Digital signature
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Digital signatures provide authentication of digital documents through encryption with a private key. They offer advantages over physical signatures like non-repudiation and integrity verification by checking that the document contents have not changed. Digital signatures are created by running a hash function over a message to generate a message digest, then encrypting the digest with a private key. They can be used for a variety of applications including e-voting, online money transfers, and filing government forms electronically.
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Digital Signature Certificate
This document proposes a new method for obtaining digital signatures using an RSA algorithm. It introduces digital signatures and their features. The existing RSA algorithm and the proposed multiple integer RSA algorithm are described. The software, hardware, and working applications to generate and view signatures are outlined. Test results showing the proposed method has faster execution times are presented. The document concludes the proposed method authenticates identity and ensures integrity while providing high security. Future work to improve digital signature storage and replace external devices is discussed.
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Blind signature schemes allow a message to be signed without revealing the message contents to the signer. Dr. David Chaum introduced blind signatures in 1982 as a way to sign messages privately. In a blind signature, the message is "blinded" with a random factor before signing, then "unblinded" to reveal the signature. This allows signatures to be generated without the signer viewing the actual message. However, blind signatures also introduce security risks like blinding attacks if used improperly for encryption and signing with the same key.
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Digital signatures - A mathematical scheme for demonstrating the authenticity...
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Second presentation of Mike Dance's Cryptography series, it aims to provide an overview of digital signature and define the terminology used for digital signatures.
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Presented at the BitcoinSYD Meetup on 18 February 2015Digital signature schemes
This document discusses digital signature schemes. It begins by introducing cryptography and defining cryptosystems. It then describes private and public key cryptosystems. Digital signatures are introduced as a technique for non-repudiation based on public key cryptography. The properties and types of digital signatures are outlined, including direct and arbitrated signatures. Common digital signature standards like DSS, El Gamal, and RSA are then explained at a high level. The document concludes that digital signatures provide an effective mechanism for authenticity and non-repudiation of messages.
Dsa & Digi Cert
The document discusses digital signatures and the X.509 standard for digital certificates. It provides an overview of digital signature properties and types, the Digital Signature Standard (DSS) algorithm, X.509 certificate components and validation process, and authentication procedures defined in X.509 including one-way, two-way, and three-way authentication. It also covers certificate revocation lists and the use of extensions in X.509 version 3 certificates.
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This document provides an introduction to digital signatures, including an overview of encryption, hashing, digital signature creation and verification, and different digital signature schemes like RSA, ElGamal, and Schnorr. It also discusses the legal aspects and advantages/disadvantages of digital signatures.
Digital signature
A digital signature allows one to verify the identity of the sender of a message and that the message content has not been altered. It involves a key generation algorithm that produces a private key and public key pair. The signing algorithm uses the private key to generate a signature for a message. The signature verification algorithm uses the public key to verify the signature and authenticity of the message. Digital signatures provide security as long as the private key remains confidential to the owner.
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This ppt all about digital signature. In this PPT we cover about the Digital Signature and its Security Service provided by digital signature and different attack on digital signature. In this we also cover some digital signature schemes, including RSA algorithm and at the end some applications of digital signatures.
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This document summarizes public-key cryptography. It discusses how public-key cryptography uses unique public and private keys to encrypt and decrypt messages securely. It describes how public-key encryption allows a sender to encrypt a message with the recipient's public key, while only the recipient's private key can decrypt it. It also explains how digital signatures allow a sender to encrypt a message with their private key for authentication, while the recipient can decrypt it with the sender's public key to verify identity and integrity. The document notes some vulnerabilities of public-key cryptography like longer key sizes and man-in-the-middle attacks, and how certificate authorities help address these issues.
