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Discuss the two most important models of curriculum development system analysis model of curriculum, demonstration model of curriculum
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00952
This document provides an overview of research in evolutionary perspectives. It discusses how research is a way of thinking that involves identifying and refining questions to find answers through inductive and deductive reasoning. Research can be conducted at different levels with constraints. New statistical methods and tools like analysis of variance, meta-analysis, multidimensional scaling, path analysis, and neuroimaging have expanded the types of phenomena that can be studied. Interdisciplinary teams now tackle questions across disciplines using high-speed computers and connectionist models. Science is constantly evolving as new questions arise and techniques develop.
System model
The document discusses system theory and its application to organizational development. It provides an overview of key aspects of system theory including:
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- Ludwig von Bertalanffy first described general systems theory in 1950 and Kenz & Kahn applied open systems theory to organizations in 1966.
- Organizations can be analyzed using models like the congruence model, which depicts the organization as an input-output system transforming inputs from the environment, resources, and history into outputs like performance.
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Recommended
00952
This document provides an overview of research in evolutionary perspectives. It discusses how research is a way of thinking that involves identifying and refining questions to find answers through inductive and deductive reasoning. Research can be conducted at different levels with constraints. New statistical methods and tools like analysis of variance, meta-analysis, multidimensional scaling, path analysis, and neuroimaging have expanded the types of phenomena that can be studied. Interdisciplinary teams now tackle questions across disciplines using high-speed computers and connectionist models. Science is constantly evolving as new questions arise and techniques develop.
System model
The document discusses system theory and its application to organizational development. It provides an overview of key aspects of system theory including:
- System theory views organizations as open systems that exchange with their environments.
- Ludwig von Bertalanffy first described general systems theory in 1950 and Kenz & Kahn applied open systems theory to organizations in 1966.
- Organizations can be analyzed using models like the congruence model, which depicts the organization as an input-output system transforming inputs from the environment, resources, and history into outputs like performance.
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This document is a learning diary for a course on system thinking and modeling. It summarizes the key lessons and insights gained from each of the 12 weekly sessions, including introductions to systems and how they develop, applying systems thinking, case studies of Toyota and public sector organizations, and a group project. The diary reflects on developing an understanding of systems as interconnected rather than just collections of parts, and how system thinking can help analyze and improve complex social systems.
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1. Engineering aims to improve the physical world for the better according to various definitions of better, such as ethics, technoevolutionary improvement, or minimizing unpleasant surprises.
2. Contemporary systems engineering teaches state-of-the-art (SoTA) practices, including continuous software engineering, cyber-physical systems engineering, and enterprise engineering, generalized for all types of systems.
3. There have been three generations of systems approaches since the 1940s, moving from viewing the system in its environment to recognizing that systems are created by other systems through engineering practices to seeing systems as techno-organisms that evolve through technoevolutionary processes.
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1. The document discusses formal methods for specifying fault tolerant systems, defining them as methods that use mathematics and logic to introduce rigor into the software development process.
2. It proposes a schema for evaluating formal methods that includes having an underlying computational model, a defined language, defined steps and guidance for applying the method.
3. The document outlines a three step method for specifying fault tolerant systems that involves defining system boundaries, deriving specifications, and exposing assumptions about the environment.
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This document discusses teaching systems thinking concepts to K-12 students. It defines systems thinking as viewing problems as interconnected parts of a whole system rather than isolated events, and emphasizes modeling systems and their dynamics over time. Examples are given of education and supermarket systems. The document recommends using modeling software and "roadmaps" to develop students' understanding of feedback loops, stocks and flows. The goal is to create "systems citizens" who can analyze complex problems systemically.
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Systems Thinking BasicsFrom Concepts to Causal LoopsVi.docx
Systems Thinking Basics
From Concepts to Causal Loops
Virginia Anderson
AND Lauren Johnson
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
Waltham, Massachusetts
© 1997 by Pegasus Communications, Inc.
