The document provides information on various construction chemicals including their names, chemical substances, physical properties, uses in construction, hazards, and safe use practices. Specifically, it discusses tile grout, silicone sealant, super plasticizer, gypsum powder, cement, glass fiber, formaldehyde, PVC solvent cement, flame retardants, and lead. For each chemical, it summarizes the key components, applications, potential health risks, and safety precautions when handling the materials.

1. CONSTRUCTION CHEMICAL SAFETY
USES, HAZARD AND SOLUTION
SUBMITTED BY:
Roman man Shrestha st 120294
Kung Wunna Kyaw st 120332
Y.D. Gopal Rayadu st120357
Shwe Yee Oo st120321
Thae Nu San st120432
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2. Name of Product
Chemical Substances
Physical Properties
Use in Construction
Hazards
How to Safely Use
- Tile Grout
- Consists of a polymer modified mixture of silica flour, hydraulic cement and small
quantities of organic additives
- Used in Tile Joints for Non-fading & uniform color
- Used as joint filler designed for all kinds & sizes of tiles, pavers, synthetic & natural stone
- The powder can cause inflammation of mucous membranes
- Swallowing of small amounts of adhesive mix is unlikely to cause any significant
reaction. Larger amounts may result in irritation to the gastro-intestinal tract.
- cement/water mixtures with Grout can cause irritant contact dermatitis, allergic
(chromium) dermatitis and/or burns.
- Wear suitable goggles or face protection should be worn wherever there is a risk of
powder or wet mix entering the eye
- Local exhaust ventilation must be enough to maintain levels below Occupational
Exposure Standards (OES)
- Physical state: Particulate , Particle size: 1 to 200 microns, Density:
0.9-1.02 g/cm3 approx., Solubility: Slight.
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3. Name of Product
Chemical Substances
Physical Properties
Use in Construction
Hazards
How to Safely Use
- Silicone Sealant
- polyurethane, Nylene, Polyisocyanate prepolymer
- Low thermal conductivity.
- Low chemical reactivity.
- Thermal stability (constancy of properties over a wide temperature range of −100 to 250 °C).
- Resistant to weathering exposure
- Non-corrosive
Used in: - Home Repairs and Maintenance
- Sealant and Bond for Glass
- Construction Sealants and Adhesives
- Automobiles, Electronic Devices, and Appliances
- May cause an allergic skin reaction
- May cause allergy or asthma, symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled
- May cause cancer.
- prolonged exposure to some of the chemicals in this product with permanent brain, liver,
kidney and nervous system damage.
- Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
- Soak up with inert absorbent material (e.g. sand, silica gel, acid binder, universal binder,
sawdust).
- Follow standard hygiene measures when handling silicone sealant.
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4. Name of Product - Super plasticizer
Chemical Substances - Modified Phosphates and Naphthalene Formaldehyde Sulfonate
Physical Properties Form : Liquid
Color : Light yellow
Use in Construction It is also used as a water-reducing agent leading to high early strength concrete for use in :
- Pre-cast concrete elements
- Pre-stressed concrete
It is used in the production of free flowing concrete for use in:
- Slabs and foundations
- Walls, columns and piers.
Hazards - cause severe eye, skin and respiratory tract burns.
- causes skin burns. Toxic in contact with skin.
- If ingested, severe burns of the mouth and throat.
How to Safely Use - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. Use self-contained
breathing apparatus and chemically protective clothing.
- Do not store near acids. Keep containers tightly closed in a dry, cool and well-ventilated
place. Keep away from heat and sources of ignition. Keep in a dry, cool place. Keep
away from Oxidizers.
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5. 5
Name of Product
Chemical Substances
Physical Properties
Use in Construction
Hazards
How to Safely Use
-Gypsum Powder
- Calcium Sulphate Powder
- Specific Gravity: 0.47, pH:6, Solubility in water: 100%
Appearance: White / Tan Powder Oder: Not distinctive
- Combination of Gypsum powder is used in the form of wall board, also known as
gypsum board, drywall or sheet rock.
- Gypsum powder mixed with water makes plaster of Paris, a moulding material used
for coating of walls.
- Dust can cause irritation of mucus membrane, sneezing and coughing.
- Eye irritation and or sneezing, coughing and difficulty breathing.
- Brief contact with the skin is not toxic. Repeated or prolonged contact will
dehydrate skin.
- Use good housekeeping practices. Keep containers tightly closed.
- If dusting occurs use approved respirator to eliminate exposure.
- Avoid storage in wet or moist areas.
- Use Protective Gloves
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6. Name of product -Cement
Chemical substances - limestone (calcium), sand or clay (silicon), bauxite (aluminum) and iron
Physical properties – Fineness of cement
Soundness
Heat of hydration
Loss of ignition
Use in construction – used in mortar for plastering, masonry work, pointing, laying floors, roofs and constructing
lintels, beams, stairs, pillars
Hazards- - Exposure to cement dust can irritate eyes, nose, throat and the upper respiratory
system.
- Skin contact may result in moderate irritation to thickening/cracking of skin to severe
skin damage from chemical burns. Silica exposure can lead to lung injuries including
silicosis and lung cancer.
