Step by step management of stage 2& 3 Hypertension
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This document discusses the management of a 48-year-old man presenting with vertigo, neck pain, and stage 2 hypertension. The patient is a smoker and dyslipidemic. The document outlines hypertension categories and measurement techniques. It discusses primary vs secondary hypertension and reviews guidelines for initial treatment, including lifestyle modifications and combination drug therapy with diuretics, beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, or ARBs.
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Case-1: A 23 years old gentleman presented with generalized weakness and fatigue , 2 hours after several bouts of vomiting and diarrhea. His serum potassium was 2.3 mEq/L and he had the following ECG.
Does ICP monitoring in TBI really help? by Dr Paul Goldrick
This document summarizes research on intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. It discusses several key points:
1. While ICP monitoring is commonly recommended, the evidence from randomized controlled trials does not clearly support its use. One trial found no benefit to management guided by ICP monitoring over clinical exams and CT scans.
2. Guidelines set ICP thresholds for intervention but the optimal thresholds are unclear. Some studies found thresholds of 22 mmHg for mortality and functional outcomes.
3. Monitoring cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) in addition to ICP may be important as outcomes improved with better adherence to CPP guidelines over time.
4. Effective treatments for elevated
Royal control in hypertension
- This document appears to be notes from a case presentation and discussion of treating hypertension. It describes a 50-year-old male patient presenting with shortness of breath, palpitations, and a blood pressure of 160/115 mmHg. Various investigations were conducted.
- The discussion centers around hypertension treatment guidelines and determining the appropriate treatment strategy for this patient. Various medication options and their effects are considered. The document recommends starting treatment with a bisoprolol and amlodipine combination to control the patient's blood pressure and heart rate.
Paper Presented On EECP Treatment Efficacy In Heart Failure In The American C...
The American College of Cardiology, due to the circumstance and gravity of the COVID-19 situation and its many impacts on the entire health care community, has canceled the Annual cardiology conference 2020 in Chicago. The ACC.20/WCC has made the conference Virtual from 28th to 30th March 2020. As such, all live sessions are made available along with access to new videos, abstracts, and slides.
Dr.S.Ramasamy, a research fellow of Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute and director of heal your heart, presented the virtual poster presentation 0n 29th March.
https://www.healurheart.com/eecp-press-release/paper-presented-on-enhanced-external-counter-pulsation-eecp-treatment/363
ZA Bhutto Heart Failure program Part II.pptx
building HF program in Pakistan
Unique heart failure manual part I to III , dedicated to Shaheed ZA Bhutto
ZA Bhutto HF program & network Part II.pptx
This document discusses building a multidisciplinary heart failure program and network in Sindh, Pakistan. It provides an overview of heart failure, the need for such a program due to rising rates of heart failure and gaps in care. It outlines steps to build the program, including establishing multidisciplinary heart failure clinics at different levels (grades) of care. It also discusses considerations for patient care, including evaluating new patients, follow up visits, medical therapy, device therapy, and goals of the program.
Case Study, Chapter 34, Management of Patients With Hematologic Neop.docx
Case Study, Chapter 34, Management of Patients With Hematologic Neoplasms
1. John King, 60 years of age, is a male patient who is admitted with the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. He presents with a spinal fracture of the fifth lumbar vertebrae. The patient is scheduled for a vertebroplasty of the spinal fracture. The patient is to remain on bed rest and should be log rolled. Osteolytic lesions are seen in x-rays of the skull, vertebrae, and ribs. The patient has hypercalcemia. The patient’s uric acid level is elevated. The patient has orders for zoledronic acid (Zometa), thalidomide (Thalomid), allopurinol (Zyloprim), calcitonin, ibuprofen, and Vicodin. (Learning Objective 5)
a. What nursing management should the nurse provide the patient?
Explain the indication and action of the various medications ordered to treat the patient’s symptoms.
2. Susan Clare, age 38, is admitted to the medical oncology unit with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). She has many areas of ecchymosis and petechiae on her skin, as well as generalized pallor. She states she has lost 15 pounds in the last 2 months, and often has a low-grade fever. On physical assessment, you find her liver and spleen to be enlarged on palpation. (Learning Objective 3)
a. What laboratory results would you anticipate due to her ecchymosis and petechia?
Why would it be important to inspect her gums and teeth?
a. Why is her liver enlarged?
Case Study, Chapter 37, Management of Patients With HIV Infection and AIDS
1. The nurse is planning to provide education on HIV infection transmission and prevention strategies at a local senior center. (Learning Objectives 1 and 4)
a. What should the nurse include in the session considering the needs of the older population?
2. Sallie Jefferies, 28-year-old patient, is at the obstetric clinic for a pregnancy visit. The physician informs the patient that her HIV screen test is positive. The patient has no evidence of AIDS. The nurse provides patient education regarding what HIV is and what the clinical management entails. (Learning Objective 5)
a. What clinical management is recommended for the patient during the pregnancy to help decrease the risk of transmitting HIV to the unborn child?