First printing March 1997
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any
information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publisher. For
additional copies, information about other titles published by Pegasus Communications, Inc.,
or general inquiries, contact:
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
One Moody Street
Waltham, MA 02453-5339 USA
Phone 800-272-0945 / 781-398-9700
Fax 781-894-7175
[email protected][email protected]
www.pegasuscom.com
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Anderson, Virginia, 1947–
Systems Thinking Basics: From Concepts to Causal Loops / by Virginia Anderson and Lauren Johnson.
p. cm.
ISBN 1-883823-12-9
1. Industrial management—Case studies—Problems, exercises, etc.
2. Systems analysis—Problems, exercises, etc. 3. Decision making—exercises, etc.
I. Johnson, Lauren. II. Title.
HD30. 19. A53 1997
658.4’032—dc21 96-39762
CIP
Acquiring editor: Kellie Wardman O’Reilly
Project editor: Lauren Johnson
Production, art, and design: Boynton Hue Studio
First edition.
mailto:[email protected]
mailto:[email protected]
http://www.pegasuscom.com
To the Reader: Why Use This Book? vii
SECTION 1 WHAT ARE SYSTEMS? 1
What Is a System? 2
Events, Patterns, Structure 5
L E A R N I N G A C T I V I T I E S 10
1: Identifying Systems 10
2: Reflecting on System Characteristics 13
3: Understanding System Feedback 14
SECTION 2 WHAT IS SYSTEMS THINKING? 17
The Principles of Systems Thinking 18
Systems Thinking as a Special Language 20
L E A R N I N G A C T I V I T I E S 22
1: Stretching the Timeline 22
2: The Shape of the Problem 25
3: Is Time on Your Side? 29
4: From Short Term to Long Term 30
5: In the Midst of a Problem 34
SECTION 3 UNCOVERING SYSTEMIC STRUCTURES:
DRAWING BEHAVIOR OVER TIME GRAPHS 37
Formulating a Problem 38
Identifying Variables 40
Drawing Behavior Over Time Graphs 42
L E A R N I N G A C T I V I T I E S 45
1: The Problem with Price Promotions 45
2: The Case of the Energy Drain 46
3: The Case of the Audio-Electronic Roller Coaster 48
v
C O N T E N T S
SECTION 4 UNCOVERING SYSTEMIC STRUCTURES:
BUILDING CAUSAL LOOP DIAGRAMS 51
Anatomy of a Causal Loop Diagram 52
Building a Causal Loop Diagram 58
About Multiloop Diagrams 64
L E A R N I N G A C T I V I T I E S 65
1: The Case of the Plateauing Profits 65
2: The Case of the Collapsing Banks 66
3: The “Organic To Go” Story 67
4: The Case of the Restricted Revenues 70
5: The All-for-One Cooperative 73
6: The Probl ...
INI_800_Lecture_1_Introduction.pdf
This lecture provides an introduction to research methodology and design. It defines key terms related to research methodology, discusses different ontological and epistemological perspectives, and reviews different types of research design. The key points covered include:
- Defining research, methodology, method, and design. Research aims to generate new knowledge through scientific methods.
- Different ontological views including positivism, constructivism, and critical realism. Epistemological views include positivism and constructivism.
- The construction of knowledge involves moving between theory, observation, and data collection.
- Different research designs including experimental, surveys, case studies, and ethnographic studies.
- Essential attributes of
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The document discusses systems theory and its application to management. It provides background on systems theory and how it originated from biology and was applied to management. Some key points made include:
- Systems theory takes a holistic approach but does not entirely dismiss reductionism. It is important to understand the parts as well as the whole.
- Dynamic capabilities framework can serve as a workable systems theory for management by taking a holistic view of the enterprise and environment, understanding interdependencies, and emphasizing entrepreneurial action and transformation.
- Both systems theory and dynamic capabilities are difficult to apply given deep specialization in education and practice but provide a more comprehensive understanding of complex realities than other approaches.
