This document discusses culture media and culture methods. It provides information on the major contributors to culture media, including Louis Pasteur, Robert Koch, and Frau Hesse. It describes the basic requirements of culture media such as nutrients, mineral salts, and pH. Different types of culture media are outlined, including solid, liquid, and semi-solid media as well as enriched, selective, indicator, and differential media. Common media like blood agar and MacConkey agar are also mentioned. The document concludes by noting that culture methods depend on the intended purpose, such as isolating bacteria in pure culture or demonstrating their properties.
Culture medium is a substance used to grow microorganisms outside the body. It provides nutrients like carbon, nitrogen, minerals and growth factors. Culture media can be solid, semi-solid or liquid. They are classified as simple, complex, synthetic or special based on ingredients. Special media include enriched media which adds substances like blood or serum, and selective media which uses antibiotics to inhibit certain bacteria. Differential and transport media are also used to identify bacteria or safely transport clinical samples for identification.
This document provides information on microbial culture and growth conditions. It discusses that media provides the necessary nutrients to support microbial growth. Different types of media are used for different purposes, such as general purpose media, enriched media to support fastidious microbes, selective media that inhibits some bacteria, and differential media that distinguishes between organisms. Examples of common media like nutrient agar and specific media like MacConkey agar are described. The document also outlines culture techniques for anaerobic and microaerophilic bacteria that require specialized environments to grow.
A culture media is a special medium used in microbiological laboratories to grow different kinds of microorganisms. A growth or a culture medium is composed of different nutrients that are essential for microbial growth.
Since there are many types of microorganisms, each having unique properties and requiring specific nutrients for growth, there are many types based on what nutrients they contain and what function they play in the growth of microorganisms.
A culture may be solid or liquid. The solid culture media is composed of a brown jelly like substance known as agar. Different nutrients and chemicals are added to it to allow the growth of different microorganisms.
This document provides information on the bacteria Proteus, including its characteristics, virulence factors, infections it causes, identification and treatment. It notes that Proteus is a gram-negative, motile bacillus that is commonly found in the intestines and can cause urinary tract and nosocomial infections. Its main virulence factors include urease production, which allows it to colonize the urinary tract, and fimbriae, which aid in attachment and colonization. Identification involves culturing on media like blood agar where it displays swarming motility and testing for properties such as being urease positive and oxidase negative. Treatment involves antibiotics like beta-lactams, aminoglycosides
Here are short notes on the highlighted media types:
i) Enriched media: Contains additional nutrients to support growth of fastidious organisms. Example is Brain Heart Infusion broth.
ii) Enrichment media: Used to enhance the growth of stressed or injured organisms present in low numbers. Example is Selenite F broth.
iii) Selective media: Contains additives that inhibit the growth of some bacteria and allow the growth of desired bacteria. Example is MacConkey agar.
iv) Indicator media: Contains pH or color indicators to detect metabolic changes during bacterial growth. Example is Litmus Milk.
v) Differential media: Allows differentiation of bacteria based on biochemical reactions. Example is Triple
Culture media are used to support the growth of microorganisms outside the body for laboratory experiments. They can be classified based on consistency (solid, semisolid, liquid), composition (synthetic, non-synthetic), purpose (general purpose, selective, differential), or oxygen requirement (aerobic, anaerobic). Solid media contain agar and allow study of colony characteristics. Selective media inhibit unwanted bacteria to isolate pathogens. Transport media maintain specimens during laboratory transport.
This document discusses different types of culture media used in microbiology. It begins by defining culture media and explaining their importance for growing microbes. It then describes the history of important culture media discoveries. The rest of the document categorizes and explains different types of culture media based on consistency, nutritional components, and functional uses such as selective, differential, and transport media. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of the various culture media types and their purposes in microbiology studies and clinical diagnosis.
Culture medium is a substance used to grow microorganisms outside the body. It provides nutrients like carbon, nitrogen, minerals and growth factors. Culture media can be solid, semi-solid or liquid. They are classified as simple, complex, synthetic or special based on ingredients. Special media include enriched media which adds substances like blood or serum, and selective media which uses antibiotics to inhibit certain bacteria. Differential and transport media are also used to identify bacteria or safely transport clinical samples for identification.
This document provides information on microbial culture and growth conditions. It discusses that media provides the necessary nutrients to support microbial growth. Different types of media are used for different purposes, such as general purpose media, enriched media to support fastidious microbes, selective media that inhibits some bacteria, and differential media that distinguishes between organisms. Examples of common media like nutrient agar and specific media like MacConkey agar are described. The document also outlines culture techniques for anaerobic and microaerophilic bacteria that require specialized environments to grow.
A culture media is a special medium used in microbiological laboratories to grow different kinds of microorganisms. A growth or a culture medium is composed of different nutrients that are essential for microbial growth.
Since there are many types of microorganisms, each having unique properties and requiring specific nutrients for growth, there are many types based on what nutrients they contain and what function they play in the growth of microorganisms.
A culture may be solid or liquid. The solid culture media is composed of a brown jelly like substance known as agar. Different nutrients and chemicals are added to it to allow the growth of different microorganisms.
This document provides information on the bacteria Proteus, including its characteristics, virulence factors, infections it causes, identification and treatment. It notes that Proteus is a gram-negative, motile bacillus that is commonly found in the intestines and can cause urinary tract and nosocomial infections. Its main virulence factors include urease production, which allows it to colonize the urinary tract, and fimbriae, which aid in attachment and colonization. Identification involves culturing on media like blood agar where it displays swarming motility and testing for properties such as being urease positive and oxidase negative. Treatment involves antibiotics like beta-lactams, aminoglycosides
Here are short notes on the highlighted media types:
i) Enriched media: Contains additional nutrients to support growth of fastidious organisms. Example is Brain Heart Infusion broth.
ii) Enrichment media: Used to enhance the growth of stressed or injured organisms present in low numbers. Example is Selenite F broth.
iii) Selective media: Contains additives that inhibit the growth of some bacteria and allow the growth of desired bacteria. Example is MacConkey agar.
iv) Indicator media: Contains pH or color indicators to detect metabolic changes during bacterial growth. Example is Litmus Milk.
v) Differential media: Allows differentiation of bacteria based on biochemical reactions. Example is Triple
Culture media are used to support the growth of microorganisms outside the body for laboratory experiments. They can be classified based on consistency (solid, semisolid, liquid), composition (synthetic, non-synthetic), purpose (general purpose, selective, differential), or oxygen requirement (aerobic, anaerobic). Solid media contain agar and allow study of colony characteristics. Selective media inhibit unwanted bacteria to isolate pathogens. Transport media maintain specimens during laboratory transport.
