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Domestic hazards
- 1. DOMESTIC HAZARDS AND SAFETYPRECAUTIONS Dr. SHIVANGI DIXIT
- 2. Accidents andinjuries are common,especially among children aged 1-4 years of age Accidents are happening that are usually unitended and unforeseen Accidents sometimes result from negligence
- 3. Predisposing factorsto the causation of accidents are of two types: ENVIRONMENTALFACTORS things in the child’s environment at home and outdoor CHILDHOOD FACTORS normal curiosity,exploration nature and imitation of a child ,a child still learning and has no experience that can lead them into accidents
- 4. Falls Cuts Burns and scalds Bites and stings Poisoning Inhalation of foreign bodies Road traffic accidents
- 5. WHAT IS CHILDPROOFING? Almost all injuries can be prevented The act of making an environment or an object relatively safe for children. To reduce risk of injuries to a considerable level and to offer safety solutions suiting the specific requirements.
- 6. LET USEXPLORE THE HOME THROUGH A CHILD’S EYE…
- 7. BABY CARE Babyskin care Toys/prams/bassinets/cribs Baby food Baby toiletries and diapers Vaccines Clothes and shoes
- 8. KITCHEN HAZARDS • BurningHazard: Stoves, ovens, microwave, pots or pans full of boiling water or hot food etc. • Finger pinching: Drawers and cabinet doors • Cuts or bruises: Sharp knives or other utensils • Risk of fire/explosion: Unsafe handling of stove knobs by children
- 9. KITCHEN SAFETY PRECAUTIONS •Rotate the handles of pots and pans inside • Keep matches, lighters, sharp objects and utensils out of reach of children • Don't store heavy objects overhead • Don't let children climb on kitchen counters, especially while you are cooking • Plastic bags and cleaning liquids to be kept in a secure place • Avoid table cloth and / or table mats
- 10. KITCHEN SAFETY PRECAUTIONS While cooking place glasses,knives,hot food and drinks away from the edges of counters Once cooking is done do not leave hot tawas,cooking pans on the platform Do not leave hot oil within reach of children Put your baby down before lifting any hot utensils Do not let your child open containers with rice,flour or beans They can pose a chocking hazard
- 11. BATHROOM HAZARDS • DrowningHazard: Bath Tubs or Buckets • Burning and Scald: hot water • Poisoning: Detergents, soaps
- 12. BATHROOM SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Razors,scissors,nail cutter,blades,shall be kept in cupboards Unplug any appliance that creates heat and put them away after each use to prevent burns and risk of shock Keep cosmetics,mouth washes,cleaners,detergents should be kept out of reach of children Make sure the hot water tap is not open when the child is around Keep the floor dry to avoid slippagesoap,detergent can make the floor slippery so wash it properly Always stay with your child when in bathroom
- 13. BATHROOM SAFETY PRECAUTIONS •Check the bath water before placing your child • Keep toilet lids shut and use toilet locks • Drain the tub immediately once bath is over • Empty all buckets and containers after use and store them upside down • Prepare yourself before heading into the bathroom • Keep bathrooms doors closed when not in use • Never leave electrical appliances plugged in near water • No child should ever be left alone in the tub • OUT OF SIGHT;OUT OF MIND
- 14. FALLS Most common Due to slippery floors,from the stairs,scattered toys on the floor,unstable gait of the child What to do? Keep floors free of toys Close supervision Never leave babies unattended on high surfaces Keep floor dry Windows and doors must be locked
- 15. BURNS AND SCALDS Sclads by hot water,burn by fire touching of hot object What to do? Never hold a hot object and child at the same time Ensure milk and food is at a reasonable temperature before feeding While cooking pay extra attention to the stove fire and cooking utensil Always test water temperature before bathing the child
- 16. Matches andlighters should be placed out of reach of children All hot objects like iron containers with hot matter must not be placed near the edge of the tables Warn children never to play with fire
- 17. CHOCKING Accidental swallowingof foreign body,strangulation,covering of head by blankets,accidental suffocation by pillow while baby sleeps What to do? Choose toys appropriate to the age of children Avoid toys with very small parts Strings and plastic bags should be kept out of reach of children Instruct children not to play while eating Never use pillow for baby under 1 yr of age
- 18. Do notuse large or heavy blanket for covering a child Bucket filled with water must be covered and keep children away from it
- 19. INHALATION /ASPIRATION OFFOREIGN BODIES May cause obstruction of airway or GI tract Causes inflammation and infection Sharp objects such as pins,screws usually pass through the GI tract Removal of foreign bodies should be done by the specialist Do not force feed infants who are crying as that may lead to inhaltion of liquid or solid food into their airway
- 20. PREVENTION Cut foodinto small pieces and then feed Disccourage talking,laughing or playing while taking meals Keep small objects out of reach of children
- 21. HEIMLICH MANEUVER 1.seeif your child can speak 2.look to see if the child is having trouble having breathing 3.look for weak coughing 4.check for blue tinges 5.see if the child is conscious
- 22. STEPS… Bend thechild over at the waist,place your hand under her chest for support Kneel on the floor You can also place a child across your lap face down Give 5 back blows with heel of the palm between the shoulder blades Place your fist above the childs navel Pull upwards,4 times
- 23. POISONING Food poisoning,accidentalswallowing of drugs,detergents,insecticides What to do? Keep medicines and chemicals out of sight and reach of cildren Small cells and batteries should be discarded Keep nail paint,thinners,ointments bottles out of reach of children Lock up detergent
- 24. ANIMAL BITE,BEE STING,SNAKE BITE Dog/cat bite-wash the wound gently with soap/detergent and water Apply pressure with a clean towel to the bleeding area Keep the injury elevated above level of heart visit the nearest hospital immediately Take the vaccination-tetanus,rabipur Apply antibiotic ointment Keep the wound open
- 25. Bee sting-Removethe stinger.It should not be pulled out but scrapped because that will avoid spreading of venom Wash the area with cold water and soap Antiseptic like dettol or savlon can be applied Apply calamine lotion Pain can be relieved by applying cold compress on the spot for 15 mins
- 26. SNAKE BITE Remaincalm and reassure your child Move the child to a nearby safe area,away from the snake Call fro emergency help immediately Have your child lie down and try to stay still Keep the bite area still and lower than the heart Wash the area with soap & water Remove all rings,bangles threads and tight clothing Do not give anything to eat or drink Do not suck out the poison
- 27. ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS Help them to navigate driveways,cars,roads and car parks safely Always holding your childs hand when he’s near cars before moving a vehicle check theres no child behind or in front of the vehicle Never leave young children alon eto play near parked or moving vehicles
- 29. Q.FACTORS RESPONSIBLEFOR DOMESTIC ACCIDENTS IN CHILDREN?
- 30. Q.TYPES OFDOMESTIC ACCIDENTS
- 31. HOW TOTAKE CARE IN CASE BABY DIAPER RASHES?
- 32. Q.7 SAFETYPRECAUTIONS IN KITCHEN?
- 33. 7 SAFETYPRECAUTIONS IN BATHROOM?
- 34. STEPS OFHEIMLICH MANEUVER…
- 35. What todo in case of a dog bite?
- 36. What todo in case of a bee sting?
- 37. What todo in case of a snake bite?
- 38. Q.safety precautionsto avoid road traffic accidents?