لكل المهتمين من المهندسين والمدربين التقنين في مجال الاليات والمعدات الثقيلة هذه المادة مفيدة في تشغيل الكرين في مجالات المناولة والرفع ارجو تنزيلها والاستفادة من محتواها
This document provides information on signal person training, including:
- Learning objectives around understanding crane operation hazards, OSHA signal person requirements, and gaining skills to safely direct crane movements.
- Signal person qualifications require documentation showing the person understands standard signals, equipment limitations, and can pass a written or practical test.
- Standard hand signals must be used and understood by the operator, or alternative agreed upon signals can be used if standard signals are not feasible.
- Requirements for maintaining communication between the operator and signal person, and procedures for stopping operations if communication is interrupted.
Forklifts are extremely useful workplace vehicles, as long as they are used safely and properly by operators who have been trained and are deemed competent to use them. Forklifts are dangerous: they account for 25% of injuries at work. Many workplace accidents involve people being hit or run over by forklift trucks (typically when the forklift is reversing). Forklift accidents can cause serious injury, death, property and product damage. Accidents can be prevented if risk assessment are conducted, safe work procedures are followed, regular Tool Box Talks are conducted and HSE continuous surveillance observations of work tasks are performed periodically.
Common Forklift Hazards:
• Overloading
• Unsafe Stacking
• Speeding
• Unauthorized operation of forklift
• Untrained forklift operators.
• Pedestrians and forklifts moving in the same place.
• Obstruction in the path e.g. overhead, uneven ground surfaces, blind corners etc.
• Reversing
Common Safe Practices:
• Prior to use, forklifts must be inspected by a competent person, & inspection sticker should be posted on it.
• Only trained and authorized operators can operate a forklift.
• Carry out daily forklift pre-operation checks using checklist.
• Report to supervisor any forklift damage or problem.
• Don’t use a forklift to lift a worker.
• Check the load loads carefully before moving them for stability and damage.
• Slow down and sound the horn at crossings, and locations where view is blocked.
• Do not authorize anyone to stand or walk under the load or forklift machinery.
• Be aware of the height of the load, mast and overhead guard of the forklift when entering or existing buildings.
• Don’t handle loads that are above the weight capacity of the forklift.
• Follow the speed limit.
• Flagmen must be available while forklift is in operation.
• Focus on the travelling path and keep a clear view of it.
• When leaving a forklift, pull the parking brake, lower the forks and neutralize the controls.
• Don’t drive and raise load at the same time
• Don’t make sudden sharp turns
• Don’t brake suddenly when the forklift is loaded.
• Watch out for overhead structures (e.g. pipes & beams)
• Follow traffic management.
• Use rear view mirrors and camera while reversing.
Forklifts are extremely useful workplace vehicles, as long as they are used safely and appropriately by operators who are appropriately trained and competent to use them.
Forklifts can be dangerous: they account for 25% of injuries at work. Many workplace accidents involve people being hit or run over by forklift trucks (typically when the forklift is reversing) because the driver did not see them. Owing to their size and weight, injuries resulting from forklifts are generally very serious. Accidents involving them are often caused by poor supervision and a lack of training.
Always:
Wear appropriate personal protective clothing as provided by employer. Hard hat, protective footwear and high visibility clothing are recommended as a minimum when working around forklifts. Other equipment may be needed depending on the working environment
Report defects immediately to supervisor
Make sure work path is free of obstructions
Wear operator restraints, where fitted
Look all around before moving off
Look in the direction of travel
Avoid sudden stops and violent braking
Take care when driving on wet, icy , slippery or loose surfaces Slow down at corners, doorways, and at danger spots
Sound the horn several times when approaching blind corners, exits and entrances
Switch off and remove the key before leaving the forklift. Place the key in a safe location when driving task is completed
Apply the parking brake before leaving the forklift
Report any accidents or near misses to a supervisor
Park the forklift in a safe place, on level ground; never on a slope
Leave the forklift with the mast tilted forwards and the forks fully lowered, with the tips on the floor
Apply the parking brake, select neutral, switch off the engine and remove the key
Return keys or other activating devices to their place of safe-keeping
Report any malfunctions or defects immediately to a supervisor.
Assess the load before lifting. Check weight, size, load centre and security
Make sure that pallets are in good condition
Observe floor loading limits & Travel slowly when going down slopes
Find out the weight of the laden forklift
Check safe working load (SWL) of racking before placing loads onto it
Make sure load does not obstruct view. If it does, drive in reverse, looking in direction.
Make sure there is adequate clearance for the forklift and load, including overhead
Make sure the load is stable, Carry the load as close to ground as possible, Use controls smoothly & arms are fully inserted when travelling with a load
Position forks properly and as widely as possible
Make sure the fork Make sure the forklift is stopped before raising the load
Use suitable attachments for lifting unusual or wide loads
Ensure the forks face uphill when travelling up or down slopes with a load
Ensure the forks face downhill when travelling up or down slopes without a load
Adjust the tilt (where fitted) to suit the gradient and raise the forks to clear the ground
This document outlines safety precautions and procedures for crane operations. It establishes requirements for organizing a crane and rigging group with defined roles and responsibilities. It requires crane operators and signalmen to be qualified and trained. It specifies guidelines for crane set up and operation including following approved lift plans, permit requirements, and stopping work if unsafe conditions arise. It defines critical lifts and provides examples. It lists safety precautions for crane and rigging equipment inspections, defects, capacity markings, and color coding for monthly inspections.
This document provides a risk assessment for lifting operations using overhead cranes. It identifies several potential hazards including using uncertified or untrained crane operators, riggers, and lifting equipment. Control measures are outlined such as ensuring all operators and riggers are properly trained and certified, performing pre-use checks of cranes, not exceeding crane weight limits, and barricading lifting areas. Responsible parties for implementing controls and supervising work are also specified. The assessment was performed to reduce risks of injuries or property damage during crane lifting operations.
Project Name: xxx
RA Ref No.: xxx
RA compilation Date: Review date:
Date:
Compiled by:
Reviewed by:
Approved by:
Overall Task Details
Lifting operations using Tower crane within site boundary Relevant Applicable MAS:
• 01412 – Lifting Operations;
• 00941 – Lifting equipment Additional Training required:
Riggers / Slingers NOC’s Required for task:
As applicable
RISK SCORE CALCULATOR
Use the Risk Score Calculator to Determine the Level of Risk of each Hazard
What would be the
CONSEQUENCE
of an occurrence be? What is the LIKELIHOOD of an occurrence? Hierarchy of Controls
Frequent/Almost certain (5)
Continuous or will happen frequently Often (4)
6 to 12 times a year Likely (3)
1 to 5 times a year Possible (2)
Once every 5 years Rarely (1)
Less than once every 5 years Can the hazard be Eliminated or removed from the work place?
Catastrophic (5)
Multiple Fatalities High 25 High 20 High 15 Medium 10 Medium 5 Can the product or process be substituted for a less hazardous alternative?
Serious (4)
Class 1 single fatality High 20 High 16 High 12 Medium 8 Low 4 Can the hazard be engineered away with guards or barriers?
Moderate (3)
Class2 (AWI or LTI) or Class 1 Permanently disabling effects High 15 High 12 Medium 9 Medium 6 Low 3 Can Administration Controls be adopted
I.e. procedures, job rotation etc.
Minor (2)
Medical attention needed, no work restrictions. MTI Medium10 Medium 8 Medium 6 Low 4 Low 2 Can Personal Protective Equipment & Clothing be worn to safe guard against hazards?
Insignificant (1)
FAI Medium10 Medium 4 Low 3 Low 2 Low 1
No Specific Task Step
(In sequence of works) Hazard Details Consequence/Risk Initial Risk Rating Control Measures Residual Risks Additional Control Measures RR
P S RR
1 Access of Tower crane sections to work areas
• Plant and workers in same working area as delivery truck; • Collision with plant or vehicles and live traffic;
• Workers struck by plant, very high risk of fatality;
• Uncontrolled crane reversing; 3 4 12 High i. Worker pedestrian routes to be designed and implemented with clear signage to provide segregation;
ii. Instruction to workers at induction on use of access routes around the project;
iii. Flagmen to be used to control crane movements;
iv. The Logistics plan shall clearly illustrate crane access and egress points; Workers not complying with flagmen Regular topic in TBT’s Low
2 Tower crane foundations • Excavations;
• Use of plant – excavators etc.;
• Use of concrete;
• Temporary Works; • See Risk Assessment 010 – Excavations;
• See Risk Assessment 014 – use of Mobile Concrete pump;
• Failure due to incorrect design; 4 5 20 High i. Crane foundations to be designed by approved persons, to clear design criteria;
ii. Foundations given adequate curing time before crane erection;
iii. Temporary Works Coordinator to control excavations and concrete pours; Low
3 Siting, setting up and testing of Tower crane • Works at Height;
• Working in proximity to existing struct
Last year in the UK 40 people died and nearly 43,000 reported non fatal injuries as a result of a fall from height in the workplace. Falls from height are the most common cause of fatal injury and the second most common cause of major injury to employees, accounting for around 15% of all such injuries...
