1. Somogyi effect occurs when periods of hypoglycemia are followed by rebound hyperglycemia due to epinephrine release. It can be diagnosed with a blood sugar around 2-3 am and treated by decreasing evening insulin doses or increasing bedtime snacks. 2. Dawn phenomenon is a normal increase in blood glucose around 4-8 am caused by nocturnal growth hormone release. It can be treated by increasing evening insulin doses or moving supper insulin to bedtime. 3. Acute complications of diabetes include hypoglycemia, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome (HHS).