1. The document discusses three topics: methods of enumeration for censuses, fertility rates by birth order and age, and age heaping in reported ages. 2. It describes de facto and de jure methods of enumeration and their advantages and disadvantages. 3. It presents tables showing live birth counts and fertility rates by birth order and maternal age group in Burma in 1974. 4. It defines general and age-specific fertility rates and notes that age heaping, or preference for certain digits like 0 and 5 in reported ages, can be measured.

1. • SOME SHORT NOTES
[1] METHODS OF ENUMERATION
[2] FERTILITY RATE SPECIFIC FOR ORDER OF BIRTH
[3] AGE HEAPING

2. [1] METHODS OF ENUMERATION
•1. De facto method of enumeration
•2. De jure method of enumeration
•1. De facto method of enumeration
- counting of people actually present at some moment in
those places as of midnight on the census date.
- conducted synchronously over the whole area.
- disadvantages: omission / doubling counting
- large number of staff member needed
- justified in fairly dense populated area.

3. • 2. De jure method of enumeration
- counting of people usually or normally or permanently present in
some places.
- non-synchronous method lasting 2 or 3 months
- suitable in loosely administrated / thinly populated area
- relatively small members needed
- reduced in error (omission / doubling counting)
- disadvantage still present; normal residence not well-
understood/ report more than one place

4. [2] FERTILITY RATE SPECIFIC FOR ORDER OF BIRTH
•Order of birth - order in which children are born alive to mother
including the present child
•- simplest way of analyzing births classified by order of birth
•- consist of calculation of proportional distribution of birth by order
•- affected by distribution of female population by age, marital status,
duration of marriage within child-bearing period
•- General order specific fertility rate (GOSFR)
•- Age order specific fertility rate (AOSFR)

5. • Table (1) Live birth by birth order and age group of mother and female population
(Burma, 1974)
•Ag
e
gro
up
Female
pop
All
birth
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th Not
stat
ed
Tot
al
1337944 198018 43059 31705 29937 25181 20114 15120 10777 7330 5065 7900 183
0
15-
19
304421 20620 14960 4307 984 168 42 11 6 - - - -
20-
24
239946 55524 18335 16362 12293 5424 1824 525 191 66 18 9 477
25-
29
186389 50349 6771 7491 10886 10784 7521 3785 1591 582 224 149 475
30-
34
173729 33859 1864 2367 3847 5572 6328 5521 3762 2151 1144 983 320
35-
39
163686 26561 859 932 1576 2575 3546 4078 3878 3193 2365 3286 273
40-
44
131274 9773 228 215 314 501 777 1091 1206 1203 1163 2974 101
45-
49
118499 1330 32 31 37 67 76 109 143 135 151 507 42

6. • Table (2) General order specific fertility rate and age order specific fertility rate (Burma,
1974)
•
Age
gro
up
ASFR 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th Not
state
d
GOS
FR
148.0
GFR
32.18 23.70 22.37 18.82 15.04 11.30 8.05 5.48 3.79 5.91 1.36
15-
19
67.74 49.14 14.15 3.23 0.55 0.14 0.04 0.02 - - - -
20-
24
231.40 76.41 68.19 51.23 22.61 7.60 2.19 0.80 0.27 0.07 0.04 1.99
25-
29
270.13 36.33 40.19 58.40 58.34 40.35 20.31 8.54 3.12 1.20 0.80 2.55
30-
34
194.90 10.73 13.63 22.14 32.07 36.43 31.78 21.65 12.38 6.59 5.66 1.84
35-
39
262.27 5.25 5.69 9.63 15.73 21.66 24.91 23.69 19.51 14.45 20.08 1.67
40-
44
64.60 1.51 1.42 2.08 3.31 5.92 8.31 7.97 7.95 7.69 19.66 0.67
45-
49
11.22 0.27 0.26 0.31 0.57 0.64 0.92 1.21 1.14 1.27 4.28 0.35

7. - General fertility rate (GFR)
GFR = (B/ Pf) 1,000
[B = No. of total registered live birth in a community in a year
Pf = Total female population aged 15-49 year ]
- General order specific fertility rate (GOSFR)
GOSFR = (Bi / Pf) 1,000
[Bi = No. of birth of given order
Pf = Total female population aged 15-49 year]
Note : Σ GOSFR = GFR
- Age order specific fertility rate (AOSFR)
AOSFR = (Bi / Pf
a) 1,000
[Bi = No. of birth of given order
Pf
a = Female population at age group a ]

8. [3] AGE HEAPING
•Too many people prefer some digits like 5, 10 or digits ending with 5, 0
in reporting their age which is call ‘digital preference’.
•In most of the ages of population the ages ending with 0 and 5 seem to
have an excess of population
•These concentration of people at regular interval called ‘heaping of
ages’
•Myanmar people prefer 2 and 3 while Indian prefer 3 and 8.
•Measurement of degree of age heaping – Use ratio of number of
people at age of preference to average number of people at that age
and adjacent two ages
•For example (in Venezuela, 1950)
•Age Men counted by census Average (29-31) Ratio
29 29,203
30 60,817 37,005 60817/37005
31 20,994 = 1.643

9. • The ratio is greater than 1 → Age heaping is present
• If ratio is 1 → there is no age heaping

10. THE END