Diagnostic Considerations in a Growth-Promoter Free Industry - Back to the Future - Dr. Fabio Vannucci, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, from the 2016 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference, September 17-20, 2016, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-leman-swine-conference-material
Dr. Fabio Vannucci - Seneca-Associated Diseases, Rapid Response And Diagnosis...John Blue
Seneca-Associated Diseases, Rapid Response And Diagnosis Leading To Potential Viral Etiology And Associated Syndromes - Dr. Fabio Vannucci, from the 2015 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference, September 19-22, 2015, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2015-leman-swine-conference-material
Dr. Fabio Vannucci - Seneca-Associated Diseases, Rapid Response And Diagnosis...John Blue
Seneca-Associated Diseases, Rapid Response And Diagnosis Leading To Potential Viral Etiology And Associated Syndromes - Dr. Fabio Vannucci, from the 2015 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference, September 19-22, 2015, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2015-leman-swine-conference-material
•Recognize patients at risk for diabetic foot infections
•Design a diagnostic work-up for diabetic foot osteomyelitis
•State the principles of management of diabetic foot infections
PIMS-TS or MIS-C UK lessons for Johns Hopkins Grand Round June 15th 2020Barney Scholefield
Paediatric Inflammatory Multi-system Syndrome Temporally Associated with SARS CoV-2 (PIMSTS) and Multi-system Inflammation Syndrome in Children (MIS-C): An upto date evidence review on the condition, rapid evolution of global research and challenges in dealing with a new condition.
Dr. Rodger Main - Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDv) DiagnosticsJohn Blue
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDv) Diagnostics - Dr. Rodger Main, Iowa State Diagnostic Lab, from the 2014 Boehringer Ingelheim North Carolina Swine Health Seminar, August 15, 2014, Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2014-boehringer-ingelheim-carolina-swine-health-seminar
Dr. Chris Rademacher - Update on Senecavirus AJohn Blue
Update on Senecavirus A - Dr. Chris Rademacher, Iowa State University, from the 2016 Iowa Pork Congress, January 27-28, Des Moines, IA, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-iowa-pork-congress
Dr. Phil Gauger - Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus In North AmericaJohn Blue
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus In North America - Dr. Phil Gauger, Iowa State University, from the 2014 World Pork Expo, June 4 - 6, 2014, Des Moines, IA, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2014-world-pork-expo
Dr. Darin Madson - Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus - Research & DiagnosticsJohn Blue
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus - Research & Diagnostics - Dr. Darin Madson, Iowa State University, from the 2015 Iowa Pork Congress, January 28-29, Des Moines, IA, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2015-iowa-pork-congress
Dr. Albert Rovira - Diagnostic View of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea VirusJohn Blue
Diagnostic View of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus - Dr. Albert Rovira, Assistant Clinical Professor, Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, from the 2013 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference, September 14-17, 2013, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2013-leman-swine-conference-material
Dr. Matt Anderson - Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea virusJohn Blue
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea virus - Dr. Matt Anderson, Suidae Health and Production, from the 2015 Iowa Pork Congress, January 28-29, Des Moines, IA, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2015-iowa-pork-congress
•Recognize patients at risk for diabetic foot infections
•Design a diagnostic work-up for diabetic foot osteomyelitis
•State the principles of management of diabetic foot infections
PIMS-TS or MIS-C UK lessons for Johns Hopkins Grand Round June 15th 2020Barney Scholefield
Paediatric Inflammatory Multi-system Syndrome Temporally Associated with SARS CoV-2 (PIMSTS) and Multi-system Inflammation Syndrome in Children (MIS-C): An upto date evidence review on the condition, rapid evolution of global research and challenges in dealing with a new condition.