This document provides information on signal person training, including:
- Learning objectives around understanding crane operation hazards, OSHA signal person requirements, and gaining skills to safely direct crane movements.
- Signal person qualifications require documentation showing the person understands standard signals, equipment limitations, and can pass a written or practical test.
- Standard hand signals must be used and understood by the operator, or alternative agreed upon signals can be used if standard signals are not feasible.
- Requirements for maintaining communication between the operator and signal person, and procedures for stopping operations if communication is interrupted.
Forklifts are extremely useful workplace vehicles, as long as they are used safely and properly by operators who have been trained and are deemed competent to use them. Forklifts are dangerous: they account for 25% of injuries at work. Many workplace accidents involve people being hit or run over by forklift trucks (typically when the forklift is reversing). Forklift accidents can cause serious injury, death, property and product damage. Accidents can be prevented if risk assessment are conducted, safe work procedures are followed, regular Tool Box Talks are conducted and HSE continuous surveillance observations of work tasks are performed periodically.
Common Forklift Hazards:
• Overloading
• Unsafe Stacking
• Speeding
• Unauthorized operation of forklift
• Untrained forklift operators.
• Pedestrians and forklifts moving in the same place.
• Obstruction in the path e.g. overhead, uneven ground surfaces, blind corners etc.
• Reversing
Common Safe Practices:
• Prior to use, forklifts must be inspected by a competent person, & inspection sticker should be posted on it.
• Only trained and authorized operators can operate a forklift.
• Carry out daily forklift pre-operation checks using checklist.
• Report to supervisor any forklift damage or problem.
• Don’t use a forklift to lift a worker.
• Check the load loads carefully before moving them for stability and damage.
• Slow down and sound the horn at crossings, and locations where view is blocked.
• Do not authorize anyone to stand or walk under the load or forklift machinery.
• Be aware of the height of the load, mast and overhead guard of the forklift when entering or existing buildings.
• Don’t handle loads that are above the weight capacity of the forklift.
• Follow the speed limit.
• Flagmen must be available while forklift is in operation.
• Focus on the travelling path and keep a clear view of it.
• When leaving a forklift, pull the parking brake, lower the forks and neutralize the controls.
• Don’t drive and raise load at the same time
• Don’t make sudden sharp turns
• Don’t brake suddenly when the forklift is loaded.
• Watch out for overhead structures (e.g. pipes & beams)
• Follow traffic management.
• Use rear view mirrors and camera while reversing.
Forklifts are extremely useful workplace vehicles, as long as they are used safely and appropriately by operators who are appropriately trained and competent to use them.
Forklifts can be dangerous: they account for 25% of injuries at work. Many workplace accidents involve people being hit or run over by forklift trucks (typically when the forklift is reversing) because the driver did not see them. Owing to their size and weight, injuries resulting from forklifts are generally very serious. Accidents involving them are often caused by poor supervision and a lack of training.
Always:
Wear appropriate personal protective clothing as provided by employer. Hard hat, protective footwear and high visibility clothing are recommended as a minimum when working around forklifts. Other equipment may be needed depending on the working environment
Report defects immediately to supervisor
Make sure work path is free of obstructions
Wear operator restraints, where fitted
Look all around before moving off
Look in the direction of travel
Avoid sudden stops and violent braking
Take care when driving on wet, icy , slippery or loose surfaces Slow down at corners, doorways, and at danger spots
Sound the horn several times when approaching blind corners, exits and entrances
Switch off and remove the key before leaving the forklift. Place the key in a safe location when driving task is completed
Apply the parking brake before leaving the forklift
Report any accidents or near misses to a supervisor
Park the forklift in a safe place, on level ground; never on a slope
Leave the forklift with the mast tilted forwards and the forks fully lowered, with the tips on the floor
Apply the parking brake, select neutral, switch off the engine and remove the key
Return keys or other activating devices to their place of safe-keeping
Report any malfunctions or defects immediately to a supervisor.
Assess the load before lifting. Check weight, size, load centre and security
Make sure that pallets are in good condition
Observe floor loading limits & Travel slowly when going down slopes
Find out the weight of the laden forklift
Check safe working load (SWL) of racking before placing loads onto it
Make sure load does not obstruct view. If it does, drive in reverse, looking in direction.
Make sure there is adequate clearance for the forklift and load, including overhead
Make sure the load is stable, Carry the load as close to ground as possible, Use controls smoothly & arms are fully inserted when travelling with a load
Position forks properly and as widely as possible
Make sure the fork Make sure the forklift is stopped before raising the load
Use suitable attachments for lifting unusual or wide loads
Ensure the forks face uphill when travelling up or down slopes with a load
Ensure the forks face downhill when travelling up or down slopes without a load
Adjust the tilt (where fitted) to suit the gradient and raise the forks to clear the ground
This document outlines safety precautions and procedures for crane operations. It establishes requirements for organizing a crane and rigging group with defined roles and responsibilities. It requires crane operators and signalmen to be qualified and trained. It specifies guidelines for crane set up and operation including following approved lift plans, permit requirements, and stopping work if unsafe conditions arise. It defines critical lifts and provides examples. It lists safety precautions for crane and rigging equipment inspections, defects, capacity markings, and color coding for monthly inspections.
This document provides a risk assessment for lifting operations using overhead cranes. It identifies several potential hazards including using uncertified or untrained crane operators, riggers, and lifting equipment. Control measures are outlined such as ensuring all operators and riggers are properly trained and certified, performing pre-use checks of cranes, not exceeding crane weight limits, and barricading lifting areas. Responsible parties for implementing controls and supervising work are also specified. The assessment was performed to reduce risks of injuries or property damage during crane lifting operations.
Project Name: xxx
RA Ref No.: xxx
RA compilation Date: Review date:
Date:
Compiled by:
Reviewed by:
Approved by:
Overall Task Details
Lifting operations using Tower crane within site boundary Relevant Applicable MAS:
• 01412 – Lifting Operations;
• 00941 – Lifting equipment Additional Training required:
Riggers / Slingers NOC’s Required for task:
As applicable
RISK SCORE CALCULATOR
Use the Risk Score Calculator to Determine the Level of Risk of each Hazard
What would be the
CONSEQUENCE
of an occurrence be? What is the LIKELIHOOD of an occurrence? Hierarchy of Controls
Frequent/Almost certain (5)
Continuous or will happen frequently Often (4)
6 to 12 times a year Likely (3)
1 to 5 times a year Possible (2)
Once every 5 years Rarely (1)
Less than once every 5 years Can the hazard be Eliminated or removed from the work place?
Catastrophic (5)
Multiple Fatalities High 25 High 20 High 15 Medium 10 Medium 5 Can the product or process be substituted for a less hazardous alternative?
Serious (4)
Class 1 single fatality High 20 High 16 High 12 Medium 8 Low 4 Can the hazard be engineered away with guards or barriers?
Moderate (3)
Class2 (AWI or LTI) or Class 1 Permanently disabling effects High 15 High 12 Medium 9 Medium 6 Low 3 Can Administration Controls be adopted
I.e. procedures, job rotation etc.
Minor (2)
Medical attention needed, no work restrictions. MTI Medium10 Medium 8 Medium 6 Low 4 Low 2 Can Personal Protective Equipment & Clothing be worn to safe guard against hazards?
