Dominant traits are caused by a single allele masking the phenotype of the other allele. Recessive traits require inheriting two copies of the recessive allele to manifest. Gregor Mendel established that purple flower color in peas was dominant over white, as peas needed only one purple allele. When heterozygous, the dominant trait manifests as the recessive allele remains inactive. Examples show homozygous dominant as AA, heterozygous dominant as Aa displaying the dominant trait, and homozygous recessive as aa.

1. DOMINANT
AND
RECESSIVE
TRAITS

2. DOM I NA NC E T R A I T S :
Dominance in genetics is a relationship between two alleles of a gene, in
which one allele masks the phenotype (the expression that we can see in the
outside) of another allele at the same genetics.

3. R E C E S S IV E T R A IT S :
A recessive trait is a trait caused by a recessive gene, which means
that someone must inherit two copies of the gene for the trait to
manifest.
When organisms such as humans reproduce, they produce young
with a genetic inheritance from both parents, caused by the fusing of
haploid sperm with haploid eggs to create a diploid organism.(In our
case we have 46 chromosomes, 23 comes from each parent), so
each chromosome contains a series of alleles or genes which code
various information.

5. E X P L A N A T IO N :
­When someone is heterozygous, however, one of the alleles will remain
inactive, and this allele represents a recessive trait.
­Gregor Mendel(considered the father od genetics beacuse of his experiments
on the fields)did much of his work with peas. In the course of his research, he
learned that purple was a dominant trait for flower color, meaning that a flower only
had to inherit one purple gene to produce purple flowers.
­When someone is heterozygous for a trait, the difference between dominant and
recessive traits becomes more important, because the dominant trait is the one
which will manifest.

6. F O R E XA M P L E :
When the alleles from both parents are the same(AA­AA), someone is said to
be homozygous at that allele. If a child inherits two different alleles, such as a
gene for red hair(RR) and a gene for brown hair(BB), he or she is said to be
heterozygous at that allele:
­When someone inherits the same allele twice,, that trait will manifest
whether or not it is dominant.
­When someone is heterozygous, however, one of the alleles will
remain inactive, and this allele represents a recessive trait.

8. E XA M P L E S
In the simplest case, where a gene exists in two allelic forms ( A and b),
three combinations of genotypes(alleles) are possible:
­AA: Homozygotic dominant.
­ Ab: Heterozygotic dominat.
­bb:HOmozygotic recessive.
­If AA and bb individuals (homozygotics) show different forms of the trait
(phenotype), and Ab individuals (heterozygotics) show the same phenotype
as AA individuals, then allele A is said to dominate or be dominant to or
show dominance to allele b, and b is said to be recessive to A.

9. E XA M P L E S :
1­The language of genetics consists of symbols and rules for using these symbols.When the
trait that we are studying is dominant we use a capital letter to show its symbol. When we
represent the recessive trait from the same trait we put the same letter but not capitalized.
EXAMPLE:
­If we have a tall pea plant dominat iver a short pea plant it will be represented like that:
Dominan(tall): T
Recessive(short): t
2­The following letters represent pairs of alleles.we have to indicate whether each pair is a
heterozygote(hybrid) or homozygote(purebrid).Later we can indicate whether each pair would
display a dominant or recessive phenotype
­DD:Homozygotic dominant ­Dd:Heterozygotic dominant
­ss:Hmozygotic recessive ­Rr: Heterozygotic dominant
­Tt:Heterozygotic dominant ­yy:Homozygotic recessive

10. S OURC ES :
I've got my information from these places:
http://www.wisegeek.com/what­is­a­recessive­trait.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominance_(genetics)
­My notebook and my own nowledge.