The patient asks the nurse how zidovudine (Retrovir) will help her unborn child from getting HIV. How should the nurse respond?
What explanation about Retrovir should the nurse provide?
The patient asks the nurse if it will be safe to breast-feed her infant after the delivery. The nurse should provide what explanation?
a. The patient asks the nurse what testing schedule for the HIV antibody is needed after her baby is born. How should the nurse respond?
Case Study, Chapter 31, Assessment and Management of Patients With Hypertension
1. Joan Smith, 55 years of age, is a female patient who presents to the intensive care unit with the diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage. The patient stopped taking her antihypertensives suddenly because of the cost of .
J clin exp card the effect of long term smoking as an independent coronary ri...
J clin exp card the effect of long term smoking as an independent coronary ri...Alexandria University, Egypt
The Effect of Long Term Smoking as an Independent Coronary Risk
Factor on Myocardial Perfusion Detected by Thallium 201 or Tc99m Sestamibi Spect Study. Samir Rafla*, Ahmed Ibrahim Abdel-Aaty, Mohammed Ibrahim Lotfy and Riham GamalTối ưu điều trị Suy tim mạn
1) Hospitalization for heart failure presents an opportunity to optimize treatment before discharge to prevent high post-discharge mortality and rehospitalization rates.
2) Guidelines recommend evaluating patients for evidence-based heart failure therapies and titrating medications during hospitalization and close follow-up after discharge.
3) Reducing heart rate at discharge through optimal beta-blocker use can significantly decrease one-year mortality risk according to studies.
Anesthetic_Management_TBI.pdf
This document discusses the anesthetic management of a patient with traumatic brain injury. It provides guidelines for maintaining appropriate cerebral perfusion pressure and intracranial pressure based on the patient's history, physical exam findings, and CT scan showing a right-sided subdural hematoma. Key recommendations include avoiding hypotension and hypoxia, treating increased intracranial pressure below 20-25 mmHg, and using hyperventilation only temporarily to avoid herniation while avoiding aggressive fluid administration that could increase cerebral edema.
From Ketamine to Collars Evidence, Controversies And An International Dialogu...
Evidence and current controversies in Trauma + Traumatic Brain Injury incuding an international discussion with PHEM experts
Anesthetic management of carotid endarterectomy [autosaved] 2
1. The document describes the anesthetic management of a carotid endarterectomy procedure in a 54-year-old male with a history of stroke and risk factors including diabetes and hypertension.
2. Intraoperatively, the patient was induced with thiopental and intubated, and anesthesia was maintained with desflurane. Monitoring included arterial and central lines.
3. The endarterectomy procedure involved clamping of the internal carotid artery and removal of atherosclerotic plaque from the vessel wall via placement of a carotid stent.
Emergency Care Of Stroke
1. The document discusses pre-hospital and emergency department management of acute stroke. It emphasizes the importance of rapid detection, transport, and treatment to maximize outcomes for stroke patients.
2. Treatment guidelines recommend administering intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for ischemic stroke within 3 hours of symptom onset to reduce disability and mortality.
3. In the emergency department, the focus is on quick assessment, diagnosis of hemorrhagic vs ischemic stroke using CT scan, and treatment or referral for definitive care such as thrombolysis within the treatment window.
Jagid, Jonathan
1. Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is important for managing patients with severe traumatic brain injury. ICP above 20-25 mmHg should be treated to reduce pressure.
2. Maintaining a cerebral perfusion pressure above 70 mmHg is effective, while pressures below 50 mmHg should be avoided. Additional monitoring of cerebral blood flow and oxygenation can help guide treatment.
3. Surgical decompression through craniectomy is an effective treatment for reducing high ICP and may improve outcomes, though results are still controversial. Younger patients and earlier surgery seem to benefit most.
real correction
This document outlines a study that will investigate the effects of a physical fitness program called "Younger Longer" on patients with resistant hypertension. A meeting is held where concepts for post-graduate research presentations are discussed. One concept presented is a randomized controlled trial that will examine the cardiovascular effects of the Younger Longer fitness program in managing resistant hypertension. The presenter receives feedback on refining their study design and methodology. Supervisors are then assigned to provide guidance on the proposed research.
Resistant Hypertension Management. 2024pptx
This document discusses the management of resistant hypertension. It defines resistant hypertension as BP that remains above goal despite treatment with three or more antihypertensive drugs, including a diuretic. It provides characteristics of true resistant hypertension and outlines a management algorithm. Device-based treatments for resistant hypertension discussed include carotid baroreceptor stimulation and arteriovenous anastomosis. Drug classes are identified where abrupt withdrawal can cause complications due to effects like sympathetic overactivity, fluid retention, or risk of angina.