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Digital signatures provide authentication of digital messages or documents. There are three main algorithms involved: hashing, signature generation, and signature verification. Common digital signature schemes include ElGamal, Schnorr, and the Digital Signature Standard (DSS). The DSS is based on ElGamal and Schnorr schemes. It uses smaller signatures than ElGamal by employing two moduli, one smaller than the other. Digital signatures are widely used to provide authentication in protocols like IPSec, SSL/TLS, and S/MIME.Information and data security digital signatures
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The document discusses digital signatures, which provide authentication of electronic documents and messages. Digital signatures use public key cryptography, with each user having a unique private key and corresponding public key. To generate a digital signature, a document's hash value is encrypted with the sender's private key. Recipients can verify the signature by decrypting the hash with the sender's public key and comparing it to a newly generated hash of the received document. This allows confirmation of the sender's identity and ensures the document has not been altered. The document outlines the basic digital signature process and requirements for using digital signatures to authenticate electronic information.
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The document discusses digital signatures and how they work. It explains that a digital signature is an electronic signature that authenticates the identity of the sender and ensures the message has not been altered. It is generated by encrypting a message digest of the document with the sender's private key. This allows the recipient to decrypt the signature with the public key and verify that the message matches the original. The document then discusses how digital signatures can be made more efficient through the use of message digests, which provide a fingerprint of the data through a hash function. This allows signing just the digest rather than the entire message.
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Digital signatures serve the same purpose as handwritten signatures but are more secure. They authenticate the identity of the sender, ensure the original content of the message, and prevent repudiation through verifiability by third parties. Digital signatures are generated by using the sender's private key to encrypt a hash or digest of the message. The receiver can then decrypt the signature using the sender's public key and compare it to a newly generated hash to verify authenticity and integrity. Certification authorities issue digital certificates that associate public keys with identities to facilitate verification by receivers who may not personally know the sender.
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The document discusses digital signatures, including how they work using public key cryptography. Digital signatures provide authentication by allowing the signature to be verified using the signer's public key. The document outlines the differences between conventional and digital signatures and describes common digital signature schemes, public key encryption, digital certificates, certifying authorities, and methods for protecting private keys like hardware tokens and smart cards.
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RSA is a commonly used public key algorithm. It generates a public and private key pair, where the public key is used to encrypt messages and the private key decrypts them. Digital signatures authenticate messages using public key cryptography and allow message verification through signature validation.
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This document provides an overview of digital signatures, including:
- Digital signatures use asymmetric cryptography to authenticate digital messages and detect tampering.
- They employ key generation, signing, and verification algorithms.
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- Examples of arbitrated signature techniques include using symmetric encryption with a shared key between parties and arbiter, or public-key encryption so the arbiter cannot read messages.
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This document provides an overview of digital signatures, including how they work and their legal aspects. It discusses how encryption scrambles messages and digital signatures verify authorship and document integrity. Digital signatures use public/private key pairs, where the private key is unique to the signer. To create a digital signature, a hash of the message and private key is computed. Verification involves recomputing the hash with the public key and signature to validate authenticity. Digital signatures provide evidence of authorship, represent a legal ceremony of approval, and make documents more efficient to process.
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This document discusses the principles of public key cryptography. It begins by defining asymmetric encryption and how it uses a public key and private key instead of a single shared key. It then discusses key concepts like digital certificates and public key infrastructure. The document also provides examples of how public key cryptography can be used, including the RSA algorithm and key distribution methods like public key directories and certificates. It explains how public key cryptography solves the key distribution problem present in symmetric encryption.
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Digital signatures provide authenticity, integrity and non-repudiation to electronic documents by using public key infrastructure. Under PKI, each individual has a public/private key pair, and certification authorities verify and certify individuals' public keys. Digital signatures are generated by encrypting a document hash with an individual's private key and can be verified by decrypting with the corresponding public key.
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The document discusses digital signatures, including how they work, their history, applications, and legal status in India. A digital signature uses public and private keys to authenticate a message sender's identity and verify that the message was not altered. It explains how digital signature certificates are issued by certified authorities and associate an individual's identity with their public and private keys. The document also addresses frequently asked questions about digital signatures, such as how they provide security, who issues them, how long they are valid for, and their legal standing.
Digital signature
Digital signatures provide authentication, integrity, and non-repudiation for digital documents and messages. They work by using public key cryptography where a private key is used to sign a message hash and the corresponding public key can then verify that the signature is valid. Digital signatures are important for electronic transactions and communications where the identity of the sender and the integrity of the message need to be assured. However, digital signatures are only as secure as the private keys used to create them.
