromium
Inhaling Hexavalent chromium or chromium 6 can
damage liver and kidneys and cause bronchial
maladies including asthmatic bronchitis and lung
cancer.
Mercury Affects the central nervous system, kidneys and
immune system. It impairs foetus growth and
harms infants through mother’s milk.
Beryllium Causes lung diseases.
Cadmium Severe pain in the joints and spine. It affects the
kidneys and softens bones.
Acid
Sulphuric and hydrochloric acids are used to
separate metals from circuit boards. Fumes contain
chlorine and sulphur dioxide, which cause
respiratory problems. They are corrosive to the eye
and skin.

10. The impacts of improper disposal
methods are mostly seen in developing
countries like India, Africa and Latin
America. Since they alone produce a
mass quantity of electronic waste and
bear the electronic waste shipping from
the developed countries legally or may be
illegally on the name of second hand
products.

11. In order to reduce the danger due to the
hazardous components in E-Wastes the Three
Rs that can be adopted.
Repair
Reuse
 Repair
 Reuse
 Recycle

12.  The Smart answer to the E-waste Crisis,
Since it increases the duration( life span )
of electronic devices.
 After repairing one can may resale it to the
second hand users.
 Highly effective.
 Low cost maintenance.
 More reliable.
 Echo friendly.
 Economic benefits.
Repair

13.  After repairing one can reuse the electronic
devices.
 Reusing also increases the life span of
electronic
devices.
 By reusing one can save energy.
 Reusing is more echo friendly.
 Reusing decreases the hazardousness
 Effective.
 Financial benefits.
Reuse

14.  Can recollect the raw materials.
 Can provide devices for Reuse.
 Commercial benefits.
 Reduces environmental hazards.
 Echo friendly.
 Reliable.
 Effective.
Recycle

15. E-waste
Management in
India

16. i) “Usability” life span of devices
ii) Obsolescence to electronics gadgets
iii) Reduced recyclability of thrown-away devices
iv) Import of e-waste from other countries.
E-WASTE GENERATION IN INDIA

17. India is a largest e-waste importing country from
different developed countries and also generating
almost 5-9 million tonnes of e-waste domestically.
Millions of tonnes e-wastes are importing to India
from many developed countries in every year

18. Many Western Countries are
under taken lots of actions towards
the crisis arised by the electronic
wastes. There is Free Trade
Agreements (FTAs) or so- called
“Economic Partnership
Agreements” (EPAs) to export e-
waste of developed countries to
the developing countries in
worldwide

19. India’s EXIM (export- import) policy allows
import of the second-hand computers not more
than 10 years old. But mostly the rules are not
considered in action.

20. Dell India is the first computer manufacturer
to ban the export of e-waste to developing
countries in 2009. And they are into
recycling their devices named “closed loop
recycling” and from them they make new
dell product

21. In India the E-wastes reaches in
two sectors
Authorized sector Un-authorized sector

22. In India there are only few authorized
local organisations such as E- Parisara,
Karma etc. But they are not capable to
recycle all e-waste producing and
importing to India.

23. In India 90% of the E-Waste are
Reaching to the unauthorized sector.

27. Unfortunately in India there are only few
recognised organisations! And there is no
such organisation which can recycle whole
this electronic wastes. And this crisis leads
to the land filling and unauthorized
recycling.

28. INCREDIBLE INDIA
In India 75% of peoples are of
villages, who may does not even
stepped to the world of
technology.

29. DIGITAL INDIA
A project by PM Narendra
Modi in order to pursue 100% internet
literacy, to provide at least a smart phone
to every Indian citizen.

30. E-Waste
Management in
Kerala

31. There are few major initiatives that
made by Kerala government to
ensue the proper disposal of
electronic wastes

32. The state government has introduced strict
measures for the safe collection and
disposal of e-waste.
The government order issued has defined
the role of manufacturer, local bodies and
pollution control board (PCB) in safe
disposal of e-waste

33.  In October 30 Government of Kerala had signed up a recycling
company [ Earth scense recycle Pvt Ltd ] to collect and process e-waste
from across the state and they runs a scientific recycling facility at
Hyderabad .
 According to this agreement company will start collecting e-wastes
from government offices, public and private establishments in kerala. And
they will be giving an amount of Rs 5 per kilogram of e-waste
 The project was originated by clean kerala company Ltd , A company
formed by state government to develop integrated waste disposal
mechanisms for local bodies .

34. What We need ?
 We need to strictly keep laws like extended producer
responsibility(EPR).
 An all India authorised organisation which can recycle whole the e-
waste importing to India.
 A small amount of money can be added with electronic devices as
RE-tax(Reuse/Repair/Recycle)
 The reusable devices can be provided to the others for free of cost
in order to enhance Pm Modi’s Digital India Project.
 We must control the import of e-wastes by strict laws.

35. Presented By
Ifadha MV
&
Dr.Abdul Haleem
Department Of Computer Science
Farook College