Systematic inventive thinking
Systematic Inventive Thinking (SIT) is a methodology for creativity and problem-solving developed in the 1990s based on Genrich Altshuller's TRIZ method. At the core of SIT is the idea that inventive solutions share common patterns. SIT helps organizations develop a culture of innovation through programs that generate innovative yet practical ideas. The methodology utilizes five thinking tools and principles, most notably the "Closed World" principle which requires solving problems using only existing resources within the defined problem space.
Paradigms and professionals
This document discusses paradigms and professionals in sustainable development philosophy. It covers changes in thinking from science to systems approaches, the demise of narrow scientism in favor of holism, and a range of systems approaches to problem solving like soft systems methods, learning organizations, participatory rural appraisal, and logical frameworks. Emerging premises for sustainable development include using sustainability as a measure of system wholeness, acknowledging stakeholder subjectivity, and developing participatory tools to further thinking and modeling.
Induction of Decision Trees
The technology for building knowledge-based systems by inductive inference from examples has
been demonstrated successfully in several practical applications. This paper summarizes an approach to
synthesizing decision trees that has been used in a variety of systems, and it describes one such system,
ID3, in detail. Results from recent studies show ways in which the methodology can be modified to deal
with information that is noisy and/or incomplete. A reported shortcoming of the basic algorithm is
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شناسایی ائتلاف استراتژیک بهینه با در نظر گرفتن نقش نوآوری باز در طنجیره تامین...
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On Machine Learning and Data Mining
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Chapter One principles and Ethics in Research.pptx
The document discusses different types of research approaches including inductive, deductive, abductive, empirical, conceptual, basic, applied, experimental, explorative, phenomenological, evaluative, action research, and ethnographic research. It provides examples of how these different approaches could be applied in translation studies research and clarifies key terminology used in research such as methodology, methods, concepts, theories, models and frameworks.
Smart-GoodnessOfTheUniverse-SteppingIntoFuture2022NEW.pptx
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Capítulo 2
The document outlines the key theories and approaches in the development of management, including:
- Scientific management pioneered by Taylor focused on efficiency and incentives.
- General administrative theorists like Fayol and Weber developed principles of bureaucracy and management.
- Quantitative, systems, and contingency approaches analyzed organizations scientifically.
- Current issues include globalization, ethics, diversity, e-business, and knowledge/quality management.
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Introduction to Systemics with focus on Systems Biology
The core content discusses the terminology used in Systems Sciences, the systems thinking/approach or Systemics. Focus is kept on Systems Biology for the most part of the presentations where it is compared with other disciplines and examples of Systems Biology approach and challenges of systems science are also discussed.
The sad thing about uploading this to Slide Share is that animations don't work.
Systems Thinking BasicsFrom Concepts to Causal LoopsVi.docx
Systems Thinking Basics
From Concepts to Causal Loops
Virginia Anderson
AND Lauren Johnson
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
Waltham, Massachusetts
© 1997 by Pegasus Communications, Inc.
First printing March 1997
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any
information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publisher. For
additional copies, information about other titles published by Pegasus Communications, Inc.,
or general inquiries, contact:
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
One Moody Street
Waltham, MA 02453-5339 USA
Phone 800-272-0945 / 781-398-9700
Fax 781-894-7175
[email protected][email protected]
www.pegasuscom.com
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Anderson, Virginia, 1947–
Systems Thinking Basics: From Concepts to Causal Loops / by Virginia Anderson and Lauren Johnson.
p. cm.