Samir rafla acute heart failure- guidelines 2017
Samir Morcos Rafla is an emeritus professor of cardiology at Alexandria University who has published guidelines on acute heart failure. Heart failure can be chronic or acute, with acute heart failure defined as a rapid onset of symptoms requiring urgent therapy. It is classified based on systolic blood pressure into normotensive, hypertensive, non-hypertensive, and hypotensive subtypes. Acute heart failure is a global public health problem associated with high rates of hospitalization and mortality.
Medical Management of Heart Failure in the Clinic
This document provides guidance on the medical management of heart failure. It reviews definitions of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) versus heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). It outlines the latest guidelines for initiating and titrating evidence-based medications like beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, aldosterone antagonists, and loop diuretics. Newer therapies like sacubitril/valsartan and ivabradine are also discussed. The document addresses how to apply these guidelines to clinical cases and answers questions on the appropriate use and goals of standard heart failure medications.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an aggressive and life threatening syndrome which results from excessive immune activation, that can rapidly deteriorate and lead to multiple organ failure and death.
Similar to Step by step management of stage 2& 3 Hypertension (20)
Atypical presentation of hypertension - By Dr Jeremy
Atypical presentation of hypertension - By Dr Jeremy
Approach to a patient with QTc interval abnormality in ECG
Approach to a patient with QTc interval abnormality in ECG
Does ICP monitoring in TBI really help? by Dr Paul Goldrick
Does ICP monitoring in TBI really help? by Dr Paul Goldrick
Paper Presented On EECP Treatment Efficacy In Heart Failure In The American C...
Paper Presented On EECP Treatment Efficacy In Heart Failure In The American C...
Case Study, Chapter 34, Management of Patients With Hematologic Neop.docx
Case Study, Chapter 34, Management of Patients With Hematologic Neop.docx
J clin exp card the effect of long term smoking as an independent coronary ri...
J clin exp card the effect of long term smoking as an independent coronary ri...
From Ketamine to Collars Evidence, Controversies And An International Dialogu...
From Ketamine to Collars Evidence, Controversies And An International Dialogu...
Anesthetic management of carotid endarterectomy [autosaved] 2
Anesthetic management of carotid endarterectomy [autosaved] 2
More from PROFESSOR DR. MD. TOUFIQUR RAHMAN
Hrid Spondon Part 8 dr md toufiqur rahman .pdf
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The Pulmonary Paradox : Navigating the Challenges of Pulmonary Hypertension ...
The Pulmonary Paradox : Navigating the Challenges of Pulmonary Hypertension ...PROFESSOR DR. MD. TOUFIQUR RAHMAN
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complex and progressive
condition characterised by high blood pressure in the lungs, leading
to significant health challenges. This book is dedicated to unravelling
the intricacies of PH, encompassing its pathophysiology, diagnosis,
management and emerging research trends. It is designed to serve
as a comprehensive guide for clinicians, researchers and students
in the field of cardiology and respiratory medicine, as well as a
valuable resource for patients and their families seeking to deepen
their understanding of this condition.
The chapters of this book are structured to provide a detailed
insight into the various facets of PH. Starting with the basic
pathophysiology and classification systems, I delve into the
clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria and the nuances of
managing this condition, including both pharmacological and
non-pharmacological approaches. Special attention is given to
the unique challenges posed by pediatric PH, PH in pregnancy
and the management of co-morbidities and complications.
Recognizing the rapid advancements in the field, this book also
dedicates a significant portion to discussing current research
trends, future therapeutic targets and evolving diagnostic
techniques. Real-world case studies and patient testimonies are
included to provide a practical perspective, highlighting the
impact of PH on patients’ lives and the importance of a patient-
centered approach to care.
The field of pulmonary hypertension is one of dynamic change
and I growing understanding. Through this book, we aim to
provide a thorough and up-to-date resource that reflects the
current state of knowledge and practice in the field of PH, while
also offering a glimpse into the future directions of research and
treatment. It is my hope that this book will not only enhance the
understanding of PH among healthcare professionals but also offer
support and information to patients and their families navigating
this challenging condition.Innovations in Cardiology .pdf
I wish to express our heartfelt gratitude to the following
individuals whose unwavering support and contributions have
played a pivotal role in the creation of this book "Innovations in
Cardiology: From Fundamentals to Frontiers – Short Notes in
Cardiology," My sincere thanks go to: Professor Sufia Rahman,
Professor Abdullah Al Shafi Majumder, Professor dr. Abduz
Zaher, Professor Syed Azizul Haque, Professor Dr Nurunnahar
Fatema Begum; Professor Md. Atahar Ali, Professor Dr. Afzalur
Rahman, Professor Fazila- Tun- Nessa Malik, Professor Kh.
Qamrul Islam; Professor Dr. GM Faruque, Professor M.
Maksumul Haq,Professo Dr. Sajal Krisna Banerjee; Professor
Dr. STM Abu Azam; Professor Mir Jamal Uddin, Professor
Mohammad Abdur Rashid, Professor Dr. AKM Fazlur Rahman,
Professor Dr. Abdul Kader Akanda, Professor Dr. AQM Reza,
Professor Dr. Saiful Islam; Dr. Shams Munwar; Professor Dr.
