The document discusses various quantitative research designs that can be used in studies, including experimental, quasi-experimental, and non-experimental designs. Experimental designs allow researchers to control variables and identify cause-and-effect relationships. Quasi-experimental designs are similar but do not involve random assignment. Non-experimental designs observe phenomena naturally without manipulation. Specific types of non-experimental or descriptive designs include surveys, correlational studies, ex-post facto studies, comparative studies, normative studies, evaluative studies, and methodological studies. Choosing an appropriate research design is important to effectively address the research problem and establish a framework for data collection and analysis.
Practical Research 2 (Quantitative Research)Nheru Veraflor
Introduction to Practical Research 2 (Quantitative Research) for Senior High School. This includes lesson on Scientific Process, Characteristic of Quantitative Research and Types of Variables.
Chapter 2. Identifying the inquiry and stating the problem (Practical Researc...Cristy Ann Subala
The learner...
1. designs a research useful in daily life. CS_RS12-Id-e-1
2. writes a research title. CS_RS12-Id-e-2
3. describes background of research. CS_RS12-Id-e-3
4. states research questions. CS_RS12-Id-e-4
5. indicates scope and delimitation of study. CS_RS12-Id-e-5
6. cites benefits and beneficiaries of study . CS_RS12-Id-e-6
7. presents written statement of the problem . CS_RS12-Id-e-7
Practical Research 2 (Quantitative Research)Nheru Veraflor
Introduction to Practical Research 2 (Quantitative Research) for Senior High School. This includes lesson on Scientific Process, Characteristic of Quantitative Research and Types of Variables.
Chapter 2. Identifying the inquiry and stating the problem (Practical Researc...Cristy Ann Subala
The learner...
1. designs a research useful in daily life. CS_RS12-Id-e-1
2. writes a research title. CS_RS12-Id-e-2
3. describes background of research. CS_RS12-Id-e-3
4. states research questions. CS_RS12-Id-e-4
5. indicates scope and delimitation of study. CS_RS12-Id-e-5
6. cites benefits and beneficiaries of study . CS_RS12-Id-e-6
7. presents written statement of the problem . CS_RS12-Id-e-7
Qualitative research and its importance in daily lifeDan Bantilan
Qualitative research and its importance in daily life is composed of the following lessons:
1. Definition of Qualitative Research
2. Characteristics of Qualitative Research
3. Types of Qualitative Research
4. Advantages or Strengths of Qualitative Research
5. Disadvantages or Weakness of Qualitative Research
Language Used in Academic Texts from Various Disciplines.pptxCendz Flores
"Explore the diversity of language used in academic writing across various disciplines! This presentation takes a closer look at the language used in texts from fields such as science, humanities, social sciences, and more. See how each discipline has its own unique linguistic features and conventions that shape the way knowledge is communicated.
Qualitative research and its importance in daily lifeDan Bantilan
Qualitative research and its importance in daily life is composed of the following lessons:
1. Definition of Qualitative Research
2. Characteristics of Qualitative Research
3. Types of Qualitative Research
4. Advantages or Strengths of Qualitative Research
5. Disadvantages or Weakness of Qualitative Research
Language Used in Academic Texts from Various Disciplines.pptxCendz Flores
"Explore the diversity of language used in academic writing across various disciplines! This presentation takes a closer look at the language used in texts from fields such as science, humanities, social sciences, and more. See how each discipline has its own unique linguistic features and conventions that shape the way knowledge is communicated.
Experimental Research Design - Meaning, Characteristics and ClassificationSundar B N
This ppt contains Experimental Research Design Which covers Meaning, Characteristics and Classification of Experimental Research Design.
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Wk. 3 DiscussionFor this week’s discussion we have been tasked w.docxlefrancoishazlett
Wk. 3 Discussion
For this week’s discussion we have been tasked with comparing the characteristics of appropriate research designs and recommend a qualitative research design that would facilitate answering the instructor’s additional questions: : (a) How do their students actually feel about the intervention? and (b) How do students view the influence of the intervention on their learning inside and outside of the classroom (if applicable)?
