Copy-reading-headline-writing (training guide)

SCHOOL BASED JOURNALISM TRAINING/WORKSHOP SY 2022-2023
SARANGANI DIVISION
COPYREADING
BRYLL O. RGEIDOR
MT-I
ALABEL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

TYPES OF EDITING
COPYREADING – editing is done on the draft manuscript
(copy) before it is finalized and submitted to the printing
press
PROOFREADING – editing is done on the
blueprint/printout in the printing press before the
school paper is finally printed

Functions of the Copy Reader
1. Check facts
2. Correct errors in grammar, spelling, punctuation, usage,
organization and others.
3. Improve news value.
4. Write effective lead.
5. Cut or delete irrelevant materials.
6. Delete “editorializing materials” in a news.
7. Guard against libelous statement.
8. Write headlines and decide its typography.

Functions of the Copy Reader
9. Make copy simple and clear.
10. Make the copy conform with the newspaper
style sheets.
11. Give instructions to be typesetter regarding the
font type and font size to be used and the
number of columns and ems
12. Indicate corrections by using copyreading
marks.

The R-E-C-E-S-S Model for Editing
Read the copy completely before doing any editing, to get its
overall effect. Bear in mind the assignment. What purpose and
audience are being served?
Read the copy three (3) times: for familiarization; for content;
and for structure

Edit for Content:
A. Is the lead compelling and focused on the key point?
B. Is the material accurate, clear, fair, consistent, logical, tasteful,
thorough? Are sources named? Is information well-documented? Do
any legal, taste or ethical problems arise? Is something important
omitted?
C. If you find content problems, rank them in order and consider the
most important ones first.

Edit for Structure:
A. Inspect grammar, punctuation,
spelling, style and usage. Look at every
word critically. Say each word and
sentence "aloud" in your mind.
B. Guard against wordiness.

Signoff:
Re-read the story for final effect and
to make certain you haven't added
any errors. If the accuracy of
anything is in question, consult the
writer or take other appropriate
action.

iimmediatelyy
To delete letter(s)/punctuation at the
beginning or end of a word

Nap utol
Close up space symbol to delete space(s) within
a word

intermeediate
interm ediate
interm ediate
intermeediate

Intermeed-iate
To delete letter(s)/punctuation within a
word

O lumapit ka
Bridge over symbol to delete spaces between
words but leaving one space
O lumapit ka

Ang duling ba doble doble rin ang
sinusulat?
To delete word(s) or sentence(s)
I am Pepe. She is a girl. I am a boy.

It may be a profile of a person or a group -- an athlete, a performer,
a politician, or a community worker or a team, a choir or a political
organization. Or perhaps it’s an in-depth look at a social issue -- like
violence in Canadian schools or eating disorders among young women.
It could also be a story that gives the reader background on a topic
that’s in the news -- like a story that explains how land mines work and
the history of their use in war.
A feature story is usually longer than a news story -- but length is not
a requirement! What’s more important is the form the story takes.
The feature often explores several different points of views, even
when the story is about one particular person.
To delete several sentences/paragraph(s)

Caret (up or down) to insert letter(s), word(s), sentence,
punctuation
Parag may kulang dito.
n
She is one of my who forgot my birthday.
friends
Its impossible to tell the sun not to shine.
’

To insert space
Napakasikipnamandito.

To insert a period at the end of a sentence
Kailangang tuldukan ang isang pangungusap

To capitalize
As I was going to st. Ives, I met a man with seven
wives. How many are going to St. ives?
As I was going to St. Ives, I met a man with seven wives.
How many are going to St. Ives?

To change to lowercase (small letter)
GEneral Santos City has been named
most competitive mid-sized city.
General Santos City has been named
most competitive mid-sized city.

To change to small capital letters
Governor Dominguez told WHO representatives that
the provincial government is placing a premium on
childcare.
Governor Dominguez told WHO representatives that
the provincial government is placing a premium on
childcare.

To italicize
Frank Stockton wrote the short story, “Lady or
the Tiger?”
Frank Stockton wrote the short story, Lady or
the Tiger?
Frank Stockton wrote the short story, Lady or
the Tiger?

To change from italics to roman type
Jose Rizal is the eternal idol of Filipino
youth.
Jose Rizal is the eternal idol of Filipino
youth.