Digital Signature
Digital signatures provide authentication and integrity for electronic documents and transactions. They use public key cryptography where a document is encrypted with the sender's private key and decrypted by the recipient's public key. A digital certificate issued by a certificate authority binds the signer's identity to their public key and is verified using the CA's digital signature. Common uses of digital signatures include software updates, financial transactions, and legally binding documents.
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This document presents a cipher that encrypts text using substitution, columnar transposition, and rail-fence transposition techniques. The algorithm generates random numbers and words to select the encryption techniques and key, making it difficult to crack. It encrypts text by applying the techniques in a random order based on a random number. The key is derived from the message itself and appended to the encrypted text. This eliminates the need for a fixed key and facilitates key transmission, increasing security over previous algorithms.
F010243136
This document presents an improved asymmetric key encryption algorithm using MATLAB. It begins with an introduction to asymmetric key cryptography and the RSA cryptosystem. It then describes a modified RSA algorithm using multiple public and private keys to increase security. Next, it explains how to implement RSA using the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reduce computational time. The document implements the original, modified, and CRT-based RSA algorithms in MATLAB and analyzes computation time versus number of prime numbers. It concludes the modified and CRT-based approaches provide more security than the original RSA algorithm with reduced computational time.
An implementation of RSA policy
This project aims to evaluate and analyze the RSA algorithm as a security policy. The objective is to analyze conventional security policies, evaluate RSA, and perform performance analysis and measurement. The methodology uses random padding schemes as an outer layer of protection for the core RSA policy to make it unbreakable. It also aims to minimize computational complexity of RSA. The project implements RSA encryption and decryption in C++ and C# with a graphical user interface. It analyzes performance in Matlab and models the project using UML.
Watermarking of JPEG2000 Compressed Images with Improved Encryption
The need for copyright protection, ownership verification, and other issues for digital data are getting more and more interest nowadays. Among the solutions for these issues, digital watermarking techniques are used. A range of watermarking methods has been projected. Compression plays a foremost role in the design of watermarking algorithms. For a digital watermarking method to be effective, it is vital that an embedded watermark should be robust against compression. JPEG2000 is a new standard for image compression and transmission. JPEG2000 offers both lossy and lossless compression. The projected approach is used to execute a robust watermarking algorithm to watermark JPEG2000 compressed and encrypted images. For encryption it uses RC6 block cipher. The method embeds watermark in the compressed- encrypted domain and extraction is done in the decrypted domain. The proposal also preserves the confidentiality of substance as the embedding is done on encrypted data. On the whole 3 watermarking schemes are used: Spread Spectrum, Scalar Costa Scheme Quantization Index Modulation, and Rational Dither Modulation.
Paillier Cryptosystem
Presentation of functional and mathematical aspects of the homomorphic cryptosystem invented by Pascal Paillier.
Rsa Signature: Behind The Scenes
In this paper, we present a complete digital signature message stream, just the way the RSA digital
signature scheme does it. We will focus on the operations with large numbers due to the fact that operating
with large numbers is the essence of RSA that cannot be understood by the usual illustrative examples with
small numbers[1].
Js2517181724
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Js2517181724
The document describes the design of a custom cryptographic processor for implementing symmetric key operations. The processor is implemented on an FPGA using Verilog. It includes instruction units to perform logical operations, arithmetic operations, and finite field arithmetic needed for symmetric key algorithms like AES, Blowfish, RC5, RC6, IDEA. The processor is pipelined for high speed and includes modules for an ALU, control unit, registers, and multiplexers. Experimental results showed the processor operates at high speed with low area and delay compared to a general purpose processor.
Gpu workshop cluster universe: scripting cuda
The document discusses how scripting languages like Python, R, and MATLAB can be used to script CUDA and leverage GPUs for parallel processing. It provides examples of libraries like pyCUDA, rGPU, and MATLAB's gpuArray that allow these scripting languages to interface with CUDA and run code on GPUs. The document also compares different parallelization approaches like SMP, MPI, and GPGPU and levels of parallelism from nodes to vectors that can be exploited.
