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Docker for the new Era: Introducing Docker,its components and tools

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Ramit Surana
Ramit Surana

This document provides an overview of Docker, including: - Docker enables building applications from components and eliminates friction between development, QA and production environments. - Other container options include LXC, LXD and OpenVZ, but Docker has gained popularity for its ease of use. - Docker components include images, containers, registries, and more. - Docker Hub and Quay.io are popular registries for finding and sharing Docker images. - Docker Swarm and Docker Compose allow orchestrating multiple Docker containers.

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Ramit Surana @ramitsurana /in/ramitsurana
Agenda • About Docker • Life Before and After Docker • Other options than Docker • Why Docker ? • Docker Components • Docker basics • Docker Workflow • Dockerfile • Docker Hub • Quay.io • Docker Swarm • Docker CI/CD • Docker CI/CD workflow • Dockerv1.1 • RunC • ContainerD
About me • Open source guy • Doing cool stuff whenever possible • Join me: • Github: ramitsurana • Linkedin: /in/ramitsurana • Mail: ramitsurana@gmail.com
Life before Docker
About Docker • Docker is a modernized application container environment. • Docker enables apps to be quickly assembled from components. • It eliminates the friction between development, QA and production environments.
Life after Docker
But are containers new in the market ? • No • Some other options available in the market are: • LXC • LXD • OpenVZ
Containers vs VM's
Stateless and Stateful Containers
Why Docker ?
3 basic components of docker
Docker basics
Basic Workflow
Better depiction of Workflow
Docker Storage options • Docker works on various storage options: • Aufs • Overlay • ZFS • VFS • Device Mapper • btrfs
Docker Security • Ideally Containers are not considered as secured as compared to virtualized environments. • Some of the apps that can work for you in this domain are: • Apparmor • GRSecurity • Seccomp Profiles
Docker Image • Images are used to create Docker containers. • Docker images are the build component of Docker. • Docker provides a simple way to build new images or update existing images
Docker commands • sudo usermod -aG docker $(whoami) - After docker installation • Docker info – To display information • Docker images – To display images • Docker run – To run images • Docker pull – To pull the registries from Docket Hub • Docker ps – To show the containers • Service docker restart – To restart docker • Service docker stop – To stop docker • And many more….
Docker flags • --name – To name a container • -d – To run the container in daemonized mode • -f – To do forcefully • -a – To attach • -e – To set environment variables • -m – Memory limit • -p – To publish new ports • And many more....
Dockerfile • Script i.e. composed of various commands and arguments listed successively to automatically perform actions on a base image in order to create a new one. • Checkout some of my work: • https://hub.docker.com/u/ramitsurana • https://quay.io/user/ramitsurana05
Dockerfile • Sample of my work on Heroku-runtime:
Dockerfile vs Docker Image
Docker Hub • Collection of variety of different images from organizations & users. • Now supports Vulnerability analysis • Consists of 2 types of repositories: • Official repos • User based repos
How to use it with docker ? • Docker login on cli: • Pulling images from docker hub:
How to use it with docker ? • Checking the image's presence : • Running the container :
Let's Check out the output:
Quay.io • Hosted by CoreOS guys • Supports rkt project • Integrated with the amazing clair vulnerability service. • Integrates with tectonic and other coreos projects
How to use it with docker ? • Quay login with docker: • Pulling images from quay.io:
How to use it with docker ? • Checking the image's presence : • Running the container :
How to use it with docker ? • Check out http://localhost:4000. Bingo !!
