This document describes the design of a 3D printer that uses a polar coordinate system to control axis movement. Some key points:
- The printer uses polar coordinates (r, θ, φ) rather than Cartesian coordinates (x,y,z) to potentially reduce the number of parts needed in the machine and make it more compact.
- It has three main axes of movement - the theta axis controls rotation of the print bed, the radius axis controls the distance of the print head from the center, and the z-axis controls print head height.
- The design was created using CAD software and the axes will be controlled by G-code from the CAD model.
- Using polar coordinates allows converting
3D PRINTING IN ARCHITECTURE AND STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This document discusses 3D printing in architecture and structures. It begins with an introduction to 3D printing and additive manufacturing, describing how 3D printers build three-dimensional objects by laying down successive layers of material based on a digital file. It then discusses some key aspects of 3D printing like extrusion deposition which extrudes plastics, and granular material binding which uses laser sintering of powders. The document emphasizes how 3D printing can reduce costs, decrease risks, and create new design opportunities compared to traditional manufacturing.
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This document describes the design and development of a low-cost 3D printer. The researchers aimed to reduce the cost of 3D printers by replacing expensive stepper motors with the motors and mechanisms from discarded CD and floppy disk drives. They designed the 3D printer structure in CAD software and 3D printed custom parts. An Arduino microcontroller controls the CD and floppy drive motors to move the extruder head and print bed. The researchers were able to build a functional 3D printer for around 9,000 INR, significantly lower than commercial printers, by repurposing inexpensive discarded optical disk components rather than using dedicated stepper motors. The low-cost printer could improve access to 3D printing technology.
This document presents a novel simulation model for face milling that has been developed and embedded in a CAD environment. The model simulates tool kinematics precisely and considers the effect of cutting geometry on surface roughness. The accuracy of the simulation model was verified through experiments. The model can determine optimal cutting conditions for face milling and can be integrated into CAD/CAM systems. It simulates the tool and workpiece movements to calculate cutting forces and surface topography at each step of the milling process in 3D.
IRJET- 3D Printer for Printing Biological StructuresIRJET Journal
This document discusses 3D printing technology for printing biological structures. It begins with an abstract that provides an overview of 3D printing as a process of prototyping where a structure is synthesized from a 3D model. The document then covers the core technology of 3D printing in the biological domain and its applications. It discusses how 3D printing is being applied in various medical situations and for developing medical research. The document also provides background on the history and development of 3D printing technology.
Design and Development of Spur Gear by using Three Dimensional Printingijtsrd
Gears are power transmission devices in between input and output of machines, these power transmitting elements are very compact, and they transfer power with minimum loss. Due to the nature of their different speed ratios they are used for different applications like high speed marine engines, automobiles etc. Different materials are used for preparation or fabrication of gears like metals steel or brass , plastics nylon or polycarbonate . In this project spur gear is designed by CAD software and fabricated by using 3D printer, for 3D printing materials require like plastics or ceramics but for this project plastic material is used that is polylactic acid PLA . By using 3D printer spur gear is produced within a small period with better dimensional accuracy than conventional method like milling etc. P. Naresh | Aman Raj | J. Tarun | Ejazur Rahman | G. Bharat ""Design and Development of Spur Gear by using Three Dimensional Printing"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23236.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/23236/design-and-development-of-spur-gear-by-using-three-dimensional-printing/p-naresh
Quality Improvement of the 3D Print Using Design of ExperimentsIRJET Journal
The document summarizes a study that used Design of Experiments (DOE) to determine the relationship between print speed, layer height, and print time for 3D printing with ABS Plus material. Key findings from the DOE analysis include:
1) Print speed, layer height, and the square of print speed significantly affect print time.
2) For print speeds from 20-67.88 mm/s, print time decreases as layer height and print speed increase.
3) For print speeds from 67.88-80 mm/s, print time increases as layer height decreases, even as print speed increases.