ISBN 1-883823-12-9
1. Industrial management—Case studies—Problems, exercises, etc.
2. Systems analysis—Problems, exercises, etc. 3. Decision making—exercises, etc.
I. Johnson, Lauren. II. Title.
HD30. 19. A53 1997
658.4’032—dc21 96-39762
CIP
Acquiring editor: Kellie Wardman O’Reilly
Project editor: Lauren Johnson
Production, art, and design: Boynton Hue Studio
First edition.
mailto:[email protected]
mailto:[email protected]
http://www.pegasuscom.com
To the Reader: Why Use This Book? vii
SECTION 1 WHAT ARE SYSTEMS? 1
What Is a System? 2
Events, Patterns, Structure 5
L E A R N I N G A C T I V I T I E S 10
1: Identifying Systems 10
2: Reflecting on System Characteristics 13
3: Understanding System Feedback 14
SECTION 2 WHAT IS SYSTEMS THINKING? 17
The Principles of Systems Thinking 18
Systems Thinking as a Special Language 20
L E A R N I N G A C T I V I T I E S 22
1: Stretching the Timeline 22
2: The Shape of the Problem 25
3: Is Time on Your Side? 29
4: From Short Term to Long Term 30
5: In the Midst of a Problem 34
SECTION 3 UNCOVERING SYSTEMIC STRUCTURES:
DRAWING BEHAVIOR OVER TIME GRAPHS 37
Formulating a Problem 38
Identifying Variables 40
Drawing Behavior Over Time Graphs 42
L E A R N I N G A C T I V I T I E S 45
1: The Problem with Price Promotions 45
2: The Case of the Energy Drain 46
3: The Case of the Audio-Electronic Roller Coaster 48
v
C O N T E N T S
SECTION 4 UNCOVERING SYSTEMIC STRUCTURES:
BUILDING CAUSAL LOOP DIAGRAMS 51
Anatomy of a Causal Loop Diagram 52
Building a Causal Loop Diagram 58
About Multiloop Diagrams 64
L E A R N I N G A C T I V I T I E S 65
1: The Case of the Plateauing Profits 65
2: The Case of the Collapsing Banks 66
3: The “Organic To Go” Story 67
4: The Case of the Restricted Revenues 70
5: The All-for-One Cooperative 73
6: The Probl ...
INI_800_Lecture_1_Introduction.pdf
This lecture provides an introduction to research methodology and design. It defines key terms related to research methodology, discusses different ontological and epistemological perspectives, and reviews different types of research design. The key points covered include:
- Defining research, methodology, method, and design. Research aims to generate new knowledge through scientific methods.
- Different ontological views including positivism, constructivism, and critical realism. Epistemological views include positivism and constructivism.
- The construction of knowledge involves moving between theory, observation, and data collection.
- Different research designs including experimental, surveys, case studies, and ethnographic studies.
- Essential attributes of
Dynamic Capabilities as (workable) Systems Theory
The document discusses systems theory and its application to management. It provides background on systems theory and how it originated from biology and was applied to management. Some key points made include:
- Systems theory takes a holistic approach but does not entirely dismiss reductionism. It is important to understand the parts as well as the whole.
- Dynamic capabilities framework can serve as a workable systems theory for management by taking a holistic view of the enterprise and environment, understanding interdependencies, and emphasizing entrepreneurial action and transformation.
- Both systems theory and dynamic capabilities are difficult to apply given deep specialization in education and practice but provide a more comprehensive understanding of complex realities than other approaches.
Systematic inventive thinking
Systematic Inventive Thinking (SIT) is a methodology for creativity and problem-solving developed in the 1990s based on Genrich Altshuller's TRIZ method. At the core of SIT is the idea that inventive solutions share common patterns. SIT helps organizations develop a culture of innovation through programs that generate innovative yet practical ideas. The methodology utilizes five thinking tools and principles, most notably the "Closed World" principle which requires solving problems using only existing resources within the defined problem space.
Paradigms and professionals
This document discusses paradigms and professionals in sustainable development philosophy. It covers changes in thinking from science to systems approaches, the demise of narrow scientism in favor of holism, and a range of systems approaches to problem solving like soft systems methods, learning organizations, participatory rural appraisal, and logical frameworks. Emerging premises for sustainable development include using sustainability as a measure of system wholeness, acknowledging stakeholder subjectivity, and developing participatory tools to further thinking and modeling.