Chaudhury Meshkat Ahmed, Professor Dr. Khaled Mohsin,
Professor Abdul Wadud Chowdhury, Professor Razia Sultana
Mahmud,Professor Dr. M Touhidul Haque; Professor Dr. Md.
Sahabuddin, Professor Prabir Kumar Das, Professor Dr. Baren
Chakraborty, Professor Dr. Amirul Khusru, Dr. Kaiser Nasrullah
Khan, Professor Ashok Dutta, Professor Md. Khalequzzaman,
Dr. Abdullah Al Jamil, Professor Dr. Amal Kumar Choudhury,
Professor Mostafa Zaman Babul, Professor Dr Dipal Krishna
Adhikary, Professor Dr. Dipankar Chandra Nag professor Dr.
Moeen Uddin Ahmed, professor Mir nesar Uddin; Brig. Gen. Dr.
Syeda Aleya Sultana,Professor Dr Syed Nasir Uddin; Professor
Dr Mohsin Hossain; Dr. Sm Shahidul Haque; Professor Dr
Tawfiq Shahriar Huq; Dr. SM Quamrul Haque; Professor Dr.
Mamunur Rashid Sizar, Professor Dr. Mohsin Ahmed, Professor
Dr. Zillur Rahman; Professor Dr. Tanjima Parveen; Professor Dr.
Harisul hoque, Dr. Reyan Anis, Dr. Ashish Dey, Dr. Mohammad
Ullah firoz, Professor Dr. Udoy Shankar Roy; Dr. Nuruddin
Tareq; Dr. Md. Towhiduzzaman, Dr. Kh. Asaduzzaman, Dr.
AKM Monwarul Islam, Dr. Abdul Momen, Dr. Md. Shafiqur
Rahman Patwary, Dr. Md, Zulfiker Ali Lenin; Dr. Mahbub
Mansur, Dr. CM Shaheen Kabir, Dr. Rumi Alam, Dr. Farah
ii
Tasneem Mowmi, Dr. Rashid Ahmed, Dr. Mohammad Anowar
Hossain, Dr. Mohammad Nasimul Gani,Professor Dr abu Tarek
Iqbal, Dr. Husnayen Nanna, Dr. Abdul Malek, Dr, Ajoy Kumar
Datta, Dr. Nur Alam; Dr. Sahela Nasrin; Dr. Haripada sarker, Dr.
Anisul Awal, Dr. Shaila Nabi; Professor Dr. Umme Salma Khan;
Dr SM Ahsan Habib; Professor Dr Solaiman Hossain; Dr. Bijoy
Dutta,Dr. Shahana Zaman; Dr. Ishrat Jahan shimu, Dr. Ibrahim
Khalil. Dr. Chayan Kumar Singha, Dr. Kazi Nazrul Islam, Dr.
Kamal pasha; professor Dr. Liakat Hossain Tapan, Professor Dr.
Mamun Iqbal, Professor Dr. MG Azam, Dr. Lima Asrin Sayami,
Dr. Smita Kanungo; Dr. Sadequl Islam Shamol; Dr. Swadesh
chakraborty; Dr. Md. Rasul Amin Shepon; Dr. Saqif shahriar;
Your collective wisdom, expertise and commitment to the field
of cardiology have enriched the content of this book. Your
mentorship and guidance have been invaluable in shapi
common cardiac arrhythmias.ppsx
Definition: Cardiac arrhythmias refer to abnormal heart rhythms, where the heartbeat may be too slow (bradycardia), too fast (tachycardia), or irregular.
These irregularities disrupt the normal electrical signaling in the heart.
Rheumatic Heart Disease.ppsx
In a world where hearts beat free and bold,
A silent foe creeps, its story untold,
Rheumatic whispers, in hushed refrain,
A tale of love's struggle, of heartache and pain.
A childhood song, innocent and sweet,
Takes a tragic turn, hearts skip a beat,
Rheumatic winds blow, fierce and unseen,
Leaving scars on hearts that once danced so keen.
Valves that should open, a rhythmic embrace,
Now bear the weight of this silent chase,
Rheumatic echoes, a haunting refrain,
Leaving imprints of sorrow, of loss and of pain.
But amidst the shadows, there's hope that glows,
A symphony of care, compassion bestows,
With knowledge and love, we stand side by side,
To mend these hearts, to be a healing guide.
Rheumatic battles, we'll face them anew,
A united front, a relentless crew,
For every heart deserves freedom's embrace,
And in the face of rheumatic storms, we'll find grace.
So let's raise our voices, let the world hear,
The fight against rheumatic pain, we hold dear,
With courage and faith, we'll rewrite the verse,
A tale of triumph, of hearts that converse.
"Rheumatic fever reminds us that our body is a delicate symphony, and neglecting even the slightest discord can lead to profound consequences." -
"In the battle against rheumatic fever, awareness and early intervention are our most potent allies."
