The document discusses various methods for continuous vulcanization of rubber, including steam curing, fluidized bed curing, liquid curing medium/molten salt baths, pressurized liquid curing, microwave curing, and dielectric heating. It provides details on the equipment and processes used for each method and compares the advantages and disadvantages of microwave curing versus liquid curing medium processes. Continuous vulcanization allows rubber products to be efficiently cured as they are continuously extruded.
Electrical fuse power point presentation prasantakcs
about electrical fuse powerpoint presentation , described in very short way.., pictures and informations are taken from internet , electrical4u.com is the best website for electrical engineers.. of you have any questions about this presentation, you may comment below..
This presentation provides an introduction into the basics of heat treating, primarily steel alloys. Heat treat processes for strengthening steel, or through hardening, using quench and temper, martempering, and austempering will be introduced and explained using the iron-carbon phase diagram and time-temperature-transformation diagrams to help understand the transformations occurring.
Precipitation hardening techniques will be introduced, which apply to one group of stainless steels, aluminum alloys and high performance materials. Common surface hardening techniques such as case hardening and carburizing will also be discussed. Various processes for reducing strength, or softening steel, will be presented. Preheat and post-heat treatments applied during welding will also be briefly discussed.
Fullerenes Synthesis Using Fabricated Arc Discharge System with Relatively La...iosrjce
Arc discharge technique is still one of the popular techniques for producing fullerenes. This work
describes an arc discharge installation with a chamber size of 140 mm diameter and 500 mm length that is able
to produce fullerenes. Fullerenes solid was extracted from carbon soot collected from the arc discharge system
at various experimental conditions of discharge current and chamber pressure using the solvent extraction
technique. Fullerenes yield of up to 6 to 8 % was extracted from the fabricated discharge system which was
higher when compared to the 3-4 % yield produced by an arc discharge system of 100 mm diameter and 200
mm length. The fabricated discharge system gave the best fullerenes percentage yield of 8 % at arc current of
150 A and 100 Torr of chamber pressure. Increase in inert atmosphere from 100 to 200 Torr on the amount of
carbon soot vapourization but inhibited the percentage fullerenes yield from 8 to 6 %. Scanning Electron
Microscopy (SEM) and Ultraviolet Visible (UV-Vis) Spectroscopy analysis carried out on all fullerenes solid
extracted revealed the presence of fullerenes. The fabricated arc discharge system suggests that large chamber
size could promote the formation the synthesis of fullerenes.
Electrical fuse power point presentation prasantakcs
about electrical fuse powerpoint presentation , described in very short way.., pictures and informations are taken from internet , electrical4u.com is the best website for electrical engineers.. of you have any questions about this presentation, you may comment below..
This presentation provides an introduction into the basics of heat treating, primarily steel alloys. Heat treat processes for strengthening steel, or through hardening, using quench and temper, martempering, and austempering will be introduced and explained using the iron-carbon phase diagram and time-temperature-transformation diagrams to help understand the transformations occurring.
Precipitation hardening techniques will be introduced, which apply to one group of stainless steels, aluminum alloys and high performance materials. Common surface hardening techniques such as case hardening and carburizing will also be discussed. Various processes for reducing strength, or softening steel, will be presented. Preheat and post-heat treatments applied during welding will also be briefly discussed.
Fullerenes Synthesis Using Fabricated Arc Discharge System with Relatively La...iosrjce
Arc discharge technique is still one of the popular techniques for producing fullerenes. This work
describes an arc discharge installation with a chamber size of 140 mm diameter and 500 mm length that is able
to produce fullerenes. Fullerenes solid was extracted from carbon soot collected from the arc discharge system
at various experimental conditions of discharge current and chamber pressure using the solvent extraction
technique. Fullerenes yield of up to 6 to 8 % was extracted from the fabricated discharge system which was
higher when compared to the 3-4 % yield produced by an arc discharge system of 100 mm diameter and 200
mm length. The fabricated discharge system gave the best fullerenes percentage yield of 8 % at arc current of
150 A and 100 Torr of chamber pressure. Increase in inert atmosphere from 100 to 200 Torr on the amount of
carbon soot vapourization but inhibited the percentage fullerenes yield from 8 to 6 %. Scanning Electron
Microscopy (SEM) and Ultraviolet Visible (UV-Vis) Spectroscopy analysis carried out on all fullerenes solid
extracted revealed the presence of fullerenes. The fabricated arc discharge system suggests that large chamber
size could promote the formation the synthesis of fullerenes.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
2. PRIYABRATA GHOSH, IRI, KOLKATA
CONTINOUS VULCANISATION…………
1. STEAM CURING :
METHOD OF OPEN STEAM CURING IS USED IN PRODUCTION OF
INSULATED CABLE AND WIRE. IT CONSISTS OF JACKETTED TUBES
WHICH OPERATE UNDER INTERNAL STEAM PRESSURE UPWARD
OF 200 P.S.I.
