The document discusses various topics related to economics and development, including: 1. It defines development and lists its three main objectives: fulfilling basic needs, improving standard of living, and increasing choices. 2. It discusses different groups' developmental goals, such as more work/wages, education, freedom of choice. 3. It explains that countries can be compared based on factors like per capita income, literacy rate, and net attendance ratio, not just income. 4. Sustainable development aims to meet present needs without compromising the future by judiciously using natural resources.

1. DEVELOPMENT
Economics
SST
MADE BY :- DEWANG
CLASS :- Xth B

2. INDEX
01
02
03
04
Goals of Development
National Development
Comparison of Countries
Public Facilities, BMI, HDI
05 Sustainable Development

3. What does development mean?
Development is a broader term than growth. It doesn’t simply mean
evolving, but also means continuous improvement in situation of the
people involved.
In society, development broadly has three objectives:
1. Enhanced fulfillment of basic needs such as, food, clothing and shelter.
2. Improvement in the “Standard of Living”. This refers to better job,
income, education, health care, etc.
3. More choices available in social and economic aspects of life. For
instance, the ability to choose between jobs after a good graduation
degree from an esteemed college can be termed as development for
youth.

4. DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS OF DIFFERENT
CATEGORIES OF PERSONS
01
02
03
04
More days of work and better wages, quality
education for children, no social
discrimination.
Landless rural labourers
Assured a high family income through
higher support prices for their crops and
through hardworking and cheap
labourers.
.
Prosperous farmers from Punjab
Regular jobs, better wages, social security
etc.
.
Urban unemployed youth
She gets as much freedom as her
brother and is able to decide what she
wants to do in life.
A girl from a rich urban family

5. INCOME AND OTHER GOALS

6. In other words, they want more income.
One common thing: what people desire are regular work, better wages,
and decent price for their crops or other products that theyproduce.

7. Materialistic Goals
(That can be bought by money)
Non- Materialistic Goals
(That can’t be bought by money)
Equal treatment and
Freedom
Friendship and Love
Security, and Respect

9. It is very important to keep in mind
that different persons could have
different as well as conflicting notions
of a country’s development.
However, can all the ideas be considered
equally important?
Before any step towards national
Development, we have to think: Would the
idea benefit a everyone or only a small group?

10. National development refers to the ability of
the country to improvethe social welfare of the
people and improve their living standard.
This can be done through various ways. For
example,
1.Educating the poor
2.Providing facilities
3.Portable water
4. Transportation etc

11. HOW TO COMPARE DIFFERENT
COUNTRIES OR STATES?

12. Countries with higher income are more developed
than others with less income. This is based on the
understanding that more income means more of
all things that human beings need.

13. AVERAGE INCOME OR PER CAPITAINCOME
Per capita income or average income is defined as
the total income of the country divided by total
population of the country.
World Bank classifies the countries on the basis of their average income.

14. $1,035
Underdeveloped
Countries : Low
Income
Countries :
$12,616
. Developed
Countries : Rich
Countries
$1,530
Developing
Countries : low
middle income
countries .
WORLD DEVELOPMENT REPORT

15. Disadvantages of Average Income:
It doesn't take other important things in
account such as Literacy Rate, Infant Mortality
Rate, etc.
It is dependent upon the size of
population,
It doesn’t take Regional differences
in income in account.
It doesn't talk about income distribution in
a country. Gap between rich and poor.

16. Preferred because it
has more equitable
distribution
Citizens are
poor, one
person is rich

17. INCOME AND OTHER CRITERIAS

18. Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): Indicates the number
of children that die before the age of one year as a
proportion of 100 live children born in that particular
year
Net Attendance Ratio: The total number of children
of age group 14 and 15 years attending school as a
percentage of total number of children in the same
age group.

19. Highest in the respective category

20. All the data given in the past few slides shows us that just
per capita income is not a useful measure to determine
development of a region.
Thus, in assessing development of any state or nation, all
the other factors should be given equal consideration.

