This document discusses different aspects of development including definitions, goals, and metrics. It defines development as a process of growth and maturity. National development aims to provide a fair path for all citizens and considers factors beyond just income like public facilities, health, infrastructure, and environment. Countries are often compared based on average income (GDP per capita) but other metrics like the Human Development Index (HDI) that considers education, living standards, and health are also important measures. The document cautions that development must be sustainable and not compromise the ability of future generations to meet their needs.

2. INTRODUCTION
 Development is the process in which something grows
,becomes more mature and advanced.
1. The idea of development or progress has always been with us.
2. We have aspirations or desires about what we would like to do and how
we would like to live.
3. In this chapter, we shall make a beginning for understanding
development.
4. It is only through a democratic political process that these hopes and
possibilities can be achieved in real life

3. EXAMPLE OF DEVELOPMENT

4.  Different people canhave different developmental
goals

5.  What may be development for one may not be
development for the other person. It may even be
destructive for the other.

6.  People want more income. Money, or material
things that one can buy with it, is one factor on
which our life depends. However, the quality of our
life also depends on non-material things such as
equal treatment, freedom, security and respect for
others. For development, people look at a mix of
goals. The developmental goals are not only about
better income but also about other important things
in life.

7. NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
 It is very important to keep in mind that different
persons could have different as well as conflicting
notions of a country’s development.
 National development means thinking about fair
and just path for all, whether there is a better way of
doing things.

8. EXAMPLE

9. How to compare different states
or country ?
 To compare countries, their income is considered to be one
of the most important attributes. Countries with higher
income are more developed than others with less income.
As different countries have different populations,
comparing total income will not tell us what an average
person earns. So, we compare the average income of
countries.
 Average income is the total income of the country divided
by its total population. It is also called per capita income.
 Average Income = Total Income of Country / Total
Population of Country

10. PER CAPITA INCOME OF
SELECTED STATES

11. INCOME AND OTHER CRITERIA
 When we think of a nation or a region, besides average
income, public facilities are equally significant
attributes.
 Public Facilities: These are the services provided by
the government to its citizens. Some of the important
public facilities include infrastructure, sanitation,
public transport, health care, water, etc.

12. FEATURES OF PUBLIC FACILITIES
 1. Money in your pocket cannot buy all the goods and
services that you may need to live well.
 2. Income by itself is not a completely adequate
indicator of material goods and services that citizens
are able to use.
 3. Normally, your money cannot buy the pollution-free
environment or ensure that you get unadulterated
medicines unless you can afford to shift to a
community that already has all these things.
 4. Money may also not be able to protect you from
infectious disease unless the whole of your community
takes preventive steps.

13. BMI
 BMI is used to determine a person's weight in regard
to his height which as a result shows whether a
person is underweight, has normal weight, is
overweight or obese.
 we can calucate body mass index [BMI]by dividing
weight in kg to square of height in meter .

14.  The Human Development Index (HDI) is a single
index measure that aims to record the three key
dimensions of human development: access to
knowledge, a decent standard of living, and long and
healthy life. In other words, the human development
index is practiced to measure how development has
improved human life.

15. EXAMPLE

16. SUSTAINABLITY OF DEVELOPMENT
 Sustainable development is defined as development
that meets the needs of the present, without
compromising the ability of future generations.
Scientists have been warning that the present type and
levels of development are not sustainable. Some of the
examples are:
 Overuse of ground water
 Exhaustion of natural resources

18. THIS PROJECT IS DONE BY :
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