Content and pedalogical analysis for B.ED students

1. Submitted To : Mrs. Ravdeep kaur
Submitted By : Pooja Yadav
B.Ed (previous)
16236

2. Content Analysis
 It is a research tool or technique that help to analyze
the actual content and it is used to determine the
presence of certain words, concepts, theme, phrases,
characters, or sentences within texts or sets of texts
and to quantify this presence in an objective manner.
 By systematically evaluating texts qualitative data can
be converted into quantitative data.

3. Why do a content analysis?
 You have to know what you have before you start doing
something with it.
 To better serve your customers.

4. How conduct a content analysis?
 To conduct a content analysis on a text, the text is coded, or
broken down , into manageable categories on a variety of
levels i.e. word, phrase, sentence and then examined using
one of content analysis basic methods .
1. Conceptual analysis
2. Relational analysis

5. The Process of a Content Analysis
 According to Dr. Klaus Krippendorff, six questions
must be addressed in every content analysis:
1. Which data are analyzed?
2. How are they defined?
3. What is the population from which they are drawn?
4. What is the content relative to which the data are
analyzed?
5. What are the boundaries of the analysis?
6. What is the target of the inferences?

6. Steps of content analysis
1) Copy and read through the transcript - make brief notes in
the margin when interesting or relevant information is
found
2) Go through the notes made in the margins and list the
different types of information found
3) Read through the list and categorize each item in a way
that offers a description of what it is about
4) Identify whether or not the categories can be linked any
way and list them as major categories (or themes) and / or
minor categories (or themes)
5) Compare and contrast the various major and minor
categories

7. Cont….
6) If there is more than one transcript, repeat the first five
stages again for each transcript
7) When you have done the above with all of the transcripts,
collect all of the categories or themes and examine each in
detail and consider if it fits and its relevance
8) Once all the transcript data is categorized into minor and
major categories/themes, review in order to ensure that
the information is categorized as it should be.
9) Review all of the categories and ascertain whether some
categories can be merged or if some need to them be sub-
categorized
10) Return to the original transcripts and ensure that all the
information that needs to be categorized has been done
successfully.

8. Pedagogical Analysis
 INTRODUCTION : The word ‘Pedagogy’ comes from
the Greek word “paidagogos” in which ‘paida’ means
“child” and ‘agog’ means “lead” literally translated “to
lead the child”
 Pedagogy is the science and art of education
specifically instructional theory. It is a master plan
that includes a detailed analysis of what is to be done
by a teacher .

9. Pedagogy
Science of teaching
The ways and means provided to utilize by a teacher for managing his
task of teaching as smoothly and effectively as possible by involving his
least efforts for drawing the maximum possible better teaching
outcomes

10.  Analysis is a process of breaking or separating a thing
into its smaller parts, elements or constituents.
 We can break the contents of the course in a subject
into its various constituents – major and minor
sections, sub-sections, units and sub-units, major
concepts and minor concepts, topics etc. by carrying
out a process of content analysis.
 “The analysis of a given content material in any subject
any topic carried out well in the spirit of science of
teaching is known by the term Pedagogical Analysis of
the contents.”

11. Pedagogical
Analysis
Pedagogy
Science of
Teaching
Analysis
Breaking down
a Complex
Systematic And Effective
Teaching – Learning Process

12. Pillars of Teaching
Content Analysis
Framing of Instructional
Objectives
Methods or Techniques
Appropriate Evaluation Device

13. 1. Content Analysis
Content means subject matter of any subject and Analysis
means breaking down complex units into smaller sub-
units/sub-topics. It is very essential component in
pedagogical analysis because in doing so a teacher should
have a good knowledge of the maxims of teaching and
through knowledge of the content

14. 2. Instructional objectives:
A teaching process should be effective based upon its
instructional objective
 A teacher should consider following points in mind;
a. A teacher should have thorough knowledge of the different
approaches of behavioral objectives i.e. Bloom’s taxonomy,
RCEM approach.
b. Teacher’s approach of formulating
instructional objectives into
behavioral terms should be
learner-centered.
c . Teacher should have a good
knowledge of the content
that’s why he can put the subject matter in progressive sequence
and should know the domains or levels of teaching-learning.

15. 3. Learning methods/techniques/strategies : In this
the student came into the contact of teacher and subject
matter . Teacher give knowledge about the content or
concept by selecting the methods, techniques or methods
which are best of teaching that topic.
 A teacher performs the following activities;
 Use of various teaching skills
in his teaching.
 Selection and use of best
teaching method/technique
for teaching of science.
 Use of various teaching aids,
activities and equipments.

16. 4. Evaluation devices :
In this we came to know whether the objectives are achieved
or not. The outcomes are measured with the help of
evaluation devices. So the selection of appropriate evaluation
device in the form of oral, written, or practical activities are
carried out in relation of the teaching of topic.

17. Steps of pedagogical analysis
1. Divide the contents of the selected unit into suitable
sub-units and arrange the selected sub-units into a
number of required periods.
2. Briefly write the essence of the content of the
selected sub-unit.
3. Write appropriate previous knowledge required for
the sub-unit.
4. Write appropriate instructional objectives to be
selected for the sub-unit.

18. 5. Select the appropriate teaching strategies for the sub-unit
according to the following instruction;
1) Write the name of the method applied.
2) Mention the teaching aids required.
3) Briefly illustrate the necessary demonstration and
experimentation required.
4) Mention the necessary board work required.
5) Write probing questions related to the sub-unit and
provide appropriate answers for them.
6) Prepare a work sheet for the sub-unit.
6. Give suitable examples/illustration for the sub-unit.
7. Prepare a table of specification for the sub-unit. Write
atleast six criteria reference test –items each with specific
criteria of the sub-unit.

19. Need of Pedagogical Analysis
 Pedagogical analysis is selection of appropriate objectives
and strategies in various instructional situations to access
the level of actual teaching at the end.
 A comprehensive vision of required tasks, strategies for
realization of specific goals facilitates effective teaching. So
pedagogical analysis offers enormous potential for
improving the delivery of information in all form of
education.
 It involves various logical steps to arrive at logical
inference.
 It also helps the students to understand the concepts,
principles and phenomena.

20. Effective
Teaching
Teaching or
instructional
objectives
Methods
and
Learning
Materials
Evaluation
Devices
Content of
the Subject