Induction of Decision Trees
The technology for building knowledge-based systems by inductive inference from examples has
been demonstrated successfully in several practical applications. This paper summarizes an approach to
synthesizing decision trees that has been used in a variety of systems, and it describes one such system,
ID3, in detail. Results from recent studies show ways in which the methodology can be modified to deal
with information that is noisy and/or incomplete. A reported shortcoming of the basic algorithm is
discussed and two means of overcoming it are compared. The paper concludes with illustrations of current
research directions.
Edgar huse systems and the change process
Systems and Change Process is important in Organizational Development (OD). Edgar Huse presents various theories as approaches for OD Practitioners
Pert20
This chapter provides an overview of conceptual approaches and theoretical foundations for EUIS project management. It discusses six conceptual approaches to systems analysis: organizational communications, functional, decision support, information resource management, quality of work life, and management of computing resources. General systems theory is also covered, defining a system and discussing characteristics like open/closed systems and entropy. Coordination theory and action research are introduced as additional frameworks. The EUIS project management method is outlined as applying these theories through eight steps with deliverables, from defining the project scope to institutionalizing results.
Action research strategies for Researching Organizations and Management Pract...
Learn the Action Research case study approach for studying organizations and managers and explore collaboration and management practices through the SSM and TIP processes. Understand how the action learning spiral can provide credibility, validity, and reliability for this research.
Complexity Thinking
An overview of Systems Thinking, and how to apply the ideas of Complexity Theory to management of systems, with the results being called "Complexity Thinking".
This presentation is part of the Management 3.0 course created by Jurgen Appelo.
http://www.management30.com/course-introduction/
What are systems and how does this apply to school leadership
This document provides an introduction to systems thinking for school leaders. It defines a system as a set of interconnected parts that produce emergent behaviors not present in the individual parts. Systems thinking recognizes that the world consists of highly interconnected technical and social entities organized in hierarchies that produce complex and uncertain behaviors. The document discusses key concepts in systems thinking including layers, loops, and processes to understand how change happens within systems. It emphasizes integrating both hard, physical aspects and soft, human aspects of systems and considering purpose, stakeholders, and relationships between components that influence system performance.
Ung kyu han yor presentation_april_2011 [compatibility mode]
This document discusses applying philosophical insights from system dynamics to modeling regional innovation systems. It begins by discussing system dynamics as both a tool and paradigm. It then explores the role of mental models and different philosophical views in system dynamics modeling, including constructivism and positivism. Previous related work applying various philosophies to system dynamics is reviewed. The document proposes a dualistic philosophical view could be useful. It then discusses features of innovation systems and applying different philosophical views to conceptualize regional versus national innovation systems. The document concludes different philosophical perspectives influence how problems in innovation systems are defined and policies developed.
Activity Systems Analysis in Design Research
This is a talk about activity systems analysis and its application for design research. This talk was prepared for students and faculty at Florida State University.
شناسایی ائتلاف استراتژیک بهینه با در نظر گرفتن نقش نوآوری باز در طنجیره تامین...
The Disaster Resilience of Place (DROP) model examines how organizations and communities prepare for, respond to, and recover from disasters. Organizations and communities that exhibit low vulnerability and high resilience tend to recover quickly from disasters and use experiences to improve preparedness. Those with high vulnerability and low resilience often recover slowly or not at all. The concept of resilience originated in ecology and has two aspects - engineering resilience focuses on resistance and speed of return to the pre-disaster equilibrium, while ecological resilience emphasizes adaptation, transformation if needed, and the ability to thrive in a new context after a disturbance.
Systems for sustainability workshop
These are the slides which I used is a 3 day workshop which I gave to university students in Brazil. Any feedback, and additional material that I could use (text, pictures, cartoons or videos), very gratefully received.
