Research Publication and Ethics

1. Duplicate Publications
(under Research and Publication Ethics)
Presented By:
Priyanka Goel (CoE, Roll No.62200006)
Mohammad Ilyas (CoE, Roll No.62200007)
Mahendra Kumar (CED, Roll No. 62210038)
Shivanchal Mishra (CED, Roll No. 62210039)

2. Table of Contents
Introduction to Publication Ethics
Misconduct in Research and its types
Duplicate Publication
 Definition
 How is it a problem?
 Who can be affected?
 What is not Duplicate Publication?
Do and Don’t for authors
Related Case Studies
Conclusion and References

3. Introduction to Publication Ethics

4.  Publication ethics are rules of conduct to be followed while
publishing results of scientific research or other scholarly work.
 To ensure that the publication process is fair, transparent & free
from bias and research being published is of high quality and meets
established std. for scientific and academic integrity.
Introduction to Publication Ethics

5. Publication Misconduct
When some work is published without
acknowledging the original author by:
 Copying major portion from that source
 Or, By changing minor portion anywhere in that source
Can be done intentionally or unintentionally

6. Types of Publication Misconduct
Fabrication
Falsification
Plagiarism
Duplicate
Submission/
Publication
Salami Slicing
Conflict of
Authorship

7. Duplicate Publication
As per the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE):
“When a published work is published more than once
(in the same or another language) without adequate
acknowledgment of the source/cross-
referencing/justification”.
Duplication Publication refers the act of publishing an
article or a substantial part of it more than once without
proper attribution or justification.

8. Examples of Duplication Publication
It can occurs when-
 (A) Authors present the same findings or data in multiple
publication, either in same or different language.
 (B) They submit the same manuscript to more than one
journal simultaneously.
 (C) Republish their own in a different format or context without
citing the original publication.

9. How is it a problem?
There are several problem with Duplication Publication:
 (A) Waste of source.
 (B) Delayed scientific progress.
 (C) Violates copyrights of the journal.
 (D) Waste of editorial and review resources.
 (E) It amounts to plagiarism.

10. Who can be affected by duplication in
Research publication?
Duplication in research publication can affect
various stakeholder including researcher,
academic institutions, journals, funding
agencies and wider scientific community.

11. Consequences
When it is noticed that there are Duplication occurs in journal
then-
 (A) Loss of credibility of researcher.
 (B) Loss of reputation of academic institutions.
 (C) Loss of credibility of journal.
Finally, the wider scientific community may be affected by
duplicated research, as it can lead to confusion and
inconsistencies in the literature, slowing down the progress of
research in a particular field.

12. What do journal and ethical guidelines
have to say about the issue?

13. Guidelines
 Not to submit papers on studies that have already been
published elsewhere.
 In several journals have policies that require authors to send
copies of older along with the submitted paper if the study
findings & subject overlap.
 In some journal, certain percentage of overlap is permitted.
 Other permitted only few sentence to overlap but without
acknowledgement not accepted.

14. Republication is permitted in the case
of specific article types.

15. These are:
 (I) A complete paper that follow up on a published preliminary
report (Eg. An abstract, Poster or Conference presentation)
 (II) Guidelines prepared by professional societies or govt.
Agencies.
 (III) A paper that substantially re-analysis the study findings or
re-interprets the results for a different audience.
 (IV) Translation of original paper.
 (V) In some fields like physics, authors are allowed to post
their papers in e-print repositories.

16. Guideline (Duplication Publication)
If duplication can’t avoided, use following guideline:
 (I) Obtain permission from copyright holders.
 (II) Get approval from the editor of the journal in which the
paper was first published and editor of the journal in which it
will republished.
 (III) Acknowledge that the paper has been republished in
whole or is based on a previously published paper and
provide the full citation for the primary publication.

17. Do’s & Don’t for authors
 Don’t replicate content from any of your other published
paper.
 Don’t offer preliminary reports about unpublished papers to
the media, companies or other agencies without permission of
the journal.
 Don’t include more than few sentences from older work, also
place the text in quotation marks & cite the source.
 If you have published related papers, provide details of these
papers to the journal editor at the time of submission.

18. Case studies

19. Case Study 1
A paper which was originally published in French language, re-
submitted in another journal in English language.
 Explanation by Author-
 The original paper had been published in French language 20
year ago in ‘non-accessible language’ so he requested to
board to accept the new version of paper in accessible
language (English language)
 Response of the journal-
 They rejected that paper and advised the author to add the
appropriate disclosure with pointer back to the original article.

20. Case Study 2
A author had sent a manuscript in Journal A for publication, In
peer review process it was found that the manuscript had
been already published in Journal B then Journal A asked to
author about this.
 Author’s Answer-
 Author said that he asked to Journal B to withdrawal their
manuscript before sent to this paper in Journal A but they had
not been done.
 Response of the Journal A-
 They rejected the manuscript.

21. After a few week, their publication had been withdrawal from
Journal B but author didn’t give a proper explanation for
withdrawal (Author simply said that they feel he had need to
add more in their work) and re-submit same manuscript.
 Response of Journal A-
 (I)Journal A, checked the manuscript on Journal B website.
 (II) Journal A concerned that there might be copies of the
Journal B version of article in downloaded & saved by reader.
 (III) They rejected that manuscript.

22. Conclusion
 Authors must careful not to attempt duplicate publication.
 These practices are serious violation of copyrights laws and
the integrity of scientific literature.
 It is also viewed as “ violations of authorial integrity”.
 Follow all the research ethics for publication is necessary for
an author.

23. References
 https://publicationethics.org/guidance/Case
 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016147540
6001825
 https://www.elsevier.com/editors/perk/multiple-duplicate-
concurrent-publication-simultaneous-submission

24. Thank You !