To change text to boldface
During the Spanish Regime, Noli Me
Tangere was the equivalent of the
novel, Da Vinci Code.
During the Spanish Regime, Noli Me
Tangere was the equivalent of the
novel, Da Vinci Code.

To change from boldface to lightface
Ang kapal ng mukha niya!
Ang kapal ng mukha niya!

To spell out
To abbreviate
To change to numerals/number in words
Capt. Captain
Binibining Bb.
9 nine

•dates, address: always in figures
•proper nouns: may be written in
figures/words
•beginning of sentence: always in
words
•events: 1st – 9th are allowed
EXCEPTIONS:

When no correction/editing is needed
Lola Baby Girl Lopez was voted Miss Friendship
in the ’06 Miss Senior Citizen pageant.
Tuwing magpapasko, nagkakaroling kami at ang
aming paboritong kantahin ay saylenay olinay,
oliskam, olisbray.

To undo copyreading error
Pres. Benigno Simeon C. Aquino III urged Congress to
speed up the passage of priority bills.
Pres. Benigno Simeon C. Aquino III urged Congress to
speed up the passage of priority bills.

To indent
The misspelling of Pres. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo’s name
as “Arrovo” in P100 bills may have been an honest
mistake, but the joke was on her, opposition lawmakers
said yesterday.
The misspelling of Pres. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo’s
name as “Arrovo” in P100 bills may have been an honest
mistake, but the joke was on her, opposition lawmakers
said yesterday.

The misspelling of Pres. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo’s name as “Arrovo”
in P100 bills may have been an honest mistake, but the joke was on her,
opposition lawmakers said yesterday. “I hope this is not deliberate,”
Rep. Rolex Suplico, of Iloilo province, said at a press conference of the
minority bloc in the House of Representatives.
To start a new paragraph
opposition lawmakers said yesterday.
“I hope this is not deliberate,” Rep. Rolex Suplico, of Iloilo province,
said at a press conference of the minority bloc in the House of
Representatives.

opposition lawmakers said yesterday. “I hope this is not deliberate,”
Rep. Rolex Suplico, of Iloilo province, said at a press conference of the
minority bloc in the House of Representatives.
opposition lawmakers said yesterday.
“I hope this is not deliberate,” Rep. Rolex Suplico, of Iloilo province,
said at a press conference of the minority bloc in the House of
Representatives.

To undo new paragraph
More than four centuries under western domination can do that to you.
I have 16 cousins. In a couple of years, there will just be five of us left in
the Philippines, the rest will have gone abroad in search of “greener
pastures.”
It’s not an anomaly; it’s a trend; the Filipino diaspora. Today, about eight
million Filipinos are scattered around the world.
More than four centuries under western domination can do that to you.
I have 16 cousins. In a couple of years, there will just be five of us left in
the Philippines, the rest will have gone abroad in search of “greener
pastures.” It’s not an anomaly; it’s a trend; the Filipino diaspora. Today,
about eight million Filipinos are scattered around the world.

MYSTERIOUS INCLINATION
Francisco, by his own admission, didn’t come from a family of artists. Why he
ended up as a cartoonist is a mystery even to him. "No, I was not part of an artistic
family," he says with a smile. "I came from a family of lawyers. Ako lang yung
nagkaroon ng ganitong path sa amin. Hindi ko alam kung saan nanggaling yung
inclination ko."
To center text
MYSTERIOUS INCLINATION
Francisco, by his own admission, didn’t come from a family of artists. Why he
ended up as a cartoonist is a mystery even to him. "No, I was not part of an artistic
family," he says with a smile. "I came from a family of lawyers. Ako lang yung
nagkaroon ng ganitong path sa amin. Hindi ko alam kung saan nanggaling yung
inclination ko."

To transpose letters/words
b e l e i v e
landing fish
b e l i e v e
fish landing

Romeo, my Romeo, wherefore art
thou, my Romeo?
Run-in copy symbol to delete space(s)
between words if one word is located in the
next line
To run-in text copy

To move/align/flush left
In a few years, I may take advantage of whatever opportunities that
come my way. But I will come home. A borderless world doesn’t
preclude the idea of a home. I’m a Filipino, and I’ll always be one. It
isn’t about geography; it isn’t about boundaries. It’s about giving
back to the country that shaped me.

To move/align/flush right

To move up
And that’s going to be more important to me than seeing
snow outside my window on a bright Christmas morning.
Mabuhay and thank you.