On Machine Learning and Data Mining
The document discusses the differences between machine learning (ML), statistical learning, data mining (DM), and automated learning (AL). It argues that while ML and statistical learning developed similar techniques starting in the 1960s, DM emerged in the 1990s from a merging of database research and automated learning. However, industry was much more enthusiastic about adopting DM techniques compared to AL techniques, even though many DM systems are just friendly interfaces of AL systems. The document aims to explain the key differences between DM and AL that led to DM's greater commercial success.
Chapter One principles and Ethics in Research.pptx
The document discusses different types of research approaches including inductive, deductive, abductive, empirical, conceptual, basic, applied, experimental, explorative, phenomenological, evaluative, action research, and ethnographic research. It provides examples of how these different approaches could be applied in translation studies research and clarifies key terminology used in research such as methodology, methods, concepts, theories, models and frameworks.
Smart-GoodnessOfTheUniverse-SteppingIntoFuture2022NEW.pptx
The document provides an overview of a presentation by John Smart on evolution, development, and the future of networks. It discusses concepts like autopoesis, universal development from outer to inner space, and the "goodness of the universe." The presentation outlines that evolution and development can both be seen in life and the universe, with unpredictable evolutionary processes working with predictable developmental processes to create complexity. It also discusses models of evolutionary development dynamics and examples of evolutionary convergences.
Capítulo 2
The document outlines the key theories and approaches in the development of management, including:
- Scientific management pioneered by Taylor focused on efficiency and incentives.
- General administrative theorists like Fayol and Weber developed principles of bureaucracy and management.
- Quantitative, systems, and contingency approaches analyzed organizations scientifically.
- Current issues include globalization, ethics, diversity, e-business, and knowledge/quality management.
Similar to curriculum development (20)
Introduction to Systemics with focus on Systems Biology
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Systems Thinking BasicsFrom Concepts to Causal LoopsVi.docx
Action research strategies for Researching Organizations and Management Pract...
Action research strategies for Researching Organizations and Management Pract...
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What are systems and how does this apply to school leadership
Ung kyu han yor presentation_april_2011 [compatibility mode]
Ung kyu han yor presentation_april_2011 [compatibility mode]
شناسایی ائتلاف استراتژیک بهینه با در نظر گرفتن نقش نوآوری باز در طنجیره تامین...
شناسایی ائتلاف استراتژیک بهینه با در نظر گرفتن نقش نوآوری باز در طنجیره تامین...
Chapter One principles and Ethics in Research.pptx
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evaluate aspects of education in the perspectives of wardha scheme of education in reference to present era.
juvenile deliquency
This document defines juvenile delinquency and explores its causes and remedies. Juvenile delinquents are defined as minors who break social norms and laws. Common delinquent acts include running away, idling, vulgar language, theft and sexual offenses. Causes of delinquency include factors like broken homes, poverty, bad influences, and inner desires. Suggested preventive measures include re-education, counseling, and behavioral modification. Rehabilitation methods center around legislative actions, reformatory schools, courts, and cooperation between government and private agencies. Overall the document examines the characteristics, causes and potential solutions related to juvenile delinquency.
U.e c(1948 49)
whole some explanation on "university education commission{1948-49} along with the recommendations given by the commission.
Value education
meaning, definitions concept, nature significance, need, and importance of value education in our daily life
Sampling
concept , meaning, merits and demerits as well as methods along with their meaning,characteristics and its merits and demerits of sampling. difference between probability sampling and non-probability sampling i tabular form along with diagrammatic chart
HUMAN RIGHTS IN ASPECTS OF EDUCATION
WHAT ARE HUMAN RIGHTS, ITS NEED AND USABILITY AS WELL ITS IMPORTANCE, AND SOME FACTS IN ASPECT OF EDUCATION
inclusive and exclusive education
topic related to special education training program/course help to get the deep information about physically and cognitively challenged people, as well their instruction process techniques used in imparting the education to them.
Research method in education
What is data? its type, tool and techniques to be used in educational research or action research, along with their advantages and disadvantages.