The document discusses a methodology for integrating CAD/CAM into the development of a CNC dental wire bending machine. It proposes planning bend points for different dental case types and converting that information into CAM data for CNC wire bending. Mathematical formulas are presented for calculating the theoretical wire bending parameters needed to generate bending code (B-code) from XYZ coordinate data of planned bend points. This would allow automating the dental wire bending process using CNC technology.
IRJET- A Novel Integration of Laser Engraver and 3D PrinterIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of an integrated system combining a 3D printer and laser engraver into a single control system. The system uses an Arduino microcontroller and Ramps 1.4 controller board to control the 3D printing and laser engraving processes. An inductive proximity sensor is used for auto-bed leveling to optimize the printing height. The 3D printing is done using fused deposition modeling, while the laser engraving is done using a 500mw laser module. Software like Repetier Host, Slic3r, Inkscape and Marlin firmware are used to generate G-code files to control the 3D printing and laser engraving processes.
3D PRINTING IN ARCHITECTURE AND STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This document discusses 3D printing in architecture and structures. It begins with an introduction to 3D printing and additive manufacturing, describing how 3D printers build three-dimensional objects by laying down successive layers of material based on a digital file. It then discusses some key aspects of 3D printing like extrusion deposition which extrudes plastics, and granular material binding which uses laser sintering of powders. The document emphasizes how 3D printing can reduce costs, decrease risks, and create new design opportunities compared to traditional manufacturing.
IRJET- Design and Development of Low Cost 3D PrinterIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a low-cost 3D printer. The researchers aimed to reduce the cost of 3D printers by replacing expensive stepper motors with the motors and mechanisms from discarded CD and floppy disk drives. They designed the 3D printer structure in CAD software and 3D printed custom parts. An Arduino microcontroller controls the CD and floppy drive motors to move the extruder head and print bed. The researchers were able to build a functional 3D printer for around 9,000 INR, significantly lower than commercial printers, by repurposing inexpensive discarded optical disk components rather than using dedicated stepper motors. The low-cost printer could improve access to 3D printing technology.
This document presents a novel simulation model for face milling that has been developed and embedded in a CAD environment. The model simulates tool kinematics precisely and considers the effect of cutting geometry on surface roughness. The accuracy of the simulation model was verified through experiments. The model can determine optimal cutting conditions for face milling and can be integrated into CAD/CAM systems. It simulates the tool and workpiece movements to calculate cutting forces and surface topography at each step of the milling process in 3D.
IRJET- 3D Printer for Printing Biological StructuresIRJET Journal
This document discusses 3D printing technology for printing biological structures. It begins with an abstract that provides an overview of 3D printing as a process of prototyping where a structure is synthesized from a 3D model. The document then covers the core technology of 3D printing in the biological domain and its applications. It discusses how 3D printing is being applied in various medical situations and for developing medical research. The document also provides background on the history and development of 3D printing technology.
Design and Development of Spur Gear by using Three Dimensional Printingijtsrd
Gears are power transmission devices in between input and output of machines, these power transmitting elements are very compact, and they transfer power with minimum loss. Due to the nature of their different speed ratios they are used for different applications like high speed marine engines, automobiles etc. Different materials are used for preparation or fabrication of gears like metals steel or brass , plastics nylon or polycarbonate . In this project spur gear is designed by CAD software and fabricated by using 3D printer, for 3D printing materials require like plastics or ceramics but for this project plastic material is used that is polylactic acid PLA . By using 3D printer spur gear is produced within a small period with better dimensional accuracy than conventional method like milling etc. P. Naresh | Aman Raj | J. Tarun | Ejazur Rahman | G. Bharat ""Design and Development of Spur Gear by using Three Dimensional Printing"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23236.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/23236/design-and-development-of-spur-gear-by-using-three-dimensional-printing/p-naresh
Quality Improvement of the 3D Print Using Design of ExperimentsIRJET Journal
The document summarizes a study that used Design of Experiments (DOE) to determine the relationship between print speed, layer height, and print time for 3D printing with ABS Plus material. Key findings from the DOE analysis include:
1) Print speed, layer height, and the square of print speed significantly affect print time.
