CVD (cardiovascular disorder) and strokes are disorders that reduce blood flow to the heart, brain or body. CVD includes hypertension, angina pectoris, and myocardial infarction. Stroke is a disruption of blood supply to the brain. Major risk factors for CVD and strokes include smoking, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, diet, and inactivity. Diagnosis involves tests like ECG, echocardiography, and blood tests. Treatment focuses on lifestyle changes like avoiding smoking, healthy diet, exercise, and weight control as well as medication and surgery. India is expected to see a doubling of CVD cases in the next two decades, making it a primary cause of death. In Karnataka, CVD is

1. CVD (CARDIO VASCULAR DISORDER) &
STROKES.
PRESENTED BY.
5TH GROUP
1ST YEAR - IIHMR-B

2. DEFINITIONS
 CVD (CARDIO VASCULAR DISORDER)
It’s a disorder in which blood flow to the heart, brain or to the body
can be reduced as a result of blood clot (thrombosis) or by a build of
fatty deposits inside an artery that cause the artery to harden and
narrow.
Types 1. HYPERTENSION
2. ANGINA PECTORIS
3. MYOCORDIAL INFARCTION.
4. STROKE
Stroke is the disruption of blood supply to brain.

3. CAUSES / RISK FACTORS
 SMOKING
 CHOLESTROL
 HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE
 INSULIN RESISTANCE DIABETES
 BLOOD VESSEL INFLAMMATION
 DIETRY PATTERN
 INACTIVITY

4. DIAGNOSIS & TREATMENT
 ECG
 ECHO CARDIOGRAPHY
 CHEST X-RAY
 BLOOD TESTS
 CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY & CATHETERISATION
TREATMENT
 AVOID SMOKING
 PROPER HEALTHY DIET
 BE PHYSICALLY ACTIVE
 MAINTAIN HEALTHY WEIGHT
 REDUCE STRESS AND DEPRESSION
 MEDICINE AND SURGERIES

5. CVD STATUS IN INDIA
 Data from the WHO and limited data from India indicate that among
the major causes of death and disability, nearly 74% of the disease
burden is accounted for by NCDs.
 The WHO has estimated that in the near future, more than 70% of
chronic disease deaths in the world will occur in lower middle
income countries like India. It is expected to double in the next two
decades, making it the single largest cause of death by the year 2020.
 It ranges from anywhere between 1.3 to 4.6 million, with an annual
incidence of 491,600 to 1.8 million.
 Out of all the non communicable diseases CVD are the number 1 cause
of deaths globally.

6. CVD STATUS IN KARNATAKA
 The latest statistics from the health ministry shows that the lifestyle
diseases are rampant in Bangalore and Chennai. In Bangalore, 14%
and 21% people are suffering from diabetes and high blood pressure.
 A report of 2006 showed 1,03,000 bypass surgeries were carried out in
Karnataka. In India Cardiovascular mortality is likely to rise by 103 % in
men and 110 % in women during the period of 1985 -2015 and the
cardiovascular disease will be the greatest killer by the year 2020.
 A greater prevalence was seen among men (67%) with a male to
female ratio of 2:1. Higher proportion of women below 30 year was
due to cortical venous thrombosis (CVT).
 A family history of stroke was reported by 7.3% of patients. While 23%
did not have any risk factor, 29% had one risk factor and 30.0 and
11.6%, had 3 or more than 3 risk factors, respectively

7. THANK YOU . . . !