The document discusses the role and responsibilities of copy editors and proofreaders. It provides guidance on common errors to correct such as errors in fact, grammar, opinion in news, word usage, libelous content, and vulgar language. It also outlines copy editing symbols used to mark corrections, changes, subheadings and headlines. Instructions are given to copy editors on techniques like using a soft pencil, writing legibly, erasing marks to cancel corrections, and retyping copies with many changes. The roles of linotypists, typesetting machines and operators in introducing errors are also outlined. Proofreaders are tasked with catching errors from the copy reader or introduced during typesetting and printing.

2. COPY READING/
COPY EDITING
More Than Just Marks and Words
“Youcannotcorrectunlessyouknowthatthereissomethingwrong.”

3. COPY
FIXERS
Good copy fixers keep the spirit
and substance of the story. She/he
basically brightens and polishes the
article. He makes the story better by
organizing it better than when it was
submitted.

4. Common Errors to
Correct/Delete/Change/Rewrit
e
1) Errors in fact
2) Errors in grammar
3) Opinion in News
(editorializing)
4) Wrong use of adjectives
5) Libelous matter
6) Seditious/rebellious materials

5. Common Errors to
Correct/Delete/Change/Rewrit
e
7) Vulgar and indecent words
8) Contrary to good taste and to
law
9) Derogatory statements
10) Redundancy
11) Verbal deadwood

6. Common Errors to
Correct/Delete/Change/Rewrit
e
12) Errors in correct usage
13) Errors in structures
14) Errors in style
(Use of the style sheet,
stylebook, or style guide in
journalistic writing)

7. What The Copy
Reading
Symbols Cover
/ or lc # ¶ no ¶

8. SYMBOLS MEANING OUTCOME
“The Bionic
Woman”
Emphasize
quotes
“The Bionic
Woman”
Dr. Arthur Cruz
Jr.
.
Emphasize
period
Dr. Arthur Cruz
Jr.
said, “I must
go”.
,
Emphasize
comma
said, “I must
go”.
1. Punctuation
Marks

9. SYMBOLS MEANING EXAMPLE
in Nov. Spell out in November
Doctor
Arthur Cruz
Abbreviate Dr. Arthur
Cruz
twenty boys Use numeral 20 boys
2 girls were Spell out Two girls
were
2. Numbers and
Abbreviations

10. SYMBOLS MEANING EXAMPLE
Manila,
philippines
Capitalize MANILA,
Philippines
Reader’s Digest Change to
italics
Reader’s Digest
Test III Change to
boldface
Test III
3. Special Form of Type

11. SYMBOLS MEANING EXAMPLE
was not
untrue
Delete was true
meet on
Sunday
Bridge over meet Sunday
Fe Cruz
Principal
Transpose Principal Fe
Cruz
those boys Close up
space
Those boys
4. Letter and Word
Changes

12. SYMBOLS MEANING EXAMPLE
pamp let
Insert letter pamphlet
avail of
Insert word avail himself
of
Manila pAper
Lower case manila paper
judgement
Delete letter
within
judgment
4. Letter and Word
Changes
h
himself

13. SYMBOLS MEANING EXAMPLE
deveelop sskill
Delete letter
before/after
word
develop skill
Allright
wehave time
Insert space All right we
have time
considered
happy.
This is so
because
Run in copy considered happy.
This is so because
5. Letter and Word
Changes

14. SYMBOLS MEANING EXAMPLE
Paco, Manila
Today, he will
Indent for
paragraph
Paco, Manila
Today, he will
Spell as written Welfrido Cruz
more
Unfinished story need…………mo
re
30 or #
End of story Thank you so
much!
30
6. Others
Welfrido
Kruz

15. SYMBOLS MEANING EXAMPLE
]Elected prexy[ Centered
subhead
Elected prexy
No
But he said
No paragraph But he
said……
One boy came
Stay as is,
disregard
correction
One boy came
“ I did it ”, he
said.
Insert quotation
marks
“I did it,” he
said.
6. Others
stet

16. SYMBOLS FROM OTHER
SOURCES

17. SYMBOLS FROM OTHER
SOURCES

18. SYMBOLS FROM OTHER
SOURCES

19. SYMBOLS FROM OTHER
SOURCES

21. Instruction
to
Copyreader
s

22. Instruction to Copyreaders
1) Use a soft, black pencil.
2) Write your corrections,
changes, subheads, and
headlines so that they can be
read quickly and correctly.
3) Ring or encircle the slug line,
“More”, “30” and all other
instructions to the printer
called printer’s direction or

23. Instruction to Copyreaders
4) It is better to erase penciled
marks that you wish to cancel
than to cross them out.
5) If many changes are made, it is
better to retype. Then go over the
copy again for errors.
6) Turn out legible copy always.
Make it as neat as possible.

24. READING PROFS
More Than Just Marks and Words

25. Note:
After the copy has
been prepared and
copyread, it goes to
the linotypists or to
the computer

26. What to Proofread?
These are errors in grammar
and word omission that had
escaped the blue pencil of the
copy reader and which the
linotypist copied verbatim.
1) COPY
ERROR

27. What to Proofread?
These are errors made due to
faulty typesetting machines like
excessive transposition of letters,
blurred letters, poor letter
alignment, wrong font and high
or low slug.
2) MACHINE
ERRORS

28. What to Proofread?
These include the general
run of typographical errors.
Thus, need for speedy and
accurate proofreading.
3) OPERATOR’S
ERRORS

29. Romans 12:2
Do no conform any longer to the
pattern of his world, but be
transformed by the renewing of
your mind. Then you will be
able to test and approved what
God’s will is—his good,

30. The writer whose work cannot be
improved