This document defines and provides examples of different types of determiners in English grammar. It discusses articles, demonstratives, quantifiers, numbers, distributives, possessives, difference words, defining words, and question words. Determiners are words that come before nouns and indicate properties like definiteness, quantity, distance from the speaker. Common determiners include articles like a, an, the, demonstratives like this and that, and quantifiers like some, many, few.

1. By Akbar Iqbal

2. • Defination:A determiner is a word that counts before a
noun cluase and expresses a reference of that noun in
the context.
• A determinor indicates if the noun is close or far,
definited or indefinited,quantifiers.

3. • Examples:
"Have you got any English book you can borrow me?"
"Is there enough food to feed everyone?"
"I don't teach every day."
Either and Neither
are used in sentences concerning a possible choice
between two items.

4. • Either:
can mean one or the other (of two) or each of two.
• Example:
I've got tea and coffee, so you can have either.
The room has a door at either end.
• Neither
means not the first one and not the second one.
Example:
"Neither of the students were listening."

5. • Types of Determinors:
• Articles
• Quantifiers
• Demonstratives
• Numbers
• Distributives
• Possessives
• Difference words
• Defining words
• Question words

6. • Articles: There are two types of articles
• Definate articles
• Indefinate articles

7. • Indefinate Articles:There are three articles: a, an, and the.
• “a” and ”an” are indefinite articles that serve the same
purpose, but they cannot be used interchangeably,
because ‘a’ is only used before words that begin with
consonants, and ‘an’ is used only before words that begin
with vowels.
• Examples:
• He has a thick beard/a strange aunt.
• There was an elephant.

8. • Definite Article
• ‘The’ is known as the definite article in English.
• It is used when something is being referred to that has
already been mentioned or both parties involved in the
conversation are aware of what is being discussed or
with superlatives and ordinal numbers (numbers used to
rank a set of objects). And also used to refer to groups of
people, geographical areas, oceans, and with decades or
groups of years .

9. • Examples:
• I saw a pretty girl at the mall today
• Where is the restroom?
• Mt Everest is the tallest mountain on earth, Neil
Armstrong was the first man on the moon.
• the Pakistanies, the Sahara/Pacific, the
fifties/sixities/seventies/eighties.

10. • Demonstratives:
• This, that, these and those are known are
demonstratives.They describe the position of an
object, seen from the speaker’s viewpoint.
• This and these (used for singular and plural nouns
respectively) refer to objects that close by.
• Examples:
• Whose car is this?
• Whose cars are these?

11. • Quantifier:
• Quantifiers form a sub-class under determiners. They are
adjectives or phrases that serve to answer two possible
questions:
• 1. How many?
• 2. and How much?
• Example:
• a few, a little, much, many, most, some, any, enough,
etc., are quantifiers.

12. • That and those (used for singular and plural nouns
respectively) refer to objects that are further away. The
closeness can be physical or psychological.
• Example:
• Who lives in that house?

13. • Numbers: There are two types of numbers cardinal (one,
two, three, etc) and ordinal (first, second, third, etc).
• Cardinal numbers are adjectives that indicate quantity
(There are fives apples on the table)
• Ordinal numbers indicate rank or order (This is the first
time for me on a plane).

14. • Distributives:
• The words all, both, half, each, every, either and neither
are known as distributives.
• Examples:
• We have all the time in the world.
• Both these books must be returned within the week.
• We bought half a kilo of rice.

15. • Possessive: These are pronouns and adjectives
indicate who an object belongs to.
• The pronouns are mine (first person)
• Example:
• This car is mine.
• Yours(second person)
• Example:
• This car is yours
• His, Hers, and Its (third person)
• Example:
• This cars is his/hers
• The corresponding adjectives are my,your,his, her, and it.

16. • Difference Words:
• Other and another are ‘difference words’; they refer to
something different, or remaining, or more.
• Other is used with singular and plural nouns, while
another is used strictly with singular nouns.
• Examples:
• What other colours can I get this in?
• Is there another colour that this is available in?

17. • Defining Words:
• Which and whose are ‘defining words’; they indicate
which thing or person is being referred to.
• Examples:
• This is the house which I used to live in as a child.
• This is the man whose window you broke.

18. • Question Words:
• There are a number of words in the English language
that are used primarily to make questions; these words
are ‘question words’.
• Examples:
• What,when,where,who,whose,which,why,how