The document discusses the differences between growth and development. Development involves overall progressive changes in an organism, includes growth, and is influenced by both heredity and environment. Growth can be measured accurately but development is subjective. Development also refers to improving life through essential needs, equality, and cooperation. Development goals differ for individuals and communities, and what constitutes development can conflict between groups. A variety of economic and social factors beyond just income are used to analyze and compare development between countries and states.

1. Created by : Lalitha Kulbhushan
St.Montfort senior sec school

2. DEVELOPMENT

3. DEVELOPMENT
Difference between growth and
development :
Growth is physical changes whereas
development is overall development of the
organism. The main differences between
both are-
(1) Growth is change of physical aspects of
the organism. Development is overall
changes and progressive changes of the
organism.

4. DEVELOPMENT
Difference between growth and
development :
(2)Development also includes growth.
Growth is a part of development.
(3) Growth and development go side by side.
(4) Growth and development is the joint
product of heredity and environment.
(5) Growth is quantitative and development
is qualitative in nature.

5. DEVELOPMENT
Difference between growth and
development :
(6)Growth can be measured accurately but
development is subjective interpretation of
one’s change.

6. DEVELOPMENT
Meaning of development : It is a process
of change for a better life.Development
involves thinking about
a) The essential things that we require
b) How life can be better for all
c) How people should live together
d) Can there be more equality

7. DEVELOPMENT
WHAT DEVELOPMENT PROMISES –
DIFFERENT PEOPLE, DIFFERENT GOALS:
1. People seek things that are most important
for them, i.e., that which can fulfill their
aspirations or desires.
2. In fact, at times, two persons or groups of
persons may seek things which are
conflicting.

8. DEVELOPMENT
WHAT DEVELOPMENT PROMISES –
DIFFERENT PEOPLE, DIFFERENT GOALS:
3. So two things are quite clear:
(i) Different persons can have different
developmental goals.
(ii) What may be developement for one may
not be development for the other. It may even
be destructive for the other.

9. DEVELOPMENT
WHAT DEVELOPMENT PROMISES –
DIFFERENT PEOPLE, DIFFERENT GOALS:
3. So two things are quite clear:
(i) Different persons can have different
developmental goals.
(ii) What may be developement for one may
not be development for the other. It may even
be destructive for the other.

10. DEVELOPMENT
What are developmental goals : These are
the aspirations and desires of the people.They
are different for different individuals.What
may be development for one may not be
development for the other.
E.g. One student may prefer to take up science
stream after class 10 and becoming a
doctor,the second one may prefer to take up
IIT and third one prefers to take up commerce
stream and becoming a business analyst or an
economist.

11. DEVELOPMENTWhat are developmental goals

12. DEVELOPMENT
INCOME AND OTHER GOALS:
1. Regular income or wealth is the need of
every individual for which they are toiling
hard every day.
2.But apart from income people also seek
things like equal treatment, freedom,
security, and respect for others.
3. In some cases, these may be more
important than more income or more
consumption because material goods are not
all that you need to live.

13. DEVELOPMENT
INCOME AND OTHER GOALS:
4. Money, or material things that one can buy
with it, is one of the factors on which our life
depends but the non-material things are also
important in everbody’s life.
5. There are many things that are not easily
measured but they mean a lot to our lives.
These are often ignored.
6. However, it would be wrong to conclude
that what cannot be measured is not
important.

14. DEVELOPMENT
NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT:
The term national development is very
comprehensive. It includes all aspects of the
life of an individual and the nation.
It is holistic in approach. It is a process of
reconstruction and development in various
dimensions of a nation and development of
individuals.

15. DEVELOPMENT
NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT:
1. It is very important to keep in mind that
different persons could have different as
well as conflicting notions of a country’s
development
2. National development means thinking
about fair and just path for all
individuals,as well as dealing with the
better way of doing things.

16. DEVELOPMENT

17. DEVELOPMENT
HOW TO COMPARE DIFFERENT
COUNTRIES OR STATES?
1. For comparing countries, their income is
considered to be one of the most important
attributes.
2. Countries with higher income are more
developed than others with less income.

18. DEVELOPMENT
HOW TO COMPARE DIFFERENT
COUNTRIES OR STATES?
4. The income of the country is the income of
all the residents of the country. This gives us
the total income of the country.
Hence this total income can also be called as
the National income of the country…

19. DEVELOPMENT
HOW TO COMPARE DIFFERENT
COUNTRIES OR STATES?
National income of a country means
National income means the value of goods
and services produced by a country during
a financial year. Thus, it is the net result of all
economic activities of any country during a
period of one year and is valued in terms
of money.

