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Health hazards
- 1. HEALTH HAZARDS Anything thatdamages health © PDST Home Economics
- 2. Smoking Why people begin: Curiosity Image Peerpressure Bad Example
- 3. Harmful substances intobacco 4000 chemicals Nicotine – addictive drug Tar – coats lungs Carbon monoxide – robs body of oxygen Irritants – Causes coughs Carcinogens – triggers cancer in the body
- 5. Harmful Effects ofSmoking Cancer: lungs, stomach, mouth, throat. 90% of people who get lung cancer are smokers. Heart disease: 3 times more common in smokers than non-smokers. Bronchitis Smoker’s children get more lung infections Pregnant smokers are more likely to have miscarriages, still births or smaller babies. Smokers cough
- 8. Other Effects Poor senseof taste and smell Addiction Unfit and slow Bad breath, smelly clothes Yellow teeth and fingers Wrinkles and skin ageing Wastes a lot of money
- 10. Passive smoker When peoplewho do not smoke inhale other peoples cigarette smoke. Environmental tobacco smoke ETS Passive smoking can have the same effects as smoking
- 12. Government Action MARCH 2004– SMOKING BAN High Tax illegal to sell tobacco to under 18’s Pack of 10 banned Health warnings on packs Tobacco advertising banned
- 13. In Ireland 5000people die each year because of smoking
- 14. Alcohol Abuse Alcoholic drinkscontain a drug called ethyl alcohol If adults drink within recommended limits it may do no harm. If too much alcohol is drunk it can become addictive and cause serious health problems
- 15. Why people drink Forconfidence Relaxes them Like the taste Peer pressure To escape problems
- 16. Effects of alcoholdepend on: How much is drunk How quickly it is drunk The size and gender of the drinker If the drinker has eaten first
- 17. Short-term effects of alcohol Bloodvessels widen – skin red Loss of co-ordination – staggers, slurred speech Brain slows down Effects judgement Causes aggression Poisonous – pass out
- 18. Long term effectof alcohol abuse: Addiction Destroys brain cells – co-ordination and memory effected Cirrhosis liver Foetal alcohol syndrome Cancer throat and mouth Heart disease Stomach ulcers Obesity Mental illness – depression Premature death
- 20. Effects on thefamily of the abuser Family unhappiness and breakdown Financial problems – alcohol is expensive Physical abuse of spouse or children Bad example for children
- 21. Effect of alcoholabuse on society Increase in crime Increase in road accidents More people absent from work Tax payers money used treating abusers
- 23. Help for alcoholicsand their families Alcoholics anonymous – group that helps alcoholic control their addiction, it cannot be cured. Al Anon – for partners and adult relatives of an alcoholic Alateen – for teenage children of alcoholics
- 24. Teenage Drinking Added dangers ofdrinking early in life before you are finished growing Alcohol has a more severe effect on a younger body and brain. Addiction develops more easily Learning and exams suffer Greater risk of underage pregnancy
- 26. Alcohol content ofdrinks Measured in units Max 3 units recommended for men per day Max 2 units recommended for women per day 1unit = 1 glass wine or ½ pt beer or 1 measure of vodka
- 27. Sensible drinking foradults (over 18) Drink in moderation Drink slowly Eat before drinking Avoid ‘rounds’ Don’t mix drink and medicine or other drugs Don’t drink and drive Don’t force other people to drink
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- 29. Drugs Any substance otherthan food which affects the body. Some drugs are very helpful if used correctly, preventing disease, curing disease, reducing pain. Follow doctors instructions, complete the course of medication, only give medicine to the person for which it’s prescribe.
- 30. Types of drugs Commondrugs Controlled drugs (prescription) Illegal drugs Caffeine Alcohol Nicotine Painkillers (Panadol) Sleeping pills Tranquillisers Antibiotics Ecstasy Cannabis Cocaine Heroin
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- 34. Drug Abuse Drug abuseor misuse is using a drug for the wrong purpose so it causes harm. Why do people abuse drugs? Curiosity For pleasure To hide insecurities or forget problems Peer pressure
- 35. Which drugs areabused? Painkillers – taking them when not needed Solvents – glue sniffing Controlled drugs – stolen and sold illegally Illegal drugs - cannabis, cocaine, ecstasy
- 36. Effects of drugabuse Addiction and withdrawal symptoms Health damaged – self neglect Tolerance grows AIDS Death – overdose, suicide, inhaling solvents, disease. Crime increases Hardship and heartbreak for family of addicts
- 37. Addiction Addiction is dependenceon a drug. 2 types (i) Physical addiction (ii) Psychological addiction. Physical addiction: the body depends on the drug, without it they get withdrawal symptoms, cravings, cramps, sweating etc. Psychological addiction: person relies on the drug to get them through the day, without it the feel tension, panic, paranoia etc Addicts can suffer from one or both types.
- 38. Overcoming Addiction Physical addictionis worst and medical help is needed for the addict to withdraw from the drug safely – drug treatment centre Psychological addiction is easier to overcome, if the addict decides to kick the habit they can be helped by friends, family counsellors to stay away from the drug one day at a time.