Drip irrigation is an efficient irrigation method that saves water and fertilizer. It works by slowly dripping water through a network of valves, pipes, tubing and emitters directly to the root zones of plants. It has numerous advantages like minimizing water loss, promoting healthy plant growth, controlling weeds and reducing pest problems. A drip irrigation system consists of main components like water source, pumping system, distribution system, drip tape, injectors and filtration system. When properly designed and managed, drip irrigation provides higher crop yields with less water and fertilizer compared to other irrigation methods.

1. Prepared by:
ABHISHEKPUROHIT
SEM-3rd , BRANCH- CIVIL ENGINEERING

2. INTRODUTION TO IRRIGATION
METHODS OF IRRIGATION
WHAT IS DRIP IRRIGATION ?
 NEED OF DRIP IRRIGATION
COMPONENTS OF DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM
TYPICAL LAYOUT OF DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
CONCLISION

3.  Irrigation may be defined as the process of supplying water to land by
means for the purpose of cultivation.
 Ordinarily water is supplied to land by nature through rain but generally it
is not enough for the proper growth of plants.
 As such as the basic objective of irrigation is to supplement the natural
supply of water to land so as to obtain the an optimum yield from the crop
grown on the land.

4.  Surface Irrigation Methods: The water is applied by spreading in it sheets or
small streams on the land to be irrigated.
 Sprinkler Irrigation Methods: The irrigation water is applied to the land in the
form of spray, somewhat as in ordinary rain.
 Sub-Surface Irrigation Methods: The water is applied below the ground
surface so that it is supplied directly to the root zone of the plants.

5.  Drip irrigation, also known as trickle irrigation or micro irrigation or
localized irrigation, is an irrigation method that saves water and fertilizer
by allowing water to drip slowly to the roots of plants, either onto the soil
surface or directly onto the root zone, through a network of valves, pipes,
tubing, and emitters.
 It is done through narrow tubes that deliver water directly to the base of
the plant.
 Water is supply drip by drip at very slow rate 2-10 ltr/hr.

6. Drip irrigation saves water because little is lost to
runoff or evaporation.
This watering method also promotes healthy
plant growth, controls weed growth, and reduces
pest problems.
It can be used for applying fertilizer and
pesticides.
Not affected by wind
It can works on all type of soil
Does not waste water on the surrounding

7.  Water Source
 Pumping system
 Distribution system
 Drip tape (drip tube)
 Injectors
 Filtration system

9. Common water sources for drip irrigation are surface water ,groundwater, and
potable water .
Pumping system
The role of pumping system is to move portable water from water source to the
field.

10.  The role of the distribution system is to convey the water
from the source to the field.
 Distribution systems may be above ground or
underground.
 Pipes are most commonly made of PVC or polyethylene
plastics.
 Drip tape
 The drip-irrigation system delivers water to each plant through a
thin polyethylene tape (or tube) with regularly spaced small holes
.

11. injectors allow the introduction of fertilizer, chemicals and
maintenance products into the irrigation system.
 The most common injectors used with small drip-irrigation systems
are the Venturi injector.
Because Venturi injectors involve no moving parts and are less
expensive, they are commonly used on small farms.

12.  The filtration system removes "large" solid
particles in suspension in the water.
 Usage of type of filter is based on the type of
particles in the water.
 Rapid clogging may occur when no filter is
used .

13.  Maximum use of available water..
 Maximum crop yield
 High efficiency in the use of fertilizers.
 Low labour and relatively low operation cost.
 No soil erosion.
 No runoff of fertilizers into ground water.
 Less evaporation losses of water as compared to surface
irrigation.
 Improves seed germination.

14.  Requires very clean water as it can easily get cloughed.
 Requires a higher level of design and management than other system.
 It can easily damaged by insects,animales,etc.
 The sun can affect the tubes used for drip irrigation.

15.  Drip irrigation is used by farms, commercial
green houses and residential green houses .
 For cultivation in roof gardens.
 In shopping malls and embankments.
 In stip sloops area

16.  Drip irrigation is a latest sub-surface method of irrigating water with
higher water demands in arid region.
 It may not be applicable to all farms. Yet, when properly designed,
installed and managed, drip irrigation may achieve water conservation by
reducing evaporation and deep drainage when compared to other types of
irrigation such as flood or overhead sprinklers.
 In addition, drip can eliminate many diseases that are spread through
water contact with the foliage.