Docker Compose
Docker Compose • Simple way to bring up multiple containers with .yaml file. • Previously known as Fig. • Bought by docker in 2014.
How to use Docker Compose ? • Installation:
How to use Docker Compose ? • Installation:
How to use it with Docker Compose ? • Create a dir and .yml file inside it: • My .yml file:
How to use it with Docker Compose ? • The Output:
How to use it with Docker Compose ? • Find more cool examples at http://github.com/ramitsurana/dcompose • Some simple commands for docker compose: • docker-compose up – To bring up containers • docker-compose build - Build or rebuild services • docker-compose kill - Kill containers • docker-compose logs - View output from containers • docker-compose port - Print the public port for a port binding • docker-compose ps - List containers • docker-compose pull - Pulls service images • docker-compose rm - Remove stopped containers • docker-compose scale - Set number of containers for a service
Docker Swarm
Docker Swarm • Swarm is an orchestration tool to orchestrate your docker containers. • Follows"swap, plug and play" principle. • Allows you to create and access to a pool of Docker Hosts. • For more info: http://www.slideshare.net/rami tsurana/introducing-docker- swarm-the-orchestration-tool- by-docker
Docker Swarm working
Docker Swarm high level architecture
How to use Docker Swarm ? • Pulling the image: • Creating new cluster using, docker run –rm swarm create Cluster ID
How to use Docker Swarm ? • Starting swarm agent, • docker run -d swarm join --addr=<node_ip:2375> token://<cluster_id> • Setting up swarm on the other nodes: Default Port of Docker
How to use Docker Swarm ? • To view a list of containers on port, docker -H tcp://<ip-addr>:<port> ps • To run a container on swarm, docker –H tcp://<ip-addr>:<port> run –d –name www –p <port>:<port> <image>
Docker Swarm Filters • Tell Docker Swarm scheduler which nodes to use when creating and running a container. • Consists of 5 categories: • constraint • health • affinity • dependency • port
Some Docker Monitoring Tools
cAdvisor • Provided as open source by google. • Easy to use • Integrates well with kubernetes. • Lightweight by nature
How to use cAdvisor ? • Pulling docker image: • Try http://localhost:8080 on your browser
How to use cAdvisor ? • My Results :
Shipyard
Shipyard • Built by Evan Hazlett. • Built on Docker Swarm • Gives you the ability to manage Docker resources including containers, images, private registries and more. • Requires installation of : - Rethinkdb - Etcd - docker-proxy - Shipyard image - Swarm manager, agent & controller
How to use Shipyard ? • Using Shell script:
How to use Shipyard? • Open up http://:<your local ip>:8080
How to use Shipyard? • Use admin for username & shipyard for password
Developing CI/CD • Docker version 2.0 introduces new UI. • Jenkinsfile introduced with this new version. • It's a container for your pipeline which details what specific steps are needed to perform a job for which you want to use Jenkins. • For better info: http://theremotelab.com /blog/jenkins2.0-screencast-series/
Sample Workflow model
Better workflow model (using kubernetes)
Dockerv1.1 introduces major updates • From Dockerv1.1 new things have come into actions. • Some major changes are • RunC • Containerd • OCI Standards
runC • CLI tool for spawning and running containers. • runC does not create a daemon, so it integrates well with systemd. • Currently in alpha version
ContainerD
Containerd • Daemon with an API and a command line client, to manage containers on one machine. • Uses runC to run containers. • Has advanced features such as seccomp and user namespace support as well as checkpoint and restore for cloning and live migration of containers.
Some more services from docker • Docker Datacenter • Kitematic • Docker Cloud a.k.a. Tumtum cloud • Docker Toolbox • And many more....
Some interesting new operating systems for running docker • CoreOS • RancherOS • Atomic OS • Alpine
Docker Questions ?
Docker Celebrations & conference
Thank you May you have a Dockerized day ahead !

