The document discusses dialysis machines, which act as artificial kidneys for patients experiencing renal failure, utilizing hemodialysis to cleanse blood. It traces the history of dialysis back to Dr. Willem Kolff, who invented the first dialyzer in 1943, and explains the machine's components, principles, advantages, and disadvantages. Key points include the process of blood filtration and the challenges faced by patients regarding diet and fluid intake.

1. DIALYZER
By
SATHISHKUMAR G
(sathishsak111@gmail.com)

2. Contents :
• Introduction
• History
• Dialyzer
• Components
• Principle
• Working
• Structure
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Application

3. Introduction
• Overview dialysis machines are artificial kidney that
perform most, but not all, kidney function for patients
who have permanent or temporary renal failure
• The machine use HEMODIALYSIS to cleanse the blood
and balance its constituents.

4. History
 Dr .Willem KOLFF is considered the father of dialysis
 This young Dutch physician constructed the first
dialyzer (artificial kidney) in 1943.
 The road to Willem KOLFF’S creation of an artificial
kidney began in the late 1930
 When he was working in a small ward at the university
of Groningen hospital in the Netherlands.

5. Dialyzer
 In HEMO DIALYSIS, blood is removing from the body
and filtered through a man made membrane called a
dialyzer or artificial kidney and then the filtered
blood is returned o the body.
The average person has about 10 to 12 pints of blood
during dialysis only one pint (about two cups ) is
outside of the body at a time

7. Components
 A dialyzer is composed of a dialysis membrane and
supporting structure three or four components.
 Blood compartment.
 DIALYSATE compartment.
 Semi permeable membrane separating (1)and(20).
 Membrane support structure .

8. Principle
Dialysis work on the principle of the
diffusion of solutes and ultra filtration of fluid across a
SEMI PERMEABLE MEMBARANE .

10. Working
 The dialysis machine mixes and monitors the
DIALYSATE. DIALYSATE is the fluid that helps remove
the unwanted waste products from your blood .
 It also HEPLS get your electrolytes and minerals to
their proper levels in your body.
 The machine also monitors the flow of your blood
while it outside of your body .

11. structure

13. Advantages :
 Easy to cleaning and disinfecting
 The device has flow rate of blood UPTO 600 ml/min .
 Fluid exchanges batteries because to provide
uninterruptable power supply .

14. Disadvantages
• HEMODOIALYSIS IS ASSOCITED with a restriction
in the intake of fluid and dietary CHANGES,WHICH
may be difficult for some people to adjust to.
• The reuse of dialyzer is associated with environment
contamination
• Allergic reaction residual chemical infusion (rebound
release)

15. Application
 In medicine, dialysis is a process for removing waste
and excess water from he blood and in used primarily a
as an artificial replacement for lost kidney functions in
people with kidney failure .

16. Thank you

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