21. PUBLIC FACILITIES

22. PUBLIC FACILITIES are those basic facilities which are
provided to all citizens by the government for their well being
and overall development. Such as education, health, security,
transport, food, etc.

23. WHY DO WE NEED PUBLIC FACILITIES?
03
02
01
All citizens are not equal in a nation.
Some are capable to afford basic facilities
but some are not.
Even if a person has income to suffice
his needs,sometimes they too cannot afford
certain facilities.
Without them, the nation can suffer from
inadequate Healthcare, poor nutrition job,
education etc.

24. Moreover, for many of the important things in life the best way, also the
cheapest way, is to provide these goods and services collectively.
For e.g. It is cheaper to have collective
security for the whole locality or for each
house to have its own security man?

25. Kerala has a low Infant Mortality Rate
because it has adequate provision of basic
health and educational facilities.
Similarly, in some states, the Public
Distribution System (PDS) functions well.
Health and nutritional status of people of
such states is certainly likely to be better.

26. Body Mass Index

27. Body mass index (BMI) is a value derived from the mass
and height of a person.
Universal SI Unit of BMI- Kg/m
• For Instance:
1. Ideal weight of 14 years Girl: 18.5 and 24.9
2. Ideal weight of 14 years Boy : 18.5 and 24.9

28. India occupies 131st Rank as per
2019 Report.
Life
Expectancy Index
Education
Index
Gross national
Income Index
HDR published by UNDP (United
Nations Development Programme)
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT

30. SUSTAINABILITY OF DEVELOPMENT

31. Sustainable development is a concept which takes
care of the needs of the present generation without
compromising on the need of future generations. It
involves judicious use of natural resources.

32. 03
02
01
All citizens are not equal in a nation.
Some are capable to afford basic facilities
but some are not.
Even if a person has income to suffice
his needs,sometimes they too cannot afford
certain facilities.
Without them, the nation can suffer from
inadequate Healthcare, poor nutrition job,
education etc.
WHY DO WE NEED TO SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT ?

33. Groundwater is a renewable resource
But its overuse is particularly found in the
agriculturally prosperous regions of Punjab and
Western U.P., hard rock plateau areas of central and
south India, some coastal areas and the rapidly
growing urban settlements.
Till now there has been a decline of 61% of ground
water in India.

35. ● Consequences of environmental degradation do not respect
national or state boundaries
● This issue is no longer region or nation specific.
● Our future is linked together.

37. If industrialists want more dams then why do local
people resist it?
A. Local people will be displaced
B. Local people lands will be submerged
C. Local people will have no source of
earning
D. All of the above

38. If industrialists want more dams then why do local
people resist it?
A. Local people will be displaced
B. Local people lands will be submerged
C. Local people will have no source of
earning
D. All of the above

39. Which of the following neighbouring country of
India has higher HDI rank than India?
A. Sri Lanka
B. Nepal
C. Pakistan
D. None of the above

40. Which of the following neighbouring country of
India has higher HDI rank than India?
A. Sri Lanka
B. Nepal
C. Pakistan
D. None of the above

41. The per capita income of different countries is
counted in which currency?
A. Rupees
B. Pounds
C. US Dollars
D. Euro

42. The per capita income of different countries is
counted in which currency?
A. Rupees
B. Pounds
C. US Dollars
D. Euro

43. Which of the following factors are important for
development other than income?
A. Per Capita Income
B. Literacy
C. Net Attendance Ratio
D. All of the above

44. Which of the following factors are important for
development other than income?
A. Per Capita Income
B. Literacy
C. Net Attendance Ratio
D. All of the above

45. The total number of children attending school as
a percentage of total number of children in the
same age group is called?
A. Net attendance ratio
B. Literacy rate
C. Gross Enrolment ratio
D. Level of education

46. The total number of children attending school as
a percentage of total number of children in the
same age group is called?
A. Net attendance ratio
B. Literacy rate
C. Gross Enrolment ratio
D. Level of education