When it comes to qualitative research methods there are several, however the three most common are participant observation, in-depth interviews and focus groups. Participant observation in a social setting tends to aim to gain a means of better understanding within a given group of individuals, their experiences and observations and collects data. In-depth interviews are utilized for collecting data on individual’s personal history, perspectives, and experiences. This is used particularly with sensitive information. Focus groups allow for data collection through group interview processes and tend to related to specific topics. (Frost, 2011)
In addition to our week two scenario the instructors would like to answer additional questions of how the students actually feel about the intervention as well as how the students view the influence of the intervention on their learning in the classroom as well as outside of the classroom. This relates to the phenomenology research design. Phenomenology focuses on individual thoughts and feelings and its purpose is to dive in and determine what feelings or experiences the students have in relation to the intervention. This method has several different characteristics:
· It seeks to understand how people experience a particular situation or phenomenon.
· It is conducted primarily through in-depth conversations and interviews; however, some studies may collect data from diaries, drawings, or observation.
· Small samples sizes, often 10 or less participants, are common in phenomenological studies.
· Interview questions are open-ended to allow the participants to fully describe the experience from their own view point.
· Phenomenology is centered on the participants’ experiences with no regard to social or cultural norms, traditions, or preconceived ideas about the experience.
· It focuses on these four aspects of a lived experience: lived spaced, lived body, lived time, and lived human relations.
· Data collected is qualitative and analysis includes an attempt to identify themes or make generalizations regarding how a particular phenomenon is actually perceived or experienced. (CIRT, 2019)
Phenomenological research studies tend to be interested in the life experiences of human and would relate directly to answering the instructors additional research questions. (CIRT, 2019) According to CIRT 2019, “A phenomenological study attempts to set aside biases and preconceived assumptions about human experiences, feelings, and responses to a particular situation. It allows th.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2. What’s New
Directions: Analyze the pair of pictures. Have you ever guessed what idea/s that the picture
would like to express? Try to guess insights on a research topic that may come up from the pair
of pictures below.
3. The Role of Research
•It is a formal process of problem-solving.
•It is a set of procedures and stages.
•It originates with a question or a problem.
•It is an iterative process.
4. Research provides a solid foundation for the:
• Discovery and creation of knowledge, theory-
building;
• Testing, confirmation, revision, and refutation of
knowledge as theory;
• Advance a discipline or field;
• Advancements and improvements in various
aspects of life;
• Promotion and tenure of individuals.
5. Significance of Research
1. To gather necessary information
2. To improve the standard of living
3. To have a safer life
4. To know the truth
5. To explore our history buff
6. To understand arts
8. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGNS
Research Design refers to the total approach that you
select to incorporate the different components of the study
in a comprehensible and rational way, thereby ensuring you
will effectively address the research problem Moreover, a
research design establishes the outline for the selection,
measurement, and analysis of data. The research
problem defines the research you should do.
9.
10. Kinds of Quantitative research designs that a
researcher may employ:
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN. It allows the
researcher to control the situation. In doing so, it allows the
researcher to answer the question, “What causes
something to occur?” and also allows the researcher to
identify cause and effect relationships between variables
and to distinguish placebo effects from treatment effects.
11. Kinds of Quantitative research designs that a
researcher may employ:
Pre-Experimental design. A type of research applies to
an experimental design with the least internal validity. One
type of pre-experiment, the simple group, pre-test-post-test
design, measures the group two times, before and after the
intervention. Instead of comparing the pretest with the
posttest within one group, the posttest of the treated groups
is compared with that of an untreated group. Measuring the
effect as the difference between groups marks this as a
between-subjects design
12. Two types of Quasi-experimental design:
1. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
a) Non-Equivalent Control Group. It refers to the chance failure of
random assignment to equalize the conditions by converting a true
experiment into this kind of design, for purpose of analysis.
b) Interrupted Time Series Design. It employs multiple measures
before and after the experimental intervention.
c) True-Experimental design-it controls for both time-related and
group-related threats. These features require that the researchers
have control over the experimental treatment and the power to place
subjects in groups and employ both treated and control groups to
deal with time-related rival explanations.