Insignificant (1)
FAI Medium10 Medium 4 Low 3 Low 2 Low 1
No Specific Task Step
(In sequence of works) Hazard Details Consequence/Risk Initial Risk Rating Control Measures Residual Risks Additional Control Measures RR
P S RR
1 Access of Tower crane sections to work areas
• Plant and workers in same working area as delivery truck; • Collision with plant or vehicles and live traffic;
• Workers struck by plant, very high risk of fatality;
• Uncontrolled crane reversing; 3 4 12 High i. Worker pedestrian routes to be designed and implemented with clear signage to provide segregation;
ii. Instruction to workers at induction on use of access routes around the project;
iii. Flagmen to be used to control crane movements;
iv. The Logistics plan shall clearly illustrate crane access and egress points; Workers not complying with flagmen Regular topic in TBT’s Low
2 Tower crane foundations • Excavations;
• Use of plant – excavators etc.;
• Use of concrete;
• Temporary Works; • See Risk Assessment 010 – Excavations;
• See Risk Assessment 014 – use of Mobile Concrete pump;
• Failure due to incorrect design; 4 5 20 High i. Crane foundations to be designed by approved persons, to clear design criteria;
ii. Foundations given adequate curing time before crane erection;
iii. Temporary Works Coordinator to control excavations and concrete pours; Low
3 Siting, setting up and testing of Tower crane • Works at Height;
• Working in proximity to existing struct
Last year in the UK 40 people died and nearly 43,000 reported non fatal injuries as a result of a fall from height in the workplace. Falls from height are the most common cause of fatal injury and the second most common cause of major injury to employees, accounting for around 15% of all such injuries...
This document provides information on inspecting and using various types of slings for rigging, including alloy chain slings, synthetic slings, wire rope slings, and metal mesh slings. It discusses the four basic types of slings, required inspections, and inspection criteria for alloy chain slings. Key points covered include inspecting slings before each use, completing a technical inspection at least annually, and maintaining inspection records for alloy steel chain slings. Criteria for alloy chain sling inspections include checking for links, hooks, wear, and other defects or damage.
8 Lifting Operations with mobile crane Risk Assessment Templates
Crane checks on arrival to site
PRIOR TO USE
Access of crane to work areas
Siting and setting up of crane
Lifting of equipment and material
(Mobile crane Operator)
Crane supervision
Crane Maintenance
(revised 06-06-2018)
This risk assessment document identifies hazards associated with lifting operations using a tower crane on a construction site. It lists 6 specific tasks: 1) access of crane sections, 2) tower crane foundations, 3) siting, setting up and testing, 4) lifting of equipment and material, 5) tower crane supervision, and 6) jumping and dismantling the tower crane. For each task, potential hazards are identified and an initial risk rating is given. Control measures are then provided to reduce the risks, along with any additional measures. Residual risks after controls are also assessed. The goal is to ensure lifting operations are performed safely.
This document outlines regulations and guidelines for safe lifting operations and the use of lifting appliances. It discusses requirements for equipment strength and stability, prevention of injuries, thorough inspections and examinations. Various types of cranes and their safety devices are described. Factors to consider when selecting cranes include load size, lift heights and durations. Proper planning, supervision and safe practices are required for all lifting operations.
This document provides a hazard identification and risk assessment for welding work being conducted at a project site in Versova, Mumbai. It identifies several hazards associated with welding including electric shock, fire, health issues from fumes and sparks, and improper use of equipment. For each hazard, it evaluates the severity and likelihood of risks. It also identifies applicable legal requirements and provides control measures to reduce risks. Controls include inspection of equipment, use of protective gear like face shields, isolating work areas, training workers, and ensuring only authorized personnel conduct welding. The overall risk level is determined to be "acceptable and non-significant" when proper controls are implemented.
16 Scaffolding (Temporary Works) Risk Assessment Templates
Access to work areas by personnel and plant.
Scaffold Material delivery to work area;
Scaffold design and erection standards
(Classified as Temporary Structure)
Scaffold erection
(Classified as Temporary Structure)
Dismantling of scaffold
Maintenance of Scaffold
Worker exposure to direct sun whist working on scaffold
(as applicable)
Plant checks on arrival to site
PRIOR TO SITE ACCESS • Use of heavy plant for demolition;
Demolition of concrete structure • Excavator breaker operation
• (Operator)Plant / pedestrian interaction;
• Operator visibility;
Demolition (supervision) • Plant operations around workers;
• Workers in plant operating radius;
Undertaking breaking Works – Manual operation using compressed air jack hammers; • Use of hand held breakers;
Removal of waste concrete and rebar • Truck operations around workers;
Lifting and rigging operations are some of the most hazardous activities we regularly undertake, day in day out. The consequences of something going wrong during a lifting or rigging operation can literally be fatal.
Standard Operating Practices (SOPs) and Standard Maintenance Practices (SMPs)...Bimal Chandra Das
1. The document provides operating rules for crane operators, outlining proper procedures for safely lifting and moving loads.
2. Key rules include centering the crane over the load before lifting, operating the crane smoothly, keeping lifting ropes vertical, ensuring the area is clear before lifting, and checking that loads are lifted high enough to clear obstructions.
3. Operators are instructed to test hoist brakes with near capacity loads, secure slings and hooks properly, avoid overloading the crane, and follow shutdown procedures by raising hooks, parking in designated locations, and turning all controls off before leaving the crane.
The document provides an overview of key considerations for rigging jobs, including the load's weight, center of gravity, attachment points, required rigging hardware, lift equipment, and personnel. It discusses determining a load's center of gravity and how rigging to the center of gravity helps control the load. Various factors that affect sling capacities are covered, such as end attachments, splicing efficiency, hitch types, D/d ratios, number of legs used, and load angles. Methods for calculating load sharing and tensions in multi-leg rigging configurations are also presented.
This document describes a zero harm machinery safeguarding program implemented by an international pharmaceutical manufacturer. It details a case study where the manufacturer had several serious machinery injuries between 2004-2009 due to unguarded hazards and deficiencies in risk assessments. In response, the company developed a 5-day "Zero Access" training program to systematically identify and document all access points to hazards. The program was piloted at 10 sites across 9 countries. Key findings included numerous guarding deficiencies and issues with machine intervention practices. Monitoring found that physical access posed a larger problem than interlock deficiencies. Sustaining the program required reassessments, effective training, and continued monitoring.
13 Initial Project Site Office Set-up Risk Assessment Templates
Working adjacent to public areas
Vehicles/Plant Equipment movements
Groundworks / excavations
Excavation in site area
Trial trenches, septic tank excavation etc.
Works at Height
(Office cabin set-up)
Use of Ladders and stepladders
Mobile Crane operation
(Cabin/unit placing)
Temporary electrics - offices
Site generators – offices and site
Lifting operation, as a huge and complicated systems engineering, involves every aspects of enterprise production. This paper will briefly introduce some common problems and control procedures during operation for occupational safety and health .
This document provides a lifting plan, risk assessment, and method statement for lifting operations. It includes details of the load, cranes, lifting accessories, hazards identified, risk assessment, responsibilities of personnel, and acceptance signatures. The key details are the load weight and dimensions, crane models and capacities, identified hazards like overhead power lines, and the sequence of operations. Personnel roles like appointed person, slinger, and crane supervisor are defined. Weather limits and ground conditions are also addressed.
Arrangements for management of the different conditions brought about by night works or what assessments will be undertaken to ensure this can be conducted safely. Detail should also include shift patterns and management of worker fatigue.
Working at night poses a serious safety risk for
highway & construction workers. Those who work
at night are at a higher risk for injury because of:
• Reduced visibility for Equipment and other
vehicle drivers.
• Reduced visibility for workers.
• Lack of communication between shifts
• Increased number of impaired or drowsy drivers
• Sleep deprivation for workers
This document provides an agenda and guidelines for a training on work at height safety. The training covers topics like emergency procedures, definitions of work at height, ladder safety, roof safety, hazards and precautions. It also includes a quiz to test comprehension. General guidelines for the training include following COVID-19 precautions and not being distracted.
The document provides guidelines for riggers on safely lifting loads. It outlines the responsibilities of riggers, which include being physically fit, trained in lifting equipment, able to properly signal crane operators, and understand load placement for safety. Riggers must understand lifting tackle certification and color coding. They must also inspect lifting gear, like slings and shackles, and ensure equipment markings are present and legible. Proper hitches and safety precautions during lifts are also covered.
This document discusses safety considerations for crane operations. It covers different types of cranes and their components. Key points addressed include calculating clearance and headroom for cranes, factors that affect crane stability like operating radius and load weight, and safety rules for crane operators and helpers. Tipping loads, boom failure, frozen load handling, and boom-over-cab accidents are examined in detail.
Hand Signals for Crane Operations Training by Willis Safety ConsultingAtlantic Training, LLC.
This document provides information on proper hand signals for crane operations, including:
- A signal person must be present whenever the crane is working near power lines, the operator cannot see the load, or the crane is backing up or moving where the operator cannot see.
- The signal person must be qualified, positioned where they are clearly visible to the operator, have a full view of the load, and communicate constantly with the operator using standard hand signals or radio.
- It outlines the ANSI standard hand signals for various crane functions like hoisting, lowering, swinging, traveling, and emergency stop. It also describes requirements for signal persons and crane operators.