IN OPERATING A CLOSED CHAMBER STEAM VULCANISER, THE
CURING CYCLE CONSISTS OF A RISE TO THE PREDETERMINED
PRESSURE, A DEFINITE PERIOD AT THAT PRESSURE AND A BLOW
DOWN TO ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE. TOO SLOW RISE OR
PRESSURE FLUCTUATION MAY CAUSE POROSITY ETC.
IN CONTINOUS VULCANISATION PROCESS, THE EXTRUDED WIRE
OR CABLE COVERING GOES DIRECTLY FROM THE TUBE INTO THE
STEAM AT CURING PRESSURE AND PASSES THROUGH A WATER OR
CONDENSATION SEAL PRIOR TO EMERGING FROM THE TUBE AT
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE.
P-1 …………CONTD……..
3. PRIYABRATA GHOSH, IRI, KOLKATA
CONTINOUS VULCANISATION…………
2. FLUIDISED BED 1. STEEL TANK
2. POROUS CERAMIC
TILES
3. ELECTRICAL
HEATING
ELEMENT
4. GAS INLET PIPE
5. INLET FOR STEAM,
AIR & INERT GAS.
6. DRAIN VALVE
7. TANK FILLED
WITH GLASS
BEADS
8. EXTRUDER HEAD
9. HAUL-OFF
10. EXTRUDATE
11. EXHAUST SYSTEM.
P-2
4. PRIYABRATA GHOSH, IRI, KOLKATA
CONTINOUS VULCANISATION…………
THE SYSTEM CONSISTS OF A METAL TROUGH INSIDE WHICH
IS LAID A FLOOR OF POROUS CERAMIC TILES. JUST ABOVE
THE TILE HEATING ELEMENTS (e.g., 52 KW FOR A 42’ BED)
ARE MOUNTED WHICH IS COVERED TO A DEPTH OF ABOUT
4” BY SPHERICAL GLASS BEADS (0.1 – 0.2mm dia).
AIR IS PASSED UPWARDS THROUGH THE MASS OF
REFLFECTIVE GLASS BEADS AT A VELOCITY IN ORDER TO
SUSPEND THE GLASS BEADS; - THUS GIVING A FLUIDISED
STATE.
THE RUBBER EXTRUDATE IS THEN PASSED THROUGH THE
FLUIDISED BED BEING PRACTICALLY IMMERSED AND
CONTINUALLY SPRAYED BY THE BOILING ACTION OF THE
GLASS BEADS. THE LENGTH OF THE UNIT DEPENDS UPON
THE SPEED OF VULCANISATION, AREA AVAILABLE AND THE
TYPE OF PRODUCT TO BE CURED.
P-3 ………CONTD…………
5. PRIYABRATA GHOSH, IRI, KOLKATA
CONTINOUS VULCANISATION…………
EXAMPLE :-
AN UNIT OF 42’ LONG IS MOST COMMON FOR POLYCHLOROPRENE
CELLULAR EXTRUDATES. OUTPUT IS 42’/MIN., i.e., CURING TIME IS 1
MIN. AT A TEMPERATURE OF 2250C. (UPTO 2400C TEMPERATURE CAN BE
MAINTAINED).
THIS PROCESS IS EXCEPTIONALLY GOOD FOR MANUFACTURE OF
CELLULAR PROFILES DUE TO ABSENCE OF DEFORMING STRESSES.
CERTAIN POLYMERS OXIDISE AT THE HIGH CURING TEMPERATURE IN
CONJUNCTION WITH THE HOT AIR USED IN THE BED.
POROSITY :-
DUE TO ABSENCE OF PRESSURE DURING CURE, THE ENTRAPPED AIR,
REMAINING IN THE EXTRUDATES, EXPANDS WHILE CURING AND
CAUSES CONSIDERABLE POROSITY AND DIMENTIONAL INSTABILITY,
LOW STRENGTH PROPERTIES AND POOR APPEARANCE.
