The document discusses various types of corrosion including uniform corrosion, galvanic corrosion, pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion, intergranular corrosion, erosion corrosion, fretting corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen embrittlement, and dealloying. It also covers factors that influence corrosion, methods for preventing corrosion through design, materials selection, coatings, and inhibitors. Biocorrosion of implant materials and factors for biocompatibility are briefly covered as well.
Corrosion: Definition and significance of corrosion, mechanism of chemical (dry) and
electrochemical (wet) corrosion, galvanic corrosion, concentration corrosion and pitting
corrosion. Protection from corrosion; protective coatings-galvanization and tinning, cathodic
protection, sacrificial anode modifications in design.
Corrosion: Definition and significance of corrosion, mechanism of chemical (dry) and
electrochemical (wet) corrosion, galvanic corrosion, concentration corrosion and pitting
corrosion. Protection from corrosion; protective coatings-galvanization and tinning, cathodic
protection, sacrificial anode modifications in design.
This ppt explains basics of corrosion, its significance, Mechanism of electrochemical and chemical corrosion, Cathodic protection, Anodic protection, Sacrificial protection, Galvanization, Concentration Corrosion, Pitting Corrosion and also describe about the prevention and control of corrosion with respect to protective coatings and modification in design.
Electroplating, Phosphating, Powder Coating and Metal Finishing Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Electroplating, Phosphating, Powder Coating and Metal Finishing (Electroplating Plant, Copper Plating, Electroforming, Brass Plating, Silver Plating, Tin-Nickel Alloy Plating, Gold Plating (Gilding), Cadmium Plating, Zinc Plating)
Electroplating is a process that uses electric current to reduce dissolved metal cations so that they form a thin coherent metal coating on an electrode. The term is also used for electrical oxidation of anions onto a solid substrate, as in the formation silver chloride on silver wire to make silver/silver-chloride electrodes. Electroplating is primarily used to change the surface properties of an object (e.g. abrasion and wear resistance, corrosion protection, lubricity, aesthetic qualities, etc.), but may also be used to build up thickness on undersized parts or to form objects by electroforming.
See more
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Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
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Electroplating Plant, Automatic Equipment, Surface Coatings and Treatments, Electroplating and Coating Plants, Electroplating Plant Equipment, Powder Coating Plants, Powder Coating Equipments, How to Start Powder Coating Business, Powder Coating Business Plan, Business Plan on Powder Coating, Start Powder Coating Business, Start High Profit Powder Coating Business, Starting Metal Polishing Business, Electroplating Business, Gold Plating Business, How to Start Metal Plating Business, Starting Zinc Plating Business, How to Start Electroplating Business, How to Start Metal Finishing Business, Starting Metal Polishing Business, Metal Finishing Industry, Business Plans for Metal Finishing, Zinc Plating Process, Zinc Plating Plant, Electroplating Plant for Acid Zinc, Electroplating Plant Equipment, Fixed Sequence Automatic Plating Plant, Trojan and Gem Type Automatic Plant, Vulcan Lattice Arm Type Automatic Plant, Titan Type Automatic Plant, Digit Pivoted Arm Type Automatic Plant, Straight-Through Type Automatic Plant, Methods of Transporter Control, Microprocessor and Computer Control, Semi-Automatic Plating Plant, Barrel Planting Plant, Suitability of Articles for Barrel Plating, Glydo/Glydette Barrel Plating Equipment, Calculation of Work Loads, Manual Planting Plant, Single Station Barrel Plating Units, Modular Plant and Specialised Equipment for Electronics Industry, Electroplating Equipment, Welded Steel Tanks, Plastic Tanks Reinforced with Glass Fibre, Tank Lining Materials, Glass Fibre (GRP) Tanks, Treatment of Rubber Linings, Ilex Grade Plastic Lined Tanks, Galvanised Steel Coils, Lead and Lead Alloy Coils, Titanium Coils, Metal Cased Heaters, Teflon Immersion Heaters, Silica Cased Heaters
Video lecture is available on YouTube on the link:https://youtu.be/xrBnxxN-RUw
For UG students of All Engineering Branches, Chemistry, Food Science, Polymer Science, Chemical Engg. etc.