This document provides information on inspecting and using various types of slings for rigging, including alloy chain slings, synthetic slings, wire rope slings, and metal mesh slings. It discusses the four basic types of slings, required inspections, and inspection criteria for alloy chain slings. Key points covered include inspecting slings before each use, completing a technical inspection at least annually, and maintaining inspection records for alloy steel chain slings. Criteria for alloy chain sling inspections include checking for links, hooks, wear, and other defects or damage.
8 Lifting Operations with mobile crane Risk Assessment Templates
Crane checks on arrival to site
PRIOR TO USE
Access of crane to work areas
Siting and setting up of crane
Lifting of equipment and material
(Mobile crane Operator)
Crane supervision
Crane Maintenance
(revised 06-06-2018)
This risk assessment document identifies hazards associated with lifting operations using a tower crane on a construction site. It lists 6 specific tasks: 1) access of crane sections, 2) tower crane foundations, 3) siting, setting up and testing, 4) lifting of equipment and material, 5) tower crane supervision, and 6) jumping and dismantling the tower crane. For each task, potential hazards are identified and an initial risk rating is given. Control measures are then provided to reduce the risks, along with any additional measures. Residual risks after controls are also assessed. The goal is to ensure lifting operations are performed safely.
This document outlines regulations and guidelines for safe lifting operations and the use of lifting appliances. It discusses requirements for equipment strength and stability, prevention of injuries, thorough inspections and examinations. Various types of cranes and their safety devices are described. Factors to consider when selecting cranes include load size, lift heights and durations. Proper planning, supervision and safe practices are required for all lifting operations.
This document provides a hazard identification and risk assessment for welding work being conducted at a project site in Versova, Mumbai. It identifies several hazards associated with welding including electric shock, fire, health issues from fumes and sparks, and improper use of equipment. For each hazard, it evaluates the severity and likelihood of risks. It also identifies applicable legal requirements and provides control measures to reduce risks. Controls include inspection of equipment, use of protective gear like face shields, isolating work areas, training workers, and ensuring only authorized personnel conduct welding. The overall risk level is determined to be "acceptable and non-significant" when proper controls are implemented.
16 Scaffolding (Temporary Works) Risk Assessment Templates
Access to work areas by personnel and plant.
Scaffold Material delivery to work area;
Scaffold design and erection standards
(Classified as Temporary Structure)
Scaffold erection
(Classified as Temporary Structure)
Dismantling of scaffold
Maintenance of Scaffold
Worker exposure to direct sun whist working on scaffold
(as applicable)
Plant checks on arrival to site
PRIOR TO SITE ACCESS • Use of heavy plant for demolition;
Demolition of concrete structure • Excavator breaker operation
• (Operator)Plant / pedestrian interaction;
• Operator visibility;
Demolition (supervision) • Plant operations around workers;
• Workers in plant operating radius;
Undertaking breaking Works – Manual operation using compressed air jack hammers; • Use of hand held breakers;
Removal of waste concrete and rebar • Truck operations around workers;
Lifting and rigging operations are some of the most hazardous activities we regularly undertake, day in day out. The consequences of something going wrong during a lifting or rigging operation can literally be fatal.
Standard Operating Practices (SOPs) and Standard Maintenance Practices (SMPs)...Bimal Chandra Das
1. The document provides operating rules for crane operators, outlining proper procedures for safely lifting and moving loads.
2. Key rules include centering the crane over the load before lifting, operating the crane smoothly, keeping lifting ropes vertical, ensuring the area is clear before lifting, and checking that loads are lifted high enough to clear obstructions.
3. Operators are instructed to test hoist brakes with near capacity loads, secure slings and hooks properly, avoid overloading the crane, and follow shutdown procedures by raising hooks, parking in designated locations, and turning all controls off before leaving the crane.
The document provides an overview of key considerations for rigging jobs, including the load's weight, center of gravity, attachment points, required rigging hardware, lift equipment, and personnel. It discusses determining a load's center of gravity and how rigging to the center of gravity helps control the load. Various factors that affect sling capacities are covered, such as end attachments, splicing efficiency, hitch types, D/d ratios, number of legs used, and load angles. Methods for calculating load sharing and tensions in multi-leg rigging configurations are also presented.
This document describes a zero harm machinery safeguarding program implemented by an international pharmaceutical manufacturer. It details a case study where the manufacturer had several serious machinery injuries between 2004-2009 due to unguarded hazards and deficiencies in risk assessments. In response, the company developed a 5-day "Zero Access" training program to systematically identify and document all access points to hazards. The program was piloted at 10 sites across 9 countries. Key findings included numerous guarding deficiencies and issues with machine intervention practices. Monitoring found that physical access posed a larger problem than interlock deficiencies. Sustaining the program required reassessments, effective training, and continued monitoring.
13 Initial Project Site Office Set-up Risk Assessment Templates
Working adjacent to public areas
Vehicles/Plant Equipment movements
Groundworks / excavations
Excavation in site area
Trial trenches, septic tank excavation etc.
Works at Height
(Office cabin set-up)
Use of Ladders and stepladders
Mobile Crane operation
(Cabin/unit placing)
Temporary electrics - offices
Site generators – offices and site
Lifting operation, as a huge and complicated systems engineering, involves every aspects of enterprise production. This paper will briefly introduce some common problems and control procedures during operation for occupational safety and health .
This document provides a lifting plan, risk assessment, and method statement for lifting operations. It includes details of the load, cranes, lifting accessories, hazards identified, risk assessment, responsibilities of personnel, and acceptance signatures. The key details are the load weight and dimensions, crane models and capacities, identified hazards like overhead power lines, and the sequence of operations. Personnel roles like appointed person, slinger, and crane supervisor are defined. Weather limits and ground conditions are also addressed.
Arrangements for management of the different conditions brought about by night works or what assessments will be undertaken to ensure this can be conducted safely. Detail should also include shift patterns and management of worker fatigue.
Working at night poses a serious safety risk for
highway & construction workers. Those who work
at night are at a higher risk for injury because of:
• Reduced visibility for Equipment and other
vehicle drivers.
• Reduced visibility for workers.
• Lack of communication between shifts
• Increased number of impaired or drowsy drivers
• Sleep deprivation for workers
This document provides an agenda and guidelines for a training on work at height safety. The training covers topics like emergency procedures, definitions of work at height, ladder safety, roof safety, hazards and precautions. It also includes a quiz to test comprehension. General guidelines for the training include following COVID-19 precautions and not being distracted.
The document provides guidelines for riggers on safely lifting loads. It outlines the responsibilities of riggers, which include being physically fit, trained in lifting equipment, able to properly signal crane operators, and understand load placement for safety. Riggers must understand lifting tackle certification and color coding. They must also inspect lifting gear, like slings and shackles, and ensure equipment markings are present and legible. Proper hitches and safety precautions during lifts are also covered.
This document discusses safety considerations for crane operations. It covers different types of cranes and their components. Key points addressed include calculating clearance and headroom for cranes, factors that affect crane stability like operating radius and load weight, and safety rules for crane operators and helpers. Tipping loads, boom failure, frozen load handling, and boom-over-cab accidents are examined in detail.
Hand Signals for Crane Operations Training by Willis Safety ConsultingAtlantic Training, LLC.
This document provides information on proper hand signals for crane operations, including:
- A signal person must be present whenever the crane is working near power lines, the operator cannot see the load, or the crane is backing up or moving where the operator cannot see.
- The signal person must be qualified, positioned where they are clearly visible to the operator, have a full view of the load, and communicate constantly with the operator using standard hand signals or radio.
- It outlines the ANSI standard hand signals for various crane functions like hoisting, lowering, swinging, traveling, and emergency stop. It also describes requirements for signal persons and crane operators.
برامج الحزمة التدريبية المقدمة من منظمة سمة الخير الطوعية
دورةإ دارة المشاريع الصغيرة
المقدمة لمنسوبي الاتحاد المهني للحرفين بولاية جنوب دارفور السودان
تحت اشراف مؤوسسة التمويل الاصغر فرع نيالا
Crane Accidents and Emergencies: Causes, Repairs and Prevention
Presented by Portek's Chairman Larry Lam and Technical Director Soon Chong Tok
TOC Asia 15 March 2007
Learn crane and rigging management systems from one of the top General Contractors in the U.S. known for its comprehensive training and focus on employee safety. This three-part session will provide insight into Kiewit’s essential management principles that you can implement in your company.