This document discusses different types of culture media used in microbiology. It begins by defining culture media and explaining their importance for growing microbes. It then describes the history of important culture media discoveries. The rest of the document categorizes and explains different types of culture media based on consistency, nutritional components, and functional uses such as selective, differential, and transport media. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of the various culture media types and their purposes in microbiology studies and clinical diagnosis.
culture media
CULTURE – Is term given to microorganisms that are cultivated in the lab for the purpose of studying them.
MEDIUM – Is the term given to the combination of ingredients that will support the growth & cultivation of microorganisms outside their natural habitats.
Necessary Requirements for Growth of Bacteria
Distilled Water
Nitrogen containing compounds
Peptone- Golden granular powder
Complex mixture of partially digested protiens by proteolytic
enzymes pepsin, trysin or papain
Peptones, Proteoses, polypeptides, aminoacids, inorganic salts like phosphates
potassium & magnesium
Accessory growth factors like nicotinic acid & riboflavin
Energy sources
Suitable Ph- 7.2 – 7.4
Solidifying agents:
Gelatin– Protien
Agar— Chief component is Long chain Polysaccharide
Melts at 95°c & solidify only when cooled to about 42°c
1- 2% yields a suitable gel eg. Non-nutritive agar
According to Physical State:
Liquid – Peptone Water, Nutrient Broth
Semisolid – Nutrient Agar Stabs
Solid – Blood Agar
According to Oxygen requirement:
Aerobic Medium
Anaerobic Media
- Definition
- Uses of culture media
- Basic composition of culture media
- Types of culture media
--Based on physical state
----solid medium
----semi solid medium
----liquid medium
--Based on ingredients
----Simple or basal medium.
----Complex medium.
----Synthetic or defined medium.
----Semisynthetic medium.
--Special medium
----Enriched media
----Enrichment media
----Selective media
----Differential media
----Indicator media
----Transport media
----Anaerobic media
-Media preparation
-Culture method
--Streak culture
--Lawn culture
-references
COLLECTION AND TRANSPORTATION OF CLINICAL SAMPLESNCRIMS, Meerut
Principles of Sample Collection:
Aseptic precautions to minimize chances of
contamination.
Appropriate anatomic sites
Adequate volume
Adequate no. of samples
Appropriate time
Appropriate container with proper labelling
Before initiation of anti-microbials
Adequate information in request form
A simple lecture for the description of the various culture media used for isolation of different bacteria in a pure form for further identification procedures.
This document discusses different types of culture media used to grow bacteria. It describes media as being solid, semisolid, or liquid based on consistency. Media are also classified based on their function as simple, enriched, enrichment, selective, indicator, differential, composite, or transport. Common constituents of media include agar, peptone, yeast or meat extract, and NaCl. The document provides examples of different media and their purposes, such as nutrient broth as a simple medium, blood agar as an enriched medium, and MacConkey agar as a differential medium.
this slide will help you to understand the behavior of different types of bacteria in different culture media. its is made with an exmaple experiment which can provide better understadng. selective, differential and enriched media is given with detailed description in the example.
This document provides information on bacterial culture medium and culture techniques. It discusses the history of bacterial culture, the need for culture methods, types of media including solid, liquid and selective media. Common media such as nutrient agar, blood agar and MacConkey agar are described. The document also covers culture methods like streak plate, pour plate and anaerobic culture techniques. Culture media provide a controlled environment for bacterial growth, aiding identification and characterization of bacteria.
Bacterial Culture Media
Culture medium is an environment which supplies the necessary nutrition for the growth of an
organism. Culture media contains nutrients and physical growth parameters necessary for
microbial growth. Organisms that cannot grow in artificial culture medium are known as obligate
parasites. Mycobacterium leprae, rickettsias, Chlamydias, and Treponema pallidum are obligate
parasites. Culture media generally provide sources of carbon, energy and nitrogen in the form of
available carbohydrates and amino acids.
Special media provide specific requirements as inorganic salts or particular growth factors.
Types of Culture Media
⎯ Basic media
⎯ Enriched media
⎯ Selective media
⎯ Enrichment media
⎯ Indicator (Differential) media
⎯ Transport media
1. Basic Media
These are simple media used to support the growth of microorganisms that do not have
special nutritional requirements. They include nutrient broth, peptone water, and nutrient
agar.
i. Nutrient Broth- 1
Filtrate of cooked fresh minced meat + 1% - peptone + 0.5% NaCl. Clear yellowish fluid
medium Sterilized in autoclave at- 121°C for 30 min. Base for most culture media.
ii. Peptone Water
Peptone + 0.5% NaCl dissolved in 1%- water Clear colorless fluid medium. Sterilized in
autoclave at 121°C- for 30 min. Base for sugar media Indole production test.
This document discusses culture media and culture methods. It begins by defining culture and medium, and then provides a brief history of the development of culture media. The document goes on to describe the various types of culture media, including classifications based on consistency, constituents, oxygen requirements, and purpose. It also discusses methods for identifying bacteria, such as staining, colony morphology, biochemical tests like catalase, and assessing motility. The overall purpose is to provide an overview of the different types of culture media and methods used to culture and identify microorganisms in a laboratory setting.
Medical parasitology : study of parasites that infect human, diseases caused by them, clinical picture, their diagnosis, treatment and prevention as well as controls.
It involves drug development, epidemiological studies and study of zoonoses.
To know various terms related to parasitology.
To know about general parasites and parasitic infections.
To get knowledge about laboratory diagnosis and its importance.
To gain idea about general epidemiological aspects of parasites that affect human.
Apply basic methods of specimen collection , preservation and processing in lab.
To prevent ourselves from these infections and apply control measures.
This document summarizes information about streptococci and Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus). It describes their characteristics including being gram positive cocci that may appear in chains or pairs and are catalase negative. It discusses distinguishing streptococci from staphylococci and classifying streptococci based on hemolysis and groups A, B, C, D, F, and G. For pneumococcus, key points are that it is a normal respiratory tract commensal but an important cause of pneumonia and otitis media, having distinguishing morphology, optochin sensitivity, and a capsule visible with quellung reaction. Pneumococcal disease manifestations include pneumonia, bacteremia, and mening
B.Sc. Biotech Biochem II BM Unit-2.2 Cultural mediaRai University
Culture media and methods are used to grow bacteria in pure cultures for study. Solid and liquid media are used, with solid media allowing observation of colony morphology. Key ingredients in media include nutrients and agar. Agar is obtained from seaweed and is used because it melts at 98°C and sets at 42°C, allowing solidification of media. Special media like selective and differential media contain additives to isolate or identify specific bacteria. Common culture methods include streak plating to obtain isolated colonies and pour plating for bacterial counts. Anaerobic bacteria require special methods and media to displace oxygen.