Wet or Electrochemical corrosion, Mechanism of electrochemical corrosion, Evolution of hydrogen and absorption of oxygen type cathodic reaction, Distinction between dry and wet corrosion.
14 Types of Corrosion explained in an awesome manner
Update 26 June 2019: I have enabled the Download option and now everyone can download the "Types of corrosions" PPT and reuse the slides :) I wish I have done this earlier.
Follow my blogs at https://www.geekdashboard.com/
This ppt explains basics of corrosion, its significance, Mechanism of electrochemical and chemical corrosion, Cathodic protection, Anodic protection, Sacrificial protection, Galvanization, Concentration Corrosion, Pitting Corrosion and also describe about the prevention and control of corrosion with respect to protective coatings and modification in design.
Electroplating, Phosphating, Powder Coating and Metal Finishing Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Electroplating, Phosphating, Powder Coating and Metal Finishing (Electroplating Plant, Copper Plating, Electroforming, Brass Plating, Silver Plating, Tin-Nickel Alloy Plating, Gold Plating (Gilding), Cadmium Plating, Zinc Plating)
Electroplating is a process that uses electric current to reduce dissolved metal cations so that they form a thin coherent metal coating on an electrode. The term is also used for electrical oxidation of anions onto a solid substrate, as in the formation silver chloride on silver wire to make silver/silver-chloride electrodes. Electroplating is primarily used to change the surface properties of an object (e.g. abrasion and wear resistance, corrosion protection, lubricity, aesthetic qualities, etc.), but may also be used to build up thickness on undersized parts or to form objects by electroforming.
See more
https://goo.gl/bKk1XU
https://goo.gl/5QasBV
https://goo.gl/sBmyLI
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Electroplating Plant, Automatic Equipment, Surface Coatings and Treatments, Electroplating and Coating Plants, Electroplating Plant Equipment, Powder Coating Plants, Powder Coating Equipments, How to Start Powder Coating Business, Powder Coating Business Plan, Business Plan on Powder Coating, Start Powder Coating Business, Start High Profit Powder Coating Business, Starting Metal Polishing Business, Electroplating Business, Gold Plating Business, How to Start Metal Plating Business, Starting Zinc Plating Business, How to Start Electroplating Business, How to Start Metal Finishing Business, Starting Metal Polishing Business, Metal Finishing Industry, Business Plans for Metal Finishing, Zinc Plating Process, Zinc Plating Plant, Electroplating Plant for Acid Zinc, Electroplating Plant Equipment, Fixed Sequence Automatic Plating Plant, Trojan and Gem Type Automatic Plant, Vulcan Lattice Arm Type Automatic Plant, Titan Type Automatic Plant, Digit Pivoted Arm Type Automatic Plant, Straight-Through Type Automatic Plant, Methods of Transporter Control, Microprocessor and Computer Control, Semi-Automatic Plating Plant, Barrel Planting Plant, Suitability of Articles for Barrel Plating, Glydo/Glydette Barrel Plating Equipment, Calculation of Work Loads, Manual Planting Plant, Single Station Barrel Plating Units, Modular Plant and Specialised Equipment for Electronics Industry, Electroplating Equipment, Welded Steel Tanks, Plastic Tanks Reinforced with Glass Fibre, Tank Lining Materials, Glass Fibre (GRP) Tanks, Treatment of Rubber Linings, Ilex Grade Plastic Lined Tanks, Galvanised Steel Coils, Lead and Lead Alloy Coils, Titanium Coils, Metal Cased Heaters, Teflon Immersion Heaters, Silica Cased Heaters
Video lecture is available on YouTube on the link:https://youtu.be/xrBnxxN-RUw
For UG students of All Engineering Branches, Chemistry, Food Science, Polymer Science, Chemical Engg. etc.
Wet or Electrochemical corrosion, Mechanism of electrochemical corrosion, Evolution of hydrogen and absorption of oxygen type cathodic reaction, Distinction between dry and wet corrosion.
14 Types of Corrosion explained in an awesome manner
Update 26 June 2019: I have enabled the Download option and now everyone can download the "Types of corrosions" PPT and reuse the slides :) I wish I have done this earlier.
Follow my blogs at https://www.geekdashboard.com/
Corrosion of Metals and Prevention of CorrosionHiba Hibs
about corrosion of metals like copper , iron , silver with diagrams and also methods to prevent corrosion like alloying , chrome plating , galvanization etc.