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Docker for the new Era: Introducing Docker,its components and tools

  • 1. Ramit Surana @ramitsurana /in/ramitsurana
  • 2. Agenda • About Docker • Life Before and After Docker • Other options than Docker • Why Docker ? • Docker Components • Docker basics • Docker Workflow • Dockerfile • Docker Hub • Quay.io • Docker Swarm • Docker CI/CD • Docker CI/CD workflow • Dockerv1.1 • RunC • ContainerD
  • 3. About me • Open source guy • Doing cool stuff whenever possible • Join me: • Github: ramitsurana • Linkedin: /in/ramitsurana • Mail: ramitsurana@gmail.com
  • 5. About Docker • Docker is a modernized application container environment. • Docker enables apps to be quickly assembled from components. • It eliminates the friction between development, QA and production environments.
  • 7. But are containers new in the market ? • No • Some other options available in the market are: • LXC • LXD • OpenVZ
  • 15. Docker Storage options • Docker works on various storage options: • Aufs • Overlay • ZFS • VFS • Device Mapper • btrfs
  • 16. Docker Security • Ideally Containers are not considered as secured as compared to virtualized environments. • Some of the apps that can work for you in this domain are: • Apparmor • GRSecurity • Seccomp Profiles
  • 17. Docker Image • Images are used to create Docker containers. • Docker images are the build component of Docker. • Docker provides a simple way to build new images or update existing images
  • 18. Docker commands • sudo usermod -aG docker $(whoami) - After docker installation • Docker info – To display information • Docker images – To display images • Docker run – To run images • Docker pull – To pull the registries from Docket Hub • Docker ps – To show the containers • Service docker restart – To restart docker • Service docker stop – To stop docker • And many more….
  • 19. Docker flags • --name – To name a container • -d – To run the container in daemonized mode • -f – To do forcefully • -a – To attach • -e – To set environment variables • -m – Memory limit • -p – To publish new ports • And many more....
  • 20. Dockerfile • Script i.e. composed of various commands and arguments listed successively to automatically perform actions on a base image in order to create a new one. • Checkout some of my work: • https://hub.docker.com/u/ramitsurana • https://quay.io/user/ramitsurana05
  • 21. Dockerfile • Sample of my work on Heroku-runtime:
  • 23. Docker Hub • Collection of variety of different images from organizations & users. • Now supports Vulnerability analysis • Consists of 2 types of repositories: • Official repos • User based repos
  • 24. How to use it with docker ? • Docker login on cli: • Pulling images from docker hub:
  • 25. How to use it with docker ? • Checking the image's presence : • Running the container :
  • 26. Let's Check out the output:
  • 27. Quay.io • Hosted by CoreOS guys • Supports rkt project • Integrated with the amazing clair vulnerability service. • Integrates with tectonic and other coreos projects
  • 28. How to use it with docker ? • Quay login with docker: • Pulling images from quay.io:
  • 29. How to use it with docker ? • Checking the image's presence : • Running the container :
  • 30. How to use it with docker ? • Check out http://localhost:4000. Bingo !!
  • 32. Docker Compose • Simple way to bring up multiple containers with .yaml file. • Previously known as Fig. • Bought by docker in 2014.
  • 33. How to use Docker Compose ? • Installation:
  • 34. How to use Docker Compose ? • Installation:
  • 35. How to use it with Docker Compose ? • Create a dir and .yml file inside it: • My .yml file:
  • 36. How to use it with Docker Compose ? • The Output:
  • 37. How to use it with Docker Compose ? • Find more cool examples at http://github.com/ramitsurana/dcompose • Some simple commands for docker compose: • docker-compose up – To bring up containers • docker-compose build - Build or rebuild services • docker-compose kill - Kill containers • docker-compose logs - View output from containers • docker-compose port - Print the public port for a port binding • docker-compose ps - List containers • docker-compose pull - Pulls service images • docker-compose rm - Remove stopped containers • docker-compose scale - Set number of containers for a service
  • 39. Docker Swarm • Swarm is an orchestration tool to orchestrate your docker containers. • Follows"swap, plug and play" principle. • Allows you to create and access to a pool of Docker Hosts. • For more info: http://www.slideshare.net/rami tsurana/introducing-docker- swarm-the-orchestration-tool- by-docker
  • 41. Docker Swarm high level architecture
  • 42. How to use Docker Swarm ? • Pulling the image: • Creating new cluster using, docker run –rm swarm create Cluster ID
  • 43. How to use Docker Swarm ? • Starting swarm agent, • docker run -d swarm join --addr=<node_ip:2375> token://<cluster_id> • Setting up swarm on the other nodes: Default Port of Docker
  • 44. How to use Docker Swarm ? • To view a list of containers on port, docker -H tcp://<ip-addr>:<port> ps • To run a container on swarm, docker –H tcp://<ip-addr>:<port> run –d –name www –p <port>:<port> <image>
  • 45. Docker Swarm Filters • Tell Docker Swarm scheduler which nodes to use when creating and running a container. • Consists of 5 categories: • constraint • health • affinity • dependency • port
  • 47. cAdvisor • Provided as open source by google. • Easy to use • Integrates well with kubernetes. • Lightweight by nature
  • 48. How to use cAdvisor ? • Pulling docker image: • Try http://localhost:8080 on your browser
  • 49. How to use cAdvisor ? • My Results :
  • 51. Shipyard • Built by Evan Hazlett. • Built on Docker Swarm • Gives you the ability to manage Docker resources including containers, images, private registries and more. • Requires installation of : - Rethinkdb - Etcd - docker-proxy - Shipyard image - Swarm manager, agent & controller
  • 52. How to use Shipyard ? • Using Shell script:
  • 53. How to use Shipyard? • Open up http://:<your local ip>:8080
  • 54. How to use Shipyard? • Use admin for username & shipyard for password
  • 55.
  • 56. Developing CI/CD • Docker version 2.0 introduces new UI. • Jenkinsfile introduced with this new version. • It's a container for your pipeline which details what specific steps are needed to perform a job for which you want to use Jenkins. • For better info: http://theremotelab.com /blog/jenkins2.0-screencast-series/
  • 58. Better workflow model (using kubernetes)
  • 59. Dockerv1.1 introduces major updates • From Dockerv1.1 new things have come into actions. • Some major changes are • RunC • Containerd • OCI Standards
  • 60. runC • CLI tool for spawning and running containers. • runC does not create a daemon, so it integrates well with systemd. • Currently in alpha version
  • 62. Containerd • Daemon with an API and a command line client, to manage containers on one machine. • Uses runC to run containers. • Has advanced features such as seccomp and user namespace support as well as checkpoint and restore for cloning and live migration of containers.
  • 63. Some more services from docker • Docker Datacenter • Kitematic • Docker Cloud a.k.a. Tumtum cloud • Docker Toolbox • And many more....
  • 64. Some interesting new operating systems for running docker • CoreOS • RancherOS • Atomic OS • Alpine
  • 66. Docker Celebrations & conference
  • 67. Thank you May you have a Dockerized day ahead !