The topics include:
new operators: hiring, training and technology
risk assessment and mitigation for cranes on job sites
rigging personnel and qualifications
lift planning and incident reporting
Speaker: Bret Shields, Corporate Crane Compliance Manager, Kiewit Crane Services
The document discusses ladder safety, including types of portable ladders, ratings, selecting the appropriate ladder, proper use, maintenance and storage. It notes that most ladder injuries involve falls of less than 10 feet and recommends inspecting ladders regularly, setting them up correctly, and climbing/descending properly to reduce risks.
This document discusses crane and lifting equipment safety policies and procedures. It defines key terms related to lifting equipment certification such as maximum working tension, working load, hook load, proof load, and safety factor. It provides guidelines for visual inspection and annual load testing of equipment. Color coding procedures are outlined to identify equipment certification status. Requirements are described for various types of lifting equipment including hooks, shackles, sheaves, tool lifting caps, slings, and containers.
The document provides safety guidelines for operating overhead cranes and hoists. It states that equipment must be inspected daily for wear and damage before use. Operators should warn others to stay clear of lifted loads and never allow anyone to ride the hook or load. Loads should be lifted smoothly and directly below the hoist, and brakes should be tested when lifting near maximum capacity. Cranes should never be left unattended while loads are suspended.
This document provides an overview of mobile crane regulations around the world. It discusses the parts of mobile cranes including the chassis/base, upperworks, swing mechanism, and parameters considered for safe operation. Load charts and duty charts are described which specify the rated capacity of cranes under different configurations. Factors that influence safe working like ground conditions, wind, electricity hazards and multi-crane lifts are also covered.
Cranes are used to lift and lower materials in construction and manufacturing. They can be mounted on vehicles or structures. Operators control the crane and communicate with workers through signals. The largest revolving cranes are found on ships. Common types include mobile, overhead, gantry and tower cranes. Unstable loads, lack of communication, lack of training, and inadequate maintenance or inspection are major causes of crane accidents that can injure operators or others in the area. Regular inspections by a competent person help ensure cranes are safe to use.
This document discusses safe slinging practices for different types of slings, including wire rope, chain, and synthetic slings. It covers sling inspection criteria and proper use, storage, and maintenance. Specific issues addressed include load capacity reduction due to sling angles, proper hitch configuration, and avoiding shock loading. The document emphasizes regular inspection and replacement of worn or damaged sling components to prevent failures from overloading or deterioration.
Construction Electrical Safety Training by South Carolina State AssociationAtlantic Training, LLC.
The document discusses electrical safety hazards and protections in construction. It notes that about 5 workers are electrocuted every week and electricity is a major cause of young worker deaths. Key electrical hazards include exposed live parts, defective wiring and cords, overloaded circuits, and improper grounding. Proper protections include covering live parts, using grounded tools and equipment, installing ground fault circuit interrupters, closing unused openings in electrical panels, and providing electrical safety training to workers. Following safe work practices and using personal protective equipment can help prevent injuries and electrocutions from electrical hazards.
This document provides guidance on safely rigging equipment for material handling. It discusses inspecting and maintaining rigging equipment like slings, hooks, shackles and wire ropes. Specific requirements are outlined for different types of rigging equipment regarding safe working loads, inspection frequencies, and conditions for removal from service. Proper rigging techniques are also covered such as determining load weights, selecting appropriately sized rigging components, and balancing loads.
Use multiple single leg slings to wrap around off-center loads for better stability. Secure all loose equipment before lifting. When using eye bolts or slings, be aware that their capacity decreases significantly at angled loads. Use proper padding and hitches to control loads and prevent damage.
This document discusses rigging fundamentals presented by Hennepin Technical College in partnership with OSHA. It covers topics like crane capacity charts, sling inspection requirements, how sling angles affect lifting capacity, the importance of capturing the center of gravity during lifts, and performing test lifts to check load stability. Rigging safety is emphasized to help ensure everyone goes home safely from work each day.
This document discusses crane safety and proper rigging procedures. It outlines some of the major causes of crane accidents such as electrocution, tipping over, and rigging failures. It emphasizes the importance of proper outrigger setup to stabilize cranes, using barricades and tag lines during lifts, inspecting all rigging equipment, and balancing loads. Following proper procedures can help prevent accidents and injuries when operating cranes and performing lifts.
Dun-Rite Specialized Carriers is a licensed Master Rigger permitted to hoist or lower any object on the outside of buildings, all of its riggers and crane operators are certified, and as a Master Rigger it can secure permits from the NYC Department of Transportation for sidewalk and roadway closures related to crane use.
A presentation with exhaustive information about the general idea of formwork, the various types, the newest introductions and a comparative study between the conventional and modern-day formwork.
It also includes the study of causes of failure of formwork and the safety measures to be taken for preventing failure.
Equipment contact with power lines remains one of the top concerns of crane and rigging professionals throughout the world. What is the impact of line voltages and working distances? This presentation identifys work zones, where to mark zones and how to prevent equipment and personnel encroachment in these areas. Mr. Smith also discusses the use of insulated links, non-conductive rigging, required signage and training requirements plus provide key elements of a power line safety system for mobile cranes on a jobsite. If your company is located outside the U.S. and not governed by OSHA rules, this presentation will showcase industry best practices which can be employed no matter where your jobsite is located.
Speaker: Bill Smith, Vice President, NBIS
The document summarizes new OSHA requirements for construction crane safety that took effect in 2010. It aims to prevent crane accidents that killed an average of 78 people per year from 2003-2005. Key changes include mandatory crane operator certification, fall protection requirements, inspection procedures, ground condition assessments, and safety protocols when working near power lines. Employers have four years to comply with the new standards to improve safety for the 200,000 construction crane operators in the industry.
This LOLER lift plan details the steps for installing Mod 9 PA SDV-20253 valves. It involves pre-rigging lifting points and slinging the 3000kg load. The valves will be lifted using 4 air hoists and soft eye wire slings, transferred across structure, and lowered into position. Riggers will follow safety procedures like using harnesses, erecting barriers, and inspecting equipment. The lift requires multiple personnel and will be supervised by a rigging foreman.
Quality Control Operator Training &.pptxAizazFarhat3
The document provides training information for crane operators, including their responsibilities and safety hazards. It discusses proper inspection and maintenance of cranes, as well as safe operating procedures like ensuring clear communication during lifts, level ground support, and keeping people clear of loads. Hazards mentioned include power lines, overloading, instability, and lack of training or maintenance. Trainees are tested to identify unsafe conditions in images.
The document discusses safety procedures for operating cranes near power lines as outlined by OSHA regulations. It explains that OSHA requires a minimum 20 foot clearance between cranes and power lines, but closer work is allowed if additional safety measures are followed. These measures include de-energizing power lines, maintaining specified distance clearances based on voltage, using insulated links or alarms, and designating spotters. It emphasizes the importance of training all personnel on a work site near cranes on how electricity travels through equipment and the ground to avoid electrocution if contact is made with a power line.
This document provides information on various types of hoisting and conveying equipment used in industry. It defines and discusses hoisting apparatus, cranes, tower cranes, mobile cranes, derricks, jib cranes, monorails, overhead cranes, gantry cranes and storage bridge cranes. For each type of equipment, the document outlines general safety guidelines including proper inspection, maintenance, operator training and safe operating procedures to prevent accidents.
The document provides safety training information for crane and hoist operators. It discusses qualifications required, daily inspection requirements, safety rules to follow during operation, and references various industry standards. The key points are:
- Operators must be qualified through training and pass a practical exam on the specific equipment.
- Daily inspections of hooks, wire ropes, brakes and other components are required to check for any defects or damage.
- Safety rules address proper load handling, not exceeding capacity, following signals, and shutting off power when not in use.
- References provided include ASME and OSHA standards on cranes, hoists, slings and other lifting equipment. Proper inspection and following industry
Rigger_ENG.PPTX dddd dvgfr rr ergre gerg er gerg erger g ergrLuisValente37
This document discusses legal frameworks and safety requirements for cargo handling and machinery operation. It defines key terms like prevention, manufacturer duties, and hazardous areas. It outlines minimum safety requirements for mobile equipment, including control systems, stability, projections, risks of contact and signaling. The document also discusses inspection of lifting accessories, signaling, personal protective equipment, and controlling risks from alcohol and drugs in the workplace.
This document provides information about cranes and crane safety. It discusses the purpose of crane safety training, the types of cranes commonly used in construction, crane components, OSHA crane standards, assembly and disassembly procedures, hazards associated with cranes, and responsibilities for qualified operators, riggers, and signal persons. The objectives of crane safety training are to understand crane components, hazards, safety procedures, and OSHA regulations to safely operate and work with cranes.