Brief introduction into some of the changes and updates to both the ISO 6892-1 and ASTM E8/8M tensile testing standards for metals and ambient temperature, importantly strain control.
For more information please visit www.instron.com
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It is the removal of one solid element from alloy by corrosion processes. Dealloying corrosion is also called
Dezincification
Selective Leaching
Parting
A presentation giving the basic principles of corrosion. Electrochemical nature of corrosion, anodic and cathodic reactions, electrode potentials, mixed potential theory and kinetics of corrosion, thermodynamics of corrosion and Pourbaix diagrams, and passivization behavior of metals are outlined.
UNDERSTANDING AND MITIGATING DOWNHOLE CORROSION AND WEAR FAILURES westernfalcontx
A discussion on different types of corrosion and wear (and their associated mechanisms) followed by an overview of commercially available mitigation techniques, including their practical downhole applications are the focal points of this paper.
Feeding plate for a newborn with Cleft Palate.pptxSatvikaPrasad
A feeding plate is a prosthetic device used for newborns with a cleft palate to assist in feeding and improve nutrition intake. From a prosthodontic perspective, this plate acts as a barrier between the oral and nasal cavities, facilitating effective sucking and swallowing by providing a more normal anatomical structure. It helps to prevent milk from entering the nasal passage, thereby reducing the risk of aspiration and enhancing the infant's ability to feed efficiently. The feeding plate also aids in the development of the oral muscles and can contribute to better growth and weight gain. Its custom fabrication and proper fitting by a prosthodontist are crucial for ensuring comfort and functionality, as well as for minimizing potential complications. Early intervention with a feeding plate can significantly improve the quality of life for both the infant and the parents.
Empowering ACOs: Leveraging Quality Management Tools for MIPS and BeyondHealth Catalyst
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Explore the groundbreaking work of Dr. David Greene, a pioneer in regenerative medicine, who is revolutionizing the field of cardiology through stem cell therapy in Arizona. This ppt delves into how Dr. Greene's innovative approach is providing non-surgical, effective treatments for heart disease, using the body's own cells to repair heart damage and improve patient outcomes. Learn about the science behind stem cell therapy, its benefits over traditional cardiac surgeries, and the promising future it holds for modern medicine. Join us as we uncover how Dr. Greene's commitment to stem cell research and therapy is setting new standards in healthcare and offering new hope to cardiac patients.
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Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
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CANSA has compiled a list of tips and guidelines of support:
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CANSA support - Caring for Cancer Patients' Caregivers
Corrosion
1. Corrosion
Definition:
• As per IUPAC,
• “Corrosion is an irreversible
interfacial reaction of a material
(metal, ceramic, polymer) with its
environment which results in its
consumption or dissolution into the
material of a component of the
environment. Often, but not
necessarily, corrosion results in
effects detrimental to the usage of
the material considered.
Exclusively physical or mechanical
processes such as melting and
evaporation, abrasion or mechanical
fracture are not included in the term
corrosion”
image
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2. Corrosion
Types of corrosion
• Corrosion can be classified
• Chemical and
electrochemical
• High temperature and low
temperature
• Wet corrosion and dry
corrosion.
Image
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3. Each form of corrosion has a specific arrangement of anodes and cathodes
and specific patterns and locations depending on the type can exist.
Types
• Uniform corrosion.
• Galvanic corrosion,
• concentration cells,
• water line attack
• Pitting.
• Dezincification
• Dealloying (selective leaching)
• Atmospheric corrosion
• Erosion corrosion
• Fretting Crevice corrosion
• cavitation
• Stress corrosion,
• intergranular and transgranular corrosion,
• hydrogen cracking and embrittlement
Corrosion fatigue.
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4. Corrosion
Crevice corrosion
• Crevice corrosion is a
localized attack on a metal
adjacent to the crevice between
two joining surfaces (two
metals or metal-nonmetal
crevices). The corrosion is
generally confined to one
localized area to one metal.
This type of corrosion can be
initiated by concentration
gradients (due to ions or
oxygen). Accumulation of
chlorides inside crevice will
aggravate damage
image
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5. Crevice corrosion
Factor affecting crevice corrosion
• Materials: alloy composition
• metallographic structure.
