Diaspora
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This document provides an overview of the key concepts in diaspora literature. It begins by defining diaspora as the displacement of a community into a new geographical and cultural region. It then discusses two main moves in diasporic writing: the spatial move involving de-territorialization and re-territorialization, and the temporal move of looking back to the past and forward to the future. Several diasporic authors and their works are listed. The features of diasporic culture include themes of memory, alienation in the new society, and connection to the homeland. Three overarching themes are identified: nostalgia and imaginary homelands, hybrid identities, and globalization. Examples from authors Margaret Atwood
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Thousands of people will gather in Delhi on 9 January 2003, to discuss the potential of a global community of Indians, to rejuvenate the bonds among overseas Indians, and to sensitize India about their issues and concerns. This is likely to be a terrific event. Yet, after the music is over and the speeches are made, after the awards are presented and friends united, there will remain the question that will only be answered one transaction at a time in the years to come: What is the economic and social basis for a sustainable partnership between India and its diaspora, and for a valuable network amongst the diaspora?
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Literary criticism
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Vol.9 (2002),15, 5 - 18DIAS.docx
Vo
l.9
(2
00
2)
,1
5
,
5
- 1
8
DIASPORIC
COMMUNICATION:
TRANSNATIONAL
CULTURAL PRACTICES AND
COMMUNICATIVE SPACES
Abstract
This article follows the process of development of
academic debate and interest in the concept of
diaspora and attempts to situate it within current
analyses of postmodernity and globalisation as well as
within developments in cultural studies and social
anthropology. Drawing upon the theoretical conceptuali-
sations of diasporas within these fields, the article is
suggesting that diasporic cultural practices constitute
ways of “imagination,” of “institution” of “spaces” that
often extend beyond the boundaries of place, of
articulation of “imagined” and “encountered” com-
munity and of senses of belonging that straddle the
“local versus global” and divide and, in the process,
redefine locality and “the global.” Crucial in such
processes is the development of the “diasporic media
spaces” that are increasingly in evidence in trans-
national and local settings. The article suggests that
such spaces of negotiation and exchange are incre-
asingly becoming sites where conflicting claims of
belonging as well as common frameworks of identity
and solidarity coexist and become articulated.
SHEHINA FAZAL
ROZA
TSAGAROUSIANOU
Shehina Fazal is a Principal
Lecturer at the University
of North London, e-mail:
[email protected]
Roza Tsagarousianou is a
Senior Lecturer at the
Centre for Communication
and Information Studies,
University of Westminster,
e-mail:
[email protected]
6
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theoretical and conceptual contexts of the theorisation and understanding of mo-
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Diaspora
- 2. Overview of the Presentation 1) Diaspora? 2) Diasporic Writing? 3) What is Temporal and Spatial Move in diasporic literature? 4) Diasporic authors and their books. 5) Features and themes of Diasporic Culture/Literature . 6) Them of Nostalgia, memory, Imaginary homelands with example, lost home has two main forms in diasporic literature. (i) ‘Home’ and the poetics of ‘return’ (ii) Dislocation, relocation, memo- realization
- 3. The word Diaspora derives from the Greek word meaning “to disperse”. Diaspora is simply the displacement of a community/culture into another geographical and cultural region. Robin Cohen defines: Diaspora as “communities living together in one country who acknowledge that the old country – a nation often buried deep in language, religion custom or folklore- always has some claim on their loyalty and emotion … a member’s adherence to a diasporic community is demonstrated by an acceptance of an inescapable link with their pass migration history and a sense of co-ethnicity with others of similar background” Diaspora?
- 4. 2. Spatial Move? The spatial move involves two things: de-territorialization (the loss of territory. It is both geographical and cultural) and a re-teritorialization (restructuring of a place or territory that has experienced de-territorialization 1. Temporal Move? The temporal move is looking back at the past (analepsis) and looking forward at the future (prolepsis). Meena Alexander defines as; “writing in search of a homeland” Diasporic writing Two main moves in diasporic writing;
- 5. Diasporic authors and their books An Area of Darkness (Naipaul) The Rainbow (Hanif Kurishi) The Famished Road (Ben Okri), The Nowhere Man (Markandaya) Brick Lane (Monica Ali) The House of a Thousand Doors (Alexander) The Calcutta Chromosome (Ghosh).
- 6. Features of Diasporic Culture/Literature would Include: The shift, Contrast, and relation between centre and periphery The memory - details of childhood landscapes, historical events, people The sense of alienation in new society/culture/land Features of homeland- language /rituals, forms of behavior Reclamation of history of the homeland and childhood spaces Ambivalence between seeking acceptance/assimilation in the new cultures
- 7. The previous features and themes can be reorganized following three themes: 1) Nostalgia, memory, Imaginary homelands 2) Hybridities and new identities 3) Globalization and cosmopolitanism
- 8. Nostalgia, memory, Imaginary homelands Exile and displacement narratives frequently combine a sense of disquiet with their nostalgia and longing. For example: Margaret Atwood writes. “Ii is my clothes, my way of walking, The things I carry in my hand ……………………………….. This space cannot hear”
- 9. (i)‘Home’ and the poetics of ‘return’ Meena Alexander writes in Manhattan Music (1997) ‘She [Sandhya] kept returning to her childhood home, a house with a red-tiled roof and a sandy courtyard where the mulberry bloomed’ “Did my uncles ride on camels?.. Did my cousins, so like me in other ways, squat down in the sand like little Mowglis, half-naked and eating with their fingers? .... Sories to help me see my place in world and give me a sense the past which could go into making a life in the present and the future. Hanif Kurishi mentions in his essay ‘The Ranbow’ as; Hanif KurishiMeena Alexander