2. WHAT IS IT?
• The term contraception refers to all measures,
temporary or permanent, designed to prevent
pregnancy due to the coital act.
• It can also be defined as the process of using
medical products to prevent unwanted
pregnancy.
3. Need for contraception
• To avoid unwanted pregnancy
• To regulate the timing of pregnancy
• To regulate the interval between pregnancies.
4. Ideal Contraceptive
• Safe
• Effective
• Acceptable
• Reversible
• Inexpensive
• Long lasting
• Requires little or no medical supervision
5. Methods of contraception
1. SPACING METHODS
• Natura
• Barrier
• IUDs
• Emergency contraception
2. TERMINAL METHODS
• Male sterilisation
• Female sterilisation
7. Barrier Methods
• Mechanical
Male: Condom
Female: Condom, Diaphragm, Cervical cap
• Chemical
Creams-Deleen
Jelly-Koromex, Volpar paste
Combination
Combined use of Chemical and Mechanical
methods.
8. Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices
1.Cu T200
• T-shaped device Polyethylen frame.
• 215mm^2 of Cu wire
• Contains 124mg of Cu
• Cu is lost at the rate of 50ug/day
• Lifetime of about 5 years
9. Cu 380A
• 380mm square surface area of copper wire
• Replacement 10 years
Multiload Cu 250
• 60-100 ug/day
• Replacement 3 years to 5 years
10. Levonorgestrel IUS (LNG-IUS)
• Polydimethylsiloxane membrane around stem
• Levonorgestrel 52 mg
• 20 ug/day
• Replacement 5 years (7 years other
literatures)
11. MODE OF ACTION
• Biochemical and histological changes in
endometrium
• Increased tubal motility
• Endometrial inflammatory response
• Prevents implantation
12. Contraindications for insertion of IUCD
• Presence of pelvic infection
• Genital tract bleeding
• Suspected pregnancy
• Uterine fibroids
• Severe dysmenorrhea
• Ectopic pregnancy history
• Cu allergy
13. TIME OF ISERTION
• Interval
2-3 days after menstrual pghase
during lactational amenorrhea
• Postabortal
Done immediately following termination of
pregnancy
• Postpartum
After 6 weeks of delivery
15. Indications for removal of IUD
• Persistent excessive uterine bleeding
• Flaring up of uterus
• Expulsion of IUD
• Pregnancy with device in situ
• Missing threads
• One year after menopause
• Women desiring issue
19. Combined Oral Contraceptives
• Mode of action
1. Inhibition of ovulation
2. Producing static endometrial hypoplasia
3. Alteration of cervical mucus
4. Alters tubal motility
20. Progestin only Contraceptives
• Contains very low dose of progestin in the
form of Levonorgestrel 75ug.
Mechanism of action
1. Thicker cervical mucous
2. Atrophic endometrium
25. vesectomy
• A segment of vas deference of both sides are
resected and both the ends are ligated.
Methods:
• Non-scalpal vesectomy
• Electrocoagulation
• Fascial interposition
Precaution
• The man does not become sterilised sson after
the operation. Hence, additional contraceptive is
advised upto a period of 3 months.
