This document compares and contrasts the traditional product approach to writing instruction with the process approach. The traditional approach has students mimic model texts, focuses on organization over ideas, and emphasizes the final product. The process approach focuses on varied classroom activities to develop language use like brainstorming and discussion, sees writing as multiple drafts, and emphasizes collaboration over the individual product. It can involve any number of stages from generating and organizing ideas to exchanging feedback on drafts.

1. BY,
EMMA MANTHOVANI BT NORMAN
HERNANEY BT ANSOM

2. This is a traditional approach.
Studentsare encouraged to
mimic/imitate a model text.
Usually presented and analysed
at an early stage.

3.  Organizationof ideas more important
than the ideas itself.
 Student
are required to produce a
complete piece of writing straight away
 Emphasis on end product

4. Stage 1
Model texts are read, and then features of the genre are
highlighted.
Stage 2
This consists of controlled practice of the highlighted features,
usually in isolation.
Stage 3
Organisation of ideas.
Stage 4
The end result of the learning process.

5. Focus more on the varied
classroom activities which
promote the development of
language use: brainstorming,
group discussion, re-writing.
 Can have any number of stages

6. Stage 1
Generating ideas by brainstorming and discussion.
Stage 2
Students extend ideas into note form, and judge quality and usefulness of ideas.
Stage 3
Students organise ideas into a mind map, spidergram, or linear form.
Stage 4
Students write the first draft. This is done in class and frequently in pairs or groups.
Stage 5
Drafts are exchanged, so that students become the readers of each other's work.
Stage 6
Drafts are returned and improvements are made based upon peer feedback.
Stage 7
A final draft is written.
Stage 8
Students once again exchange and read each other's work and perhaps even write a response or reply.

7. Process writing Product writing
text as a resource for imitate model text
comparison organisation of ideas
ideas as starting point more important than
more than one draft ideas themselves
more global, focus on one draft
purpose, theme, text features highlighted
type, i.e., reader is including controlled
emphasised practice of those
collaborative features
individual