13. Two types of Quasi-experimental design:
2. NON-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN. In this design, the researcher
observes the phenomena as they occur naturally, and no external
variables are introduced. In this research design, the variables are
not deliberately manipulated nor is the setting controlled.
Researchers collect data without making changes or introducing
treatments. It is also known as DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
DESIGN because it is only one under non-experimental design.
14. The types of Descriptive design are as follows:
A. Survey
B. Correlational
C. Ex-Post Facto or Causal-Comparative
D. Comparative
E. Normative
F. Evaluative
G. Methodological
15. The types of Descriptive design are as follows:
A. Survey - It is used to gather information from
groups of people by selecting and studying samples
chosen from a population. This is useful when the
objective of the study is to see a general picture of
the population under investigation in terms of their
social and economic characteristics, opinions, and
their knowledge about the behavior towards a certain
phenomenon.
16. The types of Descriptive design are as follows:
B. Correlational. It is conducted by researchers whose aim would be to find out the
direction, association, and/or relationship between different variables or groups of
respondents under study.
Correlational Research has three types these are:
a. Bivariate Correlational Studies –It obtains scores from two variables for each
subject, and then uses them to calculate a correlation coefficient. The term bivariate
implies that the two variables are correlated (variables are selected because they
are believed to be related).Example: Children of wealthier (variable one), better
educated (variable 2) parents earn higher salaries as adults.
b. Prediction Studies –It uses a correlation coefficient to show how one variable (the
predictor variable) predicts another (the criterion variable).Example: Which senior
high school applicants should be admitted to college?
c. Multiple Regression Prediction Studies –All variables in the study can contribute
to the overall prediction in an equation that adds together the predictive power of
each identified variable. Example: Suppose the High School GPA is not the sole
predictor of college GPA, what might be other good predictors?
17. The types of Descriptive design are as follows:
C. Ex-Post Facto or Causal-Comparative. This kind of research
design derives conclusions from observations and manifestations
that already occurred in the past and are now compared to some
dependent variables. It discusses why and how a phenomenon
occurs.
Example: A researcher is interested in how weight influences the
anxiety-coping level of adults. Here the subjects would be separated
into different groups (underweight, normal, overweight) and their
stress-coping levels measured. This is an ex post facto design
because a pre-existing characteristic (weight) was used to form the
groups.
18. The types of Descriptive design are as follows:
D. Comparative. It involves comparing and contrasting two or more
samples of study subjects on one or more variables, often at a
single point in time. Specifically, this design is used to compare two
distinct groups on the basis of selected attributes such as
knowledge level, perceptions, and attitudes, physical or
psychological symptoms. Example: A Comparative Study on the
Perception of COVID Problems among front liners in Pampanga.
19. The types of Descriptive design are as follows:
E. Normative. It describes the norm level of characteristics for a
given behavior. For example: If you are conducting research on the
study habits of high school students you are to use the range of
scores to describe the level of their study habits. The same true is
when you would want to describe their academic performance.
20. The types of Descriptive design are as follows:
F. Evaluative. It is a process used to determine what has happened
during a given activity or in an institution. The purpose of the
evaluation is to see if a given program is working if an institution is
successful according to the goals set for it, or if the original intent
was successfully attained. Example: A test of secondary learners in
school is used to assess the effectiveness of teaching or the
organization of a curriculum.
21. The types of Descriptive design are as follows:
G. Methodological. The research approach, implementing a variety
of methodologies forms a critical part of achieving the goal of
developing a scale-matched approach, where data from different
disciplines can be integrated.
22. Activity 1
Choose one (1) among the quantitative research design you
think is appropriate to your study and defend your answer.
Guide Question: Why is it necessary to choose a research
design? Elaborate your answer,