2) For print speeds from 20-67.88 mm/s, print time decreases as layer height and print speed increase.
3) For print speeds from 67.88-80 mm/s, print time increases as layer height decreases, even as print speed increases.
The document discusses a methodology for integrating CAD/CAM into the development of a CNC dental wire bending machine. It proposes planning bend points for different dental case types and converting that information into CAM data for CNC wire bending. Mathematical formulas are presented for calculating the theoretical wire bending parameters needed to generate bending code (B-code) from XYZ coordinate data of planned bend points. This would allow automating the dental wire bending process using CNC technology.
IRJET- A Novel Integration of Laser Engraver and 3D PrinterIRJET Journal
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This document summarizes a research paper that analyzes a metal processing company that produces automated packing machines using complex spatial cams. The researchers used the Lean manufacturing method to simplify the production process of these cams. They modeled a spatial cam using SolidWorks software and created a mathematical model of its motion law using Matlab software. This allowed them to determine the optimal motion for the cam that minimized production time.
The Lean manufacturing is important for many companies which want to eliminatethe waste and improve the quality.The research paper presents analysis of the metal processing company that makes packing automatics with the spatial cams of complex geometry, which allows specifying the law of motion of the spatial cam. The MatLab software has been used for the work
Create Your Product. Build Your Business. Design, Make & Sell.
3 D Printing Scaled For You. Fast, affordable prints. Industrial manufacturing tech.
All at your fingertips.
3 D Print Plastics. Superior Quality. Bring Your Ideas to Life.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PROCESSES FOR MACHINING OF MOLD ELEMENT WITH USIN...IAEME Publication
The document provides a comparative analysis of the technological processes for machining a mold element using the CAM systems TopSolid'CAM and ESPRIT.
A mold element is first designed in TopSolid CAD software. Technological processes are then developed for the element in both TopSolid'CAM and ESPRIT. The processes involve 6 operations: roughing, re-roughing, facing spiral, roughing, pure milling, and fine milling. Cutting conditions, tool trajectories, and machining times are determined for each operation in both CAM systems.
The total machining time is found to be 129.12 minutes in TopSolid'CAM and 161.9 minutes in ESPRIT. This represents a
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PROCESSES FOR MACHINING OF MOLD ELEMENT WITH USIN...IAEME Publication
The document provides a comparative analysis of the technological processes for machining a mold element using the CAM systems TopSolid'CAM and ESPRIT.
A mold element is first designed in TopSolid CAD software. Technological processes are then developed for the element in both TopSolid'CAM and ESPRIT. The processes involve 6 operations: roughing, re-roughing, facing spiral, roughing, pure milling, and fine milling. Cutting conditions, tool trajectories, and machining times are determined for each operation in both CAM systems.
The total machining time is found to be 129.12 minutes in TopSolid'CAM and 161.9 minutes in ESPRIT. This represents a
The document discusses 3D printing technology. It begins with an abstract describing 3D printing as a process of making 3D objects by depositing layers of material based on a digital file. It then provides more details on the history and development of 3D printing, common techniques like FDM and SLA, components of 3D printers, how 3D printers work by extruding thermoplastic to build layers, applications in industries like manufacturing and medicine, advantages like reduced costs and waste, and concludes that 3D printing could revolutionize manufacturing.
IRJET- Design and Fabrication of 3D Printer to Enhance ProductivityIRJET Journal
The document describes the design and fabrication of a 3D printer to increase productivity. It aims to increase the speed of 3D printing compared to traditional printers by decreasing the cooling time of deposited polymer on the heat bed. The 3D printer uses fused deposition modeling and is analyzed based on parameters of speed and accuracy. It discusses the working process which involves CAD design, file conversion to G-code using slicer software, controlling stepper motors via G-code instructions to deposit polymer layer-by-layer on the heated bed. The document also covers 3D model preparation and errors, printing process, and applications of the finished prototype.
