The term biofeedback refer to the procedure by which information about a physiological function is fed back to the individual by means of an auditory or visual signal. Biofeedback Importance .

1. The Physio Club

2. Biofeedback

3. DEF.
The term biofeedback refer to
the procedure by which
information about a
physiological function is fed
back to the individual by means
of an auditory or visual signal.

4. CONT…
 This information is usually from
internal system which is inaccessible
to the individuals
 When presented with this visual or
auditory feedback the patient can
attempt to modify the activity of the
system.

5. BIOFEEDBACK
o Used to enable to patient to gain some
element of voluntary control over muscular
or ANS.
o Produces an Auditory or Visual signal.
o Patient receives no electricity, instead
some physiologic process is recorded
o Patient must actively participate to
transform a response from unconscious to
conscious

6. INDICATIONS: BIOFEEDBACK
 Improve muscular activation for ortho problems
and neurological dysfunction.
 This is a tool not treatment.
 Auditory or visual cues provide patient with
information.
 Small adjustments are picked up and identified.
 Also used in limbloading and monitoring, force
platforms, position or kinematic feedback

7. WHAT HAPPENS?
 The unit will process the EMG signal and
produce visual auditory feedback
proportional to the input signal.
 Electrodes record summated info from
muscular sensor
 Electrodes are referred to as sensors

8. VISUAL CUES
1. Meter read outs
2. Flashing lights
3. Computer screens

9. AUDITORY CUES
1. Changing tones
2. Clicks

10. COMMON INDICATIONS
Promote increased motor
recruitment
Inhibition of spasticity and
spasm
General body relaxation

11. CONTRAINDICATIONS
None
PRECAUTIONS:
Skin irritation from gel or tape with prolonged use
Deep relaxation for Diabetics may adversely affect
metabolic levels. Use with caution

12. INSTRUCTIONS
 Explain to pt.
 Select sensor size.
 Make sure everything is clean and free of
residue. Prepare skin with alcohol.
 Apply gel to sensor.
 Secure sensor. Closer get a more precise
signal, but smaller. Generally 1-5 cm apart
 Treatment duration…10-30 minutes/day

13. ABOUT SENSORS
 There are three components to a set.
One ground and two signal sensors
 Ground is placed between 2 signal
sensors or adjacent to sensors when
close together
 Place sensors along the longitudinal
axis of the muscle

14. TECHNIQUE FOR MOTOR RECRUITMENT
o Position patient; explain to pt. Work in
quiet area.
o Apply sensors to an area to demonstrate
the desired A-V signal and activity.
o Adjust to the most sensitive level that
picks up any muscular activity that patient
can produce
o Instruct patient to try to produce an A-V
signal

15. RECRUITMENT CON’T
o As voluntary muscular activity improves, the A-V
signal will increase. Adjust the gain to decrease
the sensitivity, so patient has to work harder to
recruit more muscular activity.
o As patient masters in one position, change
positions
o Document all parameters. Tx duration 30-60 min
o Clean up

16. INHIBITION OF SPASTICITY
• Goal: decrease undesirable muscular
activity that may be interfering with
functional movement.
• Explain to pt. Apply sensors and
demonstrate desired activity.
• Find the least sensitive setting that
produces minimal A-V feedback

17. SPASTICITY
 Have pt relax, use techniques and have pt. Lower
the A-V signal.
 As the signal decreases, lower the shaping
controls (gain), to a more sensitive level. As pt.
Relaxes better, continue to increase sensitivity
 Change positions
 Consider a muscular recruitment set up for
antagonist. For a dual channel unit. ½-1 hour

18. TYPES OF BIOFEEDBACK
Myoelectric Feedback
Postural Feedback
Feedback Goniometers
Pressure or Force Feedback
Stress related devices
Cardiovascular biofeedback

19. ©
2004
TYPES OF BIOFEEDBACK UNITS
Electromyographic
Measures electrical activity
in skeletal muscle
Peripheral
Temperature
Measures temperature
changes in distal extremities
Increased temperature
indicates a relaxed state
Decreased temperature
indicates stress, fear, or
anxiety
Photophlethysmography
Measures the amount of light
reflected by subcutaneous
tissue based on the amount of
blood flow
Galvanic skin response
Measures electrical resistance
in the skin
Moist skin conducts a current
better than dry skin

20. ADVANTAGES
 It provides corrective information to
the patient immediately
 Patient gets involved actively in his
own treatment
 It can be used during on going
activities
 It may save physiotherapist’s time

21. DISADVANTAGES
o It treat symptoms and not the underlying cause of
symptoms
o This treatment is uneconomical as all of these devices are
not available commercially at all the places.
o Biofeedback devices are unacceptable to patients who
won’t like to put wires and electronic boxes over their body
o Physical therapist may need special training for the use of
biofeedback
o Biofeedback could be just a form of training rather than
treatment

22. THANKS
• Reference
• https://thephysioclub.com/