"Rheumatic fever teaches us the vital lesson that the heart, both physical and emotional, must be nurtured with care and vigilance." -
"Every case of rheumatic fever avoided is a triumph of knowledge, compassion, and the will to protect our most vital instrument, the heart." -
"Rheumatic fever serves as a reminder that even the strongest fortresses need vigilant guardians to shield against the unseen enemies within." -
Microsoft Excel for medical postgraduates.pdf
Case Scenario: You're presenting research findings on hypertension prevalence in
different regions. What Excel chart type would best visualize the variation in
prevalence across regions?
Options: A) Line chart B) Pie chart C) Bar chart D) Scatter plot E) Radar chart Answer:
C) Bar chart
Explanation: A bar chart effectively compares values across different categories,
making it ideal for visualizing the variation in hypertension prevalence across different
regions.
Case Scenario: You're analyzing patient demographics, and you want to find the
most common blood type among your patients. What Excel function would help
you identify the mode of the blood types?
Options: A) MEDIAN B) MODE C) COUNTIF D) AVERAGE E) SUM Answer: B)
MODE
Explanation: The MODE function in Excel helps you find the most frequently occurring
value in a range, making it suitable for identifying the most common blood type among
patients.
Case Scenario: You're conducting a study on the effects of exercise on blood
pressure. What Excel tool would you use to create a summary table showing
average blood pressure before and after exercise?
Options: A) Goal Seek B) PivotTable C) Data Validation D) Filter E) Sort Answer: B)
PivotTable
Explanation: A PivotTable in Excel can summarize data and calculate averages,
making it suitable for creating a summary table showing average blood pressure before
and after exercise.
Case Scenario: You're managing patient records and need to categorize patients
into age groups for analysis. What Excel function would you use to assign each
patient to a specific age category?
Options: A) VLOOKUP B) IF C) COUNTIF D) INDEX E) MATCH Answer: B)
IF
Explanation: The IF function in Excel allows you to apply conditional logic. It's useful
for categorizing patients into age groups based on their ages.
Case Scenario: You're analyzing the effectiveness of a new drug on reducing
cholesterol levels in patients. Which Excel function would you use to calculate
the percentage reduction in cholesterol for each patient?
Options: A) SUMIF B) AVERAGEIF C) MEDIAN D) COUNTIF E) IF Answer: E) IF
Explanation: The IF function in Excel allows you to apply conditional logic. It's useful
for calculating the percentage reduction in cholesterol levels based on the original and
post-treatment values.
Case Scenario: You're preparing a presentation on global prevalence rates of
different heart diseases. What Excel chart type would best display the proportion
of each disease in relation to the whole?
Options: A) Line chart B) Scatter plot C) Bar chart D) Pie chart E) Area chart Answer:
D) Pie chart
Explanation: A pie chart effectively displays proportions and percentages, making it
ideal for showcasing the proportion of each heart disease in relation to the total.
Case Scenario: You're managing a database of medical research papers, including
titles, authors, and publication years. What Excel tool can you use to quickly find
papers published between cert
Rheumatic fever .pdf
5. A 5 years old boy presents with fever & swelling of knee and ankle joint for 3 weeks. Write down 3 important D/D. Discuss the treatment of acute rheumatic fever with carditis. (DU-09Ju)
Three important differential diagnoses of a 5-year-old boy presenting with fever and joint swelling for 3 weeks include:
Septic arthritis: This is an acute bacterial infection of a joint that causes similar symptoms to rheumatic fever but is usually monoarticular and associated with more severe pain, redness, and tenderness of the affected joint. Septic arthritis requires urgent drainage and antibiotics.
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: This is a group of chronic autoimmune disorders that can present with fever, joint swelling, and stiffness. The diagnosis is based on clinical features, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. The treatment may include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, and biologic agents.
Reactive arthritis: This is an inflammatory joint disease that can occur after an infection, especially with certain bacteria such as Chlamydia, Salmonella, or Shigella. Reactive arthritis usually affects the lower limb joints, such as knees, ankles, and feet, and may be associated with skin rash, eye inflammation, or urethritis. The treatment may include antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and corticosteroids.
Assuming the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever with carditis, the treatment usually involves a combination of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs. The antibiotics aim to eradicate the streptococcal infection and prevent further rheumatic fever recurrences, while the anti-inflammatory drugs aim to reduce the inflammation and symptoms of carditis. The specific regimen may vary depending on the severity of carditis, the presence of other complications, and the patient's age and weight. In general, the following principles apply:
Antibiotics: A 10-day course of oral or intramuscular penicillin is the first-line antibiotic for acute rheumatic fever, as it is effective against most strains of streptococci and has low toxicity. Alternative antibiotics may be used for patients who are allergic to penicillin or have recurrent rheumatic fever despite adequate penicillin therapy. Long-term prophylaxis with penicillin is recommended to prevent recurrences, usually until the age of 21 years or for 10 years after the last episode of rheumatic fever, whichever is longer.