IRJET - Embedded System Based Automatic PCB Drilling MachineIRJET Journal
This document describes an embedded system-based automatic printed circuit board (PCB) drilling machine. It aims to provide an affordable and accurate PCB drilling solution for small businesses. The machine uses an Arduino board to control movement along the X, Y, and Z axes based on coordinate data from an EAGLE PCB design file. This allows the drilling motor to be precisely positioned for efficient drilling of holes. The design focuses on using low-cost components like stepper motors, shafts, and sliders to achieve automated drilling while maintaining accuracy compared to expensive computer numerical control machines. Path planning algorithms are explored to optimize the drilling path and reduce total drilling time.
This document summarizes a student project to 3D print a spur gear. It includes sections on the introduction, literature review, methodology, and conclusion. The introduction defines what a spur gear is and its key parts and working. The literature review discusses 3D printing history and processes. The methodology states the project will design the gear dimensions in SolidWorks and 3D print it. The conclusion states the project helped learn gear design and terminology.
This document summarizes research on 3D printing hollow compounds of different shapes. It discusses how 3D printing allows for more optimized geometries compared to traditional manufacturing and can produce hollow turbine blades, gears, and disc brakes with properties similar to solid compounds. Finite element analysis was performed on hollow and solid shapes of different cross-sections, finding equivalent stresses were approximately the same. 3D printing reduces material costs and makes manufacturing hollow compounds easier compared to traditional methods. The document concludes 3D printing technologies provide design flexibility while creating parts with layer-by-layer printing instead of traditional manufacturing approaches.
Process improvement in the Design and Development of Gas Turbine Rotor DiskIRJET Journal
This document describes a process for improving the design and development of gas turbine rotor disks. It presents an automation tool that calculates stresses in the disk at different radial locations using governing equations from Manson's method. The tool takes design parameters as input, interpolates radial points on the disk profile, and calculates tangential and radial stresses at each point. Iterations are done by adjusting inputs to validate stresses. Once validated, geometric parameters are exported to CAD software to generate an optimized design concept model. The automation approach saves around 80% of the effort compared to conventional iterative CAD and FEA modeling. It provides flexibility to quickly evaluate designs and finalize a concept that meets structural and thermal requirements.
Manufacturing of rapid prototypes of mechanical parts using reverse engineeri...Barhm Mohamad
1) The document discusses the process of using reverse engineering and 3D printing to manufacture rapid prototypes of mechanical parts. Data on physical parts is acquired using laser scanning or coordinate measuring machines (CMM) and converted to 3D models using CAD software.
2) The 3D models are then 3D printed to create physical prototypes. This allows complex parts to be produced quickly and cheaply without requiring design drawings. Structural analysis is also performed on the 3D models.
3) The process reduces production time and costs compared to traditional manufacturing. It also makes identifying design and manufacturing defects easier and allows prototypes to be produced at different scales.
IRJET- Design and Analysis of Progressive Die for Industrial Component Ta...IRJET Journal
The document describes the design and analysis of a progressive die for an industrial tailgate striker component. Key points:
- A progressive die was designed and modeled in CATIA to perform multiple operations like piercing and blanking on a sheet metal part in a single stroke, improving production rates.
- Finite element analysis was conducted on the die model using ANSYS to analyze stresses and deformation on the sheet metal during the stamping process.
- The die design was optimized based on the material properties and dimensions of the sheet metal and required operations to maximize production efficiency while minimizing costs.
This document reviews the development of a low-cost 3D printer. It begins with an introduction to 3D printing technologies and a brief history. It then discusses the key components of a 3D printer, including stepper motors, power supplies, control boards, drivers, endstops, thermistors, and extruders. The working principles and typical materials used in 3D printing like ABS and PLA are explained. The goal of the work described is to build an accurate and low-cost 3D printer that can print small parts at a lower price than commercial 3D printers currently available.