• Environmental conditions such as
pH, oxygen concentration
• Halide concentrations,
• temperature.
• Geometrical features of crevices
• surface roughness
• Metal to metal or metal to
nonmetal type.
• Filiform corrosion is a special
type of crevice corrosion
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6. Corrosion
Pittig corrosion
• Pitting corrosion is a localized
phenomenon confined to smaller areas.
Formation of micro-pits can be very
damaging. Pitting factor (ratio of deepest
pit to average penetration) can be used to
evaluate severity of pitting corrosion
which is usually observed in passive
metals and alloys.
image
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7. Uniform corrosion
Uniform corrosion
• Uniform corrosion is a very
common form found in
ferrous metals and alloys
that are not protected by
surface coating or inhibitors.
A uniform layer of „rust‟ on
the surface is formed when
exposed to corrosive
environments Atmospheric
corrosion is a typical
example of this type.
images
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8. Galvanic corrosion
• Galvanic corrosion often referred to
as dissimilar metal corrosion occurs
in galvanic couples where the active
one corrodes. EMF series
(thermodynamic) and galvanic series
(kinetic) could be used for prediction
of this type of corrosion. Galvanic
corrosion can occur in multiphase
alloys.
Images
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9. Corrosion
Intergranular corrosion
• Localised attack at or nearer to grain
boundaries in a metal or alloy can be
termed as intergranular corrosion.
Generally the following factors contribute
to intergranular corrosion.
• Impurities and precipitation at grain
boundaries. Depletion of an alloying
element (added to resist corrosion) in the
grainboundary area.
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10. Corrosion
Erosion corrosion:
• Erosion corrosion is the
deterioration of metals and alloys
due to relative movement between
surfaces and corrosive fluids.
Depending on the rate of this
movement, abrasion takes place.
This type of corrosion is
characterized by grooves and
surface patterns having
directionality. Typical examples
are
• Stainless alloy pump impeller,
Condenser tube walls.
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11. Corrosion
Fretting corrosion
• Corrosion occurring at contact regions
between materials under load subjected
to slip and vibration can be termed
Fretting. Such friction oxidation can
occur in engine and automotive parts.
Fretting is known to occur at bolted tie
plates on rails.
• Parameters promoting fretting include:
• Relative motion between two surfaces.
Interface under load.
• Both the above produce slip and
deformation of surfaces. Wear-
oxidation and oxidation-wear theories
are proposed to explain fretting
corrosion.
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12. Selective leaching (Dealloying) refers to selective dissolution of active metal
phase from an alloy in a corrosive environment.
Examples
• Brass containing copper and zinc.
Since zinc is anodic to copper,
selective dezincification occurs in
a corrosive medium, enriching the
cathodic copper in the matrix
(colour of brass turns red from
yellow).
• Graphitization of grey cast iron-
graphite being cathodic enhances
dissolution of iron in the matrix,
leaving behind a graphite
network.
image
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13. Examples
• Tin Bronzes in hot brine or steam-
Destannification.
• Precious metal alloys such as
gold containing copper or silver –
strong acids, sulfide environment
- preferential dissolution of
copper or silver.
• Cupro-nickel alloys in condenser
tubes-denickelisation
Image
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14. Erosion corrosion
• Erosion corrosion is the
deterioration of metals and
alloys due to relative
movement between surfaces
and corrosive fluids.
Depending on the rate of this
movement, abrasion takes
place. This type of corrosion
is characterized by grooves
and surface patterns having
directionality. Typical
examples are
• Stainless alloy pump impeller,
Condenser tube walls.
image
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15. • All equipment types
exposed to moving fluids
are prone to erosion
corrosion
image
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16. Prevention of corrosion
Approaches
• The choice of any one control
technique depends on
economics, safety aspects and
other technical considerations.
• Design
• Materials selection
• Protective coatings
• Inhibitors and environmental
alterations
• Corrosion allowances
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17. Proper design of equipment
• In the design of equipment,
fittings such as baffles, valves
and pumps to be considered
• Elimination of crevices
Complete drainage of liquids
• Easy to clean
• Facilitate easy access to
inspection and maintenance
• Avoid bimetal contacts –
Insulation of Joints.