Anti-inflammatory drugs: High-dose aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen or naproxen are usually given for the first 2-3 weeks of acute rheumatic fever to control fever, pain, and inflammation. Corticosteroids such as prednisone or methylprednisolone may be used in severe cases of carditis or when other therapies are not effective or contraindicated. The duration and dose of anti-inflammatory drugs should be tailored to the patient's response and adverse effects, such as gastric
applied anatomy for undergraduates.pptx
The Cardiovascular System: Life's Vital Transport System
The cardiovascular system, comprising the heart, blood vessels, and blood, is a fundamental physiological network in the body.
It facilitates the circulation of oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and immune cells while eliminating waste products.
Essential for maintaining tissue function, energy production, and overall homeostasis.
Defining the Cardiovascular System
The cardiovascular system, also known as the circulatory system, is a complex network responsible for circulating vital substances throughout the body.
Components of the Cardiovascular System
Heart: A muscular organ that pumps blood, generating the force required to propel blood through the blood vessels.
Blood Vessels: A network of tubes that carry blood to and from various body tissues.
Blood: A specialized fluid containing red and white blood cells, platelets, and plasma, essential for nutrient and gas exchange.
applied physiology for undergraduates.pptx
Exploring Applied Physiology of the Cardiovascular System
The cardiovascular system is a cornerstone of human health, regulating the circulation of vital nutrients, oxygen, and waste products throughout the body.
Understanding the applied physiology of this system is essential for healthcare professionals to provide effective medical care and interventions.
Importance of Applied Cardiovascular Physiology
Effective healthcare requires a deep comprehension of how the cardiovascular system functions under various conditions.
Applied physiology knowledge empowers healthcare practitioners to make informed decisions, diagnose disorders, and formulate targeted treatment plans.
Focus on Practical Applications in Healthcare
This presentation delves into the practical aspects of cardiovascular physiology that directly impact clinical practice.
We will explore how physiological concepts are translated into real-world medical scenarios and interventions.
By grasping the applied physiology of the cardiovascular system, healthcare providers can optimize patient care, enhance diagnostics, and improve treatment outcomes.
Throughout this presentation, we'll bridge the gap between theoretical understanding and its practical implications in the field of healthcare.
Understanding the Components
The cardiovascular system comprises three crucial components: the heart, blood vessels, and blood.
Heart: A muscular organ that pumps blood, ensuring a continuous flow throughout the body.
Blood Vessels: A network of tubes that transport blood to and from various tissues.
Blood: A specialized fluid that carries nutrients, oxygen, hormones, and removes waste products.
Role in Oxygen and Nutrient Delivery
Oxygen from the lungs and nutrients from the digestive system are transported to body tissues through the bloodstream.
These essential components are required for cellular metabolism and energy production.
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy .pdf
Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a type of heart disease that affects women during the last month of pregnancy or in the first few months after delivery. It is characterized by a weakened and enlarged heart muscle, which makes it difficult for the heart to pump blood efficiently to the rest of the body. The exact cause of PPCM is unknown, but it is believed to be related to the hormonal changes and increased demands on the heart that occur during pregnancy. Symptoms of PPCM can include shortness of breath, fatigue, chest pain, swelling in the legs and feet, and palpitations. Treatment for PPCM usually involves medications to improve heart function and supportive care to manage symptoms. In severe cases, advanced treatments such as implantable devices or heart transplantation may be necessary. With early diagnosis and treatment, most women with PPCM can recover completely and go on to lead healthy lives.during pregnancy.
The diagnosis of PPCM is based on clinical symptoms, such as shortness of breath, fatigue, chest pain, and edema, along with imaging studies, such as echocardiography. Treatment for PPCM usually involves medications to improve heart function and supportive care to manage symptoms. These medications can include beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, diuretics, and inotropic agents. In severe cases, advanced treatments such as mechanical circulatory support or heart transplantation may be necessary.
The prognosis for PPCM varies depending on the severity of the disease and the presence of underlying comorbidities. However, with early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, most women with PPCM can recover completely and go on to lead healthy lives. The recurrence rate of PPCM in subsequent pregnancies is approximately 20%, and women who have had PPCM are advised to avoid future pregnancies or undergo careful monitoring and management during pregnancy.
There are still many unanswered questions about PPCM, including its exact cause, optimal diagnostic and treatment strategies, and long-term outcomes. Further research is needed to better understand this complex and potentially life-threatening condition.
In conclusion, PPCM is a rare but serious form of heart disease that can occur during or after pregnancy. Early recognition and management of this condition are critical in preventing complications and improving outcomes for both the mother and the baby. Future research will continue to shed light on the pathophysiology and optimal management of PPCM.
