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Accident prevention in children
Children are naturally curious and take risks as they develop new skills, making them vulnerable to accidents. Accidents are a leading cause of death and disability in children worldwide. The document discusses types of common accidents for different age groups and strategies for prevention. For infants, common accidents include falls, burns, suffocation, and ingestion. Prevention strategies include constant supervision, removing hazardous objects, using safety gates, and not leaving infants unattended. Nurses can help prevent childhood accidents through health education, ensuring a safe environment, teaching safety precautions, and participating in injury prevention research and policymaking.
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Accident prevention in children
- 2. PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS INCHILDREN Ms. Devangi Sharma N F.Y M.Sc(N)
- 3. CHILDREN ARE VULNERABLETO INJURY Natural curiosity Investigative, Impulsive, Impatient Less careful,hyperactive Drive to test on new master skills Attempted activities before developmental readiness Self-assertion and challenges to rules Desire for peer approval
- 4. DEFINATION WHO defined… An accidentis an event, independent of human will caused by outside force acting rapidly and resulting in physical or mental injury.
- 5. Contd… Accident isdefined an unexpected , unplanned occurrence which may involve injury. Unpremeditated event resulting in recognizable damage. Occurrence in sequence of events which usually produces uninteded injury, death or property damage.
- 6. INJURY It is an intentional/unintentional damageto body due to exposure to an external agent which can be thermal, mechanical, electrical, or chemical energy or agent.
- 8. CHILDREN ARE ATGREATER RISK Children live in a world built for adults: strong association between injuries his age, developmental stage his interactions and activities with/in the world lack of supervision, access to protective materials Simply reproducing injury strategies for adults may not be effective for children World becomes dangerous for them: cleaning chemicals, outlets, ovens, sharp corners, kerosene lamps, bodies of water, traffic, etc.
- 9. CHILDHOOD ACCIDENTS Leading causeof death and disability in children and young adults More than 5 million deaths per year worldwide Lack of global attention to childhood injuries Leading cause of death in children over 1 year 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% <1year 1-4years >5years SIDS Congenitalanomaly Infecton Neoplasms Accidents
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- 12. COMMON ACCIDENTAL INJURY ANDITS PREVENTION IN DIFFERENT AGE GROUP
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- 15. Contd… Never leave aninfant alone on cot/table/ any unprotected place to prevent fall. Never give very small things to child. Toys should not have removable small parts which can be aspirated or put into ear or nose. Never feed solids which are difficult to swallow /chew.
- 16. Contd… Coins .buttons. beads,marblesmust not be left within child’s reach. Keep the stove or fire source and hot things far away from child. Electrical appliances should be kept out of reach. Never leave the infant near water tub or pond and never go out alone.
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- 19. Contd… Give proper directionsfor certain activity. Keep constant supervision. Keep harmful substances like hot things, drugs, poisons,kerosene oils. electrical appliances,sharp objects etc. out of child’s reach. Give adequate instructions to the care taker to look after the child and follow proper precautions. provide safe playmaterials. Floor should not be slippery.
- 20. Furniture should beplaced firmly to prevent falls. Child should not be allowed to play with cord, plastic bags or pillow to avoid suffocation. Electric switch shoul be out of child’s reach. Contd…
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- 23. Contd… Teach for safetyprecautions with fire,electricity,sharp materials etc. Teach the child for swimming. Encourage the playing in safe places to and keep a keen supervision. Discourage the children flying kite from open roofs and terrace. Teach the child for the road safety and zebra crossing and traffic rules. Never leave the child alone in a car with the ‘keys’.
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- 25. Forethought –The anticipationof possible risk of accidents to the child. Time- Sufficient time should be given on the child to keep a keen supervision. Discipline- Should be maintained at home to prevent accidental hazards.
- 26. e Health Education Provision ofsafe enviorment Safe child care and prevent the accidental hazards Assist in medical care to prevent the disability Take public health measures to prevent road traffic accidents: teach traffic rules,implement policies etc. Participate in policy making nd research activities in accident prevention. NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
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- #9 The terrible toll of CI. As the father of a 2y-old, I can state with authority: when young children achieve mobility, the Keeping toddlers safe is one of the most important and harrowing jobs for parents, no matter where in the world they live. According to a new report released jointly by UNICEF and the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 2,000 children die every day as a result of accidental injuries. And every year, millions more suffer injuries that leave them with lifelong disabilities. This first-ever comprehensive assessment of unintentional injuries also found that if certain tried and true prevention measures were used worldwide, at least 1,000 children's lives could be saved every day. These measures include child-appropriate seatbelts and helmets, child-resistant medicine packaging and household product containers, swimming pool fences, and separate traffic lanes for bicycles and motorcycles, among many others. Children living in poverty face the greatest risk of life-threatening injuries because they are less likely to have access to protective measures than children from developed countries. More than 95 percent of worldwide child injury deaths occur in low and middle-income countries. As the father of a two-year-old, I can state with authority: when young children achieve mobility, the world around them becomes a lot more dangerous. Hazards are everywhere"cleaning chemicals, outlets, ovens, sharp corners, kerosene lamps and bodies of water, to name a few. Keeping toddlers safe is one of the most important and harrowing jobs for parents, no matter where in the world they live. According to a new report released jointly by UNICEF and the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 2,000 children die every day as a result of accidental injuries. And every year, millions more suffer injuries that leave them with lifelong disabilities. This first-ever comprehensive assessment of unintentional injuries also found that if certain tried and true prevention measures were used worldwide, at least 1,000 children's lives could be saved every day. These measures include child-appropriate seatbelts and helmets, child-resistant medicine packaging and household product containers, swimming pool fences, and separate traffic lanes for bicycles and motorcycles, among many others. Children living in poverty face the greatest risk of life-threatening injuries because they are less likely to have access to protective measures than children from developed countries. More than 95 percent of worldwide child injury deaths occur in low and middle-income countries. The report's authors note that child injuries have not received enough attention over the years and that the issue is often absent from child survival initiatives. UNICEF and the WHO have set out to raise awareness of this serious problem and to make sure everyone understands that these injuries are preventable.