The landing gear suspension absorbs impact energy during landing through an oleo strut mechanism. An oleo strut consists of inner and outer cylinders containing hydraulic fluid and compressed air, with a tapered metering pin controlling fluid flow between chambers. During landing, the inner cylinder moves upward, pushing fluid through the metering pin orifice, dissipating the impact force through hydraulic damping before a smooth touchdown.
Aircraft Air Conditioning And Pressurisation SystemCahit Kutay Uysal
At this presentation, I try to explain aircraft pressurization systems and air conditioning systems. I hope it will be useful source to understand aircraft systems easily.
Abstract:
Landing gear is one of the critical subsystems of an aircraft. The need to design landing gear with minimum weight, minimum volume, high performance, improved life and reduced life cycle cost have posed many challenges to landing gear designers and practitioners. Further it is essential to reduce the landing gear design and development cycle time while meeting all the regulatory and safety requirements. Many technologies have been developed over the years to meet these challenges in design and development of landing gear. This paper presents a perspective on various stages of landing gear design and development, current technology landscape and how these technologies are helping us to meet the challenges involved in the development of landing gear and how they are going to evolve in future.
NAME : S. Srinivasa Phani Kumar
Branch : MECHANICAL
College : SWARNANDHRA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Aircraft Air Conditioning And Pressurisation SystemCahit Kutay Uysal
At this presentation, I try to explain aircraft pressurization systems and air conditioning systems. I hope it will be useful source to understand aircraft systems easily.
Abstract:
Landing gear is one of the critical subsystems of an aircraft. The need to design landing gear with minimum weight, minimum volume, high performance, improved life and reduced life cycle cost have posed many challenges to landing gear designers and practitioners. Further it is essential to reduce the landing gear design and development cycle time while meeting all the regulatory and safety requirements. Many technologies have been developed over the years to meet these challenges in design and development of landing gear. This paper presents a perspective on various stages of landing gear design and development, current technology landscape and how these technologies are helping us to meet the challenges involved in the development of landing gear and how they are going to evolve in future.
NAME : S. Srinivasa Phani Kumar
Branch : MECHANICAL
College : SWARNANDHRA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
It is a system where liquid under pressure is used to transmit this energy. Hydraulics systems take engine power and converts it to hydraulic power by means of a hydraulic pump. This power can be distributed throughout the airplane by means of tubing that runs through the aircraft. Hydraulic power may be reconverted to mechanical power by means of an actuating cylinder, or turbine.
The fuel system is designed to provide an uninterrupted flow of clean fuel from the fuel tanks to the engine. The fuel must be available to the engine under all conditions of engine power, altitude, attitude, and during all approved flight maneuvers . Fuel systems differ greatly from aircraft to aircraft due to the relative size and complexity of the aircraft in which they are installed.
Nomenclature and classification of controls in an airplane (slide # 3-4).
Which are the aerodynamic forces acting on airplane (slide # 5).
Working principle of an airplane (slide # 6).
How an airplane flies (basic motions of an airplane) (slide # 7).
How controls play their roles in these motions (slide # 8-22).
Simulate a flight in Cessna Skyhawk (slide # 23-28).
References and Questions & answers (slide # 30).
Human factors - Maintenance and inspectionLahiru Dilshan
Maintenance information should be understandable by the technicians and inspectors. Therefore new manuals, job cards and service bulletins should be tested before distribution.
This project gives an understanding on how an Aircraft is protected from Icy conditions during flight and while on ground. Hence also the systems and devices and fluid used.
It is a system where liquid under pressure is used to transmit this energy. Hydraulics systems take engine power and converts it to hydraulic power by means of a hydraulic pump. This power can be distributed throughout the airplane by means of tubing that runs through the aircraft. Hydraulic power may be reconverted to mechanical power by means of an actuating cylinder, or turbine.
The fuel system is designed to provide an uninterrupted flow of clean fuel from the fuel tanks to the engine. The fuel must be available to the engine under all conditions of engine power, altitude, attitude, and during all approved flight maneuvers . Fuel systems differ greatly from aircraft to aircraft due to the relative size and complexity of the aircraft in which they are installed.
Nomenclature and classification of controls in an airplane (slide # 3-4).
Which are the aerodynamic forces acting on airplane (slide # 5).
Working principle of an airplane (slide # 6).
How an airplane flies (basic motions of an airplane) (slide # 7).
How controls play their roles in these motions (slide # 8-22).
Simulate a flight in Cessna Skyhawk (slide # 23-28).
References and Questions & answers (slide # 30).
Human factors - Maintenance and inspectionLahiru Dilshan
Maintenance information should be understandable by the technicians and inspectors. Therefore new manuals, job cards and service bulletins should be tested before distribution.
This project gives an understanding on how an Aircraft is protected from Icy conditions during flight and while on ground. Hence also the systems and devices and fluid used.