How to safely use - Wear alkali resistant gloves, long sleeves and pants to reduce skin exposure to concrete
or cement dust, and waterproof boots that are taller than the concrete is deep. Wear
safety glasses with side shields to protect the eyes or if it’s very dusty, goggles.
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7. Name of Product
Chemical Substances
Physical Properties
Use in Construction
Hazards
How to use Safely
- Glass fiber
- Fiberglass insulation should never be left exposed in an occupied area.
- Hazardous substances the maximum occupational exposure limit of 86 mg/m³
- The effective extraction and filtration equipment is required to be done safely.
-Fiberglass will irritate the eyes, skin, and effect respiratory system also breathing
difficulty.
- Unfortunately these work practices are not always followed; and fiberglass is often left
exposed in basements that later become occupied.
- Further manufacture of GRP components (grinding, cutting, sawing) creates fine dusts
and chips containing glass filaments, affect people's health and the functionality of
machines and equipment.
Silicon dioxide -55% calcium oxide – 16-25% aluminum oxide – 12-16% baron
oxide 8-13% sodium and potassium oxide 0-1% magnesium oxide 0-6%
Density: 2.5 gm /c.c. , Elongation at break: 3%, Elasticity: Bad, Resiliency: Excellent,
Ability to protest friction: Not good, Color: White or color less, luster : bright-light
Glass- fiber reinforced concrete (GRC) is a cementations matrix(cement, sand, water
admixtures). For non-structural elements like facade panels, piping and channels
lightweight, fire resistance, good appearance and strength
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8. Name of Product
Chemical Substances
Physical Properties
Use in Construction
Hazards
How to Safely Use
Formaldehyde
Formal and Methylene oxide and Paraformaldehyde
Molecular weight: 30.03 Melting point -92.0 o c
Vapor Pressure 3284 mmHg at 20 oc, Very soluble in water
Odor is irritating and pungent
Found in Polymers and used in plywood as powder and use to manufacture composite and
engineered
Wood products for shelves, stair systems, flooring support beam and truss
It is irritant to mucous membranes, the thin tissue inside your nose and other respiratory
Passages and inside the gut. Long term exposure can cause asthma –like respiratory
problems and skin
Irritation such as dermatitis and itching
-Worker who handle formaldehyde must receive documented training on hazards of
formaldehyde
-what to do in case of an exposure or spill
-A safety Data sheet (SDS) for formaldehyde should keep in work area where formaldehyde is
being used
-SDS and this safety net are excellent tools for training employees on the hazards of
formaldehyde
-Natural rubber or PVC glove should wear when handling concentrated formaldehyde
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9. Name of product - PVC Solvent Cement
Chemical substances - Cyclohexanone, Tetrahydrofuran, PVC Resin
Physical properties – Interference Fit
Net Fit
Loose Fit
Use in construction – used in PVC plumbing pipe in home to install new fixture connections and new pipes or
even repair some types of plumbing pipe damage
Hazards- - Irritation in Eyes and skin
- Possible risk of impaired fertility
- Harmful in lung if swallowed
How to safely use - - Avoid direct contact with eyes and skin
- Wear suitable clothing while working
- Wear a mask and gloves for the protection
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10. Name of Product
Chemical Substances
Name of Product - Flame retardant Liquid or Powder
Physical Properties
Use in Construction
Hazards
How to Safely Use
Chemical Substances
- Wide variety of flame retardant used in construction industry from electrical
wires and cables. To decorative fixtures. It is also used with large sheets of
polystyrene foam boards to increase fire resistance
- Children exposure to flame retardants linked to Neurodevelopmental Delays
that is releasing hormones in body. Children whose mothers expose flame
retardant chemicals during pregnancy & lowers IQs and more prone to
hyperactivity disorders and will occurs mental problems and reproductive
problems and thyroid cancer
- work in environment where there is no exposure to flames, so can be benefited
from fire and there will be comfortable option for everyone who needs the
additional protection.
- Chlorine (or) Bromine bonded to Carbon and phosphorous bonded to carbon
Specific gravity : 0.76 Moisture content (%) 7.26
TS (%) 33.84 WA (%) 58.46
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11. Name of Product
Chemical Substances
Physical Properties
Use in Construction
Hazards
How to Safely Use
- Lead (PB)
Bluish-white lustrous metal (very soft, highly malleable, ductile)
Odorless substance
- Using Gloves, hats, and shoes ; Vented goggles or face shields with protective spectacles
;personal protective equipment PPE should be provided at site.
- Use respirators to prevent inhalation of waste materials.
- Clean work clothing must be issued daily for employees.
- It damages central nervous system, reproductive system and kidneys.
- Short-term (acute) overexposure cause acute encephalopathy, affect brain further leads to
coma, and death from cardiorespiratory arrest.
- Extended, long-term (chronic) overexposure can result in severe damage to the central
nervous system, particularly the brain.
Lead is a heavy metal commonly found in roofing materials, paints, plumbing pipes decorative
pieces, lead glass, stained glass
late 19th and early 20th century tinted mortar for stone cladding
radiation shielding (bricks or sheeting), structural steel primer
Atomic number - 82 Atomic mass – 207.g.mol-1 Density – 11.34g.cm-3 Melting
point 327 ⁰c , solubility - insoluble
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