Details about all type of culture media for growing the bacteria,
the basic constituents of culture media
types of media
simple media
special media
complex media
transport media
sugar media
anaerobic media
This document provides an overview of stool examination, including definitions, composition, collection procedures, macroscopic and microscopic examination techniques, normal values, and chemical tests. It discusses analyzing stool for color, consistency, odor, occult blood, parasites, leukocytes, pH, fat and reducing substances content to diagnose various gastrointestinal conditions. Microscopic examination involves saline and iodine slide preparations while chemical tests include occult blood, pH, fat and reducing substances analyses. Stool examination is an important diagnostic tool in ayurveda and modern medicine for gastrointestinal disease evaluation.
This document describes different types of culture media used to grow microorganisms. It discusses media categorized by consistency (solid, liquid, semi-solid), constituents (simple, complex, synthetic), purpose (enriched, enrichment, selective, indicator, differential, sugar, transport), and oxygen requirement (aerobic, anaerobic). Liquid media like broths are used to grow bacteria uniformly, while solid media containing agar are used for isolating colonies. Selective and enrichment media inhibit unwanted bacteria to isolate specific microorganisms. Indicator and differential media detect microbial properties through color changes.
Bacterial Culture methods and method of anaerobiosisNCRIMS, Meerut
CULTURE METHODS FOR Medical students
Culture methods are done to:
Isolate bacteria in pure culture from the clinical specimens and their idintification by various methods.
Determination of antibiotic sensitivity.
Prepare antigens for serodiagnosis of infective diseases.
Maintain stock cultures.
Methods to isolate the Bacteria
Streak culture
Stroke
Stab
Pour plate
Liquid culture
Special methods for anaerobic cultures
Culture media are used to grow microorganisms under controlled conditions for identification and study. Different types of media exist depending on consistency (solid, liquid, semi-solid), ingredients (simple, complex, synthetic), and purpose (enrichment, selective, indicator). Important solid media include nutrient agar and blood agar. Key liquid media are nutrient broth and peptone water. Bacteria grown in media go through lag, exponential, stationary, and death phases. Media allow observation of microbial properties and isolation of pathogens.
This document provides information on culture media and methods used to culture bacteria. It discusses the requirements bacteria have for growth and how laboratory culture media aims to provide a captive environment for bacteria to grow. Various types of culture media are described, including solid, liquid and semi-solid media made with ingredients like agar. Special media like enriched, selective, differential and indicator media are also outlined. Common biochemical tests performed on cultured bacteria like TSI, oxidase, indole and citrate are briefly explained. The document provides an overview of basic microbiology laboratory techniques for culturing and identifying bacteria.
B.sc. (micro) i em unit 4.4 culturing & isolatingRai University
The document discusses culturing and isolating bacteria. Bacteria must be grown (cultured) separately (isolated) on culture media to obtain pure cultures for study. Various culture media are used, including solid, liquid, and semi-solid media made with ingredients like agar, nutrients, and dyes. Differential and selective media contain substances that allow bacteria to be distinguished based on properties like sugar fermentation and toxin production. Streak plating is used to isolate single colonies from a mixed culture to obtain a pure isolate.
Bacteria must be cultured to study their properties and identify them. Different culture media and methods are used depending on the purpose. Agar is commonly used to make solid media for growing isolated colonies. Media can be simple, complex, or selective depending on nutritional needs. Streaking is used to isolate pure cultures from clinical specimens. Pour plating quantifies viable bacteria while lawns are used for antibiotic testing. Transport media maintain delicate bacteria during specimen travel.
culture media
CULTURE – Is term given to microorganisms that are cultivated in the lab for the purpose of studying them.
MEDIUM – Is the term given to the combination of ingredients that will support the growth & cultivation of microorganisms outside their natural habitats.
Necessary Requirements for Growth of Bacteria
Distilled Water
Nitrogen containing compounds
Peptone- Golden granular powder
Complex mixture of partially digested protiens by proteolytic
enzymes pepsin, trysin or papain
Peptones, Proteoses, polypeptides, aminoacids, inorganic salts like phosphates
potassium & magnesium
Accessory growth factors like nicotinic acid & riboflavin
Energy sources
Suitable Ph- 7.2 – 7.4
Solidifying agents:
Gelatin– Protien
Agar— Chief component is Long chain Polysaccharide
Melts at 95°c & solidify only when cooled to about 42°c
1- 2% yields a suitable gel eg. Non-nutritive agar
According to Physical State:
Liquid – Peptone Water, Nutrient Broth
Semisolid – Nutrient Agar Stabs
Solid – Blood Agar
According to Oxygen requirement:
Aerobic Medium
Anaerobic Media
- Definition
- Uses of culture media
- Basic composition of culture media
- Types of culture media
--Based on physical state
----solid medium
----semi solid medium
----liquid medium
--Based on ingredients
----Simple or basal medium.
----Complex medium.
----Synthetic or defined medium.
----Semisynthetic medium.
--Special medium
----Enriched media
----Enrichment media
----Selective media
----Differential media
----Indicator media
----Transport media
----Anaerobic media
-Media preparation
-Culture method
--Streak culture
--Lawn culture
-references
COLLECTION AND TRANSPORTATION OF CLINICAL SAMPLESNCRIMS, Meerut
Principles of Sample Collection:
Aseptic precautions to minimize chances of
contamination.
Appropriate anatomic sites
Adequate volume
Adequate no. of samples
Appropriate time
Appropriate container with proper labelling
Before initiation of anti-microbials
Adequate information in request form
A simple lecture for the description of the various culture media used for isolation of different bacteria in a pure form for further identification procedures.
This document discusses different types of culture media used to grow bacteria. It describes media as being solid, semisolid, or liquid based on consistency. Media are also classified based on their function as simple, enriched, enrichment, selective, indicator, differential, composite, or transport. Common constituents of media include agar, peptone, yeast or meat extract, and NaCl. The document provides examples of different media and their purposes, such as nutrient broth as a simple medium, blood agar as an enriched medium, and MacConkey agar as a differential medium.
this slide will help you to understand the behavior of different types of bacteria in different culture media. its is made with an exmaple experiment which can provide better understadng. selective, differential and enriched media is given with detailed description in the example.