The document describes new features and enhancements in the latest release of Smart 3D technology, including SmartPlant 3D, SmartMarine 3D, and SmartPlant 3D Materials Handling Edition. Key updates include improved integration with SmartPlant P&ID, enhanced 3D data integration capabilities, improved deliverable generation, specialized modeling for offshore projects, and new functionalities for materials handling projects. The release also introduces Smart 3D bundle licensing.
TOWARDS A UNIFIED IN-PROCESS GEOMETRIC MODEL FOR MULTIPLE MACHINING AND Layer...Liu PeiLing
There are many fabrication processes in modern manufacturing, but current modeling and simulation tools only simulate a few unit processes based on different geometry models. To overcome the data exchange problem between different models, this paper studies various in-process geometry models together with their working systems / prototypes for traditional manufacturing processes. Novel hybrid multiple-machining and layered manufacturing processes are presented to identify critical issues. Working towards a vision of pervasive modeling and simulation, a unified Voxel-based in-process geometry model for multiple-machining and layered manufacturing simulations is proposed and discussed.
Design and fabrication of multiple press tools for sheet metal operationIRJET Journal
The document describes the design and fabrication of a customized press tool for sheet metal operations to manufacture an electrical crimp connector. Key points:
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- The tool components like the die plate, punch holder, and stripper are designed using CAD software. Materials and dimensions are selected based on calculations of required forces.
- Static analysis using FEA software confirms the design is safe and stress values are below material yield strengths.
- Fabricating the customized tool and testing production of connectors in trials demonstrated a 3x increase in production over previous methods by combining operations
IRJET- Fabrication of Portable PantographIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a portable pantograph for engraving letters on wood. A pantograph is a linkage mechanism that can reproduce geometric shapes or images on an enlarged or reduced scale. The project aims to create a low-cost, lightweight, and portable pantograph that allows for scaling and engraving letters on wood. It discusses the working mechanism of a pantograph, which uses a parallelogram linkage to trace an input shape with a stylus and reproduce an identical or scaled copy using an engraving tool. The methodology, applications, advantages, and conclusions of the portable pantograph design are also summarized.
Power from the burnt gases in the combustion chamber is delivered to the crankshaft through the piston, piston pin and connecting rod. The crankshaft changes reciprocating motion of the piston in cylinder to the rotary motion of the flywheel. Crankshaft is designed for multi cylinder engine and its 3D model is created using modeling software CATIA V5R20.The 3D printer prints the CATIA design layer by layer forming a real object. 3D printing process is derived from inkjet desktop printers in which multiple deposit jets and the printing material, layer by layer derived from the CATIA data. 3D printing significantly challenges mass production processes in the future. This type of printing is predicted to influence industries, like automotive, medical, education, equipment, consumer products industries and various businesses. T. Venkata Ramana | Sagam Kunta Subhash | Sangem Devendra Kumar | Vanga Balakrishna ""Modelling and 3D Printing of Crankshaft"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23224.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/23224/modelling-and-3d-printing-of-crankshaft/t-venkata-ramana
3D printing is called as additive manufacturing technology where a three dimensional object is created by laying down successive layers of material. It is also known as rapid prototyping, is a mechanized method whereby 3D objects are quickly made on a reasonably sized machine connected to a computer containing blueprints for the object. It is working under the principle of Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). The 3D printing concept of custom manufacturing is exciting to nearly everyone. The basic principles include materials cartridges, flexibility of output, and translation of code into a visible pattern.3D Printers are the machines that produce physical 3D models from digital data by printing layer by layer. It can make physical models of objects either designed with a CAD program or scanned with a 3D Scanner. Here we are going to propose a model report on design and fabrication of a 3D printer.
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
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This document summarizes a research paper that analyzes a metal processing company that produces automated packing machines using complex spatial cams. The researchers used the Lean manufacturing method to simplify the production process of these cams. They modeled a spatial cam using SolidWorks software and created a mathematical model of its motion law using Matlab software. This allowed them to determine the optimal motion for the cam that minimized production time.
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All at your fingertips.
