The document outlines the counseling process, emphasizing it as a professional relationship aimed at helping clients achieve their self-determined goals through mutual exploration and structured dialogue. It details the five stages of counseling: relationship building, assessment and diagnosis, goal setting, intervention and problem solving, and termination and follow-up, highlighting the importance of client participation throughout the process. Additionally, it underscores the need for counselors to avoid fostering dependency and ensure effective closure of the counseling relationship.

1. Counseling
Processes and
Methods
DISCIPLINES AND IDEAS IN THE APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCES Q1_WK 4
PAULYN P. BAJOS – Subject Teacher

2. Learning Competency
● The learners illustrate the
different processes and
methods involved in
undertaking counseling
(HUMSS_DIASS 12-Id-14)

3. Counseling
• is a “professional relationship designed to help
clients to reach their self-determined goals through
meaningful, well-informed choices and through
resolution of problems” (Burks and Steffire, 1979).
• It involves “mutual exploration of ideas, attitudes
and feelings between a counsellor and a client”
(Cooper. 1983).
• It is “facilitation rather than advice-giving” (Feltham
and Dryden, 1993).

4. Counseling offers a wide range of services to
individuals, groups, organizations, and communities. In
all the services, several processes are involved from
needs assessment to intervention or program designing
and a selection of an array of methods available to the
profession in dispensing the services appropriately. In
this lesson, you will explore the stages of the counseling
process and the different methods applied to
counseling.

5. Counseling
Process

6. Counseling process is a planned, structured
dialogue between a counselor and a client. It is a
cooperative process in which a trained professional
helps a person called the client to identify sources of
difficulties or concerns that he or she is experiencing.
Together, they develop ways to deal with and
overcome these problems so that the person acquired
new skills and increased understanding of themselves
and others. Counseling process includes the following
stages:

7. Step 1: Relationship Building
• This is considered as the heart of the counseling process
because it provides the force and foundation for the
counselling to succeed. Whatever the outcome of the
counseling will start here.
• This involves establishing rapport, promoting acceptance of
the client as a person with worth, establishing genuine
interaction, promoting direct mutual communication, helping
clients understand themselves, helping clients focus, and
slowly promoting counseling relevant communication from
the client.

8. Step 2: Assessment and Diagnosis
• This stage serves as the window for the counselors
to have a thorough appreciation of the client’s
condition.
• Assessment gives an idea to the counselor the
intensity of the problems and how the client is coping
with the problem.
• This involves the collection and classification of
relevant information about the client’s life situation
and reasons for seeking counseling.

9. • The information will help counselors formulate
hypotheses and can be used to initiate the
process for change for clients.
• However, as this stage entails diagnosis or
analysis of the root causes of the problem, it is
considered as the most crucial stage. The
data gathered in the diagnosis will be utilized
in the formulation of goals.

10. Step 3: Goal Setting
• Goal setting is important as it sets the
direction of the counseling process.
• In the client-counselor relationship, it
serves as the parameter of work for
intervention. Both client and counselor
have a better understanding with what is
to be accomplished.

11. • The participation of client in the setting of
goal would likely to motivate clients to work
toward achieving these goals, and learn how
to structure their lives toward achieving the
goals.
• Likewise, it will be easier for the counselor to
select and evaluate appropriate counseling
intervention. With these, goals should be
selected and defined with care.

12. Stage 4: Intervention and Problem
Solving
• There are different points of view
concerning what a good counselor
should do with clients depending on
the theoretical positions that the
counselor subscribes to.

13. • A person-centered approach
counselor would likely to place
emphasis on the relationship rather
than intervention;
• a behavioural approach attempts to
initiate activities that help clients
alter their behaviour.

14. However, the client's participation in
choosing intervention strategies has
more benefits. Cormier and Cormier
(1998) as cited by Tysul (2003)
guidelines which will motivate client
participation:

15. • a) Counselor has to provide a mapping of the
different approaches offered
• b) Describe the role mapping of the different
approaches offered
• c) Identify possible risks and benefits that
may come, and
• d) Estimate the time and cost of each
procedure

16. Stage 5: Termination and Follow-up
The essential goal of counseling is to
witness a client progress on his/her
own without the assistance of the
counselor. Counselors should always
be mindful of avoiding fostering
dependency.

17. Quintan and Holahan (1992) as cited by Tysul
(2003) identified components of termination:
1)Discussion of the end of counseling;
2)Review of the course of counseling;
3)Closure of the client-counselor relationship;
and,
4)Discussion of the client’s future and post-
counseling plan.

18. • Termination should be considered not
just at the end of a successful
relationship, but also is considered
when it seems counseling is not being
helpful.
• Counselors may refer the client to
another counselor or profession.

19. Common Approaches to
Counseling

25. THANK YOU!!!
Resources: DIASS Q1_WK4,
Division of Negros Occidental