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18. Coatings
• Barrier between corrosive
environment and metal.
• Coatings may serve as sacrificial
anodes (zinc on steels ) or release
substances that resist corrosion.
• Metal coatings - Silver, copper,
nickel, chromium, tin, lead on
steels (ensure pore - free,
uniform, adherent coating;
favorable anode / cathode ratio to
minimize galvanic attacks).
• coatings of – Zinc, aluminium,
cadmium on steels. (steel is
cathodic to plated metal).
• Coatings can be applied through hot
dipping, hot spraying, electroplating,
electroless plating, vapour deposition
and metal cladding.
• Aluminium, stainless steel, titanium,
platinum etc can be cladded on
various metallic substrate for
enhanced corrosion protection
(physical or chemical).
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19. Types of paint coatings
• Good adhesion, flexibility,
impact resistance and
protection from chemicals,
moisture, and atmospheric
conditions.
•
• Lacquer – synthetic resins (vinyl
chloride, acrylic, rubber).
• Latex (Acrylics and Vinyls)
• Oil-based and Epoxy coatings
(good bending, hard and flexible)
• Coal – tar – epoxy.
• Poly – urethanes, polyester and
vinyl ester (hard, brittle or
elastomeric).
• Organic zinc rich coatings (organic
barrier + galvanic Zn protection)
• Co-polymeric protective
coatings.(thermoplastic –
copolymer - aromatic coatings).
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20. Corrosion
Type
• Stress corrosion cracking)
• Corrosion fatigue
Prevention stratergies
• More resistant alloys.
Remove tensile stress,
control of environment
(elimination of chlorides
• Eliminate cyclic stress and
corrosive environment.
More rigid design to reduce
stresses due to
vibrations. Avoid stress
concentration in design.
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21. Type
• Hydrogen embrittlement
• Galvanic Corrosion
Prevention Stratergies
Choice of less – susceptible alloy
/ coatings. Avoid cathodic
protection (steels in acid
Environments)
Selection of metals / alloys closer
in galvanic series. Favorable
cathode to anode ratio.
Coating taking care not to
create smaller anodes with
larger cathodes, insulation of
dissimilar joints
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22. Type
• Crevice corrosion
• Erosion corrosion and
cavitation
Prevention strategies
• Proper design of junctions and joints
to minimize crevices. Welded joints
preferable to rivets and bolts. Pitting
and crevice corrosion are enhanced in
stagnant / slow flowing solution.
Provide drainages.
• Design to reduce velocity and
turbulence, avoid abrupt changes in
flow directions.
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23. Biocorrsion
• Biomaterials engineering deals
with scientific study of the
structure and properties of
biomaterials in relation to their
interaction with biological
systems. Biomaterials have to
interface with human
biological systems so as to
evaluate, augment or replace
any organ, tissue or function of
the body.
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24. • Body temp:37 C
• pH :7.4
• Chemical composition of
body fluids: contains water,
dissolved oxygen, sodium,
chloride, bicarbonate,
calcium, potassium,
magnesium, phosphate,
amino acids, proteins,
plasma, lymph, saliva and
various organic compounds
• Various biological molecules
influence the electrochemical
behavior of implant metals and
alloys. Anodic and cathodic
reactions are influenced by
adsorption and interaction of such
organic polymers. For example,
protein adsorption on implant
materials can interfere with
oxygen and hydrogen redox
reactions. Besides, bacteria
present in the human body can
also influence the corrosion
behavior of implant materials.
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25. Biocompatibility
A biocompatible (bio) material
should not disrupt normal body
function to any significant
level.
• Many factors such as size of implant,
material properties and surface-
chemical characteristics influence
biocompatibility.
• Long-term stability of metal implants
critical for patient health and survival.
• - Stents
• -Arthroplasty
• - Fracture fixation
• - Pacemakers
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26. Ideal implant materials should be
• Inert
• Nontoxic to body
• Corrosion resistant
• Inexpensive
• Strong
• Fatigue resistant
Biocorrosion can lead to
• Bone loss
• Structral deformity
• Osteolysis
• Metal accumulation in body
fluids (nickel, cobalt and
chromium) impart toxicity
(metal sensitization). Retrieval
of wear particle remnants from
the body fluids can help with
failure analysis and
development of newer implant
materials.
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