SO, FOR CONTINUOUS VULCANISATION, VENTED EXTRUDER WAS
DEVELOPED. THIS INVOLVES APPLYING A VACUUM TO THE HOT
(ABOVE 900C) COMPOUND TO ELIMINATE ENTRAPPED AIR, MOISTURE
AND VOLATILE MATTERS. VENTED OR VACUUM EXTRUDER CONSISTS
OF A WARMING-UP ZONE, A DEGASSING ZONE AND A COMPACTING
ZONE. GREAT CARE SHOULD BE TAKEN IN CONTROLLING THE
TEMPERATURES OF THE ZONES ALONG THE BARREL.
P-4 ………..CONTD………
6. PRIYABRATA GHOSH, IRI, KOLKATA
CONTINOUS VULCANISATION…………
3. L.C.M. (LIQUID CURING MEDIUM) OR MOLTEN SALT BATH :
A STAINLESS STEEL OR MILD STEEL TANK (30 – 40’ LONG)
CONTAINS THE SALTS. IT IS HEATED UNIFORMLY BY MEANS
OF INFRA-RED HEATERS (72 KW FOR 40’ TANK) AND TEMP. IS
CONTROLLED ACCURATELY BETWEEN 200 – 3000C.
THE UNIT IS FITTED WITH ONE OR TWO STAINLESS STEEL
BELTS DEPENDING ON THE UNIT’S LENGTH WHICH
TRANSPORTS THE EXTRUDATE THROUGH THE MOTEN SALTS.
UNDER SUDDEN STOPPAGE (DUE TO POWER FAILURE OR
MECHANICAL FAULTS ETC.) THE BELTS AUTOMATICALLY LIFT
THE PRODUCT CLEAR OF THE SALTS.
THE COMPOSITION OF SALTS IS :-
POTTASIUM NITRATE – 53%
SODIUM NITRITE – 40%
SODIUM NITRATE – 7%
IT HAS MELTING POINT OF 1420C AND DENSITY OF 1.9 AT
2000C.
P-5 …………..CONTD…………
7. PRIYABRATA GHOSH, IRI, KOLKATA
CONTINUOUS VULCANISATION…………
ON LEAVING THE BATH, THE EXTRUDATE IS COATED WITH A FINE
LAYEROF MOLTEN SALT. THIS IS REMOVED IN A HOT WASH. AT THE
END OF THE LINE, THERE IS A HAUL-OFF WHICH CONTROLS THE
SPEED OF THE EXTRUDATE.
THE OXIDISING NATURE OF THE SALTS REPRESENTS A SEREOUS
FIRE HAZARD. ANOTHER DISADVANTAGE IS THE UNNECESSARY
REMOVAL OF SALT BY WASHING IN HOT WATER AFTER CURING.
OPERATING HAZARDS :- EXTREMELY SOPHISTICATED FIRE
EXTINGUISHING APPARATUS HAS TO BE FITTED TO THE SALT BATH
UNIT TO ELIMINATE RELEASED ISOTHIOCYANATE FUMES BY
EXTRACTION PROCESS, WHICH CAUSE SEVERE IRRITATION TO THE
EYES OF THE OPERATORS. ALSO, EXTRUDATES WHICH HAVE BEEN
VULCANISED ARE PLACED IN A WELL VENTILATED ROOM FOR AT
LEAST 24 HRS.
P-6 ………..CONTD……….
8. PRESSURISED LIQUID CONTINUOUS VULCANISATION (PLCV)
THIS PROCESS IS SAME AS LCM , BUT THIS IS UNDER PRESSURE OF ABOUT
2 atmosphere. (1 atmosphere = 1 bar = 1.0133 x 105 Pascal = 0.103 MPa)
THIS METHOD IS ONLY USED FOR MANUFACTURING CABLES .
PRESSURISATION HELPS TO REMOVE / REDUCE THE POROSITY AND
UNIFORMITY OF THE PRODUCT.
P-7
9. PRIYABRATA GHOSH, IRI, KOLKATA
CONTINUOUS VULCANISATION…………
4. MICROWAVE CURING :-
THIS IS BASED ON HIGH FREQUENCY HEATING OF RUBBER. THE
SYSTEM CONSISTS OF A VULCANISING TUNNEL THROUGH WHICH
A GLASS FIBRE BELT RUNS. THE MAGNETRONS ARE MOUNTED
WITH THE SUPPORT FRAME. A WEDGE GUIDE CENTERING
SYSTEM IS ALSO FIXED TO ENSURE THAT THE PROFILE TRAVELS
IN THE CENTRE OF THE ELECTRICAL FIELD. THE LENGTH OF
THE TUNNEL AND MAGNETRON SIZE CONTROL THE HEAT
INPUT.