3 D Print Plastics. Superior Quality. Bring Your Ideas to Life.
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A mold element is first designed in TopSolid CAD software. Technological processes are then developed for the element in both TopSolid'CAM and ESPRIT. The processes involve 6 operations: roughing, re-roughing, facing spiral, roughing, pure milling, and fine milling. Cutting conditions, tool trajectories, and machining times are determined for each operation in both CAM systems.
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The document discusses 3D printing technology. It begins with an abstract describing 3D printing as a process of making 3D objects by depositing layers of material based on a digital file. It then provides more details on the history and development of 3D printing, common techniques like FDM and SLA, components of 3D printers, how 3D printers work by extruding thermoplastic to build layers, applications in industries like manufacturing and medicine, advantages like reduced costs and waste, and concludes that 3D printing could revolutionize manufacturing.
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The document describes the design and fabrication of a 3D printer to increase productivity. It aims to increase the speed of 3D printing compared to traditional printers by decreasing the cooling time of deposited polymer on the heat bed. The 3D printer uses fused deposition modeling and is analyzed based on parameters of speed and accuracy. It discusses the working process which involves CAD design, file conversion to G-code using slicer software, controlling stepper motors via G-code instructions to deposit polymer layer-by-layer on the heated bed. The document also covers 3D model preparation and errors, printing process, and applications of the finished prototype.
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This document describes an embedded system-based automatic printed circuit board (PCB) drilling machine. It aims to provide an affordable and accurate PCB drilling solution for small businesses. The machine uses an Arduino board to control movement along the X, Y, and Z axes based on coordinate data from an EAGLE PCB design file. This allows the drilling motor to be precisely positioned for efficient drilling of holes. The design focuses on using low-cost components like stepper motors, shafts, and sliders to achieve automated drilling while maintaining accuracy compared to expensive computer numerical control machines. Path planning algorithms are explored to optimize the drilling path and reduce total drilling time.
This document summarizes a student project to 3D print a spur gear. It includes sections on the introduction, literature review, methodology, and conclusion. The introduction defines what a spur gear is and its key parts and working. The literature review discusses 3D printing history and processes. The methodology states the project will design the gear dimensions in SolidWorks and 3D print it. The conclusion states the project helped learn gear design and terminology.
This document summarizes research on 3D printing hollow compounds of different shapes. It discusses how 3D printing allows for more optimized geometries compared to traditional manufacturing and can produce hollow turbine blades, gears, and disc brakes with properties similar to solid compounds. Finite element analysis was performed on hollow and solid shapes of different cross-sections, finding equivalent stresses were approximately the same. 3D printing reduces material costs and makes manufacturing hollow compounds easier compared to traditional methods. The document concludes 3D printing technologies provide design flexibility while creating parts with layer-by-layer printing instead of traditional manufacturing approaches.
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This document reviews the development of a low-cost 3D printer. It begins with an introduction to 3D printing technologies and a brief history. It then discusses the key components of a 3D printer, including stepper motors, power supplies, control boards, drivers, endstops, thermistors, and extruders. The working principles and typical materials used in 3D printing like ABS and PLA are explained. The goal of the work described is to build an accurate and low-cost 3D printer that can print small parts at a lower price than commercial 3D printers currently available.
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IRJET- Fabrication of Portable PantographIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a portable pantograph for engraving letters on wood. A pantograph is a linkage mechanism that can reproduce geometric shapes or images on an enlarged or reduced scale. The project aims to create a low-cost, lightweight, and portable pantograph that allows for scaling and engraving letters on wood. It discusses the working mechanism of a pantograph, which uses a parallelogram linkage to trace an input shape with a stylus and reproduce an identical or scaled copy using an engraving tool. The methodology, applications, advantages, and conclusions of the portable pantograph design are also summarized.