হৃদ স্পন্দন ৫ম খন্ড .pdf
The document summarizes several topics related to health and hypertension discussed in Professor Toufiqur Rahman's book 'Rhid Spondon - 5th Part'. It provides brief descriptions of 30 topics covered in the book including common questions patients ask doctors, lifestyle advice for hypertension patients, the role of regular health checkups in detecting hypertension and diabetes, ways to prevent stroke, some facts about hypertension, and whether patients can manage blood pressure at home. It also mentions discussions on hypertension related to lifestyle during travel or living abroad. The document aims to increase awareness on hypertension management and control in an easy to understand way for patients and the general public.
হৃদ স্পন্দন ৬ষ্ঠ খন্ড -সাক্ষাৎকার পর্ব ০১
This 3 minute Bangla Vision TV program discusses urinary problems and their solutions. It features an interview with two experts - Dr. Ariful Islam, former director of the National Urinary Disease Institute, and Prof. Toufiqur Rahman Faruque from Rajshahi Medical College. The host introduces the guests and invites viewers to ask questions. The experts will discuss causes of urinary issues and effective treatment methods. Reducing urinary problems can improve quality of life.
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The document discusses the results of a study on the effects of a new drug on memory and cognitive function in older adults. The double-blind study involved giving either the new drug or a placebo to 100 volunteers aged 65-80 over a 6 month period. Testing showed those receiving the drug experienced statistically significant improvements in short-term memory retention and processing speed compared to the placebo group.
হৃদ স্পন্দন ৭ম খন্ড সাক্ষাৎকার পর্ব ০২.pdf
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
উচ্চ রক্তচাপ - নীরব ঘাতক.pdf
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Cardiac Rehabilatation .pdf
This document provides an overview of a book titled "From Heartbeat to Healing: A Comprehensive guide to Cardiac Rehabilitation" written by Professor Dr. Md. Toufiqur Rahman. The book aims to serve as a comprehensive resource for healthcare providers, patients, and families on cardiac rehabilitation. It covers various components of cardiac rehabilitation programs including medical evaluation, exercise training, nutrition counseling, psychosocial support, and medication management. The book also explores latest trends and future directions in cardiac rehabilitation.
Manual of basic CPR.pdf
Outline of CPR manual
I. Introduction
A. Definition of CPR
1. Explanation of what CPR stands for
2. Definition of CPR as a life-saving technique
B. Importance of CPR
1. Statistics on cardiac arrest and survival rates
2. Explanation of why CPR is crucial for saving lives
C. Objective of the manual
1. Explanation of what readers will learn from the manual
2. Statement of the manual's purpose
II. Getting Started with CPR
A. Assessing the situation
1. Importance of assessing the situation before starting CPR
2. Factors to consider when assessing the situation
B. Checking for responsiveness
1. Explanation of how to check for responsiveness
2. Importance of checking for responsiveness
C. Activating the emergency response system
1. Explanation of when to activate the emergency response system
2. Step-by-step guide to activating the emergency response system
III. Basic Life Support Techniques
A. Key components of basic life support
1. Explanation of the components of basic life support
2. Importance of each component
B. The ABCs of CPR
1. Explanation of the ABCs of CPR
2. Importance of each step in the ABCs of CPR
C. Performing chest compressions
1. Explanation of how to perform chest compressions
2. Importance of proper chest compression technique
D. Delivering rescue breaths
1. Explanation of how to deliver rescue breaths
2. Importance of proper rescue breath technique
E. Utilizing an automated external defibrillator (AED)
1. Explanation of what an AED is and how it works
2. Step-by-step guide to using an AED
F. Administering medications during CPR
1. Explanation of medications used during CPR
2. Dosages and administration guidelines for each medication
IV. Advanced Life Support Techniques
A. Advanced airway management
1. Explanation of advanced airway management techniques
2. Importance of advanced airway management in CPR
B. Advanced monitoring techniques
1. Explanation of advanced monitoring techniques
2. Importance of advanced monitoring in CPR
C. Invasive interventions
1. Explanation of invasive interventions
2. Importance of invasive interventions in CPR
D. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
1. Explanation of ECMO
2. Importance of ECMO in CPR
V. Improving Outcomes in CPR
A. Factors influencing CPR outcomes
1. Explanation of factors that influence CPR outcomes
2. Importance of understanding these factors
B. Strategies for improving CPR outcomes
1. Explanation of strategies for improving CPR outcomes
2. Importance of implementing these strategies
C. The role of high-quality CPR in improving outcomes
1. Explanation of what high-quality CPR is
2. Importance of performing high-quality CPR
VI. Special Considerations in CPR
A. CPR in special populations
1. Explanation of special populations that require unique CPR techniques
2. Importance of understanding these unique CPR techniques
B. CPR in special settings
1. Explanation of special settings that require unique CPR techniques
2. Importance of understanding these unique CPR techniques
C.
world Hypertension day 2023.pdf
The document discusses World Hypertension Day, which is observed annually on May 17th to raise awareness about hypertension. It provides information on understanding hypertension, including risk factors and health implications. The presentation's objectives are to raise awareness, promote prevention, encourage collaboration, share resources, and inspire action to address the growing issue of hypertension worldwide.