20. DEVELOPMENT

21. DEVELOPMENT

22. DEVELOPMENT

23. DEVELOPMENT

24. DEVELOPMENT

25. DEVELOPMENT

26. DEVELOPMENT
HOW TO COMPARE DIFFERENT
COUNTRIES OR STATES?
In World Development Report brought out by the
World Bank
Countries with per capita income of USD 12736 per
annum and above in 2013, are called rich countries
and those with per capita income of USD 1570 or
less are called low-income countries.
India comes in the category of low middle-income
countries because its per capita income in 2013 was
just US$1570 per income.

27. DEVELOPMENT

28. DEVELOPMENT
INCOME AND OTHER CRITERIA :
When we think of a nation or a region,
besides average income, public facilities are
equally significant attributes.
Public Facilities:
1. These are the services provided by the
government to its citizens. Some of the
important public facilities include
infrastructure, sanitation, public transport,
health care, water, etc.

29. DEVELOPMENT
INCOME AND OTHER CRITERIA :
2.Public facilities are basically provided by
the govt to fulfilled the needs of atleast of a
group or community.
3. For e.g Basic health care
facilities,educational facilities,Ration shops
are some examples of public facilities.

30. DEVELOPMENT
INCOME AND OTHER CRITERIA :
4. But many times common people don’t get these
facilities resulting in to various problems such as
health and nutritional problems in such
areas.These nutritional deficiencies are assessed
through a tool called as BMI or body mass index

31. DEVELOPMENT
INCOME AND OTHER CRITERIA :
BODY MASS INDEX(BMI)
1.Lack of quality food leads to undernourished
adults
2.BMI is calculated by dividing the total weight in
Kg to square of height in meters.
3. If BMI is less than 18.5 then it signifies as
undernourished.
4. If BMI is more than 25 then it is overweight
5. This criteria is not applicable to growing children

32. DEVELOPMENT

33. DEVELOPMENT
INCOME AND OTHER CRITERIA :
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX(HDI)
HDI is s measure of economic development and
economic welfare.
1. Human development report is published by UNDP.
2. This report compare the countries on the basis of per
capita income,health facilities and educational
facilities.
3. UNDP assigns rank to the different countries based
on the comparison
4. This rank is called human development Index
5. HDI index of India is 136 out of 177 total countries in
2013

34. DEVELOPMENT
INCOME AND OTHER CRITERIA :

35. DEVELOPMENT
INCOME AND OTHER CRITERIA :

36. DEVELOPMENT
INCOME AND OTHER CRITERIA :
STATE PER CAPITA INCOME OF SELECTED
STATES FOR 2015 -16 (In Rs)
Haryana
Kerala
Bihar
1,62,034
1,40,190
31,454
According to the above table Haryana has the
highest per capita income and Bihar is at the
bottom.If we use per capita income only as the
criteria then Haryana will be considered more
developed than Kerala but there are some
other criteria’s which also decides the
development of any country or state.

37. DEVELOPMENT
INCOME AND OTHER CRITERIA :
State Infant mortality rate per
1,000 live births(2016)
Literacy rate
% (2011)
Net attendance ratio (per 100
persons)age 14 to 15 yrs
Haryana 33 82 61
Kerala 10 94 83
Bihar 38 62 43
If we go through the above table we can analyze that Haryana has
more infant mortality rate in comparison to that of Kerala and less
literacy rate as well as net attendance ratio. Thus Haryana has
more average income than Kerala but lags in crucial areas and the
reason is “Money in your pocket can not buy all the goods and
services that you may need to live well”.Hence income by itself is
not a adequate indicator to conclude any country or state to be
declared as developed or under developed.

38. DEVELOPMENT
INCOME AND OTHER CRITERIA :
Explanation of some terms used in the above table :
Infant mortality rate (IMR) : It indicates the number of
children that die before the age of as a proportion of
1,000 live children born in that particular year.
Literacy rate : It measures that the proportion of literate
population in the 7 and above age group.
Net attendance ratio : It is the total number of children of
age group 14 and 15 years attending school as a
percentage of total number of children in the same age
group.

39. DEVELOPMENT
INCOME AND OTHER CRITERIA :

40. DEVELOPMENT
If we go through the above table its surprising
that a small country in our neighbourhood
Sri Lanka is much ahead of India in every
respect and a big country like us has low
rank in the world.
This is just becoz they are focussing more on
human development apart from per capita
income which gives a long run benefits.

41. DEVELOPMENT

42. DEVELOPMENT
SUSTAINABILITY OF DEVELOPMENT :

43. DEVELOPMENT
SUSTAINABILITY OF DEVELOPMENT :
Sustainable development is defined as
development that meets the needs of the present
without compromising the ability of future
generations. Scientists have been warning that the
some of the levels of development are not
sustainable. Some of the examples are:
Overuse of ground water
Exhaustion of natural resources

44. DEVELOPMENT

45. DEVELOPMENT

46. DEVELOPMENT

47. DEVELOPMENT

48. DEVELOPMENT

49. DEVELOPMENT

50. DEVELOPMENT

51. DEVELOPMENT

52. DEVELOPMENT