This document provides information on bacterial culture medium and culture techniques. It discusses the history of bacterial culture, the need for culture methods, types of media including solid, liquid and selective media. Common media such as nutrient agar, blood agar and MacConkey agar are described. The document also covers culture methods like streak plate, pour plate and anaerobic culture techniques. Culture media provide a controlled environment for bacterial growth, aiding identification and characterization of bacteria.
Bacterial Culture Media
Culture medium is an environment which supplies the necessary nutrition for the growth of an
organism. Culture media contains nutrients and physical growth parameters necessary for
microbial growth. Organisms that cannot grow in artificial culture medium are known as obligate
parasites. Mycobacterium leprae, rickettsias, Chlamydias, and Treponema pallidum are obligate
parasites. Culture media generally provide sources of carbon, energy and nitrogen in the form of
available carbohydrates and amino acids.
Special media provide specific requirements as inorganic salts or particular growth factors.
Types of Culture Media
⎯ Basic media
⎯ Enriched media
⎯ Selective media
⎯ Enrichment media
⎯ Indicator (Differential) media
⎯ Transport media
1. Basic Media
These are simple media used to support the growth of microorganisms that do not have
special nutritional requirements. They include nutrient broth, peptone water, and nutrient
agar.
i. Nutrient Broth- 1
Filtrate of cooked fresh minced meat + 1% - peptone + 0.5% NaCl. Clear yellowish fluid
medium Sterilized in autoclave at- 121°C for 30 min. Base for most culture media.
ii. Peptone Water
Peptone + 0.5% NaCl dissolved in 1%- water Clear colorless fluid medium. Sterilized in
autoclave at 121°C- for 30 min. Base for sugar media Indole production test.
This document discusses culture media and culture methods. It begins by defining culture and medium, and then provides a brief history of the development of culture media. The document goes on to describe the various types of culture media, including classifications based on consistency, constituents, oxygen requirements, and purpose. It also discusses methods for identifying bacteria, such as staining, colony morphology, biochemical tests like catalase, and assessing motility. The overall purpose is to provide an overview of the different types of culture media and methods used to culture and identify microorganisms in a laboratory setting.
Medical parasitology : study of parasites that infect human, diseases caused by them, clinical picture, their diagnosis, treatment and prevention as well as controls.
It involves drug development, epidemiological studies and study of zoonoses.
To know various terms related to parasitology.
To know about general parasites and parasitic infections.
To get knowledge about laboratory diagnosis and its importance.
To gain idea about general epidemiological aspects of parasites that affect human.
Apply basic methods of specimen collection , preservation and processing in lab.
To prevent ourselves from these infections and apply control measures.
This document summarizes information about streptococci and Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus). It describes their characteristics including being gram positive cocci that may appear in chains or pairs and are catalase negative. It discusses distinguishing streptococci from staphylococci and classifying streptococci based on hemolysis and groups A, B, C, D, F, and G. For pneumococcus, key points are that it is a normal respiratory tract commensal but an important cause of pneumonia and otitis media, having distinguishing morphology, optochin sensitivity, and a capsule visible with quellung reaction. Pneumococcal disease manifestations include pneumonia, bacteremia, and mening
B.Sc. Biotech Biochem II BM Unit-2.2 Cultural mediaRai University
Culture media and methods are used to grow bacteria in pure cultures for study. Solid and liquid media are used, with solid media allowing observation of colony morphology. Key ingredients in media include nutrients and agar. Agar is obtained from seaweed and is used because it melts at 98°C and sets at 42°C, allowing solidification of media. Special media like selective and differential media contain additives to isolate or identify specific bacteria. Common culture methods include streak plating to obtain isolated colonies and pour plating for bacterial counts. Anaerobic bacteria require special methods and media to displace oxygen.
Details about all type of culture media for growing the bacteria,
the basic constituents of culture media
types of media
simple media
special media
complex media
transport media
sugar media
anaerobic media
This document provides an overview of stool examination, including definitions, composition, collection procedures, macroscopic and microscopic examination techniques, normal values, and chemical tests. It discusses analyzing stool for color, consistency, odor, occult blood, parasites, leukocytes, pH, fat and reducing substances content to diagnose various gastrointestinal conditions. Microscopic examination involves saline and iodine slide preparations while chemical tests include occult blood, pH, fat and reducing substances analyses. Stool examination is an important diagnostic tool in ayurveda and modern medicine for gastrointestinal disease evaluation.
This document describes different types of culture media used to grow microorganisms. It discusses media categorized by consistency (solid, liquid, semi-solid), constituents (simple, complex, synthetic), purpose (enriched, enrichment, selective, indicator, differential, sugar, transport), and oxygen requirement (aerobic, anaerobic). Liquid media like broths are used to grow bacteria uniformly, while solid media containing agar are used for isolating colonies. Selective and enrichment media inhibit unwanted bacteria to isolate specific microorganisms. Indicator and differential media detect microbial properties through color changes.
Bacterial Culture methods and method of anaerobiosisNCRIMS, Meerut
CULTURE METHODS FOR Medical students
Culture methods are done to:
Isolate bacteria in pure culture from the clinical specimens and their idintification by various methods.
Determination of antibiotic sensitivity.
Prepare antigens for serodiagnosis of infective diseases.
Maintain stock cultures.
Methods to isolate the Bacteria
Streak culture
Stroke
Stab
Pour plate
Liquid culture
Special methods for anaerobic cultures
Culture media are used to grow microorganisms under controlled conditions for identification and study. Different types of media exist depending on consistency (solid, liquid, semi-solid), ingredients (simple, complex, synthetic), and purpose (enrichment, selective, indicator). Important solid media include nutrient agar and blood agar. Key liquid media are nutrient broth and peptone water. Bacteria grown in media go through lag, exponential, stationary, and death phases. Media allow observation of microbial properties and isolation of pathogens.
This document provides information on culture media and methods used to culture bacteria. It discusses the requirements bacteria have for growth and how laboratory culture media aims to provide a captive environment for bacteria to grow. Various types of culture media are described, including solid, liquid and semi-solid media made with ingredients like agar. Special media like enriched, selective, differential and indicator media are also outlined. Common biochemical tests performed on cultured bacteria like TSI, oxidase, indole and citrate are briefly explained. The document provides an overview of basic microbiology laboratory techniques for culturing and identifying bacteria.