V design and implementation of network security using genetic algorithm
Abstract Over the last few years, Secured transmission of data has been a major issue in data communication. This project mainly concerns about the security of confidential information and data transmission using public key cryptography with Genetic Algorithm in order to provide confidentiality, authentication, integrity and non-repudiation of the messages. First, an algorithm is developed and implemented to generate a key pair (Private and public Key).A plain text is encrypted using the Public Key of receiver to produce an intermediate cipher. The intermediate cipher is again encrypted using genetic algorithm to produce final cipher. The final cipher first decrypted to produce the intermediate cipher which in turn decrypted to get the plain text using the Private key of the receiver or vice versa. Index Terms: Network Security, Genetic Algorithm
Design and implementation of network security using genetic algorithm
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Best C++ Programming Homework Help
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Chapter Eight(1)
The document discusses code generation techniques in compiler construction. It describes generating executable code from source code by using intermediate representations like three-address code and P-code. It covers generating code from syntax trees, implementing intermediate codes using data structures, and translating between different intermediate representations and target machine code.
Modified Golomb Code For Integer Representation
In this computer age, all the computer applications handle data in the form of text, numbers, symbols and combination of all of them. The primary objective of data compression is to reduce the size of data while data needs to be stored and transmitted in the digital devices. Hence, the data compression plays a vital role in the areas of data storage and data transmission. Golomb code, which is a variable-length integer code, has been used for text compression, image compression, video compression and audio compression. The drawback of Golomb code is that it requires more bits to represent large integers if the divisor is small. Alternatively, Golomb code needs more bits to represent small integers if the divisor is large. This paper proposes Modified Golomb Code based on Golomb Code, Extended Golomb Code to represent small as well as large integers compactly for the chosen divisor. In this work, as an application of Modified Golomb Code, Modified Golomb Code is used with Burrows-Wheeler transform for text compression. The performances of Golomb Code and Modified Golomb Code are evaluated on Calcary corpus dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed code provides better compression rate than Golomb code on an average. The performance of the proposed code is also compared with Extended Golomb Codes (EGC). The comparison results show that the proposed code achieves significant improvement for the binary files of Calgary corpus comparing to EGC.
Design and Implementation of Encoder for (15, k) Binary BCH Code Using VHDL a...
Abstract: In this paper we have designed and implemented(15, k) a BCH Encoder on FPGA using VHDL for reliable data transfers in AWGN channel with multiple error correction control. The digital logic implementation of binary encoding of multiple error correcting BCH code (15, k) of length n=15 over GF (24) with irreducible primitive polynomial x4+x+1 is organized into shift register circuits. Using the cyclic codes, the reminder b(x) can be obtained in a linear (15-k) stage shift register with feedback connections corresponding to the coefficients of the generated polynomial. Three encoder are designed using VHDL to encode the single, double and triple error correcting BCH code (15, k) corresponding to the coefficient of generated polynomial. Information bit is transmitted in unchanged form up to k clock cycles and during this period parity bits are calculated in the LFSR then the parity bits are transmitted from k+1 to 15 clock cycles. Total 15-k numbers of parity bits with k information bits are transmitted in 15 code word. Here we have implemented (15, 5, 3), (15, 7, 2) and (15, 11, 1) BCH code encoder on Xilinx Spartan 3 FPGA using VHDL and the simulation & synthesis are done using Xilinx ISE 13.3. BCH encoders are conventionally implemented by linear feedback shift register architecture. Encoders of long BCH codes may suffer from the effect of large fan out, which may reduce the achievable clock speed. The data rate requirement of optical applications require parallel implementations of the BCH encoders. Also a comparative performance based on synthesis & simulation on FPGA is presented. Keywords: BCH, BCH Encoder, FPGA, VHDL, Error Correction, AWGN, LFSR cyclic redundancy checking, fan out .