The document discusses crane safety training objectives, common crane hazards, issues, and corrective measures. It aims to inform operators of OSHA standards and proper inspection procedures. Key hazards discussed include power lines, overloading, materials slipping from the crane, ground conditions, and wire rope/hook damage. Proper setup of outriggers, use of pads, and frequent inspections are emphasized to reduce risks and ensure cranes are safely configured according to criteria.
The document provides information on truck crane operation and inspections. It discusses the components and functions of wheel mounted and truck cranes. It also defines key terms like competent person and outlines OSHA and ANSI standards. The document details required inspections for cranes, including frequent daily to monthly checks and more thorough periodic inspections. Inspection procedures include examining the crane structure, control mechanisms, safety devices, ropes, electrical systems and more. Hand signals for crane operation are illustrated and safety rules for crane operators are provided.
The document discusses lifting operations and safety. It covers common accidents from lifting, legislative requirements, important factors like people, machinery, loads, methods and environment. It then goes into more detail on cranes, lifting gears, and proper inspection and use of wire rope slings, chain slings, shackles and other lifting equipment. Maintaining safe working loads and regularly inspecting all equipment is emphasized to prevent accidents during lifting operations.
The new OSHA construction crane safety standard aims to prevent crane-related injuries and deaths by mandating operator certification, inspection requirements, hazard assessments, and safety procedures. It takes effect in November 2010 and phases in certification for approximately 200,000 operators over four years. Noncompliance can result in penalties for employers.
This LOLER lift plan details the lifting of a 349.9kg pipe spool from one location to another on an offshore platform. It involves multiple lifting points and the use of chains, beams, and strops. The plan outlines 16 specific tasks for riggers to complete the lift safely. It requires barriers, designated lifting equipment, slinging methods, communication protocols, and checks of the route and lay down area. The workforce must read, understand, and comply with the risk assessment and lifting plan for the complex operation. No deviations are allowed without approval from the lifting focal point.
This document discusses safe lifting practices and requirements. It defines routine and non-routine lifts and lists potential hazards. Key requirements include developing a lifting plan, appointing competent supervisors, inspecting equipment, and defining roles for crane operators, riggers, and signal persons. Specific safe practices are outlined for preparing loads, attaching slings, and storing/maintaining equipment. Personnel must be trained and lifts must not endanger workers or exceed equipment ratings.
The document provides details of a technical seminar presentation on safe crane and lifting operations. It includes an introduction by the presenter, objectives of the seminar, literature review on previous related studies, descriptions of lifting principles and major hazards associated with crane work. It also outlines safety devices for mobile cranes, best practices for crane operation and rigging, rigging selection criteria, and concludes with a case study of a crane accident. The presentation aims to educate about safe crane use and lifting procedures to prevent occupational accidents.
This document provides a crane lifting plan and risk assessment for a lifting operation. It details the crane and lift information, including load details, lifting tackle, and crane setup procedures. Safety procedures are outlined, such as conducting a site inspection, briefing personnel, establishing communication methods, and following weather restrictions. Personnel qualifications and roles are defined. The plan is intended to ensure the lifting operation is carried out safely in compliance with relevant standards and regulations.
The document discusses key practices for ITC including: designating vehicle pathways separated from worker areas; ensuring high visibility of workers through appropriate clothing and communication between workers and operators; and designating spotters when equipment is backing up or visibility is limited. Formal training records help ensure compliance with OSHA standards for protecting workers.
This document discusses crane safety hazards and control measures on construction sites. It analyzes 149 tower crane accident reports from 2015-2019 in China that resulted in 216 deaths and 89 injuries. Common causes of crane accidents include using unsuitable or damaged lifting accessories, improperly secured loads, untrained operators, and failure to properly maintain or erect cranes. The document provides recommendations for planning, erecting, operating, managing, inspecting and maintaining tower cranes safely.
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4. Instructor Qualifications
• 1. 35 years of commercial insurance experience conducting
risk assessments for contractors.
• 2. Four years teaching crane rigging and signal person
training.
• 3. An OSHA Construction Outreach Authorized Instructor.
• 4. Have a general awareness of the new OSHA crane rule 29
CFR 1926 Subpart CC and have developed signal person
training courses.
• Completed Crane Inspection & Certification Bureau’s Mobile
Crane Operations one week course.
• Professional Designations: CSP (Certified Safety
Professional), ARM (Associate in Risk Management), CRIS
(Construction Risk and Insurance Specialist)
5. Learning Objectives
At the end of this course, participants should be able to:
■Understand the basic hazards associated with signaling
crane operations
■Know OSHA Requirements for Crane Signal Person
Qualification CFR 1926.1428
■Obtain skills, knowledge and qualification for using
hand and radio signals to safely direct crane
movements.
■Be able to develop your own company’s Signal Person
Qualification program.
7. OSHA CFR 1926.1428 – Signal Person
Qualifications
• Employer must ensure each signal person meets
Qualification Requirements [1926.1428 (c)]
• Two Options - Third Party or Employer
• Third Party qualification is portable
• Documentation by Third Party or Employer
• Written or Verbal Test
• Practical Test
8. OSHA CFR 1926.1428 – Signal Person
Qualifications (continued)
• Documentation must specify type of signaling, e.g., voice,
hand signals, or other
• Must know and understand types of signals used, e.g.,
“Standard Method” for hand signals
• Be competent in the application of the type of signals
used
• Have a basic understanding of equipment operation and
limitations including crane dynamics involved in swinging
and stopping loads and boom deflection from hoisting
loads
• Know and understand relevant requirements of CFR
1926.1419 through 1926.1422 and 1926.1428
13. Parts of Cranes
• Movable boom – can be raised, lowered, rotated
• Spool with steel cable that extends to end of boom
• Counterweights that offset the weight of the load
14. CHAPTER 4
• GENERAL SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
• DISQUALIFICAITON
• GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
15. General Safety
Considerations• Typical PPE will likely include hard hat, safety glasses, gloves, high visibility vest and work
boots.
• Before the lift begins, check that the load hook is centered over the load and that the
rigging gear is properly set. Also check that the load stays centered during the lift.
• Watch for power lines to be sure the boom or load doesn’t get too close.
• Watch the boom deflection closely to make sure it doesn’t exceed the load radius.
• Make sure other personnel stay out of the crane operating area and always keep yourself
and others from under a suspended load.
• The rotation of the cab and counterweights presents a hazard. Stay well away from its
rotation zone.
• Avoid using your hands to control a load. Use a tag line so you can stay a safe distance
from the load.
• When an operator is moving a load horizontally, it may swing if the boom stops suddenly.
Stay well away from swinging loads.
• Also, pay close attention to weather conditions. Lightning and strong side winds can
produce serious hazards. The steel boom can act like a lightning rod and the wind pushing
on the load and boom can make cranes unstable.
16. Signal Person
Disqualification
• If subsequent actions by the signal person do not
follow agreed upon signals or uses inappropriate
signals the employer must:
• Disqualify the person
• Prohibit the person from working as a signal person
• Retrain and re-qualify the signal person
• EXAMPLES
• Not using Standard Method Signals
• Using wrong signal, e.g., booming up instead of hoisting up
• The goal of this requirement is to help prevent
miscommunication between signal person and crane
operator.
17. CFR 1926.1419 Signals – General
Requirements
• Signal person must be provided in each of the
following situations:
• Where point of operation view is obstructed
• When equipment is traveling and the view in the direction
of travel is obstructed
• Due to site specific safety concerns – either operator or
person handling the load determines that it is necessary
• Types of Signals
• Hand, Voice or New Signals
• A second signaler may be needed if the view of the
pick or landing area is obstructed.
18. CFR 1926.1419 Signals – General
Requirements (continued)
• When using Hand Signals, you must use the Standard
Method
• Found in Appendix A
• Exceptions – When infeasible or where an operation or use
of an attachment is not covered in the Standard Method,
Non-standard hand signals may be used in accordance with
1926.1419(c)(2)
• Non-standard hand signals 1926.1419(c)(2)
• Must communicate with signal person, operator, and lift
director (if any) the non-standard hand signals that will be
used
19. CFR 1926.1419 Signals – General
Requirements (continued)
New Signals – may be used where the employer
demonstrates:
• They are equally effective communication as voice,
audible, or Standard Method hand signals, or
• The New Signals comply with national consensus
standards that provides at least equally effective
communication
20. CFR 1926.1419 Signals – General
Requirements (continued)
1419(e) Suitability
Hand, voice, or new signals and their means of
transmitting the signals to the operator must be
appropriate for the site conditions.
Example: Radio signals would not be suitable if electronic
interference on the site prohibits the signals from being
readily understood. Hand signals would not be suitable
at night or over large distances.
Note: Operators often have a say in what types of
signals will be used.
