Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is a critical life-saving technique used in emergencies where breathing or heartbeat has ceased, aiming to maintain oxygenation of the brain and heart until advanced medical help can arrive. The procedure involves steps to ensure airway clearance, breathing, and circulation, performed by anyone with basic knowledge of CPR techniques. Immediate CPR can significantly increase the chances of survival in cardiac arrest situations.

1. CARDIO PULMONARY RESUSCITATION
(CPR)
DR. ANURAG MITTAL

2. WHAT, WHY AND HOW OF CPR
WHAT IS CPR? HOW IS IT DONE?
WHY IS IT DONE?

3. WHAT IS CPR?

4. CARDIO = HEART
PULMONARY = LUNGS
RESUSCITATE = REVIVE
Cardio pulmonary
resuscitation: reviving
the heart and lungs

5. INTRODUCTION
• CPR is a life saving technique useful in many
emergencies in which someone breathing or heart
beat has stopped.
• CPR is a technique of basic life support for
oxygenating the brain and heart until appropriate,
definitive medical treatment (Advance Cardiac Life
Support: ACLS) can restore normal heart and
ventilatory action.

6. • Immediate CPR can double or triple chances of
survival after cardiac arrest.
• In CPR, chest compressions and pulmonary ventilation
are performed by ANYONE who knows how to do it,
ANYWHERE, IMMEDIATELY, WITHOUT ANY OTHER
EQUIPMENT.

7. WHY IS IT DONE?

8. PURPOSE: ABC of CPR
• A: Airway
• To maintain an open and clear airway
• B: Breathing
• To maintain breathing by external ventilation
• C: Circulation
• To maintain blood circulation by external cardiac message
• To save life of the patient
• To provide basic life support till medical and advanced life
support arrives

9. WHEN TO PERFORM CPR?
• Cardiac arrest
• Respiratory arrest
• Accident
• Drowning
• Stroke
• Foreign body in throat
• Smoke inhalation
• Suffocation

10. PRINCIPLES OF CPR
•To restore effective circulation and ventilation.
•To prevent irreversible cerebral damage due to
anoxia.
•When the heart fails to maintain the cerebral
circulation for approximately 3-4 minutes the brain
may suffer irreversible damage

11. HOW IS IT DONE?

12. Steps of CPR: DR’S ABC
• D: DANGER. Approach safely
• R: RESPONSE. Check responses
• S: SHOUT for help
• A: AIRWAY. Open airway
• B: BREATHING. Check breathing
• Call 911 (local emergency number)
• C: CIRCULATION. 30 chest compressions AND 2 rescue
breaths

13. DANGER: APPROACH SAFELY
• Watch: Ensure there are no
dangers to yourself, other
bystanders or the casualty.
• Observe

14. CHECK RESPONSE
• Shake shoulders gently
• Ask “Are you all right?”

15. OPEN AIRWAY
• Head tilt and chin lift +
JAW THRUST
• While pushing back on
the forehead, use your
other hand to lift the chin
forward.

16. CHECK BREATHING
Look, listen and feel for normal breathing

17. CHEST COMPRESSIONS
• Place the heel of one hand in
the center of the chest.
• Place other hand on top.
• Interlock fingers.
• Compress the chest
• 100/minute
• Depth 4-5 cm
• Equal compression and
relaxation
• When possible change CPR
operater every 2 minutes

19. RESCUE BREATHS
• Pinch the nose
• Take a normal breath
• Place lips over mouth
• Blow until the chest rises
• Take about 1 second
• Allow chest to fall
• Repeat

21. BLS
Healthcare
Provider
Adult Cardiac
Arrest
Algorithm