To move down

To be continued
Leaving sometimes isn’t a matter of choice. It’s coming back that is.
The Hobbits of the shire traveled all over Middle-Earth, but they chose
to come home, richer in every sense of the word. We call people like
these balikbayans or the “returnees” — those who followed their
dream, yet choose to return and share their mature talents and good
fortune.
English
Filipino
/ or more
/ or pa

End
Leaving sometimes isn’t a matter of choice. It’s coming back that is.
The Hobbits of the shire traveled all over Middle-Earth, but they chose
to come home, richer in every sense of the word. We call people like
these balikbayans or the “returnees” — those who followed their
dream, yet choose to return and share their mature talents and good
fortune.
30
30 or #

Direction: Copyread/edit the given sentences below. Use the guides and
symbols in copyreading. An example is given to you as your guide.
Sentences Copyread Edited
Example:
Kiamba national high school
1. Manny Wang is the Principal of the theschool.
2. there are eighty –three faculty and staff in the school.
3. Spj and sps are the 2 programs implemented in the school.
4. Every Monday of the week is the distribution and retrieval of
modules or las to the students of KNHS.
5. Due to the pandemic covid-19, face to face classes were restricted
in almost all parts of the Philippines. The pandemic covid-19
caused challenges in education sector in the Philippines.

Let’s Play
Department of Education Copyreading and Headline Writing
HEADLINE
WRITING

Let’s Play
OBJECTIVES
• Discuss headline writing
• Understand guidelines in writing headlines
• Write a headline from an edited copy

Let’s Play
HEADLINE
• An assemblage of words written in bigger,
bolder letters than the usual page text at the
beginning of the news
• Headlines are windows of the newspaper as
they serve as the quick source of information
for busy readers.

Let’s Play
FUNCTIONS OF HEADLINE
• to attract the readers
• to tell the story (in a summary)
• to index/grade the news (big type for important news;
small type for less important)

Let’s Play
QUALITIES OF A GOOD HEADLINE
1. It attracts the reader’s eye and directs its attention
to the story beneath it.
2. It is concisely constructed to save space. Articles
and other unnecessary words are omitted.
3. It must be positive and active.

Let’s Play
THINGS TO REMEMBER IN HEADLINES
1. The headline presents the news in a CAPSULE.
2. The headline must contain the most important, the most
intriguing, the most unusual fact of the story.
3. The headline must be so constructed as to catch the
reader’s attention and make him read the story.
4. The headline is based on the lead.
5. The headline makes use of special vocabulary which is
not suitable for ordinary communication situations.

Let’s Play
REGIONAL TRAINING OF TRAINERS ON CAMPUS JOURNALISM
GUIDELINES FOR WRITING HEADLINES
• First, read the story for general meaning.
• Clues to the headline are usually in the lead.
What happened?
Who did what?
How did it happen?
• Use the shortest words possible.
Examples:
cop – policeman up - increase
nab – arrest thief - robber

Let’s Play
Headline Vocabulary
accord - agreement dip - go down
allay - to calm Ex - former
anew - again grill - investigate
assail - to attack with arguments hit - attack
cite - mention; enumerate slay/kill -murdered
crown - championship hike - increase

Let’s Play
Headline Vocabulary
kin - family bare - reveal, expose
ratify - approve; confirm rift - disagreement
nab - arrest okay/ok - approve
sked - schedule foil - thwart, rejected
vow - pledge rule - decide
solon - lawmaker, representative

Let’s Play
Headline Vocabulary

Let’s Play
Headline Vocabulary
1. US hits Iraq’s nuclear test (attacks)
2. DepEd acts to nip tuition hike (to stop;increase)
3. Arroyo’s nod expected (approval)
4. Pimentel prods GMA to resign (urges)
5. 20 donors boost fund drive (increase)
6. Enrollment dips (decreases)
7. Faculty club beefed up (strengthened)

Let’s Play
• Use the historical present tense if the verb is in the
active voice.
Wrong: PH captured key Maute base in Marawi
Correct: PH captures key Maute base in Marawi
• Omit the helping verb if the verb is in the passive voice.
Only the past participle is retained.
Wrong: 2 were feared dead after electric post falls in QC
Correct: 2 feared dead after electric post falls in QC

Let’s Play
• Follow the S-V-O pattern.
- Subject-Verb-Object pattern (English)