B.sc. (micro) i em unit 4.4 culturing & isolatingRai University
The document discusses culturing and isolating bacteria. Bacteria must be grown (cultured) separately (isolated) on culture media to obtain pure cultures for study. Various culture media are used, including solid, liquid, and semi-solid media made with ingredients like agar, nutrients, and dyes. Differential and selective media contain substances that allow bacteria to be distinguished based on properties like sugar fermentation and toxin production. Streak plating is used to isolate single colonies from a mixed culture to obtain a pure isolate.
Bacteria must be cultured to study their properties and identify them. Different culture media and methods are used depending on the purpose. Agar is commonly used to make solid media for growing isolated colonies. Media can be simple, complex, or selective depending on nutritional needs. Streaking is used to isolate pure cultures from clinical specimens. Pour plating quantifies viable bacteria while lawns are used for antibiotic testing. Transport media maintain delicate bacteria during specimen travel.
Bacteria must be cultured to study their properties and identify them. Different culture media and methods are used depending on the purpose. Agar is commonly used to make solid media for growing isolated colonies. Media can be simple, complex, or selective depending on ingredients. Streaking is used to isolate bacteria from clinical specimens onto solid media. Pour plating and liquid cultures are used for quantitative analysis and transporting samples respectively. Proper culture technique allows growth and study of bacteria.
This document discusses culture media and culture methods used to grow bacteria. It describes the various types of culture media including solid, liquid, and semi-solid media made with ingredients like agar. Different media are used for specific purposes such as enrichment, selection, and indication of bacterial properties. Culture methods like streaking, lawning, stabbing, and pouring are explained for isolating pure cultures of bacteria and studying their characteristics. Liquid cultures are also used for certain applications.
This document provides an overview of culture media and culture methods used in microbiology. It discusses the different types of culture media based on consistency (solid, liquid, semi-solid), ingredients (simple, complex, synthetic), and oxygen requirements (aerobic, anaerobic). Common media like nutrient agar, blood agar and selective media are described. The preparation of culture media and methods like streak plating, pour plating, and stab culturing are explained. The aim is to learn about culture media, demonstrate preparation techniques, and different culturing methods for isolating and growing bacteria.
Culture Media and culture technique.pptssuser957fe2
This document provides information on various culture media used to grow microorganisms. It discusses the early history of culture media beginning with Pasteur's use of liquid broths made from urine or meat extract. The importance of solid media for developing pure cultures is highlighted. Agar was later introduced as a solidifying agent since it does not melt at temperatures bacteria can grow at. Different types of media are described including solid, liquid, selective, differential, and enriched media. Composition and uses of several common media like nutrient agar, blood agar, MacConkey agar, Sabouraud dextrose agar, and Mueller Hinton agar are outlined.
CULTURE MEDIA & CULTURE METHODS.pChapter 5pt (1).pptchriskimeu103
This document provides information on culture media and methods used for growing and identifying bacteria. It discusses the various types of culture media including solid, liquid, and semi-solid media as well as specialized media like selective, differential and indicator media. Specific media like blood agar, MacConkey agar and triple sugar iron agar are described. Culture methods like streak plating, pour plating, and stab and stroke cultures are outlined. The document also covers biochemical tests performed using culture media, such as oxidase, indole, citrate, and urease tests to identify bacterial properties. Finally, techniques for culturing anaerobic bacteria in an oxygen-free environment are summarized.
Culture Techniques and Maintenance of selected culturesMiracleLivinus1
This document provides information about microbial culture techniques and maintenance of selected cultures. It discusses what a microbial culture is and the history of culture media. It describes different types of culture media such as solid, liquid, and semi-solid media as well as specialized media like enriched, selective, and transport media. Specific media examples are given. Common culture methods like streak, pour plate, stab and liquid cultures are explained along with their purposes. Maintaining pure cultures and growing aerobic versus anaerobic organisms is also covered.
Culture is the term for microorganisms grown in the lab. A culture medium provides nutrients to support microbial growth. Specialized media are used for different purposes like enrichment, selection, or differentiation. Diagnostic cultures identify pathogens from samples and common tests include urine, stool, genital and skin samples. Culture techniques allow isolation and study of microbes and are essential tools in medical microbiology.
This document provides information on various culture media and methods used to culture and identify bacteria. It discusses:
1) The need to culture bacteria separately on solid or liquid media to obtain pure cultures that can be studied. Common media include nutrient agar, blood agar, and broths.
2) Types of media such as solid, liquid, enriched, selective, differential and special media formulated for specific purposes.
3) Culture methods like streaking, lawning, stabbing and pour plating used to isolate bacteria and study their properties.
4) Requirements for culturing anaerobic bacteria in specialized conditions with low oxygen levels.
5) Biochemical tests that provide additional information for bacterial identification
Culture media and Cultivation of Bacteria DR.C.P.PRINCEDR.PRINCE C P
Purpose of culturing are
Isolation of bacteria ( pure culture)
Diagnosis of infectious diseases
Properties of bacteria i.e. culturing bacteria is the initial step in studying its morphology and its identification.
Maintenance of stock cultures.
Estimate viable counts. Water , air, milk testing
To test for antibiotic sensitivity.
To create antigens for laboratory use.
Vaccine preparation
Sterility testing
Preparation of pharmaceutical products like antibiotics, enzymes, toxins etc
Certain genetic studies and manipulations of the cells also need that bacteria to be cultured in vitro.
Culturing on solid media is another convenient way of separating bacteria in mixture.
An artificial culture media must provide similar environmental and nutritional conditions that exist in the natural habitat of a bacterium.
A culture medium contains water, a source of carbon & energy, source of nitrogen, trace elements and some growth factors.
PPT prepared by:
DR.C. P. PRINCE
HOD & Associate Professor
Department of Microbiology
Mother Theresa Post Graduate & Research Institute of Health Sciences (Government of Puducherry Institution)
Bacteria have various nutritional requirements including water, carbon and nitrogen sources, inorganic salts, vitamins, and certain gaseous and temperature conditions to grow. Different types of culture media can be used for bacterial cultivation based on ingredients, agar concentration, and special properties. These include basic, complex, synthetic, enriched, selective, differential, and transport media formulated for specific bacterial isolation and identification purposes.