Dr. Rodger Main - Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDv) DiagnosticsJohn Blue
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDv) Diagnostics - Dr. Rodger Main, Iowa State Diagnostic Lab, from the 2014 Boehringer Ingelheim North Carolina Swine Health Seminar, August 15, 2014, Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2014-boehringer-ingelheim-carolina-swine-health-seminar
Dr. Chris Rademacher - Update on Senecavirus AJohn Blue
Update on Senecavirus A - Dr. Chris Rademacher, Iowa State University, from the 2016 Iowa Pork Congress, January 27-28, Des Moines, IA, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-iowa-pork-congress
Dr. Phil Gauger - Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus In North AmericaJohn Blue
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus In North America - Dr. Phil Gauger, Iowa State University, from the 2014 World Pork Expo, June 4 - 6, 2014, Des Moines, IA, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2014-world-pork-expo
Dr. Darin Madson - Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus - Research & DiagnosticsJohn Blue
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus - Research & Diagnostics - Dr. Darin Madson, Iowa State University, from the 2015 Iowa Pork Congress, January 28-29, Des Moines, IA, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2015-iowa-pork-congress
Dr. Albert Rovira - Diagnostic View of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea VirusJohn Blue
Diagnostic View of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus - Dr. Albert Rovira, Assistant Clinical Professor, Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, from the 2013 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference, September 14-17, 2013, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2013-leman-swine-conference-material
Dr. Matt Anderson - Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea virusJohn Blue
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea virus - Dr. Matt Anderson, Suidae Health and Production, from the 2015 Iowa Pork Congress, January 28-29, Des Moines, IA, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2015-iowa-pork-congress
Objectives:
1.To review the latest updates in the Canadian VAP Guidelines
2.To highlight the changes and why these changes are important
Read more and watch the recorded webinar: http://bit.ly/1sRCowQ
Designing vaccines for specific populations and germs - Slides by Professor E...WAidid
The presentation given by Professor Susanna Esposito at ECCMID 2019. A view on vaccines recommendations, combined vaccinations and impact of vaccination practices in the eradication of major infectious diseases.
To learn more, please visit www.waidid.org
Jordan Hoewischer - OACI Farmer Certification ProgramJohn Blue
OACI Farmer Certification Program - Jordan Hoewischer, Ohio Farm Bureau, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Fred Yoder - No-till and Climate Change: Fact, Fiction, and IgnoranceJohn Blue
No-till and Climate Change: Fact, Fiction, and Ignorance - Fred Yoder, Former President, National Corn Growers Association, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. John Grove - Fifty Years Of No-till Research In KentuckyJohn Blue
Fifty Years Of No-till Research In Kentucky - Dr. John Grove, Univerity of Kentucky, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Warren Dick - Pioneering No-till Research Since 1962John Blue
Pioneering No-till Research Since 1962 - Dr. Warren Dick, OSU-OARDC (retired), from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Christine Sprunger - The role that roots play in building soil organic ma...John Blue
The role that roots play in building soil organic matter and soil health - Dr. Christine Sprunger, OSU - SENR, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Leonardo Deiss - Stratification, the Role of Roots, and Yield Trends afte...John Blue
Stratification, the Role of Roots, and Yield Trends after 60 years of No-till - Dr. Leonardo Deiss, OSU, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Steve Culman - No-Till Yield Data AnalysisJohn Blue
No-Till Yield Data Analysis - Dr. Steve Culman, OSU Soil Fertility Extension Specialist, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Alan Sundermeier and Dr. Vinayak Shedekar - Soil biological Response to BMPs John Blue
Soil biological Response to BMPs - Alan Sundermeier, OSU Extension, and Dr. Vinayak Shedekar, USDA-ARS, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Curtis Young - Attracting And Protecting PollinatorsJohn Blue