RSA & MD5 algorithm
The document discusses the RSA and MD5 algorithms. It provides an overview of how RSA works, including key generation, encryption, and decryption. It also explains the MD5 hashing algorithm and its use in ensuring data integrity. Both algorithms are commonly used in security and encryption applications.
Chapter Eight(2)
The document discusses code generation techniques in compiler construction. It covers generating code for control structures like if-statements and while-loops, as well as addressing techniques for data structures like arrays. Intermediate representations like three-address code and P-code are used. Label generation and back-patching allow jumps to not-yet defined code locations.
Computer graphics
The document provides an algorithm and sample program to implement Bresenham's circle drawing algorithm in C.
The algorithm reads the radius of the circle, initializes the starting points and decision variable, and then uses a do-while loop to plot pixels on the circle by incrementing x and conditionally incrementing or decrementing y based on the decision variable.
The sample program includes code to read the radius, initialize graphics mode, set starting points, and implement the do-while loop to plot pixels and delay between each pixel for visualization. It plots all four quadrants of the circle.
An35225228
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
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V design and implementation of network security using genetic algorithm
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Design and Implementation of Encoder for (15, k) Binary BCH Code Using VHDL a...
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Digital signature
- 2. Digital Signature1 Paper v/s Digital Signature2 Hash Function3 4 Area of application5 Overview Implementation
- 3. Digital Signature digital signature is a technique for establishing the origin of a particular message in order to settle later disputes about what message was sent. Hash value of a message when encrypted with the private key of a person is his digital signature on that e-Document.
- 4. LOGO Paper v/s Digital Signature Parameter Paper Electronic Authenticity May be forged Can not be copied Integrity Signature independent of the document Signature depends on the contents of the document Non- repudiation a. Handwriting expert needed b. Error prone a. Any computer user b. Error free V/s
- 5. Hash Function Hash function is a mathematical function that generally has the following three properties :- Condenses arbitrary long inputs into a fixed length output. Is one-way. It is hard to find two inputs with the same output.
- 7. Implementation Sender uses SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm) hash function to calculate a message digest (M). M=SHA(massage) Now generate digital signature using CRT-RSA algorithm with Modified Approach by BlÄomer, Otto and Seifert . Key generation :- 1. Select two distinct prime numbers p and q 2. Compute n = pq. 3. Compute euler’s phi totient, φ = (p-1)(q-1) 4. Select public key e < n such that gcd(e, phi)=1 5. Compute d = e^(-1) mod phi.
- 8. LOGO Implementation 6. Calculate t1 and t2 to compute mP = M^d mod pt1 and mQ = m^d mod qt2 such that a) gcd(t1,t2)=1. b) gcd(d,φ(t1))=gcd(d,φ(t2))=1. c) t1 and t2 are squarefree. d) ti#3 mod 4 for i@{1,2}. e) t2 doesn’t divide X= pt1*((pt1)^(-1) mod qt2), where pt1=p*t1 and qt2=q*t2. 7. Compute dP= d mod φ(pt1). 8. Compute dQ= d mod φ(qt2). 9. Compute et1 = dP^(-1) mod φ(t1). 10. Compute et2 = dQ^(-1) mod φ(t2). 11. Compute mP= M^(dP) mod pt1. 12. Compute mQ= M^(dQ) mod qt2.
- 9. LOGO9 7. Compute qt2Inv = qt2^(-1) mod pt1. 8. Compute h = (qt2Inv * (mP-mQ)) mod pt1. 9. Compute s= mQ+ h* qt2. 10. Compute c1=(M-(s^et1)+1) mod t2. 11. Compute c2=(M-(s^et2)+1) mod t1. 12. Return: Sig = (s^(c1*c2)) mod N ,if c1=c2=1; Error ,otherwise Implementation
- 10. LOGO10 Implementation Verification:- 1. Compute M’=Sig^e mod N. 2. Compare M and M’ ,where M is the hash of the received message. 3. If(M # M’) then accept.
- 11. LOGO Area of Application Issuing forms and licenses Filing tax returns online Online Government orders/treasury orders Registration Online file movement system Public information records E-voting Railway reservations & ticketing E-education Online money orders