21. CFR 1926.1419 Signals – General
Requirements (continued)
1419(f)
• During operations requiring signals, the ability to
transmit signals between the operator and signal
person must be maintained.
• If this ability is interrupted at any time, the
operator must safely stop operations requiring
signals until it is re-established and a proper signal
is given and understood.
22. CFR 1926.1419 Signals – General
Requirements (continued)
1419(g)
• If the operator becomes aware of a safety problem
and needs to communicate with the signal person,
the operator must safely stop operations.
• Operations must not resume until the operator and
signal person agree that the problem has been
resolved.
23. CFR 1926.1419 Signals – General
Requirements (continued)
1419(h)
• Only one person may give signals to a crane/derrick at a time,
except in circumstances covered in 1419(j) (emergencies)
1419(j)
• Anyone who becomes aware of a safety problem must alert the
operator or signal person by giving the stop or emergency stop
signal
Note: 1926.1417(y) requires the operator to obey a stop or
emergency stop signal.
24. CFR 1926.1419 Signals – General
Requirements (continued)
1419(k)
• All directions given to the operator by the signal
person must be given from the operator’s direction
perspective.
• Meaning that the signal person must provide the signals
as if he or she was sitting in the operator’s seat and
facing the same direction as the operator
25. CFR 1926.1419 Signals – General
Requirements (continued)
1419(m)
• Communication with multiple cranes/derricks
• Must use a system to identifying the crane each signal
is for:
• For each signal, prior to giving the function/direction,
the signal person must identify the crane/derrick the
signal is for, or
• Must use equally effective method of identifying which
crane /derrick the signal is for.
27. CFR 1926.1420 Signals – Radio,
telephone or other electronic
transmission of signals
• Must test device before to ensure signal transmission is
effective, clear, and reliable.
• Signal transmission must be through a dedicated channel,
except;
• Multiple cranes/derricks and one or more signal person as may
share a dedicated channel for the purpose of coordinating
operations.
• Where a crane is being operated on or adjacent to railroad
tracks, and the actions of the crane operators need to be
coordinated with the movement of other equipment or trains on
the same or adjacent tracks.
• The operator’s reception of the signals must be by a
hands-free system.
• Hardwired intercom on tower cranes are most reliable.
28. CFR 1926.1421 -Signals – Voice Signals
– Additional Requirements
• The operator, signal person and lift director (if any) must be
able to effectively communicate in the language used.
• Prior to beginning operations, the operator, signal person and
lift director(if any) must contact each other and agree on the
voice signals that will be used. No further meetings needed
unless;
• Another worker is added or substituted
• There is confusion about the signals
• Voice signal is to be changed.
• Each voice signal must contain the following three elements,
given in the following order:
1. Function, e.g., (hoist/boom), direction
2. Distance and/or speed
3. Function, e.g., hoist/boom stop command
29. CFR 1926.1421 -Signals – Voice Signals
– Additional Requirements (continued)
Examples:
• Swing boom right 30-feet, 25-feet, 20 feet, 15-feet,
10-feet, 5-feet, two feet, swing stop.
• Load down 20-feet, load down 15-feet, load down
10-feet, load down 5- feet, load down 2-feet, load
stop.
• Load up, slow, slow, slow, load stop
31. Two Major Types of Signals
• Mobile and Locomotive Cranes ASME B30.5-2007
• Tower Cranes ASME B30.3-2009
32. ASME B30.5-2007
Mobile and Locomotive Cranes
•General Rules
•Standard Hand Signals
•Standard Voice Signals
•Signal person Qualification
•Special Signals
•Audible Travel Signals
•Audible Emergency Signals
33. ASME B30.5-2007
• General Rules – Adopted by OSHA
• Continuous communication between COP & SP
• Any concerns by COP of requested movement required
COP to stop all crane movement
• Any instructions other than established signals requires
full stop.
• Perform hand signals slowly and deliberately
• Be in clear view of the COP and load
47. Voice Signal – Telescope In
Initiate Function
•“Telescope in”
Terminate Function
•“Telescope stop”
47
48. Voice Signal – Telescope Out
Initiate Function
•“Telescope out”
Terminate Function
•“Telescope stop”
48
49. Voice Signal – Use Main Hoist
Initiate Function
•“Use main hoist”
•“Use main drum”
Terminate Function
•NA
49
50. Voice Signal – Swing
Initiate Function
•“Swing right”
•“Swing left”
Terminate Function
•“Swing stop”
50
51. Voice Signal – Travel
Initiate Function
•“Travel Forward”
•“Travel Reverse”
Terminate Function
•“Travel Stop”
51
52. Voice Signal – Travel One Track
Initiate Function
•“Travel left track forward”
•“Travel left track reverse”
•“Travel right track forward”
•“Travel right track reverse”
Terminate Function
•“Travel Stop”
52
53. Voice Signal – Travel Both Tracks
Initiate Function
•“Travel both tracks forward”
•“Travel both tracks reverse”
Terminate Function
•“Travel Stop”
53
54. Voice Signal – Dog Everything
Initiate Function
•“Dog everything”
Terminate Function
NA
54
55. Hand Signals B30.3 2009 Tower
Cranes
• Nine signals in all.
• Seven are the same as for mobile cranes, e.g.,
Lower, Hoist, Stop, Emergency Stop, Move Slowly,
Swing and Dog Everything.
• Two new signals pertain to trolley and tower travel
56. Voice Signal – Travel
Initiate Function
•“Travel Forward”
•“Travel Reverse”
Terminate Function
•“Travel Stop”
56
57. Voice Signal – Trolley Travel
Initiate Function
•“Trolley in”
•“Trolley out”
Terminate Function
•“Trolley stop”
57
58. CFR 1926.1422 Hand Signal
Chart
• Must be posted on the equipment, or;
• Conspicuously posted in the vicinity of the hoisting
operations.
• Signals specified by ANSI B30.6 - 1969 .
61. Equipment Operation and
Limitations
• Maximum rating (tons) – Maximum rig capability – Determined by the
Mfg. ( Metric Ton = 2,204.6 pounds)
• Gross Capacity (determined by radius and other factors, jib/outriggers)
• Maximum Net Load (accounts for weights of rigging, blocks, headache
ball, stowed fly, auxiliary boom head. Some crane manufacturers also
consider rope suspended from the top sheave as also part of the load
• As radius increases, crane capacity decreases
• Boom deflection increases radius and causes load to swing
• Effect of Quadrant: greatest when over the rear of carrier, least over
the side (All Terrain and Truck cranes)
• Longer boom length generally means reduced lifting capacity and
greater boom deflection.
• Two Blocking
• Personnel clear of lift area
66. Equipment Operation and
Limitations (continued)
• Dynamic Loading – Extra force when load is moving. Not
accounted for in the load chart.
• Control through use of tag lines and proper rigging.
• Plan lift to avoid sudden stops.
• Prohibit side loading of crane.
• Know and follow manufacturers recommendations for wind
speed.
• Boom Deflection – affects the positioning of the load.
The amount of deflection varies with boom angle and
length as well as load weight. Also, equipment with
lattice/cable supported booms has different deflection
characteristics than equipment with non-lattice booms
(hydraulic ram extensible booms).
67.
68. Deflection Hazard Relating to
Signaling
• The signal person intends to signal to the operator to hoist up,
since the load needs to be raised straight up. However, the signal
person uses the standard signal for booming up in the mistaken
belief that this signal is for hoisting up. A struck-by or crushed-by
incident could result because, when booming up, the load will
move laterally as well as vertically. A failure to understand what it
is that the crane needs to do to accomplish a task can also lead to
struck-by or crushed-by incidents.
• As a crane booms down, boom deflection tends to increase,
which has the effect of lowering the load more than if there were
no boom deflection. If the signal person is unfamiliar with this
boom characteristic, he or she may fail to signal in time for the
load to stop at the correct point or may cause the load to
descend too quickly.
69. Boom Deflection Control
• Needs to be discussed with the operator at the beginning of the job
• Determined by load weight and boom length
• Boom crane up prior to hoist signal
• Hoist up until rigging is tight and boom starts to deflect, then boom
up until load comes up or boom tip starts moving towards crane
• If obstructions above boom, boom down on load contact with ground
• Operators have to precisely adjust the boom elevation and winch
together to keep a load from drifting out when it is lifted off the
ground
• Modern cranes can automatically compensate for this. Lift Adjuster,
Load Com are names manufacturers use to describe this feature
72. Power Lines
• Identify Work Zone
Work Zone =
Marking boundaries
or
360 degrees around crane up to maximum working radius
• Determine if any part of the equipment, load line
or load could get closer that 20/50 feet to a power
line.
