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Discourse written
This document discusses the key differences between written and spoken language. It notes that written language is more planned and organized, while spoken language is more unplanned and interactive. Grammatically, written language tends to use complete sentences while speech uses idea units. Vocabulary is also more complex in written works. However, explicitness can depend on context rather than the medium alone. Both written and spoken language serve important communicative functions.
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Discourse written
- 2. A written languageis the representation of a spoken or gestural language by means of a writing system. A written language exists only as a complement to a specific spoken language, and no natural language is purely written. However, extinct languages may be, in effect, purely written if only their writings survive.
- 3. Description Narration Argumentation Narrative, Recount, News Items,and Anecdote Descriptive, Report, Explanation Discussion, Analytical, Exposition, Hortatotary Exposition, Peasuasif
- 4. • Instruction leaflet •Letter to / from friend • Public notice • Product label • Newspaper obituary • Poem • News report • Academic article • Postcard to/from friend • Business letter
- 5. • Writing isusually permanent and written text can’t usually be changed once they have been printed/written out. • A written text can communicate across time and space for as long as the particular language and writing system is still understood. • speech is usually transient, unless, recorded, and speakers can correct themselves and change their utterances as they go along. • Speech is usually used for immediate interactions.
- 6. Aspects of writtenand spoken language Written Spoken Planned Organized Trasactional Unplanned Less Structured Interactive
- 7. Speech and Writting ExplicitImplicit Implicitnessand explicitness will depend on what is being communicated to whom, rather than merely on whether the discourse is written or spoken. By Meaning
- 8. Speech and Writting DependentOn Context Speech (Using Deictic Expression) 1. What is that ? 2. Over there 3. This one it may mean “it is forbidden to ride” “park a bicycle here” or perhaps “all available bicycles already hired / sold”, depending on where the notice is located
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- 10. 1-Formality Examples: • A writtennote might say, "Would you like to go out to lunch? “ • The person who would write that note, might alternatively say, in person, "You wanna go out for lunch? "
- 11. Written : I wentto Bali last Year. Spoken : I go to Bali last year. 2-Grammatically
- 12. 3-Vocabulary & Sentences •Oral communication uses words with fewer syllables than the written language. • Written English consists of neat, correct sentences. • Speech usually consists of idea units.
- 13. Examples of WrittenLanguage
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- 16. Dear Simon, Thanks foryour letter and the papers. I too was sorry we didn't get the chance to continue our conversation on the train. My journey wasn't so bad, and I got back about nine. (Author's data 1989) Letter
- 17. Between written andspoken language have a message to the reader or listener, understand about contain the text and conversation. We treat written and spoken language as of equal importance. Both of them are part of the language.