Philosophical, sociological, economical basis of education
Education and MDGs {Millennium Development Goals}, clear explanation of our 8 Development goals mentioned by U.N.
Methods of educational psychology and research.
methods related to research as well as in studying the behavior of human,most relatable content related to educational psychology and diagnosing the the human behavior
Mental retardation
showing the definition, characteristics, identification, of mental retardation. As well as differentiate between mental retardation and mental defficiency. Along with I.Q Grade Scale showing the retardation.
ICT and EDUCATION
Elaborate the meaning ,need ,advantages etc on the topic online tutoring.showing the relationship the need of tutor in our daily life in the present era of D- Learning.
Education for specialize children
In this I give detailed explanation on topic children having suffering from learning disability, as well as their identification, problems and some educational Programme.
Instructional planning for effective teaching
meaning of instructional planning, how it plays a vital role in becoming the teacher, as a teacher how we use planing during the teaching process
Liberasition and education
Describe the rules and regulations, to improve the quality of providing better educational services in the country.
Errors in research
In educational research, Research errors may be grouped under some headings:
1. Sampling errors
2. Measurement errors
3. Statistical errors
4. Interpretation errors
along with suggestions to reduce them
Errors in conducting research
discussing the types of errors occur in doing research:
1. Theortical errors
2. Methodological errors
Enterprenure and education
Describe the relationship between entrepreneurship and education
discuss the education as the point of becoming an entrepreneur?
Curriculum Evalution
The text related to Curriculum Development
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
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Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
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Event Link:- https://meetups.mulesoft.com/events/details/mulesoft-mysore-presents-mule-event-processing-models/
Agenda
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● Types of event processing models in Mule 4
● Distinction between the reactive, parallel, blocking & non-blocking processing
For Upcoming Meetups Join Mysore Meetup Group - https://meetups.mulesoft.com/mysore/YouTube:- youtube.com/@mulesoftmysore
Mysore WhatsApp group:- https://chat.whatsapp.com/EhqtHtCC75vCAX7gaO842N
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Shubham Chaurasia - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shubhamchaurasia1/
Giridhar Meka - https://www.linkedin.com/in/giridharmeka
Priya Shaw - https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-shaw
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curriculum development
- 1. • SYSTEM ANALYSIS • DEMONSTRATION
- 2. What is a system? A system is a collection of elements, interacting with each other to achieve a common goal. Crunkilton and Finch (1999)
- 3. SYSTEM ANALYSIS System can be either closed or open, living or non- living. The living system are open system. Ludwing von Bertalanffy,(1952) is said to be the father of general system theory said, “ the principle of wholeness, of organization & of a dynamic conception of reality becomes apparent in all field of science”. The largest system is the universe itself & the smallest system is atom.
- 4. Kesha & million system approach is one of the technique which aims at fining the most efficient and economically intelligent method for solving the problems of education scientifically.
- 5. STEPS OF SYSTEM ANALYSIS Formulation of objectives Review of system operation Collection of data Analysis of data Identification of the problem Specify operation in the problem Block
- 6. Procedure of system analysis model DESIGNS EVALUATION
- 8. EXAMPLE FOR THE APPLICATION OF SYSTEM ANALYSIS TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM IMPROVE THE EXAMINATION SYSTEM
- 10. DEMONSTRATION : It’s a visualized explanation of facts, concepts and procedure. Purpose: 1. Designed to show the learner how to perform certain psychomotor skill. 2. Designed to show learner why certain things occur.
- 11. STEPS OF DEMONSTRATION • INTRODUCTING THE LESSON PLANNING & PRESENTATION • INTEGRATION & EVALUTION PRESENTATION DEVELOPMENT
- 12. Advantage and Disadvantage of Demonstration Advantage Show learner the skill step by step. Each learner sees what is going on. Provide immediate practice by the learner himself. Can be used with individual or group. Disadvantage Costly if much equipment is involved. Need careful preparation. Need careful attention.
- 13. By:- Aastha Bhatia Creative glory