Culture is the term for microorganisms grown in the lab, and medium provides nutrients for their growth. Culture media are used to isolate, study, and identify bacteria. Media are classified by consistency (liquid, solid, semisolid) and oxygen requirements. Different media, like nutrient agar or blood agar, support growth of various microbes. Selective and differential media help isolate specific bacteria. Culture media must provide appropriate nutrients, pH, and be sterilized before use to isolate bacteria and study their properties.
This document describes a microbiology practical lab focusing on identification of medically important microorganisms. It discusses various culture media including basal media, enriched media, selective media, and differential media. It also describes atmospheric conditions required for growth of aerobic, anaerobic, and microaerophilic organisms. Various culture plates and parasites are examined macroscopically. Gram staining techniques are explained and applied to stained smears to examine gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and yeast under the microscope.
This document discusses different types of culture media used to grow microorganisms outside of their natural habitats. It describes various media including basic media, enriched media containing additional nutrients, selective and differential media that inhibit some bacteria and allow easy identification of others based on colony characteristics. Transport media are also discussed which maintain specimens and prevent overgrowth until laboratory analysis. The document provides examples of commonly used media for different applications and microorganisms.
Culture media are substances used to grow microorganisms outside the body. They provide nutrients and an environment for microbes to grow. Culture media can be solid, semi-solid, or liquid, and are composed of ingredients like water, peptones, electrolytes, and agar or gelatin. Media are also classified based on their ingredients as simple, complex, synthetic, or special types. Special media include enriched, selective, differential, and transport media used for isolating specific microbes or preserving samples. Proper culture media allow microbes to be studied and identified to aid in diagnosis and treatment of infections.
Culture media are used to grow bacteria for identification and study. They contain nutrients like carbon, nitrogen, water and growth factors. Common ingredients include meat extract and peptone. Media can be solid, liquid, or semi-solid depending on whether agar is added. Special media like selective, differential and enrichment media allow isolation of specific bacteria. Proper preparation, sterilization and storage of media is required for pure cultures.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
4. Bacteria have to be grown (cultured)Bacteria have to be grown (cultured)
for their identification.for their identification.
By appropriate procedures they have toBy appropriate procedures they have to
be grown separately (isolated) onbe grown separately (isolated) on
culture media and obtained as pure forculture media and obtained as pure for
study.study.
HistoryHistory
The original media used by LouisThe original media used by Louis
Pasteur – urine or meat brothPasteur – urine or meat broth
Liquid medium – diffuse growthLiquid medium – diffuse growth
Solid medium – discrete coloniesSolid medium – discrete colonies..
5. Bacterial ColonyBacterial Colony – macroscopically visible– macroscopically visible
collection of millions of bacteriacollection of millions of bacteria
originating from a single bacterial cell.originating from a single bacterial cell.
Cooked cut potato by Robert Koch –Cooked cut potato by Robert Koch –
earliest solid mediumearliest solid medium
Gelatin – not satisfactoryGelatin – not satisfactory
- liquefy at 24- liquefy at 24oo
CC
6. AgarAgar
Frau HesseFrau Hesse
Used for preparing solid mediumUsed for preparing solid medium
Obtained from seaweeds.Obtained from seaweeds.
No nutritive valueNo nutritive value
Not affected by the growth of theNot affected by the growth of the
bacteria.bacteria.
Melts at 98Melts at 98oo
C & sets at 42C & sets at 42oo
CC
2% agar is employed in solid medium2% agar is employed in solid medium
8. Culture media
Used to grow bacteria
Can be used to:
– Enrich the numbers of bacteria
– Select for certain bacteria and suppress
others
– Differentiate among different kinds of
bacteria
9. Culture and Medium
Culture is the term given to microorganisms
that are cultivated in the lab for the purpose of
identifying and studying them.
Medium is the term given to the combination of
ingredients that will support the growth and
cultivation of microorganisms by providing all
the essential nutrients required for the growth
(that is, multiplication) in order to cultivate
these microorganisms in large numbers to
study them.
10. Need for Culture Media
It is usually essential to obtain a culture by
grwoing the organism in an artificial medium.
If more than one species or type of organism
are present each requires to be carefully
separated or isolated in pure culture.
Several organism need the determination of
Antibiotic sensitivity pattern for optimal
antibiotic selection
11. Basic requirements of culture
media
Nutrients
- Energy source
- Carbon source
- Nitrogen source
Mineral salts – Sulphate, phosphates,
chlorides & carbonates of K, Mg & Ca.
A suitable pH – 7.2 – 7.4
Accessory growth factors
- Tryptophan for Salmonella typhi
- X & V factors for H. influenzae
12. Sterilization of culture media
Media are sterilized in the autoclave at 1210
c
for 15’min. under 15 psi of Pressure
Heat-labile substances like serum & sugar
solutions must be sterilized by free-steam or
filtration
Egg containing media –-- Lowenstein-
Jensen’s medium, Loeffler's serum slope by
inspissation
Discarded culture plates are to be sterilized
by autoclaving prior to washing
14. Types of culture mediaTypes of culture media
I.I. Based on their consistencyBased on their consistency
a) solid mediuma) solid medium
b) liquid mediumb) liquid medium
c) semi solid mediumc) semi solid medium
II.II. Based on the constituents/Based on the constituents/
ingredientsingredients
a) simple mediuma) simple medium
b) complex mediumb) complex medium
c) synthetic or defined mediumc) synthetic or defined medium
d) Special mediad) Special media
15. Special mediaSpecial media
– Enriched mediaEnriched media
– Enrichment mediaEnrichment media
– Selective mediaSelective media
– Indicator mediaIndicator media
– Differential mediaDifferential media
– Sugar mediaSugar media
– Transport mediaTransport media
III.III.Based on Oxygen requirementBased on Oxygen requirement
- Aerobic media- Aerobic media
- Anaerobic media- Anaerobic media
16. Solid mediaSolid media – contains 2% agar– contains 2% agar
Colony morphology, pigmentation, hemolysis canColony morphology, pigmentation, hemolysis can
be appreciated.be appreciated.
Eg: Nutrient agar, Blood agarEg: Nutrient agar, Blood agar
Liquid mediaLiquid media – no agar.– no agar.
For inoculum preparation, Blood culture, for theFor inoculum preparation, Blood culture, for the
isolation of pathogens from a mixture.isolation of pathogens from a mixture.
Eg: Nutrient brothEg: Nutrient broth
Semi solid mediumSemi solid medium – 0.5% agar.– 0.5% agar.
Eg: Motility mediumEg: Motility medium
17.