Let’s Play
Subject + action verb +
object
Posibleng bagyo, binabantayan ng PAGASA
Isang low pressure area (LPA) na posibleng maging
bagyo ang tinututukan ngayon ng state weather bureau.
Huling namataan ng Philippine Atmospheric,
Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
(PAGASA) ang sama ng panahon sa 700 kilometro silangan
ng Hilagang Mindanao kaninang alas-4 ng umaga.
Posibleng bagyo, tinututukan ng state weather bureau

Let’s Play
A lawmaker recently filed a bill proposing a “no work, no pay”
policy for members of the House of Representatives who fail to attend
sessions.
Navotas Rep. Tobias “Toby” Tiangco proposed House Bill (HB) 412 otherwise
known as “An act providing for a ‘No work, No pay’ policy for members of Congress”
as he sought to encourage quorum in the 17thCongress. His bill states that “all
members of the Congress shall attend, participate and take part in the regular and
special sessions of the Congress.”
Subject + action verb +
object
Lawmaker files bill

Let’s Play
• Use the infinitive for future events.
Wrong: Dumaguete will host NSPC 2018
Correct: Dumaguete to host NSPC 2018
• Do not use a period at the end of the headline.
• Omit articles (a, an, the).
Wrong: A 4.1-magnitude quake hits Eastern Samar
Correct: 4.1-magnitude quake hits Eatern Samar

Let’s Play
• Use a comma instead of “and” in writing headlines.
Jinggoy walks, says Bong next
• Use semicolon to separate sentences.
Bolts crush Aces; Hotshots hold three-game slide
• Use punctuation marks sparingly.

Let’s Play
• Use single quotes (‘) in headlines instead of double quotes
(“).
‘Habal-habal’ ride of Orbos a wake-up call for Tugade
• Always give the source of a quote. To use direct quotation
as head, use any of the following forms:
a. Dash NCIP budget slash to hurt ‘lumad’ - Bukidnon gov
b. Colon Bukidnon gov: NCIP budget slash to hurt ‘lumad’
c. Narrative form NCIP budget slash to hurt ‘lumad,’ says Bukidnon gov

Let’s Play
• Use the down-style – only the first word and proper
nouns are capitalized, unless otherwise indicated.
PDEA seeks more drug rehab centers
• Use only widely known abbreviations.
DILG installs Yap as new governor of Southern Leyte

Let’s Play
• Don’t use names unless the person is well known, use
common nouns instead.
Wrong: Fernandez slain in Pangasinan gun battle
Correct: Suspected cop killer slain in Pangasinan gun battle

Let’s Play
• Use specific terms instead of generalities
Example: Cebu police rescue toddler from abuse
Better: Cebu police rescue toddler from cybersex

Let’s Play
• Just report the facts; do not editorialize.
Wrong: Amazing natural farm atop Underground River
Correct: Natural farm atop Underground River

Let’s Play
• Never use the word “may.” It denotes the uncertain
element of the story.
e.g. Jinggoy out on bail; Bong may be next
How about this?
Under federalism, Duterte may stay till 2025
A federalism advocate on Thursday raised the possibility of extending
President Duterte’s term to 2025 while the country adjusts to the shift to a federal
parliamentary government.

Let’s Play
Under federalism, Duterte may stay till 2025
Under federalism
Duterte may stay till 2025, says advocate

Let’s Play
• Use numbers only if important. Write numbers in
figures. B-billion and M-million
LRT group wants P7.5B from gov’t
10.5M adult Filipinos jobless in 2nd quarter
• The first line of two-line or three-line headline should
not end with a preposition, conjunction, articles or any
form of the verb to be, unless the preposition goes with
the verb, as in the word call up.

Let’s Play
RULES IN ACRONYM
1. Four-letter acronym and below, all letters should be
capitalized like WHO, UN, MILF
2. For more than four-letter acronym, only the first letter is
capitalized like in Asean, Unicef
3. For syllabic acronym, the first letter of each syllable of the
words should be capitalized like DepEd, GenSan,
SoCCSKSarGen
4. If the acronym lacks enough vowels, all the letters should
be capitalized like ILSNHSMD

Let’s Play
STEPS IN HEADLINE WRITING
• Make sure you understand what the story is about.
• Find the action verb and the most important noun, which tell what is
happening in the story.
• Sum up the story with key words; build this summary around the verb
you have chosen.
• Cast the summary in a sentence.
• Shorten the sentence by putting it in headline form.
• Once the first draft of the headline is written, find synonyms for key
words in the lead and begin substitution as necessary.

