Counseling involves a direct conversation between two people to help an employee improve performance rather than humiliate them. It outlines actions for subordinates to achieve goals and growth with a counselor's assistance. Counseling establishes a constructive relationship to openly discuss problems and determine causes of poor performance to identify improvements. Counselors can be internal or external to the organization. The counseling process involves discussing issues, developing plans, implementation, and follow-up to assess progress. It benefits those being counseled by allowing understanding of themselves and situations to find alternative solutions.