18. Simple media / basal mediaSimple media / basal media
-- Eg: NB, NAEg: NB, NA
- NB consists of peptone, yeast extract,- NB consists of peptone, yeast extract,
NaCl,NaCl,
-- NB + 2% agar = Nutrient agarNB + 2% agar = Nutrient agar
19. Complex mediaComplex media
Media other than basal media.Media other than basal media.
They have added ingredients.They have added ingredients.
Provide special nutrientsProvide special nutrients
Synthetic or defined mediaSynthetic or defined media
Media prepared from pure chemicalMedia prepared from pure chemical
substances and its exact composition issubstances and its exact composition is
knownknown
Eg: peptone water – 1% peptone + 0.5%Eg: peptone water – 1% peptone + 0.5%
NaCl in waterNaCl in water
20. Enriched mediaEnriched media
Substances like blood, serum, egg areSubstances like blood, serum, egg are
added to the basal medium.added to the basal medium.
Used to grow bacteria that are exacting inUsed to grow bacteria that are exacting in
their nutritional needs.their nutritional needs.
Eg: Blood agar, Chocolate agarEg: Blood agar, Chocolate agar
22. Enrichment mediaEnrichment media
Liquid media used to isolateLiquid media used to isolate
pathogens from a mixedpathogens from a mixed
culture.culture.
Media is incorporated withMedia is incorporated with
inhibitory substances toinhibitory substances to
suppress the unwantedsuppress the unwanted
organism.organism.
Eg:Eg:
– Selenite F BrothSelenite F Broth – for the– for the
isolation of Salmonella, Shigellaisolation of Salmonella, Shigella
– Alkaline Peptone WaterAlkaline Peptone Water – for– for
Vibrio choleraeVibrio cholerae
23. Selective mediaSelective media
The inhibitory substance is added to a solidThe inhibitory substance is added to a solid
media.media.
Mac Conkey’s mediumMac Conkey’s medium for Gram negativefor Gram negative
bacteriabacteria
TCBS (Thiosulfate citrate bile salt sucroseTCBS (Thiosulfate citrate bile salt sucrose
agar)agar) – for– for V. choleraeV. cholerae
LJ mediumLJ medium –– M. tuberculosisM. tuberculosis
Wilson and Blair mediumWilson and Blair medium –– S. typhiS. typhi
Potassium tellurite mediumPotassium tellurite medium – Diphtheria– Diphtheria
bacillibacilli
26. Indicator mediaIndicator media
These media contain an indicator whichThese media contain an indicator which
changes its colour when a bacteriumchanges its colour when a bacterium
grows in them.grows in them.
Eg:Eg:
– Blood agarBlood agar
– Mac Conkey’s mediumMac Conkey’s medium
– Christensen’s urease mediumChristensen’s urease medium
29. Differential mediaDifferential media
A media which has substancesA media which has substances
incorporated in it enabling it to distinguishincorporated in it enabling it to distinguish
between bacteria.between bacteria.
Eg: Mac Conkey’s mediumEg: Mac Conkey’s medium
– PPeptoneeptone
– LLactoseactose
– AAgargar
– NNeutral redeutral red
– TTaurocholateaurocholate
Distinguish between lactose fermenters &Distinguish between lactose fermenters &
non lactose fermenters.non lactose fermenters.
32. Sugar mediaSugar media
Media containing any fermentableMedia containing any fermentable
substance.substance.
Eg: glucose, arabinose, lactose, starchEg: glucose, arabinose, lactose, starch
etc.etc.
Media consists of 1% of the sugar inMedia consists of 1% of the sugar in
peptone water.peptone water.
Contain a small tube (Durham’s tube) forContain a small tube (Durham’s tube) for
the detection of gas by the bacteria.the detection of gas by the bacteria.
33.
34. Transport mediaTransport media
Media used for transporting theMedia used for transporting the
samples.samples.
Delicate organisms may notDelicate organisms may not
survive the time taken forsurvive the time taken for
transporting the specimentransporting the specimen
without a transport media.without a transport media.
Eg:Eg:
– Stuart’s mediumStuart’s medium – non nutrient– non nutrient
soft agar gel containing asoft agar gel containing a
reducing agentreducing agent
– Buffered glycerol salineBuffered glycerol saline – enteric– enteric
bacillibacilli
35. Anaerobic mediaAnaerobic media
These media are used to grow anaerobicThese media are used to grow anaerobic
organisms.organisms.
Eg: Robertson’s cooked meat medium,Eg: Robertson’s cooked meat medium,
Thioglycolate medium.Thioglycolate medium.
37. CULTURE METHODSCULTURE METHODS
Culture methods employed depend on the purposeCulture methods employed depend on the purpose
for which they are intended.for which they are intended.
The indications for culture are:The indications for culture are:
– To isolate bacteria in pure cultures.To isolate bacteria in pure cultures.
– To demonstrate their properties.To demonstrate their properties.
– To obtain sufficient growth for the preparation ofTo obtain sufficient growth for the preparation of
antigens and for other tests.antigens and for other tests.
– For bacteriophage & bacteriocin susceptibility.For bacteriophage & bacteriocin susceptibility.
– To determine sensitivity to antibiotics.To determine sensitivity to antibiotics.
– To estimate viable counts.To estimate viable counts.
– Maintain stock cultures.Maintain stock cultures.
40. STREAK CULTURESTREAK CULTURE
Used for the isolation of bacteria in pure cultureUsed for the isolation of bacteria in pure culture
from clinical specimens.from clinical specimens.
Platinum wire or Nichrome wire is used.Platinum wire or Nichrome wire is used.
One loopful of the specimen is transferred ontoOne loopful of the specimen is transferred onto
the surface of a well dried plate.the surface of a well dried plate.
Spread over a small area at the periphery.Spread over a small area at the periphery.
The inoculum is then distributed thinly over theThe inoculum is then distributed thinly over the
plate by streaking it with a loop in a series ofplate by streaking it with a loop in a series of
parallel lines in different segments of the plate.parallel lines in different segments of the plate.
On incubation, separated colonies are obtainedOn incubation, separated colonies are obtained
over the last series of streaks.over the last series of streaks.
41.
42.
43. LAWN CULTURELAWN CULTURE
Provides a uniform surface growth of theProvides a uniform surface growth of the
bacterium.bacterium.
UsesUses
– For bacteriophage typing.For bacteriophage typing.
– Antibiotic sensitivity testing.Antibiotic sensitivity testing.
– In the preparation of bacterial antigens andIn the preparation of bacterial antigens and
vaccinesvaccines..