• 20 feet clearance for lines up to 350KV
• 50 feet clearance for lines up to 1000KV
• Over 1000KV minimum clearance determined by
the utility owner or qualified RPE
73. 73
Could you get within
20/50 feet of power
line?
YES NO
Option #1
Deenergize &
Ground
Encroachment
Prevention Measures
(Equipment Operations)
Option #3
Ask Utility for
Voltage and
Use Table A
(with minimum
clearance distance)
Option #2
20-foot
clearance
No further
action
• Planning meeting
• If tag lines used Non-conductive
• Elevated warning lines, barricade
or line of signs
•PLUS (Choose one):
• Proximity alarm, spotter, warning
device, range limiter, or insulating link
74. Training – Operator & Crew
• Electrocution from touching energized equipment
• Operator should remain inside the vehicle
• The safest means of evacuating equipment that
may be energized
• The danger of the potentially energized zone
around the equipment
• Limitations of an insulating link, proximity alarm
and range control device
• Proper grounding procedures
75. Minimum Clearance Distances
75
Table A – Minimum Clearance Distances
Voltage (nominal, kV,
alternating current)
Minimum clearance distance
(feet)
up to 50 10
over 50 to 200 15
over 200 to 350 20
over 350 to 500 25
over 500 to 750 35
over 750 to 1000 45
over 1000 (as established by the power line
owner/operator or registered
professional engineer who is a qualified
person with respect to electrical power
transmission and distribution)
76. Intentionally Working Closer Than Table
A Zone
76
Must Show:
• Staying outside zone
is infeasible
• Infeasible to
de-energize and
ground
1. Power line owner – sets minimum
approach distance
2. Planning meeting – minimum procedures
- Dedicated spotter
- Elevated warning line or barricade
- Insulating link/device
- Nonconductive rigging
- Range limiter (if equipped)
- Nonconductive tag line (if used)
- Barricades - 10 feet from equipment
- Limit access to essential workers
- Prohibit non-operator workers from
touching above insulating link
- Properly ground crane
- Deactivate automatic re-energizer
- Insulating line cover-up installed
All of the following are required:
77. CHAPTER 8
• CRANE STABILITY
• BOOM COLLAPSE CAUSES
• KEEPING CLEAR OF THE LOAD
78. Crane Stability
• Crane deck must be level and remain level during the lift. This is
determined at set up. Every degree out of level reduces the
capacities in the load chart by 25%.
• Outriggers set on firm, level supporting surface.
• Outriggers fully extended, or to manufacturer’s
recommendations.
• Tires of the crane, when set up, shall be clear of the ground and
must not be supporting any of the weight of the crane or the
capacities of “on rubber” applies.
• Radius and boom length is determined at set-up. The shorter the
radius and or boom, the greater the crane capacity.
• Load Loss - Need Safety Latches on Hooks.
• Synthetic sling padding to protect from abrasive or sharp surfaces
79. Boom Collapse Common
Causes
• Improper positioning of the crane
• Exceeding lifting capacity
• Soil too soft to support outriggers
• Load moved too quickly
• Oblique pulling of load
• Side loading
• Improper erection of crane
• Boom contact with structure
• Load contact with boom
80. Keeping clear of the load
• Where available, hoisting routes must minimize
exposure to employees.
• Keep out of areas where a load can swing
• Use tag line instead of your hands to control the load
• No worker in the fall zone, except for;
• Those hooking, unhooking or guiding a load
• Engaged in initial attachment of the load to a component or
structure
• Operating a concrete hopper
81. Keeping clear of the load (continued)
• Workers in the fall zone (area under the load) are
required to:
• Have load rigged by qualified rigger.
• Use hooks with self-closing latches or equivalent; exception
– “J” hooks permitted for wooden trusses
• During Tilt-up or tilt-down;
• No employees must be directly under the load
• Only essential workers in the fall zone (but not directly
under) – workers guiding load, those closely monitoring and
giving instructions regarding the loads movement, those
detaching or initially attaching to another component or
structure.
82. Signaling Guidelines for
Riggers• Load secure and properly balanced before signaling to lift.
• Verify that planned lift and swing paths are clear of personnel
and free of obstructions.
• Verify that the load is free to be lifted and clear of obstruction
before giving hoist signal.
• Verify that ropes are not twisted around each other before
giving hoist signal.
• Signal the operator to boom or swing until the hook is centered
over the load before hoisting.
• Do not direct load movement such that the crane, rope, or load
contacts any obstruction.
• Do not give load movement signals while personnel are on the
load or hook, unless in a personnel basket.
• Do not direct load movements over personnel.
• If the load must remain suspended, give the dog everything
signal.
83. Moving The Load
• The load is secured and properly balanced in the sling or lifting device
before it is lifted.
• The lift and swing paths are clear of obstructions and personnel.
• Before starting to lift, the following conditions will be verified.
• The load is free to be lifted.
• Multiple part lines are not twisted around each other in such a manner that
all of the lines will not separate upon application of the load.
• The hook is brought over the load in such a manner as to minimize
swinging.
• The correct slings have been selected for the weight to be lifted.
• During lifting, care will be taken that:
• Acceleration or deceleration of the moving load is accomplished in a smooth
manner.
• Load, boom, or other parts of the machine do not contact any obstruction.
84.
85. Test Time
• 50 question written test & practical test
• Knowledge and understanding of the type of signals
used.
• Be competent in the application of the signals used.
• Have a basic understanding of equipment operation and
limitations, including the crane dynamics, involved in
swinging and stopping loads and boom deflection from
hoisting loads.
• Understand the relevant requirements of OSHA
standard 29CFR 1926.1422 and 1428
Editor's Notes
Point to the trolly, the mecanisim that moves a load horizontally along the jib of a tower crane.
Lets take a look at the Appendix A Hand Signal Chart
The next group generally applies to mobile cranes: Use Main Hoist, Use Whipline, Boom Up, Boom Down, Boom Down and
Raise the Load, Boom Up and Lower the Load and Travel.
This set of signals applies to crawler cranes: Travel-Both Tracks and Travel-One Track.
Cranes with booms also have specific signals: Telescotelescoping pe Out, Telescope In, Telescope Out (One hand signal), and
Telescope In (One hand signal).
Two additional signals apply to tower cranes only: Tower Travel (Travelling tower cranes only, and Trolley Travel.
General Rules. Operator override – if crane operator has concerns regarding requested movement or needs to communicate with the signal person, crane movement shall stop until operator and SP have resolved issue.
Means pause. This signal can be used on potentially risky occasions such as when it has started raining, when the load doesn't fit the space for which it was planned, or when a bystander gets too close to the action.
Source: Slide extracted from OSHA Crane Standard. http://www.osha.gov/cranes-derricks/cranes_derricks9-30-10.ppt
When a crane picks a load, the boom often deflects downwards. This is called boom deflection. This can present two hazards. It
lowers the cranes lifting capacity by causing the load to be further from the crane. It can also cause the load to swing as it lifts
off.
Deflection cause load to kick out potentially causing crushing injury or property damage to structures or the crane itself.
Source: Slide taken from OSHA presentation: http://www.osha.gov/cranes-derricks/cranes_derricks9-30-10.ppt
Slide taken from OSHA presentation: cranes_derricks9-30-10.ppt
For lines over 350KV, where the distance 20 feet is specified, 50 feet is substituted.
For lines over 1000 KV, the utility owner/operator or RPE who is a qualified with electrical power transmission and distribution will establish the minimum clearance.
Source: Slide taken from OSHA presentation: http://www.osha.gov/cranes-derricks/cranes_derricks9-30-10.ppt
Proximity alarm set to give operator sufficient warning to prevent encroachment.
Dedicated spotter who is in continuous contact with operator with visual aid to assist in identifying the minimum clearance distance.
With option 3, the utility has 2 working days to provide requested information.
Operations below power lines prohibited unless employer confirms the utility owner had de-energized and at the worksite, visibly grounded the power line, or equipment with non-extendable booms at true vertical would be more than 20 feet below the plane of the power line or more than the Table A minimum clearances
Must assume power lines are energized unless utility owner/operator confirms it is deenergized and visibly grounded at the worksite.
Working near transmitter/communication towers where the equipment is close enough for an electrical charge to be induced in the equipmentTonySmo or materials being handled, the transmitter must be deenergized or the equipment must be grounded and tag lines if used must be non-conductive.
Slide taken from OSHA presentation: cranes_derricks9-30-10.ppt
Slide taken from OSHA presentation: cranes_derricks9-30-10.ppt