47. Assertion: Non-renewable resources are abundant in nature
Reason: Non-renewable resources can be replenished over a
period of time.
A. Both A & R are true and R is correct
explanation of A
B. Both A & R are true, but R is not
the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. Both A & R are false

48. Assertion: Non-renewable resources are abundant in nature
Reason: Non-renewable resources can be replenished over a
period of time.
A. Both A & R are true and R is correct
explanation of A
B. Both A & R are true, but R is not
the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. Both A & R are false

49. Assertion: Different people have different developmental goals.
Reason: The capitalist approach to development is detrimental to
poor section of the society.
A. Both A & R are true and R is correct
explanation of A
B. Both A & R are true, but R is not
the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. Both A & R are false

50. A. Both A & R are true and R is correct
explanation of A
B. Both A & R are true, but R is not
the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. Both A & R are false
Assertion: Different people have different developmental goals.
Reason: The capitalist approach to development is detrimental to
poor section of the society.

51. Assertion: Since the second half of the 20th century, scientists have been
warning that the type and levels of development are not sustainable.
Reason: In the name of development, natural resources are exploited at a
fast rate leading to their depletion.
A. Both A & R are true and R is correct
explanation of A
B. Both A & R are true, but R is not
the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. Both A & R are false

52. Assertion: Since the second half of the 20th century, scientists have been
warning that the type and levels of development are not sustainable.
Reason: In the name of development, natural resources are exploited at a
fast rate leading to their depletion.
A. Both A & R are true and R is correct
explanation of A
B. Both A & R are true, but R is not
the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. Both A & R are false

53. Dividing the total income of country with it population, we get:
1.Per-Capita Income
2.National Income
3.Average Income
4.Total Income
A.Only III
B.I & III
C.All of these
D.None of these

54. A.Only III
B.I & III
C.All of these
D.None of these
Dividing the total income of country with it population, we get:
1.Per-Capita Income
2.National Income
3.Average Income
4.Total Income

55. The literacy rate is highest in Kerala while the Infant
Mortality Rate is highest in Bihar.
In relation to this information which statement is true?
A. Most of the people in Kerala and Bihar have
good living conditions
B. Both Bihar and Kerala lack basic necessities
of life
C. The standard of living in Kerala is better than
Bihar
D. The standard of living in Bihar is better than
Kerala

56. The literacy rate is highest in Kerala while the Infant
Mortality Rate is highest in Bihar.
In relation to this information which statement is true?
A. Most of the people in Kerala and Bihar have
good living conditions
B. Both Bihar and Kerala lack basic necessities
of life
C. The standard of living in Kerala is better than
Bihar
D. The standard of living in Bihar is better than
Kerala

57. is an example of renewable resource.
A. Petroleum
B. Crude Oil
C. Groundwater
D. Coal Resources

58. is an example of renewable resource.
A. Petroleum
B. Crude Oil
C. Groundwater
D. Coal Resources

59. A single major reason for more drop out ratio
in Bihar is:
A. Poverty
B. Illiteracy
C. High Income
D. Low IMR

60. A single major reason for more drop out ratio
in Bihar is:
A. Poverty
B. Illiteracy
C. High Income
D. Low IMR

61. What is the full form of PDS?
A. Public Development System
B. Public Distribution System
C. Public Division System
D. Public Discussion System

62. What is the full form of PDS?
A. Public Development System
B. Public Distribution System
C. Public Division System
D. Public Discussion System

63. Which of the following statement defines
Sustainable Development?
A. Sustainable use of natural resources without
considering the need of the future generation
B. Present generation fulfils its needs while
considering the needs of the future generation
as well
C. Utilization of natural resources by the past,
present and forthcoming future generation
D. To meet the needs of the future generations
even if the needs of the present generation go
unmet

64. Which of the following statement defines
Sustainable Development?
A. Sustainable use of natural resources without
considering the need of the future generation
B. Present generation fulfils its needs while
considering the needs of the future generation
as well
C. Utilization of natural resources by the past,
present and forthcoming future generation
D. To meet the needs of the future generations
even if the needs of the present generation go
unmet

65. THANK YOU
For Your Attention