Lawn cultures are prepared by flooding theLawn cultures are prepared by flooding the
surface of the plate with a liquid suspension ofsurface of the plate with a liquid suspension of
the bacterium.the bacterium.
45. STROKE CULTURESTROKE CULTURE
Stroke culture is made inStroke culture is made in
tubes containing agar slope /tubes containing agar slope /
slant.slant.
UsesUses
– Provide a pure growth ofProvide a pure growth of
bacterium for slidebacterium for slide
agglutination and otheragglutination and other
diagnostic tests.diagnostic tests.
46. Stroke Culture
Tubes containing agar slopes
For slide agglutination & other
diagnostic tests.
47. STAB CULTURESTAB CULTURE
Prepared by puncturing a suitable mediumPrepared by puncturing a suitable medium
– gelatin or glucose agar with a long,– gelatin or glucose agar with a long,
straight, charged wire.straight, charged wire.
UsesUses
– Demonstration of gelatin liquefaction.Demonstration of gelatin liquefaction.
– Oxygen requirements of the bacteriumOxygen requirements of the bacterium
under study.under study.
– Maintenance of stoke cultures.Maintenance of stoke cultures.
48. Stab Culture
By puncturing a
suitable medium
with a long,
straight charged
wire.
For gelatin
liquefaction, stock
cultures & motility
50. POUR PLATE CULTUREPOUR PLATE CULTURE
Agar medium is melted (15 ml) and cooled toAgar medium is melted (15 ml) and cooled to
4545oo
C.C.
1 ml of the inoculum is added to the molten1 ml of the inoculum is added to the molten
agar.agar.
Mix well and pour to a sterile petri dish.Mix well and pour to a sterile petri dish.
Allow it to set.Allow it to set.
Incubate at 37Incubate at 37oo
C, colonies will be distributedC, colonies will be distributed
throughout the depth of the medium.throughout the depth of the medium.
UsesUses
– Gives an estimate of the viable bacterial count in aGives an estimate of the viable bacterial count in a
suspension.suspension.
– For the quantitative urine cultures.For the quantitative urine cultures.
51.
52. LIQUID CULTURESLIQUID CULTURES
Liquid cultures are inoculated by touching with aLiquid cultures are inoculated by touching with a
charged loop or by adding the inoculum withcharged loop or by adding the inoculum with
pipettes or syringes.pipettes or syringes.
UsesUses
– Blood cultureBlood culture
– Sterility testsSterility tests
– Continuous culture methodsContinuous culture methods
DisadvantageDisadvantage
– It does not provide a pure culture from mixedIt does not provide a pure culture from mixed
inocula.inocula.
55. ANAEROBIC CULTURE METHODSANAEROBIC CULTURE METHODS
Anaerobic bacteria differ in their requirementAnaerobic bacteria differ in their requirement
and sensitivity to oxygen.and sensitivity to oxygen.
Cl. tetaniCl. tetani is a strict anaerobe – grows at anis a strict anaerobe – grows at an
oxygen tension < 2 mm Hg.oxygen tension < 2 mm Hg.
Methods:Methods:
– Production of vacuumProduction of vacuum
– Displacement of oxygen with other gasesDisplacement of oxygen with other gases
– Chemical methodChemical method
– Biological methodBiological method
– Reduction of mediumReduction of medium
56. Obligate Anaerobes needs
Optimal Methods
Obligate anaerobes can be culture in
special reducing media such as
sodium Thiglyclolate or in anaerobe
chambers and handled in anaerobe
hoods.
58. Production of vacuum:Production of vacuum:
Incubate the cultures in a vacuumIncubate the cultures in a vacuum
desiccator.desiccator.
Displacement of oxygen with other gasesDisplacement of oxygen with other gases
Displacement of oxygen with hydrogen,Displacement of oxygen with hydrogen,
nitrogen, helium or COnitrogen, helium or CO22..
Eg: Candle jarEg: Candle jar
61. Displacement of Oxygen
Use of lighted candle –
Use up Oxygen, but some
Oxygen is left behind Vacuum
decicator
Unsatisfactory
62. Chemical methodChemical method
Alkaline pyrogallol absorbs oxygen.Alkaline pyrogallol absorbs oxygen.
McIntosh – Fildes’ anaerobic jarMcIntosh – Fildes’ anaerobic jar
Consists of a metal jar or glass jar with a metalConsists of a metal jar or glass jar with a metal
lid which can be clamped air tight.lid which can be clamped air tight.
The lid has 2 tubes – gas inlet and gas outletThe lid has 2 tubes – gas inlet and gas outlet
The lid has two terminals – connected toThe lid has two terminals – connected to
electrical supply.electrical supply.
Under the lid – small grooved porcelain spool,Under the lid – small grooved porcelain spool,
wrapped with a layer of palladinised asbestos.wrapped with a layer of palladinised asbestos.
63.
64. Working:Working:
Inoculated plates are placed inside the jar andInoculated plates are placed inside the jar and
the lid clamped air tight.the lid clamped air tight.
The outlet tube is connected to a vacuum pumpThe outlet tube is connected to a vacuum pump
and the air inside is evacuated.and the air inside is evacuated.
The outlet tap is then closed and the inlet tube isThe outlet tap is then closed and the inlet tube is
connected to a hydrogen supply.connected to a hydrogen supply.
After the jar is filled with hydrogen, the electricAfter the jar is filled with hydrogen, the electric
terminals are connected to a current supply, soterminals are connected to a current supply, so
that the palladinised asbestos is heated.that the palladinised asbestos is heated.
Act as a catalyst for the combination of hydrogenAct as a catalyst for the combination of hydrogen
with residual oxygen.with residual oxygen.
65. Gaspak
Commercially available disposable
envelope.
Contains chemicals which generate H2 and
CO2 on addition of water.
Cold catalyst – in the envelope
Indicator is used – reduced methylene blue.
– Colourless – anaerobically
– Blue colour – on exposure to oxygen
66.
67. Biological methodBiological method
Absorption of oxygen by incubation withAbsorption of oxygen by incubation with
aerobic bacteria, germinating seeds oraerobic bacteria, germinating seeds or
chopped vegetables.chopped vegetables.
Reduction of oxygenReduction of oxygen
By using reducing agents – 1% glucose,By using reducing agents – 1% glucose,
0.1% Thioglycolate0.1% Thioglycolate
68. By reducing agents
•Thiglyclolate broth
•Robertson’s Cooked
Meat (RCM) broth
contains nutrient broth
with pieces of fat-free
minced cooked meat
of ox heart.