Attracting And Protecting Pollinators - Dr. Curtis Young, OSU Extension, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Sarah Noggle - Cover Crop Decision Tool SelectorJohn Blue
Cover Crop Decision Tool Selector - Sarah Noggle, OSU Extension, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Hemp Regulations - Jim Belt, ODA, Head of Hemp for Ohio, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
John Barker - UAVs: Where Are We And What's NextJohn Blue
UAVs: Where Are We And What's Next - John Barker, OSU Extension, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Rajbir Bajwa - Medical uses of MarijuanaJohn Blue
Medical uses of Marijuana - Dr. Rajbir Bajwa, Coordinator of legal medical marijuana sales, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Jeff Stachler - Setting up a Corn and Soybean Herbicide Program with Cove...John Blue
Setting up a Corn and Soybean Herbicide Program with Cover Crops - Dr. Jeff Stachler, OSU Extension, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Chad Penn - Developing A New Approach To Soil Phosphorus Testing And Reco...John Blue
Developing A New Approach To Soil Phosphorus Testing And Recommendations - Dr. Chad Penn, USDA-ARS, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Jim Hoorman - Dealing with Cover Crops after Preventative PlantingJohn Blue
Dealing with Cover Crops after Preventative Planting - Jim Hoorman, Hoorman Soil Health Services, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Sjoerd Duiker - Dealing with Poor Soil Structure and Soil Compaction John Blue
Dealing with Poor Soil Structure and Soil Compaction - Dr. Sjoerd Duiker, Extension Agronomist, Penn State University, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Christine Brown - Canadian Livestock Producers Efforts to Improve Water QualityJohn Blue
Canadian Livestock Producers Efforts to Improve Water Quality - Christine Brown, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Lee Briese - Details Matter (includes details about soil, equipment, cove...John Blue
Details Matter (includes details about soil, equipment, cover crops...) - Dr. Lee Briese, North Dakota, 2017 International Crop Adviser of the Year, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...
Dr. Fabio Vannucci - Diagnostic Considerations in a Growth-Promoter Free Industry - Back to the Future
1. Back to the future – Diagnostic considerations in a
growth promoters-free industry
Fabio Vannucci
2. Outline
• History
• EU experiences
o Disease incidence
• USA scenario
o Diagnostics
• USA and EU: compare/contrast
• Considerations for future scenarios
Overview
3. • Use of antimicrobial growth promoter (AGP)
- Late 1940s: Chickens fed with fermentation waste
from tetracycline production as a source of vit B12
OverviewHistory
- Better growth performance due to residual tetracycline: “Animal protein factor”
- Early 1950 (Cunha et al, Luecke et al):
o The effect of vitamin B12, animal protein factor and streptomycin on the growth of young pigs
4. • Use of antimicrobial growth promoter and antimicrobial resistance
OverviewHistory
- Inaction (UK and other EU countries): tylosin, spiramycin, avoparcin…
- Action (Sweden): consumers → Federation of Swedish Farmers → ban in 1986
- Mid 1960 (UK): Multi-drug-resistant salmonella
- “Sufficient sound basis for action”
- Recommendations for using on animal feed:
o Little or none application for therapeutic purposes in human or animals
o Not impair the efficacy of a prescribed therapeutic drugs through development of resistance
o Tylosin should be available only for therapeutic purposes
5. • Use of antimicrobial growth promoter and antimicrobial resistance
OverviewHistory
- Vancomycin (glycopeptide antimicrobial): discovered early 1960s
o 1980s: widely used in humans for treatment of resistant Gram positive bacteria
o 1993: Vancomycin resistant enterococci isolated from humans and animals (Bates et al 1993)
Not been used in food animal
o Cross-resistance with Avoparcin: commonly used for growth promotion in food animal
EU banned in 1997
- AGP termination
Sweden: 1986 Norway: 1995 Switzerland: 1999 Finland: 1999
Denmark: 2000 EU: 2006
6. OverviewEuropean experiences: disease incidence
• How to measure disease incidence (before/after AGP ban)?
- Indirect method for occurrence of disease
o Antimicrobial usage ONLY for therapeutic or preventive purposes (assumption after AGP ban)
o Recording antimicrobial usage for a given clinical syndrome
- Production data: mortality, ADG, Feed conversion
- Diagnostic data (lab accessions)
o High specificity but questionable sensitivity
o Confounders - emerging disease, surveillance, detection vs disease
7. OverviewEuropean experiences: disease incidence
• How to measure disease incidence (before/after AGP ban)?