DUE TO THE NATURE OF MICROWAVE HEATING WHICH HEATS
FROM THE INSIDE OUTWARDS, THE THINNER SECTIONS OF THE
CROSS-SECTION EXTRUDATES REMAINS UNDERCURE/UNCURE.
SO, IT IS NECESSARY TO USE SUPPLIMENTARY HEATING IN THE
FORM OF HOT AIR OR INFRA-RED AT THE END OF THE UNIT TO
ENSURE COMPLETE VULCANISATION.
THE PROCESS IS COMPLETELY CLEAN, NO PREHEATING IS
NEEDED AND THICKER SECTIONS CAN BE CURED FASTER. THE
SYSTEM IS BEST USED FOR THE POLAR MATERIALS. NON-POLAR
MATERIALS HAVE TO BE COMPOUNDED VERY CAREFULLY.
P-8 ………….CONTD…………
10. PRIYABRATA GHOSH, IRI, KOLKATA
CONTINUOUS VULCANISATION…………
THEORY OF MICROWAVE HEATING :- THE RUBBER IS
HEATED BY PLACING IT IN A ELECTROMAGNETIC ALTERNATING FIELD.
POLAR MOLECULES IN THE COMPOUND ARE EXITED. THE RATE OF
HEATING IS DEPENDENT ON THE DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF THE
COMPOUND AND THE FREQUENCY OF THE ALTERNATING FIELD. IN
MICROWAVE HEATING, THE FREQUENCY IS 2450 Mc/SEC. USUALLY USED;
WHEREIN DIELECTRIC HEATING 300 – 1000 Mc/SEC. IS USED.
DIELECTRIC HEATING :- IN DIELECTRIC HEATING, ENERGY IS
APPLIED TO A PREFORMED BLANK OF RUBBER COMPOUND BY PLACING IT
IN BETWEEN TWO PLATES OF ELECTRODES. 13000 VOLTS ACROSS THE
ELECTRODES IS APPLIED. MORE POLAR THE COMPOUND, FASTER IS THE
HEATING.
POWER (KILOWATT) = 4.2 X K X W X T X SH
HEATING TIME IN SEC.
WHERE, K = CONSTANT, DEPENDS ON DIELECTRIC
PROPERTIES OF THE COMPOUND.
W = WEIGHT OF THE COMPOUND IN Kg.
T = TEMPERATURE RISE.
SH = SPECIFIC HEAT OF THE COMPOUND.
P-9
11. PRIYABRATA GHOSH, IRI, KOLKATA
CONTINUOUS VULCANISATION…………
COMPARISION OF MICROWAVE AND L.C.M. METHODS
MICROWAVE L.C.M.
COMPOUND MUST BE SUFFICIENTLY
POLAR.
CUSTOMERY MIXES WILL DO . BUT FASTER
CURING AGENTS SHOULD BE ADDED.
RELATIVELY THICKER SECTIONS ARE
CURED FASTER AND MORE UNIFORMLY,
BECAUSE HEAT IS GENERATED INSIDE THE
MATERIAL.
COMPARATIVELY SLOWER; NARROW
STRIPS AND THIN HOSES ARE CURED
QUICKER.
INTRICATED SHAPES ARE NOT DISTROTED
AS LONG AS ENERGY IS ABSORBED.
MAY DEFORM COMPLICATED SHAPED
PRODUCTS WITH FEED BELTS AND IN
CONTACT WITH FLUID (BUOYANCY
EFFECT)
CLEAN PROCEEDS AS WELLAS SURFACE OF
THE PRODUCT.
CONTAMINATION ON THE PRODUCT; SALTS
ARE WASHED OFF. INTRICATED SHAPES
MAY TRAP CONTAMINATION.
POWER EFFICIENCY IS BETTER. (ALL
ENERGY GOES IN THE PRODUCT)
HEAT LOSSES BY RADIATION;
VENTILATION SYSTEM IS REQUIRED.
NO FIRE PRECAUTIONS ARE NEEDED. THE OXIDISING NATURE OF SALTS
REPRESENTS A SERIOUS FIRE HAZARD.
NO LOSS EXCEPT ENERGY. REMOVAL OF EXCESS SALT BY WASHING IN
HOT WATER AFTER VULCANISATION.
END