Power from the burnt gases in the combustion chamber is delivered to the crankshaft through the piston, piston pin and connecting rod. The crankshaft changes reciprocating motion of the piston in cylinder to the rotary motion of the flywheel. Crankshaft is designed for multi cylinder engine and its 3D model is created using modeling software CATIA V5R20.The 3D printer prints the CATIA design layer by layer forming a real object. 3D printing process is derived from inkjet desktop printers in which multiple deposit jets and the printing material, layer by layer derived from the CATIA data. 3D printing significantly challenges mass production processes in the future. This type of printing is predicted to influence industries, like automotive, medical, education, equipment, consumer products industries and various businesses. T. Venkata Ramana | Sagam Kunta Subhash | Sangem Devendra Kumar | Vanga Balakrishna ""Modelling and 3D Printing of Crankshaft"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23224.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/23224/modelling-and-3d-printing-of-crankshaft/t-venkata-ramana
3D printing is called as additive manufacturing technology where a three dimensional object is created by laying down successive layers of material. It is also known as rapid prototyping, is a mechanized method whereby 3D objects are quickly made on a reasonably sized machine connected to a computer containing blueprints for the object. It is working under the principle of Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). The 3D printing concept of custom manufacturing is exciting to nearly everyone. The basic principles include materials cartridges, flexibility of output, and translation of code into a visible pattern.3D Printers are the machines that produce physical 3D models from digital data by printing layer by layer. It can make physical models of objects either designed with a CAD program or scanned with a 3D Scanner. Here we are going to propose a model report on design and fabrication of a 3D printer.
Similar to Designing of 3D Printer Based on Polar Coordinate System (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Generative AI Use cases applications solutions and implementation.pdfmahaffeycheryld
Generative AI solutions encompass a range of capabilities from content creation to complex problem-solving across industries. Implementing generative AI involves identifying specific business needs, developing tailored AI models using techniques like GANs and VAEs, and integrating these models into existing workflows. Data quality and continuous model refinement are crucial for effective implementation. Businesses must also consider ethical implications and ensure transparency in AI decision-making. Generative AI's implementation aims to enhance efficiency, creativity, and innovation by leveraging autonomous generation and sophisticated learning algorithms to meet diverse business challenges.
https://www.leewayhertz.com/generative-ai-use-cases-and-applications/
Design and optimization of ion propulsion dronebjmsejournal
Electric propulsion technology is widely used in many kinds of vehicles in recent years, and aircrafts are no exception. Technically, UAVs are electrically propelled but tend to produce a significant amount of noise and vibrations. Ion propulsion technology for drones is a potential solution to this problem. Ion propulsion technology is proven to be feasible in the earth’s atmosphere. The study presented in this article shows the design of EHD thrusters and power supply for ion propulsion drones along with performance optimization of high-voltage power supply for endurance in earth’s atmosphere.
Software Engineering and Project Management - Software Testing + Agile Method...Prakhyath Rai
Software Testing: A Strategic Approach to Software Testing, Strategic Issues, Test Strategies for Conventional Software, Test Strategies for Object -Oriented Software, Validation Testing, System Testing, The Art of Debugging.
Agile Methodology: Before Agile – Waterfall, Agile Development.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for...PIMR BHOPAL
Variable frequency drive .A Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is an electronic device used to control the speed and torque of an electric motor by varying the frequency and voltage of its power supply. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for motor control, providing significant energy savings and precise motor operation.
AI for Legal Research with applications, toolsmahaffeycheryld
AI applications in legal research include rapid document analysis, case law review, and statute interpretation. AI-powered tools can sift through vast legal databases to find relevant precedents and citations, enhancing research accuracy and speed. They assist in legal writing by drafting and proofreading documents. Predictive analytics help foresee case outcomes based on historical data, aiding in strategic decision-making. AI also automates routine tasks like contract review and due diligence, freeing up lawyers to focus on complex legal issues. These applications make legal research more efficient, cost-effective, and accessible.
Digital Twins Computer Networking Paper Presentation.pptxaryanpankaj78
A Digital Twin in computer networking is a virtual representation of a physical network, used to simulate, analyze, and optimize network performance and reliability. It leverages real-time data to enhance network management, predict issues, and improve decision-making processes.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.