Management of hypertension in elderly .pdf
. Introduction
A. Definition and prevalence of hypertension in the elderly
B. Importance of managing hypertension in this population
II. Risk Factors and Complications
A. Common risk factors for hypertension in the elderly
B. Potential complications associated with uncontrolled hypertension
III. Diagnostic Process
A. Blood pressure measurement techniques and guidelines
B. Target blood pressure goals for elderly patients
C. Identification of secondary causes of hypertension
IV. Non-Pharmacological Management
A. Lifestyle modifications
1. Dietary recommendations (e.g., DASH diet, sodium reduction)
2. Weight management and physical activity
3. Smoking cessation and alcohol moderation
B. Stress management and relaxation techniques
V. Pharmacological Management
A. First-line antihypertensive medications
B. Considerations for drug selection in the elderly
1. Drug interactions and comorbidities
2. Adverse effects and tolerability
C. Individualized treatment approach based on patient characteristics
VI. Monitoring and Follow-Up
A. Frequency of blood pressure monitoring
B. Importance of medication adherence
C. Adjusting treatment based on patient response
D. Collaborative care and involvement of healthcare professionals
VII. Special Considerations
A. Polypharmacy and medication management
B. Management of hypertension in frail and institutionalized elderly
C. Cognitive impairment and medication adherence
VIII. Controversies and Challenges
A. Blood pressure targets and guidelines in the elderly
B. Conflicting evidence on specific antihypertensive agents
C. Adherence issues and barriers to effective management
IX. Conclusion
A. Summary of key points discussed
B. Importance of comprehensive management in elderly patients
C. Future directions in hypertension management for the elderly
Basic CPR .pptx
I. Introduction
A. Definition of CPR
1. Explanation of what CPR stands for
2. Definition of CPR as a life-saving technique
B. Importance of CPR
1. Statistics on cardiac arrest and survival rates
2. Explanation of why CPR is crucial for saving lives
C. Objective of the manual
1. Explanation of what readers will learn from the manual
2. Statement of the manual's purpose
II. Getting Started with CPR
A. Assessing the situation
1. Importance of assessing the situation before starting CPR
2. Factors to consider when assessing the situation
B. Checking for responsiveness
1. Explanation of how to check for responsiveness
2. Importance of checking for responsiveness
C. Activating the emergency response system
1. Explanation of when to activate the emergency response system
2. Step-by-step guide to activating the emergency response system
III. Basic Life Support Techniques
A. Key components of basic life support
1. Explanation of the components of basic life support
2. Importance of each component
B. The ABCs of CPR
1. Explanation of the ABCs of CPR
2. Importance of each step in the ABCs of CPR
C. Performing chest compressions
1. Explanation of how to perform chest compressions
2. Importance of proper chest compression technique
D. Delivering rescue breaths
1. Explanation of how to deliver rescue breaths
2. Importance of proper rescue breath technique
E. Utilizing an automated external defibrillator (AED)
1. Explanation of what an AED is and how it works
2. Step-by-step guide to using an AED
F. Administering medications during CPR
1. Explanation of medications used during CPR
2. Dosages and administration guidelines for each medication
IV. Advanced Life Support Techniques
A. Advanced airway management
1. Explanation of advanced airway management techniques
2. Importance of advanced airway management in CPR
B. Advanced monitoring techniques
1. Explanation of advanced monitoring techniques
2. Importance of advanced monitoring in CPR
C. Invasive interventions
1. Explanation of invasive interventions
2. Importance of invasive interventions in CPR
D. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
1. Explanation of ECMO
2. Importance of ECMO in CPR
V. Improving Outcomes in CPR
A. Factors influencing CPR outcomes
1. Explanation of factors that influence CPR outcomes
2. Importance of understanding these factors
B. Strategies for improving CPR outcomes
1. Explanation of strategies for improving CPR outcomes
2. Importance of implementing these strategies
C. The role of high-quality CPR in improving outcomes
1. Explanation of what high-quality CPR is
2. Importance of performing high-quality CPR
VI. Special Considerations in CPR
A. CPR in special populations
1. Explanation of special populations that require unique CPR techniques
2. Importance of understanding these unique CPR techniques
B. CPR in special settings
1. Explanation of special settings that require unique CPR techniques
2. Importance of understanding these unique CPR techniques
C. CPR during a pandemic
1
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Editor's Notes
- Figure 3 Initiation of blood pressure-lowering treatment (lifestyle changes and medication) at different initial office blood pressure levels. BP = blood pressure; CAD = coronary artery disease; CVD = cardiovascular disease; HMOD = hypertension-mediated organ damage.
- Figure 4 Core drug treatment strategy for uncomplicated hypertension. The core algorithm is also appropriate for most patients with HMOD, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, or PAD. ACEi = angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker; CCB = calcium channel blocker; HMOD = hypertension-mediated organ damage; MI = myocardial infarction; o.d. = omni die (every day); PAD = peripheral artery disease.