Denmark
- Production data: mortality, ADG, Feed conversion
8. OverviewEuropean experiences: disease incidence
• How to measure disease incidence (before/after AGP ban)?
- Overall trends on antimicrobial consumption (therapeutic use)
Sweden Norway
9. OverviewEuropean experiences: disease incidence
• How to measure disease incidence (before/after AGP ban)?
- Overall trends on antimicrobial consumption (therapeutic use)
Denmark
Netherlands
10. OverviewEuropean experiences: disease incidence
• How to measure disease incidence (before/after AGP ban)?
- Age groups
Sweden (1986) – first 4 years after
o Increase post-weaning diarrhea
(> 1.5% mortality)
o 5-6 more days to reach 25 kg
o ↓ 1.5% feed efficiency in finishers
12. OverviewEuropean experiences: disease incidence
• How to measure disease incidence (before/after AGP ban)?
- Antimicrobial classes (Netherlands)
Switzerland
13. OverviewEuropean experiences: disease incidence
• How to measure disease incidence (before/after AGP ban)?
- Clinical signs, age group, # days and animals treated
14. • Enteric pathogens after AGP ban
o Significant increase in diarrhea (nursery)
- Post-weaning diarrhea: β-hemolytic E. coli
- Spirochetal colitis (Brachyspira pilosicoli)
- Clinical ileitis
• ↓50-120g ADG
• ~ 7 additional days from weaning to 30Kg
OverviewEuropean experience: disease incidence
Weber et al (2016), 24th IPVS
1 days 5 days 2 weeks 3 weeks 5 weeks 10 weeks 28 weeks Adult
Escherichia coli
Brachyspiral colitis
Lawsonia intracellularis
Neonatal Nursery Finishing
16. • Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)
o Post-weaning diarrhea: β-hemolytic E. coli
o High morbidity and variable mortality
Overview
o Virulence
- Fimbria (F18, F4) + Enterotoxins (LT, STa, STb, EAST1, Stx2e, AIDA)
- Stx2e: Sudden death (CNS signs may be present)
USA Scenario: Diagnostics
25. • Proliferative enteropathy (ileitis): Lawsonia intracellularis
o Clinical/subclinical PCR threshold to justify the treatment (?)
Overview
1.00E+00
1.00E+01
1.00E+02
1.00E+03
1.00E+04
1.00E+05
1.00E+06
1.00E+07
1.00E+08
1.00E+09
1.00E+10
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42
Log10Lawsoniaintracellularisbacteria/gfeces
Ct value
UMN-VDL
- One Log10 increase in LI load increases OR for a pig to have a low growth rate by 2 times
USA Scenario: Diagnostics
28. • Increasing of enteric bacterial infection (not much respiratory)
OverviewUSA and EU: compare/contrast
o Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex (PRDC)
- Success controlling primary triggers – vaccination, elimination
o Porcine Enteric Disease Complex (PEDC) – What the heck?
- Enteric bacteria as primary cause
- Synergism: Rotavirus – Clostridium perfringens, E.coli (?)
o Microbiome complexity
29. Overview
Europe United States
Weaning age 28-30 days 21 days
PRRS status Neg (some countries) Pos
Pig/farm density Low/variable High
Lawsonia vaccine usage Low Widely used
Carbadox Banned Widely used*
Zinc oxide Partial restrictions Widely used
USA and EU: compare/contrast
• Management/alternative strategies
• Systematic approach to measure disease incidence
• Scale matters
30. • AGP ban (EU)
– Enteric bacterial pathogens (diarrhea): When to act (?)
• Lawsonia PCR positive: “how much” to justify treatment (?) and for how long (?)
• Beta-hemolytic E coli with virulence factor + diarrhea
OutlineConsiderations for future scenarios
– Followed by additional regulation → Long term benefits
• Denmark (Yellow card regulations)
• Germany (DART, German Antibiotic Resistance Strategy)
• Netherlands (Netherlands Veterinary Medicines Authority - SDa)