Let’s Play
DECK
• This is the number of lines your headline will have
Example:
Comelec to deal directly with telcos
(1 deck)
10 more cops wanted
for Maguindanao massacre
(2 decks)

Let’s Play
HEADLINE TERMS
• Columns
- Vertical strips of text.
- The thin white spaces between columns are
called gutters.

Let’s Play
HEADLINE TERMS
• Headline count
- Count or length in units of each line.
e.g. Jinggoy Estrada camp posts bail
Jinggoy, pinayagang magpyansa

Headline count
Capital Small
M,W – 2 units m,w- 1 ½ unit
I – ½ unit j,l,i,f,t – ½ unit
Others – 1 ½ unit others – 1 unit
Figures/Punctuations
All number figures from 1 to 9 (except 1) – 1 unit
Number 1- ½ unit
All space- 1 unit
All punctuation marks (except -, ?, $,%,peso sign) ½ unit
Dash, question mark, dollar, percent, peso sign- 1 unit

Let’s Play
Headline count- Count or length in units of each line.
e.g. J i n g g o y E s t r a d a c a m p p o s t s b a i l
1 ½ ½ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ½ 1 1 1 1 1 ½ 1 1 1 1 ½ 1
units = 30 ½
Capital Letters Small Letters
M,W – 2 units m,w- 1 ½ unit
I – ½ unit j,l,i,f,t – ½ unit
Other letters – 1 ½ unit other letters – 1 unit
Figures/Punctuations
All number figures from o to 9 (except 1) – 1 unit
Number 1- ½ unit
All spaces – 1 unit
All punctuation marks (except - ,?, $,%, peso sign)- ½ unit
Dash, question mark, dollar, percent and peso sign- 1 unit
UNIT COUNTS & HEADLINE SCHEDULE.docx

Count the units of the headline
Jinggoy, pinayagang magpyansa
1 ½ ½ 1 1 1 1 1 ½ 1 1 ½ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ½ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
units= 28 ½

Let’s Play
HEADLINE TERMS
•Headline Schedule
- Chart that allows one to translate a headline
order into a specific count. It tells how many
counts of a given point size can fit into a given
column width.
UNIT COUNTS & HEADLINE SCHEDULE.docx

Headline Schedule
Font Size 1 column 2 columns 3 columns 4 columns 5 columns 6 columns
18 points 16 units 33 units
24 points 13 units 27 units 40 units
30 points 10.5 units 21.5 units 32 units 43 units
36 points 9 units 18.5 units 28 units 38 units 47.5 units
42 points 7.5 units 15.5 units 23.5 units 32 units 40 units 48 units
48 points 13.5 units 20.5 units 28 units 35 units 42.5 units
54 points 12 units 18 units 24.5 units 30.5 units 37 units
60 points 16 units 21.5 units 27.5 units 33 units
72 14 units 18.5 units 23 units 28 units

Let’s Play
HEADLINE TERMS
• Headline Order
- Refers to request for a given size of headline.
- Three-number sequence that tells
1. how many columns a headline should cover,
2. what point size it should be, and
3. how many lines it should fill. Columns–Font Size–Lines
e.g. 5-54 ½ -1: five columns wide, 54-point type size, one
line).

Let’s Play
COPYREADING AND HEADLINE WRITING ACROSS
ARTICLES TYPES
• Read the whole article
• Analyze and identify the type of article
• Copyread considering the rules and mechanics of the type of
article
• For news with unconventional leads, consider the secondary lead
in writing the headline
• Headline (news articles), Title (editorial and feature articles)

Let’s Play
- Brian

Let’s Play
fl/ds down syle
Romeo,waters
Us up style
ROMEO,WATERS
Romeo,waters

Let’s Play
SLUG
Number of Column-Font size/Font Style-Deck
3col-20TNR-1

Let’s Play
SLUG LINE
SLUG 3-20TNRB-1
DATE 07/17/2019
AUTHOR M.Valdez
SOURCE Star Ngayon

Let’s Play
Main Head HAMMER (center)
Sub Head -Duterte signs RH Bill
DSPC 2018
_____________________________
Pd Kicker -__________
Pd main head-______________________

Let’s Play
Break a leg!
Thank you!!!

Copy-reading-headline-writing (training guide)

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