There are two main types of hydraulic power transmission systems: hydrokinetic, such as the hydraulic coupling and the hydraulic torque converter, which use the kinetic energy of the liquid; and hydrostatic, which use the pressure energy of the liquid. The hydraulic coupling is a device that links two rotatable shafts.
Set Up Basic Hydraulics Circuits Eng.Muath N.BaniSalim .docxlesleyryder69361
Set Up Basic Hydraulics Circuits
Eng.Muath N.BaniSalim
[email protected] 1
2
What is fluid power ?
• Fluid power is the technology that deals with the
generation , control ,and transmission of power using
pressurized fluids. It can be said that fluid power is the
muscle that moves industry. This is because fluid power
is used to push , pull ,regulate or drive virtually all the
machines of modern industry.
• Fluid power is subdivided into hydraulics using a liquid
such as mineral oil or water, and pneumatics using a gas
such as air or other gases
3
4
On this hydraulic excavator,
not only all working
movements (linear drives)
but also the propulsion of
the vehicle (rotary drive)
are hydraulically powered. 5
6
7
https://www.youtube.com/watch?x-yt-
ts=1422327029&x-yt-
cl=84838260&feature=player_detailpage&v
=fcIitdkVr_A
Start from the 35th sec
8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=pl
ayer_detailpage&x-yt-cl=84838260&x-yt-
ts=1422327029&v=W7v4gLFSQsY
9
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=pla
yer_detailpage&v=plh8xMpc44k
Advantages of fluid power
• 1-Ease and accuracy of control
• By the use of simple levers and push buttons, the operator of
a fluid power system can readily start , stop speed up or slow
down and position forces that provides any desired
horsepower with tolerance as precise as one ten- thousand of
an inch
10
Ref: fluid power with applications 4th edition,
Anthony esposito
• 2-Multiplication of force
• A fluid power system (without using cumbersome gears,
pulleys , and levers) can multiply forces simply and efficiently
from a fraction of an ounce to several to several hundreds
tons of output.
11
• 3-Constant force or torque
• Only fluid power systems are capable of providing constant
force or torque regardless of peed change. This is
accomplished whether the work output moves a few inches
per hours.
12
• 4-Simplicity ,safety, economy
• In general , fluid power systems use fewer moving parts than
comparable mechanical or electrical systems. Thus , they are
simpler to maintain and operate . This ,in turn, maximize
safety ,compactness, and reliability.
13
The available Power Source for the
mechanical machines (Actuators)
• 1- Diesel engines
• 2-Electical Drive
• 3-Pnumatic actuators
• 4-Hydrulic actuators
14
• The choice of using electric, hydraulic, or
pneumatic motion systems is a
fundamental decision that affects
performance, costs, maintainability,
safety, ease of use, flexibility, and
reliability the needs of the application
and the capabilities of the technology
must be carefully evaluated—and then
balanced with a cost-benefit analysis.
15
Small note before the comparison
• As systems, neither one is better than the other.
There is no "Better", only "More suitable for a
specific purpose." Car tyres are Pneumatic...
they're full of air. Air is compre.
A-TECH Hydraulics leading hydraulic repair company in Maryland offers full service hydraulic repairs on cylinder, hydraulic pumps, motors, valves & hoses.
contains basic knowledge of engine and different parts and system involved like fuel system, lube system, cooling system, combustion process, air system and circulation , working of external components of engine, reason and symptoms of wear of parts and components. This presentation is made to give the explanation of work done or things learnt during training in prestigious Gainwell Caterpillar.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
2. What is a landing gear suspension?
• It is the part of landing
gear which absorbs the
impact energy during
landing and provides a
smooth touchdown.
suspension
3. Parts of oleo strut
• An oleo strut consists of the following
components.
Outer cylinder
Inner cylinder
Tapered metering pin
Wheel axle
Servicing valve
Torque links
4. Parts of oleo strut
• Tapered metering pin :- used for controlling
the rate of flow of hydraulic fluid through the
orifice.
• Wheel axle :- Provision for connecting aircraft
wheels.
• Servicing valve :- Provides a means for filling
hydraulic fluid or air.
• Torque links :- It is provided for keeping the
piston and wheels aligned.
5. Functioning
• A shock strut or oleo strut is constructed of
two telescoping cylinders which that are closed
on external ends.
• The upper cylinder is fixed to the aircraft and
the lower cylinder is free to slide in and out of
the upper cylinder.
• Two chambers are formed.
6. Functioning
• The lower chamber is always filled with hydraulic
fluid and the upper chamber is filled with
compressed air or nitrogen.
• An orifice is located between the two cylinders.
• During landing, the inner cylinder is moved
upward and the hydraulic fluid in the lower
chamber moves to upper chamber through the
metered orifice, which causes heat.
• This heat is the converted impact energy.
